Inspection device and method for machining shield tunneling drive holes

Abstract

This invention discloses an inspection device and method for machining shield tunneling drive holes. The inspection device includes a column with a coaxial first mating structure and a second mating structure formed on it. An annular component is disposed outside the second mating structure for coaxial positioning with a reference hole. The first mating structure is constructed to a preset size to mate with the machined drive hole. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the column is less than a preset value, while the coefficient of thermal expansion of the annular component is greater than that of the column. The second mating structure and the annular component are assembled by heat fitting, and the inspection device and the workpiece to be tested are assembled by cold fitting. The uniformity of the gap between the first mating structure and the drive hole after reheating is used to verify the coaxiality between the drive hole and the reference hole. This inspection device, by using a column and annular component with different coefficients of thermal expansion, ensures that the column with a lower coefficient of thermal expansion is less susceptible to deformation due to temperature changes, avoiding large deformations caused by low-temperature processing and ensuring dimensional accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunneling drive hole coaxiality inspection technology, and in particular, to an inspection device for processing shield tunneling drive holes. Furthermore, this invention also relates to a method for processing shield tunneling drive holes including the aforementioned inspection device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the coaxiality of the drive holes in tunnel boring machines is mainly ensured through repeated positioning using machine tool precision. When the precision of the machine tool changes during the machining process, it will directly lead to the coaxiality of the drive holes exceeding the tolerance, thus resulting in unqualified drive holes.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to test the coaxiality of the drive holes of the tunnel boring machine after processing. However, in the existing technology, the coaxiality of the drive holes is mainly tested by on-machine inspection, while there are few third-party inspection methods. For example, laser inspection is inefficient and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an inspection device and a method for machining shield drive holes, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art where the shield machine gearbox drive holes have high precision requirements, few positional detection methods, low detection efficiency, and high detection costs.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, an inspection device for machining drive holes in tunnel boring machines is provided. The inspection device includes a column, on which coaxial first mating structure and second mating structure are respectively formed. An annular component for coaxial positioning and mating with a reference hole is disposed outside the second mating structure. The first mating structure is constructed to a preset size to mate with the machined drive hole. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the first mating structure or the column is less than a preset value, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the annular component is greater than that of the column. The second mating structure and the annular component are assembled by heat fitting, and the inspection device is assembled with the workpiece to be tested by cold fitting. The uniformity of the gap between the first mating structure and the drive hole after reheating is used to verify the coaxiality between the drive hole and the reference hole.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the testing device is provided with a gas priming structure for introducing low-temperature gas or low-temperature liquid.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the air-guiding structure includes a first hole segment arranged along the axial direction of the column, and the column is also provided with a plurality of second hole segments that connect to the outer wall of the first hole segment and the second mating structure. The annular component is provided with air-guiding holes that match the circumferential distribution position of the second hole segment, and the two ends of the air-guiding holes are respectively connected to the inner wall of the annular component and the end face of the annular component.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a positioning structure is provided between the annular component and the column to enable axial and / or circumferential positioning between the annular component and the column.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the positioning structure is set after the second mating structure and the annular part are heat-fitted together; the outer circle of the annular part and the first mating structure are machined as a whole after the column and the annular part are assembled.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the column includes a first shaft segment, a second shaft segment, and a connecting structure connecting the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment. The second mating structure is disposed on the first shaft segment, and the first mating structure is disposed on the second shaft segment.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a heat insulation component is provided between the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the outer circle dimension of the annular component matches the upper tolerance limit of the reference hole; the dimension of the first mating structure is reduced by a preset value compared to the nominal diameter of the driving hole.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for machining shield tunneling drive holes is also provided, employing an inspection device for machining shield tunneling drive holes as described in any of the preceding claims, the machining method comprising:

[0014] S1. Gearbox in tooling awaiting processing;

[0015] S2. Alignment and determination of the machining coordinate system;

[0016] S3. Rough machining of the current drive hole of the gearbox;

[0017] S4. Natural aging;

[0018] S5. Semi-finishing, finishing;

[0019] S6. Verification;

[0020] S7. After the testing device is subjected to low-temperature treatment, it is cold-loaded into the reference hole;

[0021] S8. After the temperature returns to normal, measure the gap between the first mating structure and the drive hole using a feeler gauge, and judge the coaxiality by the uniformity of the gap.

