Energy storage cabin terminal remote upgrading method and system based on communication protocol optimization

Abstract

The application provides a communication protocol optimization-based energy storage cabin terminal remote upgrading method and system, relates to the technical field of digital information transmission, and comprises the following steps: deploying a bandwidth detection mechanism, adjusting an adaptive block transmission strategy, dividing upgrading firmware into M dynamic data packets, constructing a double-path transmission layer, configuring a double-path redundancy check mechanism, adopting a missing block query rule, using a local flash memory to cache hash check values of the received N dynamic data packets, analyzing a mapping relationship between a block index and a multi-path redundancy check mechanism, establishing a check mapping table, performing real-time check and state marking, comparing abnormal data packets, incrementally recombining the abnormal data packets, and configuring a remote upgrading process to perform an upgrading operation of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment. The application solves the technical problem that the energy storage cabin remote upgrading technology in the prior art mostly relies on a single communication path for data transmission, which leads to a lack of adaptability to a dynamic network environment, and further leads to insufficient data transmission reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital information transmission technology, and more specifically to a method and system for remotely upgrading energy storage cabin terminals based on optimized communication protocols. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of energy storage technology, energy storage terminal equipment is increasingly used in power, communication and other fields. To ensure that these devices can maintain efficient operation during long-term use, remote upgrades have become an important maintenance method. However, most existing remote upgrade technologies for energy storage modules rely on a single communication path for data transmission and do not fully consider complex environmental factors such as network bandwidth fluctuations, channel interference, and changes in device battery power. This results in a lack of adaptability to dynamic network environments, and consequently, ineffective retransmission and compensation when data packets are lost or transmitted incorrectly during transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a remote upgrade method and system for energy storage cabin terminals based on optimized communication protocols. It aims to solve the technical problem that most existing remote upgrade technologies for energy storage cabins rely on a single communication path for data transmission, do not fully consider interference from complex environments, and thus lack adaptability to dynamic network environments. Consequently, when data packets are lost or transmitted incorrectly during transmission, effective retransmission and compensation are not possible.

[0004] The first aspect disclosed in this application provides a remote upgrade method for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization. The method includes: deploying a bandwidth detection mechanism to adjust an adaptive block transmission strategy using PID-controlled block size adjustment, and dividing the upgrade firmware into M dynamic data packets based on real-time network bandwidth fluctuations; constructing a dual-path transmission layer on top of the communication protocol, wherein the dual-path transmission layer performs data block cross-verification using parallel transmission of cellular network and satellite link, and configuring a dual-path redundancy verification mechanism; at the data receiving port of the energy storage cabin terminal device, using a missing block query rule, and employing a local flash memory cache to store the hash verification values ​​of N received dynamic data packets (M≤N) in a critical boot process; simultaneously, based on the M dynamic data packets under the adaptive block transmission strategy, analyzing the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy verification mechanism, and establishing a verification mapping table; through the verification mapping table, performing real-time verification and status marking on the N received dynamic data packets, incrementally reassembling them after comparing with the verification abnormal data packets, and configuring a remote upgrade process to execute the upgrade operation of the energy storage cabin terminal device.

[0005] The second aspect of this application discloses a remote upgrade system for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization. This system is used in the aforementioned remote upgrade method for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization. The system includes: an upgrade firmware segmentation module for deploying a bandwidth detection mechanism to adjust an adaptive block transmission strategy based on PID control block size, segmenting the upgrade firmware into M dynamic data packets according to real-time network bandwidth fluctuations; a data block cross-validation module for constructing a dual-path transmission layer on top of the communication protocol, wherein the dual-path transmission layer performs data block cross-validation using parallel transmission of cellular network and satellite link, and configures a dual-path redundancy verification mechanism; and a hash verification module. The value caching module is used to cache the hash verification values ​​of N received dynamic data packets (M≤N) in the local flash memory of the data receiving port of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment, using a missing block query rule and a key guidance process. The mapping relationship analysis module is used to simultaneously analyze the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy verification mechanism based on the M dynamic data packets under the adaptive block transmission strategy, and establish a verification mapping table. The upgrade operation module is used to perform real-time verification and status marking on the N received dynamic data packets through the verification mapping table, perform incremental reassembly by comparing with the verification abnormal data packets, and configure a remote upgrade process to execute the upgrade operation of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment.

