A laser cutting machine gear rack gap detection tool and detection method

Abstract

The application provides a laser cutting machine gear and rack gap detection tool and detection method, relates to the field of laser cutting machines, and aims to solve the problem of insufficient measurement accuracy caused by the fact that the fixing mode of a measuring disc and a speed reducer is different from that of an actual servo motor in the current gap detection process. The flange and the fixed shaft are used to simulate the structure of the output end of the servo motor, the flange bolt hole of the tool is matched with the connection hole position of the preset butt joint servo motor at the input end of the speed reducer, the fixed shaft is connected to the input end coupling of the speed reducer, the connection mode of the tool and the speed reducer is highly consistent with the installation mode of the actual servo motor, the meshing state of the gear and the rack under the actual working condition can be more truly simulated, the measurement error caused by the different connection modes is avoided, and thus the accuracy of the meshing gap measurement is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting machines, and specifically to a tooling and method for detecting the gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine. Background Technology

[0002] The transmission system of a laser cutting machine is a core component, and controlling its precision directly impacts the machine's quality, lifespan, and operational accuracy. During laser cutting machine assembly, the meshing of the gear and rack is adjusted by pressing solder wire onto the tooth surface. Specifically, solder wire is placed on the tooth surface between the two ends of the tooth width. The crossbeam is pushed by hand, causing the reducer gear on the crossbeam to rotate circumferentially on the rack, flattening the solder wire. The thickness of the compressed solder wire is then measured with a micrometer and compared to the factory-specified value. If the value is less than the specified value, the meshing clearance is too small, and the reducer gear is moved away from the rack. If the value is greater than the specified value, the meshing clearance is too large, and the reducer gear is moved closer to the rack.

[0003] Chinese Patent (Publication No. CN 212931283U, Publication Date 20210409) discloses a fixture for measuring the meshing clearance of a laser cutting machine. A measuring disc is fixedly connected to the input end of a reducer, and a limit plate is detachably connected to the measuring disc. A measuring instrument for measuring the meshing clearance is provided on one side of the reducer in the sliding direction. By gently pushing the crossbeam back and forth and fixing the measuring disc, the measuring instrument measures the range of movement of the crossbeam and the reducer as a whole. The size of the meshing clearance between the gear and rack is reflected by the measured value. However, the way the measuring disc is fixed to the input end of the reducer is different from that of an actual servo motor, which affects the measurement accuracy of the meshing clearance. In addition, since there may be a large difference in parallelism between the gear and rack, if the measuring point is randomly selected during the test, the clearance may not meet the requirements when the servo motor runs to the high point after the measurement is satisfactory, causing the gear and rack to jam and damaging the relevant components of the reducer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a fixture and method for detecting gear and rack clearance in laser cutting machines. This invention uses a flange and a fixed shaft to simulate the structure of a servo motor output end. The flange bolt holes of the fixture are matched with the pre-set connection holes of the servo motor at the input end of the reducer. Furthermore, the fixed shaft is connected to the coupling at the input end of the reducer. This ensures that the connection method between the fixture and the reducer is highly consistent with the actual installation method of the servo motor, more realistically simulating the meshing state of the gear and rack under actual working conditions. This avoids measurement errors caused by different connection methods, thereby improving the accuracy of meshing clearance measurement.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a tooling for detecting the gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine, which employs the following solution: It includes a flange and a fixed shaft. One end of the fixed shaft is coaxially fixed to one end of the flange. The flange edge has multiple bolt holes distributed circumferentially around its axis. The distribution position of the bolt holes matches the pre-set connection hole position of the servo motor at the input end of the reducer. The fixed shaft is used to connect to the coupling at the input end of the reducer.

[0006] Furthermore, a positioning protrusion is provided between the flange and the fixed shaft. The positioning protrusion protrudes from one end of the flange and serves as a stop to cooperate with the positioning groove on the reducer.

[0007] Furthermore, a through groove is provided on the end of the flange away from the fixed shaft, which serves as a weight reduction structure.