[0022] S9. After the inspection is completed, the inspection device is subjected to low temperature treatment and removed from the current drive hole for inspection of the next drive hole.

[0023] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, step S1 includes:

[0024] S11. Set up the support column and hydraulic jack, prepare the screw and pressure plate, with the support column located on one side of the hydraulic jack, which has a pressure feedback function.

[0025] S12. Hoist the gearbox onto the jack, with the side wall of the gearbox engaging with the hydraulic jack, and record the pressure value P1 returned by the hydraulic jack;

[0026] S13. Adjust the crane descent height so that the pressure feedback value P2 is 10%-30% of P1;

[0027] S14. Press the pressure plate onto the top end face of the gearbox so that the bottom end of the gearbox abuts against the column, and lock the pressure plate to the column by means of screws;

[0028] S15. After the pressure gauge reading stabilizes, the tractor will be uncoupled.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The column and annular component of this testing device have different coefficients of thermal expansion, with the annular component having a smaller coefficient than the column. The second mating structure and the annular component are assembled using a heat-fitting method. This involves heating the annular component to allow the second mating structure to be inserted more smoothly due to thermal expansion and contraction, or simultaneously heating the annular component and column. The difference in their coefficients of thermal expansion results in less deformation of the column, thus facilitating smoother insertion into the annular component. After assembly, the testing device can be positioned, fixed, and the mating surfaces machined. During inspection, the annular component and the reference hole are assembled using a cold-fitting method. Under low-temperature conditions, the size of the annular component is slightly reduced to facilitate insertion into the reference hole. Simultaneously, the first mating structure mates with the drive hole. After the temperature rises, the annular component and the reference hole are aligned and tightened. By measuring the gap between the first mating structure and the driving hole, the coaxiality can be determined based on the uniformity of the gap, thus completing the inspection. This inspection device uses a column and annular component with different coefficients of thermal expansion to ensure that the column, with its lower coefficient of thermal expansion, is less susceptible to deformation due to temperature changes, avoiding significant deformation caused by low-temperature treatment and ensuring dimensional accuracy. The annular component, with its relatively high coefficient of thermal expansion, can be heat-fitted into the annular component and cold-fitted into the reference hole, achieving a positioning fit after reheating. The operation is simple, and only the annular component needs to be replaced after deformation, resulting in low cost. By using this inspection device, the coaxiality of the driving hole can be quickly detected without the aid of laser detection, ensuring that the positional accuracy of the driving hole meets the requirements. This method offers high inspection efficiency and low cost.

[0031] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inspection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive hole of a gearbox component;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inspection device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the inspection tooling of the inspection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the gearbox tooling process of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a gearbox tooling for a preferred embodiment of the processing method of the present invention.

[0039] Legend:

[0040] 100. Column; 101. First mating structure; 102. Second mating structure; 103. First hole section; 104. Second hole section; 105. Connecting structure; 106. First shaft section; 107. Second shaft section; 108. Heat insulation component; 200. Ring component; 201. Air vent; 300. Gearbox; 301. Reference hole; 302. Drive hole; 400. Positioning structure; 500. Hydraulic jack; 600. Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inspection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive hole of a gearbox component; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inspection device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram of the inspection tooling of the inspection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the gearbox tooling process of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a gearbox tooling for a preferred embodiment of the processing method of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 6As shown in this embodiment, the inspection device for machining the shield tunnel drive hole 302 includes a column 100. A first mating structure 101 and a second mating structure 102, both coaxial, are formed on the column 100. An annular component 200 is provided outside the second mating structure 102 for coaxial positioning with the reference hole 301. The first mating structure 101 is constructed to a preset size to mate with the machined drive hole 302. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the first mating structure 101 or the column 100 is less than a preset value, while the coefficient of thermal expansion of the annular component 200 is greater than that of the column 100. The second mating structure 102 and the annular component 200 are assembled by heat fitting, and the inspection device and the workpiece to be tested are assembled by cold fitting. The uniformity of the gap between the first mating structure 101 and the drive hole 302 after reheating is used to verify the coaxiality between the drive hole 302 and the reference hole 301. It should be understood that the axial distance between the first mating structure 101 and the second mating structure 102 matches the axial distance between the reference hole 301 and the drive hole 302.