[0006] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following beneficial effects: By employing a bandwidth detection mechanism and PID control to adjust the block size, the firmware segmentation method can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time fluctuations in network bandwidth. The number and size of the dynamically segmented data packets are automatically optimized as network bandwidth changes. This strategy ensures that data transmission can be adaptively adjusted according to actual bandwidth conditions during firmware upgrades, thereby improving data transmission stability and efficiency. Constructing a dual-path transmission layer and using parallel transmission via cellular network and satellite links ensures that if one path fails or network quality degrades, the other path can continue transmitting data, enhancing system redundancy and fault tolerance. A dual-path redundancy verification mechanism allows for data verification using redundant data, ensuring data transmission reliability. A missing block query rule is used at the data receiving port. The system caches the hash checksums of received data packets in local flash memory, ensuring that any lost or corrupted data blocks during the upgrade process can be promptly detected and retransmitted. By analyzing the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy check mechanism, a checksum mapping table is established, which can quickly verify the checksum information of each data packet according to the mapping relationship, realizing real-time tracking of the status of each data block and improving the accuracy and fault tolerance of the firmware upgrade process. Through the checksum mapping table, real-time verification and status marking can accurately identify erroneous data blocks in transmission and perform incremental reassembly, thereby ensuring the stability and data integrity of the upgrade process. At the same time, configuring the remote upgrade process ensures that the device can operate as expected throughout the firmware upgrade process, improving the automation and intelligence of the firmware upgrade.

[0007] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the remote upgrade method for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization provided in this application embodiment.

[0009] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a remote upgrade system for an energy storage cabin terminal based on communication protocol optimization, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0010] Figure labeling: Upgrade firmware segmentation module 10, data block cross-validation module 20, hash check value caching module 30, mapping relationship analysis module 40, upgrade operation module 50. Detailed Implementation

[0011] This application provides a remote upgrade method and system for energy storage cabin terminals based on optimized communication protocols. This solves the technical problem that most existing remote upgrade technologies for energy storage cabins rely on a single communication path for data transmission, do not fully consider interference from complex environments, lack adaptability to dynamic network environments, and consequently cannot effectively retransmit or compensate for data packet loss or transmission errors during transmission.

[0012] After introducing the basic principles of this application, various non-limiting embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0013] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization is provided. The method includes: A bandwidth detection mechanism is deployed to adjust the adaptive block transmission strategy based on PID control block size, and the upgraded firmware is divided into M dynamic data packets according to real-time network bandwidth fluctuations.

[0014] Deploy a bandwidth probing mechanism to monitor network bandwidth fluctuations in real time and adjust data transmission strategies based on actual network conditions. The bandwidth probing mechanism determines the current available bandwidth by periodically measuring and analyzing the network bandwidth status. This process can utilize the feedback mechanism of the TCP / IP protocol or specially designed measurement tools such as Ping or bandwidth measurement tools.

[0015] PID control (Proportional-Integral-Derivative control) is a classic automatic control method. In this method, the PID controller dynamically adjusts the block size based on the real-time changes in network bandwidth through three control variables (proportional term, integral term, and derivative term). The proportional term adjusts the block size immediately according to the current changes in bandwidth, ensuring that fluctuations in network bandwidth can quickly affect the size of the data block. The integral term accumulates historical information about bandwidth fluctuations and adjusts the block size to avoid over-responding to temporary bandwidth fluctuations. The derivative term adjusts the block size based on the rate of change of bandwidth fluctuations to prevent overshoot or undershoot when bandwidth changes drastically.

[0016] The firmware file is divided into multiple small blocks based on network bandwidth fluctuations. Each small block is a dynamic data packet. The number of blocks M is dynamic and is adjusted according to network bandwidth fluctuations. These dynamic data packets can be transmitted simultaneously in the network, increasing transmission stability and efficiency. Furthermore, the size of each data packet will be adaptively adjusted to cope with different network bandwidth conditions.