[0008] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for detecting the gear and rack clearance of a laser cutting machine, utilizing the gear and rack clearance detection fixture of the first objective, comprising: The speed reducer is mounted on the crossbeam via a speed reducer mounting plate. The speed reducer mounting plate is moved to the point where the difference in parallelism between the guide rail and the rack is the largest, so that the gear at the output end of the speed reducer with the rack at the point where the radial runout of the gear is the largest is engaged. Install a flange on the reducer, fix the shaft to the coupling, and after the bolt holes on the flange match the connection holes, install the screws, then tighten the coupling to lock the gear position. The crossbeam containing the reducer is reciprocated, and the amount of movement of the crossbeam along the guide rail is measured. Compare the activity level and backlash setting to determine if they meet the requirements.

[0009] Furthermore, if the amount of movement is greater than the backlash setting value, it is determined that the setting requirements are not met. The relative positions of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam are adjusted, locked, and the amount of movement of the crossbeam along the guide rail is measured again.

[0010] Furthermore, adjusting the relative position of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam includes: adjusting the position of the reducer mounting plate relative to the crossbeam along the guide rail direction and / or along the vertical guide rail direction.

[0011] Furthermore, if the amount of movement is less than or equal to the backlash setting value, it is determined that the setting requirements are met. The relative positions of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam are maintained, the flange and the fixed shaft are removed, and the gear is allowed to rotate freely for meshing tightness testing.

[0012] Furthermore, the engagement tightness detection includes: Insert the detection wire into the high point of the gear rack, push the crossbeam to make the gear move along the rack, and press out multiple sheet-like parts on the detection wire; Measure the thickness of the sheet-like portion and compare it with the set thickness value to determine whether it meets the requirements; If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the relative positions of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam until they do. If the results are satisfactory, the test is complete.

[0013] Furthermore, adjusting the relative position of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam includes: reducing the gear and rack meshing clearance when the thickness of the sheet portion exceeds the thickness setting value; and increasing the gear and rack meshing clearance when the thickness of the sheet portion is less than the thickness setting value.

[0014] Furthermore, the measuring instrument is a dial indicator, with the base fixed on the bed or guide rail. After the indicator needle is pressed in to a set length, it strikes the crossbeam or a component that moves synchronously with the crossbeam to measure the amount of movement of the crossbeam along the guide rail.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: To address the issue of insufficient measurement accuracy caused by the different fixing method of the measuring disc and reducer in the current gap detection process compared to the actual servo motor, a flange and fixed shaft are used to simulate the structure of the servo motor output end. The flange bolt holes of the fixture are matched with the pre-set connection holes of the servo motor at the input end of the reducer, and the fixed shaft is connected to the coupling at the input end of the reducer. This ensures that the connection method between the fixture and the reducer is highly consistent with the actual installation method of the servo motor, which can more realistically simulate the meshing state of gears and racks under actual working conditions, avoid measurement errors caused by different connection methods, and thus improve the accuracy of meshing gap measurement.

[0016] A positioning protrusion is set between the flange and the fixed shaft, and this protrusion, as a stop, cooperates with the positioning groove on the reducer. This makes the installation and positioning of the tooling and the reducer more accurate. On the one hand, the flange matches the connection hole of the pre-set servo motor on the reducer to achieve positioning. On the other hand, the cooperation between the stop and the positioning groove improves the accuracy of installation from another angle. The two complement each other, reduce the deviation during tooling installation, and ensure the reliability of testing.

[0017] To address the issues of existing testing methods being difficult to quantify precisely, complex in operation, and prone to errors, this paper quantifies the detection process of gear and rack backlash and meshing tightness. Through specific numerical measurements (such as beam movement and thickness of the filamentary portion) and comparisons (with set values), clear judgment criteria are established, changing the previous reliance on vague manual experience and improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection. Furthermore, precise adjustments are made at multiple stages. For example, based on the measurement results of backlash and meshing tightness, the relative positions of the reducer mounting plate and beam are adjusted in the guide rail direction and perpendicular guide rail direction to ensure that the gear and rack achieve optimal meshing after assembly, thus improving the assembly precision of the transmission components of the laser cutting machine.

[0018] First, install the reducer on the crossbeam and move it to the point where the difference in parallelism between the guide rail and the rack is the largest. This allows the teeth at the point of maximum radial runout of the gear to mesh with the rack, simulating the most unfavorable working conditions in actual operation, thereby reducing damage caused by a large difference in parallelism between the guide rail and the rack.