[0044] In this embodiment, the entire column 100 is made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. In other embodiments, only the first mating structure 101 may be made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

[0045] It is understood that the column 100 and the annular component 200 of this inspection device have different coefficients of thermal expansion, with the coefficient of thermal expansion of the annular component 200 being greater than that of the column 100. The second mating structure 102 and the annular component 200 are assembled by heat fitting, i.e., heating the annular component 200 to allow the second mating structure 102 to be more smoothly installed into the annular component 200 due to thermal expansion and contraction, or simultaneously heating the annular component 200 and the column 100, which reduces the deformation of the column 100 and allows for smoother installation into the annular component 200. After assembly, the inspection device can perform positioning and fixing, as well as machining of the mating surfaces. During inspection, the annular component 200 and the reference hole 301 are assembled by cold fitting, i.e., the size of the annular component 200 is slightly reduced under low-temperature conditions to facilitate smooth installation into the reference hole 301. Simultaneously, the first mating structure 101 engages with the driving hole 302, and the temperature rises. The annular component 200 and the reference hole 301 are aligned and tightened. By measuring the gap between the first mating structure 101 and the driving hole 302, the coaxiality can be determined based on the uniformity of the gap, thus completing the inspection. This inspection device, by setting up a column 100 and an annular component 200 with different coefficients of thermal expansion, ensures that the column 100, with its lower coefficient of thermal expansion, is less susceptible to deformation due to temperature, avoiding large deformation caused by low-temperature treatment and ensuring dimensional accuracy. The annular component 200, with its relatively high coefficient of thermal expansion, can be hot-fitted to the annular component 200 and cold-fitted to the reference hole 301, and the positioning fit is completed after the temperature returns to normal. The operation is simple, and only the annular component 200 can be replaced after deformation, resulting in low cost. By using this inspection device, the coaxiality of the driving hole 302 can be quickly detected without the aid of laser detection, ensuring that the position of the driving hole 302 meets the requirements, resulting in high inspection efficiency and low cost.

[0046] It should be understood that the above preset value is a relatively small value, that is, to ensure that the column 100 has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which greatly reduces the deformation caused by low temperature. Specifically, the column 100 can be made of Invar steel, iridium steel or carbon fiber, and the ring part 200 can be made of materials with relatively high coefficients of thermal expansion and low cost, such as copper, aluminum, copper alloy, aluminum alloy.

[0047] It should be noted that the outer diameter of the annular component 200 matches the upper limit of the tolerance of the reference hole 301, thereby ensuring a tight and stable fit between the annular component 200 and the reference hole 301 after cold assembly and reheating, ensuring the positional accuracy of the inspection device and the reference hole 301, and thus ensuring the positional accuracy between the inspection reference hole 301 and the drive hole 302. Similarly, the inner diameter of the annular component 200 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the second mating structure 102 or matches its lower tolerance limit, ensuring a tight and stable fit after the annular component 200 is hot-fitted onto the column 100 and reheats. On the other hand, the size of the first mating structure 101 is reduced by a preset value compared to the nominal diameter of the drive hole 302. For example, the outer diameter of the first mating structure 101 is smaller than the nominal diameter of the drive hole 302. The nominal diameter of the drive hole 302 is reduced by 0.1 mm. This dimension can be easily checked using a feeler gauge during subsequent inspection. Specifically, the first mating structure 101 has an outer diameter d1, the annular part 200 has an outer diameter d2, the first mating structure 101 has an outer diameter d3, the drive hole 302 has a dimension D1, and the reference hole 301 has a dimension D2. The nominal diameter of the first mating structure 101 d1 is 0.1 mm smaller than that of the drive hole 302 D1. The outer diameter d2 is the upper limit of the D2 tolerance. The outer diameter of the cylinder 100 is smaller than that of the first mating structure 101 and the second mating structure 102. The inner diameter of the annular part 200 is reduced by 0.1-0.2 mm compared to d3. During inspection, the gap between d1 and D1 is measured using a feeler gauge.