[0017] A dual-path transmission layer is built on top of the communication protocol. The dual-path transmission layer performs cross-validation of data blocks through parallel transmission of cellular network and satellite link, and is configured with a dual-path redundancy verification mechanism.

[0018] Above the communication protocol, a dual-path transmission layer is built. The main function of this layer is to increase the reliability and fault tolerance of data transmission by utilizing the parallel transmission of cellular networks and satellite links. Cellular networks and satellite links have different characteristics in network transmission. Cellular networks have lower latency and higher bandwidth, while satellite links have higher latency but have a wider geographical coverage.

[0019] In the dual-path transport layer, each data block is transmitted in parallel through two paths. During the transmission of each data block, a cross-validation mechanism is used, that is, the data block is transmitted through two paths at the same time, and their reception is compared to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. If a problem is found in the data block transmitted through one path, it can be repaired by using the data block from the other path.

[0020] To ensure the reliability of data transmission during dual-path transmission, a dual-path redundancy check mechanism is also configured. This means that for each transmitted data block, redundancy checks will be performed on both paths. The check mechanism can be based on different algorithms, such as hash check, CRC check, etc. The redundancy check data transmitted on the two paths will be compared to ensure that there are no errors. If the check fails, the retransmission mechanism will be triggered to ensure that each data block in the firmware upgrade process arrives at the terminal device correctly.

[0021] At the data receiving port of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment, a missing block query rule is adopted, and the hash check value of the received N dynamic data packets is cached in the local flash memory for the critical boot process, where M≤N.

[0022] At the data receiving port of the energy storage terminal equipment, a missing block query rule is adopted. That is, after receiving a data packet, it is determined whether all data blocks have been received completely. Each dynamic data packet for firmware upgrade has a unique identifier and hash check value. When the device receives the data packet, it checks whether all the required data blocks have been received. If some data blocks are missing, the corresponding retransmission request for the missing data blocks is initiated.

[0023] Upon receiving each dynamic data packet, a hash check is performed. The hash values ​​of these received data blocks are stored in a local flash cache. This approach aims to provide rapid verification of received data blocks. The hash check values ​​in the flash cache can be quickly compared in subsequent processing to ensure the integrity and correctness of the data blocks. Through the critical bootstrapping process, it can be ensured that each received data block is correctly checked at each stage of data packet transmission to avoid potential transmission errors.

[0024] Meanwhile, based on the M dynamic data packets under the adaptive block transmission strategy, the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy check mechanism is analyzed, and a check mapping table is established.

[0025] To effectively verify the correctness and integrity of M dynamic data packets, it is necessary to analyze the packet segmentation index (i.e., the order and position of each data block) and the multi-path redundancy check mechanism. The multi-path redundancy check mechanism means that the same data block will be transmitted on different paths and verified by comparison through redundancy checks (such as hash values, CRC values, etc.). By establishing the mapping relationship of these data blocks, the redundant data transmitted on different paths can be verified to ensure that even if a problem occurs on one path, complete data can still be obtained from another path.

[0026] Based on the analysis of the block indexing and redundancy check mechanism described above, a check mapping table is established. The check mapping table records the check information of each dynamic data packet, including the redundancy check values ​​transmitted on different paths for each data block. The content of the check mapping table includes the hash check value of each data block, the redundancy check results of each data block on different paths, and the reception status of each data block (whether it was received completely, whether packet loss or corruption occurred, etc.). The check mapping table provides terminal devices with an efficient check and retransmission mechanism. Through the check mapping table, the device can accurately determine which data blocks have problems and which data blocks need to be retransmitted or incrementally reassembled.

[0027] The verification mapping table is used to perform real-time verification and status marking on the received N dynamic data packets. After incremental reassembly of the abnormal data packets, a remote upgrade process is configured to perform the upgrade operation of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment.