[0019] After the backlash test is completed, a detection wire is inserted to test the meshing tightness. The crossbeam is pushed to move the gear, and the thickness of the sheet-like part pressed out by the detection wire is measured and compared with the set value. Based on the result, the gear and rack meshing clearance is adjusted until it meets the requirements. This precise control of the gear and rack backlash and meshing tightness effectively avoids problems such as reduced cutting accuracy and equipment vibration caused by improper clearance, as well as increased wear caused by excessive or insufficient meshing tightness. This extends the service life of the equipment and improves the cutting quality and operational stability of the laser cutting machine.

[0020] It provides a standardized testing process and operating method, which can be followed by both new and experienced employees, reducing reliance on the experience of assembly workers, ensuring the consistency of test results, improving production efficiency, and reducing quality problems caused by personnel changes or differences in operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gear and rack clearance detection fixture for a laser cutting machine in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a through groove being formed on a flange in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a speed reducer mounted on a crossbeam in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a servo motor and a speed reducer in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a flange-fitted speed reducer in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the speed reducer and internal coupling in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the guide rail and the rack in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a rack and pinion gear in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the speed reducer and the crossbeam mounting surface in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the speed reducer arranged on the crossbeam mounting surface in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of measuring tools in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the direction of movement of the crossbeam in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of detection wires in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the detection filament after it has been pressed out into a sheet-like portion in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] Among them, 1. fixed shaft; 2. positioning protrusion; 3. flange; 4. bolt hole; 5. through groove; 6. crossbeam; 7. servo motor; 8. reducer; 9. gear; 10. reducer mounting plate; 11. coupling; 12. dust cap; 13. guide rail; 14. rack; 15. guide rail pressure block; 16. bed; 17. crossbeam mounting surface; 18. clamping block; 19. screw; 20. measuring tool; 21. detection wire. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, a tooling for detecting the gear and rack clearance of a laser cutting machine is presented.

[0038] The existing measuring fixture's fixing method between the measuring disc and the input end of the reducer 8 differs from that of the actual servo motor 7, affecting the measurement accuracy of the meshing clearance. Based on this, this embodiment provides a laser cutting machine gear and rack clearance detection fixture, which includes a flange 3 and a fixed shaft 1. The bolt holes 4 of the flange 3 of the fixture are matched with the pre-set connection holes of the servo motor 7 at the input end of the reducer 8, and the fixed shaft 1 is connected to the coupling 11 at the input end of the reducer 8. This ensures that the connection method between the fixture and the reducer 8 is consistent with the actual installation method of the servo motor 7, thereby realistically simulating the meshing state of the gear 9 and rack 14 under actual working conditions, avoiding measurement errors caused by different connection methods, and thus improving the accuracy of meshing clearance measurement.

[0039] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the laser cutting machine gear and rack clearance detection fixture is designed to improve detection accuracy and enhance ease of use. The various structures work together to achieve accurate simulation and efficient detection. The laser cutting machine gear and rack clearance detection fixture is hereinafter referred to as the "fixture".

[0040] The gear and rack clearance detection fixture for a laser cutting machine includes a flange 3 and a fixed shaft 1. One end of the fixed shaft 1 is coaxially fixed to one end of the flange 3. The flange 3 has multiple bolt holes 4 distributed circumferentially around its axis. The positions of the bolt holes 4 match the pre-set connection holes of the servo motor 7 at the input end of the reducer 8. The fixed shaft 1 is used to connect to the coupling 11 at the input end of the reducer 8. By using the flange 3 and fixed shaft 1 to simulate the output structure of the servo motor 7, the connection method between the fixture and the reducer 8 is made consistent with the actual installation method of the servo motor 7. This realistically simulates the meshing state of the gear 9 and rack 14 under actual working conditions, improving the accuracy of meshing clearance measurement.

[0041] This effectively avoids measurement errors caused by different connection methods, ensures that the measurement data can accurately reflect the actual meshing clearance, provides a reliable basis for the subsequent installation and adjustment of gear 9 and rack 14, and guarantees the assembly accuracy of the laser cutting machine transmission system.