[0048] Furthermore, the inspection device of this embodiment is provided with a gas-guiding structure for introducing low-temperature gas or low-temperature liquid. It should be understood that the gas-guiding structure is connected to the annular component 200, so that the introduced low-temperature gas or low-temperature liquid mainly acts on the annular component 200, causing the annular component 200 to deform and shrink at low temperature. This allows it to be quickly installed into the reference hole 301 or removed after inspection. The column 100 has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and the first mating structure 101 is less affected by temperature, thus ensuring inspection accuracy. By providing a gas-guiding structure, it is easy to introduce low-temperature gases such as CO2 for low-temperature treatment, thereby enabling faster disassembly in the assembled state and improving inspection efficiency.

[0049] Specifically, the air-drawing structure includes a first perforated section 103 arranged along the axial direction of the column 100. The column 100 is also provided with a plurality of second perforated sections 104 connected to the outer wall of the first perforated section 103 and the second mating structure 102. The annular component 200 is provided with air-drawing holes 201 that match the circumferential distribution positions of the second perforated sections 104. The two ends of the air-drawing holes 201 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the annular component 200 and the end face of the annular component 200, and are connected to a low-temperature gas source from the top of the column 100 to allow air to enter. The low-temperature gas is led out through the first orifice 103 and the second orifice 104 to the air inlet 201 of the annular part 200. The air inlet 201 and the second orifice 104 of the annular part 200 are evenly distributed circumferentially, making the effect of the low-temperature gas more uniform. The air inlet 201 is introduced from the inner wall of the annular part 200 to the end face, increasing its passing area, improving the effect of low-temperature treatment, further improving the assembly and disassembly efficiency, and effectively reducing the impact of low-temperature treatment on the gearbox 300 workpiece.

[0050] In some embodiments, a positioning structure 400 is provided between the annular member 200 and the column 100 for axial and / or circumferential positioning between the annular member 200 and the column 100. Specifically, the positioning structure 400 is set after the annular member 200 and the column 100 are assembled. The positioning structure 400 includes pin holes that are respectively opened in the radial direction in the annular member 200 and the column 100, and a pin shaft passing through the pin holes. Axial and circumferential positioning between the two is achieved by the pin shaft passing through them radially. The structure is simple and easy to process and assemble.

[0051] Specifically, after the second mating structure 102 and the annular part 200 are thermally assembled, a positioning structure 400 is set. That is, after the annular part 200 is thermally assembled onto the column 100, the pin hole and the assembly pin are machined simultaneously after tooling, which improves machining efficiency and machining accuracy. On the other hand, after the column 100 and the annular part 200 are assembled, the outer circle of the annular part 200 and the first mating structure 101 are machined as a whole. Similarly, after the two are assembled, they are machined on the same datum to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the two and to ensure the inspection accuracy of the inspection device.

[0052] In some embodiments, the column 100 includes a first shaft segment 106, a second shaft segment 107, and a connecting structure 105 connecting the first shaft segment 106 and the second shaft segment 107. A first mating structure 101 is disposed on the first shaft segment 106, and a second mating structure 102 is disposed on the second shaft segment 107. It can be understood that by separately disposing of the first shaft segment 106 and the second shaft segment 107 and connecting them through the connecting structure 105, the connecting structure 105 can become a transition structure between the two. When the annular part 200 is subjected to low-temperature treatment before assembly, the temperature conduction can be significantly reduced, thereby further avoiding the influence of temperature changes during high-temperature insertion or low-temperature assembly of the annular part 200 on the first mating structure 101, further reducing the deformation of the main inspection structure of the inspection device, and improving the inspection accuracy.

[0053] Specifically, the connecting structure 105 can be a connecting sleeve with internal threads, and the connecting ends of the first shaft segment 106 and the second shaft segment 107 are respectively provided with external threads. The two ends of the connecting sleeve are respectively threaded to the connecting ends of the first shaft segment 106 and the second shaft segment 107. Based on this, the connecting sleeve is preferably made of heat-insulating material, which has weak temperature conduction performance, further avoiding the deformation of the first mating structure 101 caused by temperature changes. In order to make the structure more stable after the connecting structure 105 connects the first shaft segment 106 and the second shaft segment 107, the same pin hole and pin shaft can be provided at the connecting structure 105, similar to the positioning structure 400, so that the first shaft segment 106 and the connecting sleeve are axially and circumferentially positioned, and the second shaft segment 107 and the connecting sleeve are axially and circumferentially positioned.