[0028] The status of each received dynamic data packet is tracked through a verification mapping table. Each received data packet is compared with a pre-calculated hash check value to ensure that the data packet has not been damaged or lost during transmission. The verification status of each data packet is marked as pass or fail. Pass means that the data packet has been successfully received and verified, while failure means that the data packet has encountered an error during transmission, verification failed, and the data may be lost or damaged.

[0029] During the verification process, data packets that fail verification are called verification error data packets. Verification error data packets may lead to incomplete or incorrect data during firmware upgrades. Incremental reassembly is performed step by step based on the verification error data packets. That is, normal data packets are incrementally reassembled according to the error data packets. Incremental reassembly refers to supplementing the content of normal data packets by utilizing the valid parts of the error data packets. Through the gradual reassembly of normal data packets, the number of error data packets will gradually decrease.

[0030] After completing verification, status marking, and incremental reassembly, the remote upgrade process is configured based on the reassembled complete data. The upgrade process includes transmitting the complete upgrade firmware to the storage of the energy storage terminal device and performing the actual device upgrade operation. The upgrade process includes writing firmware, system restart and verification, error handling, etc.

[0031] Furthermore, the method further includes real-time verification and status marking of N received dynamic data packets, and incremental reassembly of abnormal data packets. Using the path quality evaluation parameters in the verification mapping table, an appropriate transmission path is selected for each verification-abnormal data packet. Using the appropriate transmission path, when three consecutive verifications fail, a hybrid erasure coding strategy is activated to combine the original data block and redundant data block for retransmission according to a preset data ratio. At the same time, the size of the forward error correction window is dynamically adjusted based on the RTT delay measurement value of the appropriate transmission path.

[0032] Based on the path quality assessment parameters in the verification mapping table, the transmission quality of each path is evaluated. The path quality assessment parameters include, but are not limited to, signal strength, packet loss rate, latency, network load, etc. Based on these parameters, an appropriate transmission path is selected for each verification-abnormal data packet. The appropriate path is dynamically selected according to the network conditions to ensure that the data block can be transmitted through a path with better quality, thereby reducing the occurrence of errors and packet loss.

[0033] Using an adapted transmission path, if a data packet fails verification three times consecutively (e.g., due to packet loss, corruption, or mismatched hash values), the transmission of that data block is considered to have encountered a serious problem, requiring a more advanced error correction strategy. In this case, a hybrid erasure coding strategy is activated. This strategy combines the original data block with redundant data blocks and retransmits them according to a preset data ratio. Erasure coding (such as Reed-Solomon coding or Tornado coding) is a redundancy coding technique that combines data blocks with redundant data, allowing the lost data to be recovered even if some data is lost. Here, the original data block and redundant data block are combined according to a preset data ratio. This means that the terminal device will not only request the lost original data block but also utilize the redundant data block to help recover the lost data.

[0034] RTT refers to the time delay from sending a data packet to receiving a response. RTT is a key indicator for measuring network transmission latency; a high RTT value usually indicates significant transmission delay. Real-time measurement of the RTT value for the adapted transmission path helps understand the current network latency. Forward error correction (FEC) adds redundant information to the data, enabling the receiver to recover lost data without retransmission. In network transmission, FEC reduces the need for retransmissions due to packet loss and errors.

[0035] In this step, the size of the forward error correction window is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time measured RTT latency. The forward error correction window refers to the number of redundant data blocks sent during transmission. Generally, a larger window can tolerate more data loss, but it also requires more redundant information. The specific dynamic adjustment logic is as follows: If the path's RTT is large and the network latency is high, the size of the forward error correction window is increased. This is because high latency leads to increased retransmission waiting time, so increasing redundant information can help the receiver recover data better in the event of packet loss, without relying too much on retransmission. If the RTT is small and the network latency is low, the size of the forward error correction window is decreased, because lower latency means that data can be retransmitted faster, thus eliminating the need for a large amount of redundant data to ensure reliability.

[0036] Furthermore, a first transmission segment is obtained by using the key metadata block in the satellite link transmission index header of the dual-path transmission layer; a second transmission segment is obtained by using the cellular network in the dual-path transmission layer to transmit the mid-segment control logic block; and based on the verification mapping table, the first transmission segment and the second transmission segment are fused to determine the adapted transmission path.