[0042] In actual operation, one end of the fixed shaft 1 is coaxially fixed to one end of the flange 3. The bolt holes 4 on the edge of the flange 3 match the pre-set connection holes of the servo motor 7 at the input end of the reducer 8. It can be fastened with fasteners such as screws 19. During installation, the fixed shaft 1 is connected to the coupling 11 at the input end of the reducer 8 so that the tooling is stably installed on the reducer 8, simulating the working state of the servo motor 7.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a positioning protrusion 2 is provided between the flange 3 and the fixed shaft 1 to act as a positioning groove on the reducer 8, further accurately positioning the installation position of the tooling and the reducer 8, enhancing the stability of the tooling during the testing process, reducing tooling installation deviation, fixing the relative position of the tooling and the reducer 8 during the testing process, ensuring the reliability of the measurement data, and improving the testing accuracy.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, a through groove 5 is opened at the end of flange 3 away from fixed shaft 1. This is to prevent the formation of a "vacuum effect" (the tooling has high machining accuracy and flatness ≤0.02mm), making it difficult to remove. It also reduces the overall weight of the tooling, making it easier for operators to move and operate, while saving material costs without affecting the performance of the tooling.

[0045] As a weight-reduction structure, the through groove 5, through reasonable design of its shape and position, can reduce the amount of tooling material used while ensuring that the tooling can still maintain stable structural strength when subjected to the force during the testing process, so as not to affect the normal operation of the testing work.

[0046] This tooling is made of 45# steel as a whole. The main manufacturing process is: rough turning - heat treatment - (finish turning) fine grinding, (quenching and tempering followed by surface hardening). After heat treatment, its surface hardness is ≥45HRC. The high surface hardness can prevent surface damage caused by bumps, collisions, and extrusion during use, and prevent it from affecting its surface accuracy. The fixture has a cylindrical shape with a fixed shaft 1 and a flange 3. The weight and size will vary depending on the model of the reducer 8 used in each laser cutting machine, but the underlying principle remains the same. Taking the YASKAWA 1.8KW as an example, the fixture weighs approximately 3.2Kg, making it lightweight and easy to move and operate with one hand (the following examples all use fixtures compatible with this motor).

[0047] The dimensions and tolerances of the flange 3, positioning protrusion 2 and fixed shaft 1 on the tooling are configured according to the servo motor 7 that is being replaced, so as to maintain a stable fit between the tooling and the reducer 8.

[0048] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-13 As shown, a method for detecting the gear rack clearance in a laser cutting machine is presented.

[0049] A complete laser cutting machine has a crossbeam 6 with a reducer 8, a servo motor 7, a gear 9, etc. installed on both sides. The crossbeam 6 is installed on the bed 16 and connected to the guide rail 13 slider installed on the bed 16. The guide rail 13 is fixed to the bed 16 by the guide rail pressure block 15. The machine head is installed above the crossbeam 6. The servo motor 7, gear 9, reducer 8, etc. are installed above the machine head. The machine tool has a protective cover, which is not shown in the corresponding figure of this embodiment.

[0050] like Figures 3-13 As shown, guide rails 13 are distributed on the bed 16, and the crossbeam 6 is mounted on the guide rails 13. The crossbeam 6 has a crossbeam mounting surface 17, and the reducer 8 has a reducer mounting plate 10. The reducer mounting plate 10 is mounted on the crossbeam mounting surface 17 with fasteners. By loosening the fasteners, the relative position of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam mounting surface 17 can be adjusted, thereby changing the relative position of the crossbeam 6 and the gear 9 at the output end of the reducer 8. A clamping block 18 is also provided on the crossbeam mounting surface 17, and the clamping bolts on the clamping block 18 can assist in adjusting the position of the reducer mounting plate 10.

[0051] The reducer 8 forms a groove at one end of the servo motor 7. The coupling 11 at the input end of the reducer 8 is located in this groove. A connection hole is provided circumferentially outside the groove opening. An operation hole for fastening the coupling 11 is provided on the side wall of the groove. A dust cap 12 is fitted into the operation hole.