[0054] Furthermore, a heat insulation component 108 is provided between the first shaft segment 106 and the second shaft segment 107. The heat insulation component 108 is also made of heat insulation material and has weak temperature conduction performance, which further avoids the deformation of the first mating structure 101 caused by temperature changes.

[0055] In some embodiments, the second shaft segment 107 and the annular member 200 can be made of copper, aluminum, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, etc., and the first shaft segment 106 is made of the aforementioned materials and materials with low coefficient of thermal expansion such as hot work die steel, which effectively avoids the influence of temperature changes in the second shaft segment 107 on the first shaft segment 106 and ensures the dimensional accuracy of the first mating structure 101; at the same time, compared with the integral structure of the column 100, the material cost of the column 100 of this split structure is lower.

[0056] On the other hand, a preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for processing a shield tunneling drive hole 302, which utilizes the aforementioned inspection device for processing the shield tunneling drive hole 302, and the processing method includes:

[0057] S1. Tooling for processing gearbox 300;

[0058] S2. Alignment, determining the machining coordinate system; it should be understood that aligning the center datum of the turning process determines the coordinate system for workpiece machining;

[0059] S3. Rough machining of the current drive hole 302 of the gearbox 300;

[0060] S4. Natural aging; After rough machining of drive hole 302 is completed, the workpiece is lifted off the machine tool by a crane and subjected to natural aging.

[0061] S5. Semi-finishing and finishing: After completing the roughing of all drive holes 302, use tools to semi-finish and finish the drive holes 302 to meet the requirements of the drawing;

[0062] S6. Verification; calibration of measuring tools against standard marble samples before finishing;

[0063] S7. The gearbox 300 is laid flat; after the inspection device is subjected to low temperature treatment, it is quickly cold-installed into the comparison hole 301;

[0064] S8. After the temperature is restored, the gap between the first mating structure 101 and the driving hole 302 is measured with a feeler gauge, and the coaxiality is judged by the uniformity of the gap.

[0065] S9. After the inspection is completed, the inspection device is subjected to low-temperature treatment and removed from the current drive hole 302 for inspection of the next drive hole 302; specifically, low-temperature CO2 is introduced into the air intake structure of the inspection device for low-temperature treatment.

[0066] In some embodiments, step S1 includes:

[0067] S11. Deploy the support column, hydraulic jack 500, and prepare screws 600 and pressure plates. The support column is located on one side of the hydraulic jack 500, which has a pressure feedback function. The hydraulic jack 500 can be equipped with a pressure sensor or a pressure gauge to achieve pressure feedback. The number of screws 600 is related to the weight of the gearbox 300, and the empirical formula is as follows: number of screws 600 = number of drive holes 302; and the screw 600 specification is greater than or equal to M36*4.

[0068] S12. Hoist the gearbox 300 onto the jack. The side wall of the gearbox 300 engages with the hydraulic jack 500. Record the pressure value P1 fed back by the hydraulic jack 500. That is, based on the feedback pressure value, it can be known that the pressure of the hydraulic jack 500 supporting the gearbox 300 is P1.

[0069] S13. Adjust the crane descent height so that the pressure feedback value P2 is 10%-30% of P1;

[0070] S14. Press the pressure plate onto the top end face of the gearbox, so that the bottom end of the gearbox abuts against the column, and lock the pressure plate to the column using screws; G 物 =F 摩擦 +F 支持力 The gearbox workpiece is circular in shape, and the supporting area at the bottom of the workpiece is extremely limited. The greater the supporting force, the greater the local stress and the greater the deformation.

[0071] In this fixture, the gearbox is supported laterally, increasing the support area. After the pressure plate is locked by the screw, the pressure plate presses the gearbox onto the column, increasing the friction between the column and the end face of the gearbox. When the friction is large, the pressure on the side wall support of the workpiece is greatly reduced, which can be verified based on the pressure feedback of the hydraulic jack. By increasing the friction, the support force on the workpiece is reduced, thereby reducing the deformation of the workpiece.