[0037] Critical metadata blocks refer to metadata containing key information about the firmware upgrade process (such as version, functional modules, dependencies, etc.) and file structure. These data blocks are the information that must be transmitted first during the upgrade process because they contain the firmware description and necessary control logic. Satellite links, due to their wide coverage and stable signal, are typically used for long-distance transmission and are therefore suitable for transmitting these critical metadata blocks.

[0038] Mid-stage control logic blocks refer to the instructions and logic that control the upgrade process, such as status management, error handling, and progress tracking during firmware updates. These logic blocks are typically used to guide terminal devices on how to perform specific upgrade operations. Cellular networks generally offer lower latency and higher bandwidth, making them suitable for real-time transmission of control information; therefore, cellular networks are used to transmit control logic blocks.

[0039] The role of the verification mapping table in this step is to help determine whether the data received from the two paths are consistent and complete, and ultimately decide how to process these data segments. It records the verification values ​​of different data blocks and tracks their transmission status. The verification mapping table can store the hash verification value, path information, verification results, etc. of each transmission segment.

[0040] Based on the checksum mapping table, data segment fusion is performed on the first and second transmission segments. The purpose of fusion is to combine data blocks received from two different paths, ensuring that all received data blocks are logically and sequentially correct, and that no data blocks are lost or corrupted. The data segment fusion process may include comparing the checksum values ​​of the same data blocks transmitted on different paths using the checksum mapping table to ensure that no data blocks are lost or incorrect. If the segmented data transmitted on both paths is correct and complete, these segmented data are merged together to form a complete firmware file or upgrade package.

[0041] After the data segments are merged, the optimal adaptation transmission path is determined by verifying the mapping table. The adaptation path refers to selecting the most suitable path for transmitting the remaining data blocks based on the path quality assessment (such as latency, bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc.).

[0042] Furthermore, a version difference index is established, and firmware modules are mapped to tree nodes of the version difference index according to their functional partitions. The leaf nodes of the version difference index are associated with the hash check values ​​and storage offsets of N dynamic data packets. Based on the version difference index, the received incremental data blocks are pre-filtered. The first filter layer verifies the version identifier of the incremental data block, and the second filter layer is used to detect the dependency relationship between the incremental data block and the key metadata block. During the pre-filtering of incremental data blocks, a sliding window count is performed. When the sliding window detects U consecutive unmodified data blocks, the local cache is directly called to verify the result, where U≥5.

[0043] During firmware upgrades, the version difference index is used to record the differences between different versions and help locate which parts of the firmware need to be updated. Firmware modules are divided according to their functions, and the location and version information of each functional module in the firmware file need to be accurately tracked and managed. The version difference index is organized in a tree structure, mapping each functional module to a tree node of the index. Each tree node represents a functional module or a version difference of a module. This helps the system quickly locate the modules and differences that need to be updated during the upgrade process.

[0044] The leaf nodes of the version difference index are associated with the hash checksums and storage offsets of N dynamic data packets. Each data packet contains specific firmware content or data blocks. The hash checksums are used to verify data integrity. The hash checksums ensure the consistency and integrity of firmware data block transmission and storage during the upgrade process, and prevent data from being damaged during transmission or storage.

[0045] Firmware upgrades typically involve incremental data blocks, which contain only the parts that have changed compared to the current firmware version. These incremental data blocks need to be verified and filtered to ensure their validity and correctness. First, the version identifier of the incremental data block is verified, checking if the version number matches expectations and comparing it with the version information in the version difference index. Only when the version identifier matches the system's expectations will the data block continue processing. Next, the dependencies between these incremental data blocks and critical metadata blocks are checked. If dependencies exist—for example, an update to one module depends on updates to other modules—the system needs to verify that the order and dependencies of these incremental data blocks are correct; otherwise, it will request retransmission or ignore these data blocks.