[0052] The method for detecting gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine utilizes the gear and rack clearance detection fixture shown in Example 1, and specifically includes the following steps: The reducer 8 is arranged on the crossbeam 6 via the reducer mounting plate 10. The reducer mounting plate 10 moves to the point where the difference in parallelism between the guide rail 13 and the rack 14 is the largest, so that the tooth at the point where the radial runout of the gear 9 at the output end of the reducer 8 is the largest mesh with the rack 14. Install flange 3 on reducer 8, connect fixed shaft 1 to coupling 11, and after the bolt hole 4 on flange 3 matches the connection hole, install screw 19, then tighten coupling 11 to lock the position of gear 9. The reciprocating drive of the reducer 8 is used to drive the crossbeam 6, and the amount of movement of the crossbeam 6 along the guide rail 13 is measured. Compare the activity level and backlash setting to determine if they meet the requirements.

[0053] In addition, the adjustment process following the adjustment judgment includes: If the amount of movement is greater than the back clearance setting value, it is determined that it does not meet the setting requirements. The relative position of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam 6 is adjusted, locked, and the amount of movement of the crossbeam 6 along the guide rail 13 is measured again.

[0054] The adjustment of the relative position of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam 6 includes: adjusting the position of the reducer mounting plate 10 relative to the crossbeam 6 along the direction of the guide rail 13 and / or along the direction perpendicular to the guide rail 13.

[0055] If the amount of movement is less than or equal to the backlash setting value, it is determined that the setting requirements are met. Maintain the relative position of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam 6, remove the flange 3 and the fixed shaft 1, and allow the gear 9 to rotate freely for meshing tightness testing.

[0056] Crane operator, mesh tightness inspection includes: Insert the detection wire 21 into the high point aligned with the rack 14 of the gear 9, push the crossbeam 6 to move the gear 9 along the rack 14, and press out multiple sheet-like parts on the detection wire 21; Measure the thickness of the sheet-like portion and compare it with the set thickness value to determine whether it meets the requirements; If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the relative positions of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam 6 until they do. If the results are satisfactory, the test is complete.

[0057] The measuring instrument 20 uses a dial indicator, with the base fixed on the bed 16 or the guide rail 13. After the indicator needle is pressed into the set length, it strikes the crossbeam 6 or a component that moves synchronously with the crossbeam 6 to measure the amount of movement of the crossbeam 6 along the guide rail 13.

[0058] In this embodiment, combined with Figures 1-13 This paper provides a detailed explanation of the method for detecting the gear and rack clearance in laser cutting machines.

[0059] The testing methods, from preparation to backlash detection and adjustment, and then to meshing tightness detection, ensure the assembly accuracy of gear 9 and rack 14, guaranteeing the efficient and stable operation of the laser cutting machine.

[0060] First, the reducer 8 is placed on the crossbeam 6 via the reducer mounting plate 10 and moved to the point where the difference in parallelism between the guide rail 13 and the rack 14 is the largest. At the same time, the teeth at the point where the radial runout of the gear 9 at the output end of the reducer 8 is the largest mesh with the rack 14. The purpose is to simulate the most unfavorable working conditions that the gear 9 and rack 14 may encounter when the laser cutting machine is running. Testing under this working condition can more comprehensively and accurately detect potential meshing problems and ensure the reliability of the test results.

[0061] Before assembly, components should be kept clean and free of debris and contaminants to prevent affecting measurement results. Other preparatory work has been completed before using the tooling, such as the reducer 8 being installed on the reducer mounting plate 10 and the gear 9 being installed on the reducer 8; other details will not be elaborated here. The point marked with the stamped "A" where the parallelism difference between the guide rail 13 and the rack 14 is greatest throughout the entire stroke can be considered the highest point of the rack 14. The tooling should be installed from the point marked "A". Figure 7 As shown. Gear 9's runout will also have errors, so it's necessary to find the point of maximum radial runout of gear 9 and correlate it with the meshing position, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0062] First, install the reducer 8 on the reducer mounting plate 10. After the reducer 8 is positioned at the corresponding position on the crossbeam mounting surface 17, slightly tighten the fasteners (1 / 4 of the standard torque). Then, use the jacking bolts to push the reducer mounting plate 10, causing the gear 9 to mesh with the rack 14. Finally, tighten the fasteners (1 / 3 of the standard torque). Next, move the mounting plate to the position where the parallelism difference between the guide rail 13 and the rack 14 is greatest, find the tooth at the point of maximum radial runout of the gear 9, and make it mesh with the rack 14.