[0072] S15. After the pressure gauge reading stabilizes, the crane is disengaged; that is, after the support is stable and the effectiveness of the above support is verified, the crane is disengaged. Under this fixture, the overall deformation of the workpiece at the reference circle position in the vertical state is less than 0.05mm, thus ensuring that the position of the drive hole meets the requirements of the drawing.

[0073] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0074] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inspection device for machining shield tunnel drive holes (302), characterized in that, The inspection device includes a column (100), on which a coaxial first mating structure (101) and a second mating structure (102) are respectively formed. An annular component (200) is provided outside the second mating structure (102) for coaxial positioning with a reference hole (301). The first mating structure (101) is constructed to a preset size to mate with the machined drive hole (302). The coefficient of thermal expansion of the first mating structure (101) or the column (100) is less than a preset value, while the coefficient of thermal expansion of the annular component (200) is greater than that of the column (100). The second mating structure (102) and the annular component (200) are assembled by heat fitting, and the inspection device is assembled with the workpiece to be tested by cold fitting. After reheating, the first mating structure... The uniformity of the gap between the structure (101) and the driving hole (302) is used to verify the coaxiality between the driving hole (302) and the control hole (301); the inspection device is provided with an air-guiding structure for introducing low-temperature gas or low-temperature liquid; the air-guiding structure includes a first hole segment (103) arranged along the axial direction of the column (100), the column (100) is also provided with a plurality of second hole segments (104) connected to the outer wall of the first hole segment (103) and the second mating structure (102), the annular part (200) is provided with air-guiding holes (201) matching the circumferential distribution position of the second hole segment (104), and the two ends of the air-guiding holes (201) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the annular part (200) and the end face of the annular part (200).

2. The inspection device for machining shield tunnel drive holes (302) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning structure (400) is provided between the annular component (200) and the column (100) for axial and / or circumferential positioning between the annular component (200) and the column (100).

3. The inspection device for machining shield tunnel drive holes (302) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning structure (400) is set after the second mating structure (102) and the annular part (200) are heat-fitted together; the outer circle of the annular part (200) and the first mating structure (101) are machined together after the column (100) and the annular part (200) are assembled.

4. The inspection device for machining shield tunnel drive holes (302) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column (100) includes a first shaft segment (106), a second shaft segment (107), and a connecting structure (105) connecting the first shaft segment (106) and the second shaft segment (107). The first mating structure (101) is disposed on the first shaft segment (106), and the second mating structure (102) is disposed on the second shaft segment (107).

5. The inspection device for machining shield tunnel drive holes (302) according to claim 4, characterized in that, A heat insulation element (108) is provided between the first shaft segment (106) and the second shaft segment (107).

6. The inspection device for machining shield tunnel drive holes (302) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The outer circle of the ring (200) is matched with the upper limit of the tolerance of the reference hole (301); the size of the first mating structure (101) is reduced by a preset value compared with the nominal diameter of the driving hole (302).

7. A method for processing shield tunneling drive holes, characterized in that, The application includes the inspection device for processing shield tunnel drive holes according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the processing method includes: S1. Gearbox in tooling awaiting processing; S2. Alignment and determination of the machining coordinate system; S3. Rough machining of the current drive hole of the gearbox; S4. Natural aging; S5. Semi-finishing, finishing; S6. Verification; S7. After the testing device is subjected to low-temperature treatment, it is cold-loaded into the reference hole; S8. After the temperature returns to normal, measure the gap between the first mating structure and the drive hole using a feeler gauge, and judge the coaxiality by the uniformity of the gap. S9. After the inspection is completed, the inspection device is subjected to low temperature treatment and removed from the current drive hole for inspection of the next drive hole.

8. The method for processing shield tunneling drive holes according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S11. Set up the support column and hydraulic jack, prepare the screw and pressure plate, with the support column located on one side of the hydraulic jack, which has a pressure feedback function. S12. Hoist the gearbox onto the jack, with the side wall of the gearbox engaging with the hydraulic jack, and record the pressure value P1 returned by the hydraulic jack; S13. Adjust the crane descent height so that the pressure feedback value P2 is 10%-30% of P1; S14. Press the pressure plate onto the top end face of the gearbox so that the bottom end of the gearbox abuts against the column, and lock the pressure plate to the column by means of screws; S15. After the pressure gauge reading stabilizes, the tractor will be uncoupled.

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