[0046] To improve the efficiency of data verification, a sliding window counting method is used. This method checks consecutive unmodified incremental data blocks to avoid redundant verification each time. The sliding window refers to maintaining a sliding window in the incremental data block, which contains a series of incremental data blocks. It determines whether the verification of some data blocks can be skipped based on the status of consecutive data blocks (whether they have been modified). If U consecutive data blocks (U≥5) have not been modified in the sliding window, the verification results can be directly called from the local cache without recalculating the hash value or verification of these data blocks. This greatly improves the efficiency of the upgrade process and avoids unnecessary duplication of work.

[0047] Furthermore, the method of configuring a remote upgrade process to perform upgrade operations on the energy storage module terminal equipment also includes: During the upgrade of the energy storage compartment terminal equipment, when the battery voltage is lower than the safety threshold, the transmission power level is adjusted according to the current state of charge of the energy storage compartment terminal equipment; based on the adjusted transmission power level, the system switches to a low-power narrowband IoT communication mode and optimizes the ratio between the data packet transmission interval and the sleep cycle.

[0048] During firmware upgrades, the device's battery voltage may drop due to prolonged operation or other reasons. When the battery voltage falls below the safety threshold, insufficient battery power will be detected. At this point, measures need to be taken to prevent excessive battery consumption and ensure the device's continuous operation.

[0049] State of charge (SOC) refers to the current state of charge of the battery, usually expressed as a percentage. When the battery is low, the device's transmit power level is adjusted based on the current SOC. Specifically, if the battery is low, the transmit power level is reduced to extend battery life and ensure that firmware upgrades are not interrupted due to battery depletion. Transmit power adjustment is achieved through a power control algorithm, which sets the most suitable power level based on real-time battery voltage and SOC. Adjusting the transmit power not only helps save battery power but also ensures stable communication.

[0050] Based on the adjusted transmit power level, the device switches to a low-power narrowband IoT communication mode to reduce energy consumption. Narrowband IoT communication is a communication technology suitable for low-power, long-distance transmission, primarily used for communication in IoT devices. It features low power consumption and long standby time. By switching to low-power narrowband IoT communication mode, the device can significantly reduce power consumption while maintaining communication. This is especially important when battery power is low, as it extends the device's communication capability under low power conditions, ensuring that firmware upgrades can continue uninterrupted.

[0051] The ratio between data packet transmission intervals and sleep cycles is optimized. Specifically, when the device enters low-power mode, it no longer sends data packets frequently; instead, the interval between data packet transmissions is increased to reduce energy consumption. In low-power mode, the device periodically enters sleep mode to reduce unnecessary energy consumption, and the device only wakes up from sleep mode when data transmission or task execution is required. By optimizing the ratio between data packet transmission intervals and sleep cycles, battery power can be saved to the maximum extent without affecting firmware upgrades. This reasonable ratio can reduce communication frequency and power consumption while maintaining communication needs, avoiding excessive battery drain due to frequent communication.

[0052] Furthermore, the method further includes switching to a low-power narrowband IoT communication mode based on the adjusted transmit power level. Based on the adjusted transmit power level, the signal transmission efficiency is matched under different channel conditions; when electromagnetic interference exceeds the limit, the interference spectrum is scanned by a broadband digital array radar, and the signal transmission efficiency under the different channel conditions is combined to perform collaborative reconstruction of the chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer and the dual-path transmission layer; wherein, the chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer and the dual-path transmission layer are complementary.

[0053] In wireless communication, signal transmission efficiency is typically affected by channel conditions. Different channel conditions (such as signal strength, bandwidth, delay, and noise) directly impact signal quality and transmission rate. Adjusting the transmit power level allows for evaluation of signal transmission efficiency based on current channel conditions. Higher transmit power results in a wider signal range and stronger signal, but also consumes more battery power; conversely, lower transmit power saves energy but may lead to a decrease in signal quality.

[0054] Based on real-time channel conditions in the environment, such as wireless interference, path loss, and signal attenuation, the system automatically selects the optimal signal transmission strategy. When the signal quality is good, it can choose an efficient transmission method to provide a higher data rate; while when the signal is weak or the interference is strong, it adjusts the transmission parameters (such as reducing the data rate and increasing redundancy checks) to ensure the reliability of data transmission.