[0063] A flange 3 is installed on the reducer 8, the fixed shaft 1 is connected to the coupling 11, the bolt holes 4 are matched and screws 19 are installed, and then the coupling 11 is tightened to lock the position of gear 9. This is to ensure a stable connection between the fixture and the reducer 8, simulating the state after the servo motor 7 is installed, ensuring that the fixture and the reducer 8 become a whole during the testing process, accurately transmitting displacement, and making the test data truly reflect the backlash of gear 9 and rack 14. This ensures the stability and reliability of the fixture during the testing process, improves the accuracy of backlash measurement, and provides data support for subsequent judgment and adjustment.

[0064] The crossbeam 6, where the reducer 8 is located, is reciprocated. The amount of movement of the crossbeam 6 along the guide rail 13 is measured using a dial indicator. The size of the backlash of the gear 9 and rack 14 is determined by measuring the amount of movement of the crossbeam 6, providing a quantitative basis for judging whether the assembly of the gear 9 and rack 14 meets the requirements.

[0065] Fix the dial indicator base to the bed 16 or guide rail 13. After the indicator needle is pressed in to the set length, it strikes the crossbeam 6 or a component that moves synchronously with the crossbeam 6. Then, reciprocate the movement of the crossbeam 6 and record the changes in the dial indicator readings. Specifically, the indicator needle is pressed in 1-2mm and strikes the rear end of the crossbeam 6 or the side of the reducer mounting plate 10, according to... Figure 11 After pushing the crossbeam 62-3 times in the direction of the arrow shown, record the dial indicator reading (at this point, the pointer can also be returned to zero). Then follow... Figure 12 Observe the pointer change by pushing the crossbeam 6 (after pushing the crossbeam 6, release it; repeat 2-3 times for accurate readings). The difference in the dial indicator value is the backlash. This method can accurately measure the displacement of the crossbeam 6 and quantify the backlash of gear 9 and rack 14, making the test results more intuitive and accurate, and facilitating subsequent judgment and adjustment.

[0066] Compare the activity range and backlash setting value to determine if they meet the requirements. The backlash setting value is ≤0.02mm. If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the relative position of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam 6, and measure again. The purpose is to ensure that the backlash of gear 9 and rack 14 is within a reasonable range, so as to ensure the transmission accuracy of the laser cutting machine.

[0067] The measured movement of the crossbeam 6 is compared with the preset backlash value. If the movement is greater than the set value, the position of the reducer mounting plate 10 relative to the crossbeam 6 along the guide rail 13 or along the vertical guide rail 13, or the position along the guide rail 13 and along the vertical guide rail 13 are adjusted simultaneously. After the adjustment is completed, the position is locked and the movement of the crossbeam 6 is measured again.

[0068] If the back clearance meets the set requirements, i.e., back clearance ≤ 0.02mm, maintain the relative position of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam 6, remove the flange 3 and the fixed shaft 1, and allow the gear 9 to rotate freely to perform a meshing tightness test. The purpose is to further test the meshing state of the gear 9 and rack 14, check whether the meshing is too tight, and ensure that its meshing tightness also meets the requirements, so as to avoid affecting the operation of the equipment due to excessively tight or loose meshing.

[0069] Specifically, after the backlash test is passed, the flange 3 and fixed shaft 1 of the tooling are removed to allow the gear 9 to rotate freely; Insert the detection wire 21 into the position aligned with the high point of the gear 9 and rack 14, and push the crossbeam 6 to move the gear 9 along the rack 14. At this time, the detection wire 21 will be pressed into a sheet shape. Use a tool to measure the thickness of the sheet shape and compare it with the set thickness value. This is used to accurately determine the meshing tightness of the gear 9 and rack 14, providing an accurate basis for subsequent adjustments and ensuring that the gear 9 and rack 14 can work normally during equipment operation.

[0070] If the thickness of the sheet portion does not meet the set thickness value, adjust the relative position of the reducer mounting plate 10 and the crossbeam 6 until it meets the requirements. The purpose is to adjust the meshing tightness of the gear 9 and rack 14 to achieve the best state, so as to ensure the normal operation and service life of the equipment.

[0071] When the thickness of the sheet-like portion exceeds the set value, reduce the meshing clearance of gear 9 and rack 14; when the thickness of the sheet-like portion is less than the set value, increase the meshing clearance of gear 9 and rack 14. After adjustment, perform the test again until the thickness of the sheet-like portion meets the set requirements. Ensure that the meshing tightness of gear 9 and rack 14 meets the design requirements, reduce wear during equipment operation, and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0072] In this embodiment, the detection wire 21 is a 0.5mm diameter electrical solder wire. After obtaining the sheet-like part, the thickness setting value range of the sheet-like part is 0.05 ≤ thickness ≤ 0.07mm. If the thickness of the sheet-like part is less than 0.05mm when measured with an outside micrometer, it is because the meshing is too tight and the fasteners of the reducer 8 need to be disassembled and readjusted.

[0073] If the gap does not meet the ≤0.02mm standard, it is because the directional clearance is too large. The fasteners need to be loosened and adjusted to bring gear 9 closer to rack 14. After adjustment, repeat the meshing tightness test until the requirements are met.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine, characterized in that, A fixture for detecting gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine includes a flange and a fixed shaft. One end of the fixed shaft is coaxially fixed to one end of the flange. Multiple bolt holes are circumferentially distributed along the flange's edge, and their positions match the pre-set connection holes of a servo motor at the input end of a speed reducer. The fixed shaft is used to connect to the coupling at the input end of the speed reducer. A positioning protrusion is provided between the flange and the fixed shaft, protruding relative to one end of the flange. This protrusion serves as a stop to engage with a positioning groove on the speed reducer. A through groove is provided on the end of the flange furthest from the fixed shaft, serving as a weight-reduction structure. The detection method includes: The speed reducer is mounted on the crossbeam via a speed reducer mounting plate. The speed reducer mounting plate is moved to the point where the difference in parallelism between the guide rail and the rack is the largest, so that the gear at the output end of the speed reducer with the rack at the point where the radial runout of the gear is the largest is engaged. Install a flange on the reducer, fix the shaft to the coupling, and after the bolt holes on the flange match the connection holes, install the screws, then tighten the coupling to lock the gear position. The crossbeam containing the reducer is reciprocated, and the amount of movement of the crossbeam along the guide rail is measured. Compare the activity level and backlash setting to determine if they meet the requirements.

2. The method for detecting gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the amount of movement is greater than the backlash setting value, it is determined that it does not meet the setting requirements. The relative position of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam is adjusted, locked, and the amount of movement of the crossbeam along the guide rail is measured again.

3. The method for detecting gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment of the relative position of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam includes: adjusting the position of the reducer mounting plate relative to the crossbeam along the guide rail direction and / or along the vertical guide rail direction.

4. The method for detecting gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the amount of movement is less than or equal to the backlash setting value, it is determined that the setting requirements are met. Maintain the relative position of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam, remove the flange and the fixed shaft, and allow the gear to rotate freely to perform a meshing tightness test.

5. The method for detecting gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The meshing tightness detection includes: Insert the detection wire into the high point of the gear rack, push the crossbeam to make the gear move along the rack, and press out multiple sheet-like parts on the detection wire; Measure the thickness of the sheet-like portion and compare it with the set thickness value to determine whether it meets the requirements; If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the relative positions of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam until they do. If the conditions are met, the test is complete. The measuring instrument is a dial indicator, with the base fixed on the bed or guide rail. After the indicator needle is pressed into the set length, it strikes the crossbeam or a component that moves synchronously with the crossbeam to measure the amount of movement of the crossbeam along the guide rail.

6. The method for detecting gear and rack clearance in a laser cutting machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment of the relative position of the reducer mounting plate and the crossbeam includes: reducing the gear and rack meshing clearance when the thickness of the sheet portion exceeds the thickness setting value; and increasing the gear and rack meshing clearance when the thickness of the sheet portion is less than the thickness setting value.

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