[0055] In wireless communication, electromagnetic interference is one of the main factors causing signal quality degradation. When devices are in environments with strong electromagnetic interference, communication quality may be significantly affected, leading to problems such as packet loss and increased latency. By scanning the interference spectrum with a broadband digital array radar to identify and locate the frequency bands where interference exists, this radar system can detect abnormal activity and interference sources in the spectrum, providing detailed information about the interference and helping the system select a more suitable frequency band for data transmission.

[0056] When electromagnetic interference exceeds the limit, the signal transmission strategy is adjusted based on the scanning results of the interference spectrum. This involves the collaborative reconstruction of the chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer and the dual-path transmission layer. The chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer is a technique that uses random frequency hopping to effectively avoid the continuous impact of interference in the frequency band. It dynamically switches frequencies and uses chaotic algorithms to skip the interfered frequency band, ensuring unimpeded signal transmission. By simultaneously utilizing two independent communication paths (including cellular networks and satellite links), even if one path encounters interference, the other path can still guarantee data transmission, thereby achieving redundancy and fault tolerance.

[0057] Chaotic frequency hopping transmission layers and dual-path transmission layers each possess distinct advantages. Chaotic frequency hopping avoids interference through random frequency transitions, while dual-path transmission utilizes redundant paths to improve data transmission reliability. These two technologies are highly complementary and can work together in different scenarios. Specifically, when the channel is subject to strong interference, frequency hopping can help skip interference segments, avoiding data loss or transmission interruption caused by interference. Even if chaotic frequency hopping fails to completely avoid interference, the other path can still continue transmitting data, ensuring no data loss.

[0058] Furthermore, based on the adjusted transmit power level, the method matches the signal transmission efficiency under different channel conditions, and further includes: When the CAN bus load rate rises abnormally, configure upgrade performance evaluation indicators, and use these indicators to monitor the battery management response latency and communication error rate after firmware update in real time; based on the battery management response latency and communication error rate after firmware update, aggregate multi-node operating data, and configure a traffic shaping mechanism in the Ethernet switch.

[0059] The CAN bus is a network connecting multiple devices and sensors. In the CAN bus, devices and modules communicate with each other via the bus. Under normal circumstances, the bus load is acceptable, but when the load rate abnormally increases, it may lead to decreased communication efficiency, or even data loss or increased latency. Abnormal increases in load rate are usually caused by network congestion, transmission errors, device overload, or sudden data transmission during firmware upgrades. To solve this problem, it is necessary to dynamically monitor load changes and make corresponding adjustments.

[0060] When an abnormal surge in CAN bus load rate is detected, configuration upgrade performance evaluation metrics are used to assess the performance after firmware upgrade in real time. These metrics include battery management response latency and communication error rate. Battery management response latency refers to the potential change in the response time of the battery management system after firmware upgrade. Real-time monitoring of battery management response latency ensures that the upgraded battery management system can efficiently execute commands and provide feedback. Communication error rate measures the frequency of data errors during transmission. An excessively high error rate indicates signal interference or problems in the data transmission process, affecting the stability of firmware upgrade. Real-time monitoring of the communication error rate ensures the accuracy of data during firmware upgrade.

[0061] When battery management response latency is long or communication error rate is high, it may lead to performance degradation or device instability during the upgrade process. Based on changes in these two metrics, corresponding measures are taken to optimize network and device performance. Specifically, to comprehensively evaluate the effect of the firmware update, operational data is collected from multiple nodes. This data includes the battery management status, communication quality, and load of each terminal device. Traffic shaping is a network traffic management technique that controls the data packet sending rate and adjusts the timing of data transmission to avoid network congestion and excessive load. Based on the aggregated multi-node data, a traffic shaping mechanism is configured to adjust the data stream transmission rate and priority. This balances network traffic under high load conditions, ensuring that important data (such as battery management commands) can be transmitted preferentially, preventing network congestion from affecting the firmware upgrade process.

[0062] Furthermore, when the CAN bus load rate abnormally increases, the method also includes: Based on the abnormal CAN bus load rate, a fault probability distribution heatmap is generated. Using the impedance spectrum phase characteristics of the heatmap, physical damage points in the cable are located. At these physical damage points, signal attenuation is dynamically compensated using an adaptive impedance matching network. Combined with the spatial distribution density of the physical damage points in the heatmap, the message fragmentation strategy of the dual-path transmission layer is adjusted. This strategy encapsulates critical control commands into high-priority microframes.

[0063] Under normal circumstances, the load rate of the CAN bus is controllable. However, when the load rate abnormally increases, it may affect the quality of data transmission, leading to communication delays, data loss, or errors. Based on the abnormal CAN bus load rate, a fault probability distribution heatmap is generated. This heatmap shows the probability distribution of faults at different locations in the network, helping to identify areas that may have physical damage or signal attenuation problems. The color or intensity in the heatmap represents the probability of faults in different areas. For example, redder areas in the heatmap represent areas with more severe signal loss, while greener areas represent areas with normal signal transmission.

[0064] Impedance spectrum is the result of frequency analysis of the impedance characteristics of a signal. Each signal path will exhibit specific impedance spectrum phase characteristics. These characteristics can reflect the loss and reflection in signal transmission. By analyzing the impedance spectrum phase characteristics, the line parts that may cause signal attenuation can be identified. Combined with the results of the fault probability distribution heat map, the specific physical damage point can be located. This helps to accurately find the source of signal problems and provides a basis for subsequent compensation and repair.

[0065] Adaptive impedance matching technology is used to compensate for signal attenuation caused by line damage or mismatch. By adjusting the impedance of various parts of the network, the signal can be transmitted smoothly, reducing reflection and signal loss. Based on the real-time detection of physical damage points in the cable, the impedance matching is dynamically adjusted to restore signal quality to the maximum extent and ensure the complete transmission of data.

[0066] Taking into account the spatial distribution density of physical damage points in the heat map, which represents the distribution of damage points in physical space, helps determine which parts suffer the most severe signal attenuation and which parts may only be slightly affected. Based on this information, more precise signal compensation measures can be taken in specific areas.

[0067] In the presence of physical damage, the packet fragmentation strategy of the dual-path transport layer is adjusted. The packet fragmentation strategy is used to split large data packets into smaller chunks for transmission to reduce the risk of packet loss. The packet fragmentation strategy is used to: encapsulate critical control commands into high-priority microframes to ensure that these important commands can be transmitted through the network first, avoiding delays or loss due to network problems. By optimizing the fragmentation strategy, it is ensured that control information and upgrade data can reach the target device accurately and in a timely manner.

[0068] Furthermore, at the point of physical damage to the cable, signal attenuation is dynamically compensated using an adaptive impedance matching network. The method includes: When a damage to the coaxial cable shield is detected, a segmented isolation mechanism is activated, mapping the fault isolation segment to the red alarm area of ​​the fault probability distribution heatmap. Through spatial correlation analysis between the time-domain reflectometry measurement results and the fault probability distribution heatmap, fault injection test cases are generated. These test cases are used to verify the fault tolerance and recovery capabilities of the communication protocol stack. Simultaneously, isolated repeaters are deployed at both ends of the fault isolation segment.

[0069] The shielding layer of a coaxial cable plays a crucial role in reducing external electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation during transmission. When the shielding layer is damaged, the signal becomes susceptible to external interference, leading to decreased transmission quality, increased bit error rate, and even complete data loss. Segmentation isolation is a technique that isolates damaged sections to prevent the damaged signal path from affecting other normally functioning paths.

[0070] When a damage to the coaxial cable shield is detected, the damaged area is isolated using a segmented isolation mechanism based on the specific location of the fault. The isolated fault segment is mapped to a red alarm area on the fault probability distribution heatmap, indicating a serious problem requiring special attention. This isolation mechanism ensures that normal signal transmission is not affected by the damaged area, thereby guaranteeing uninterrupted operation of the equipment and firmware upgrades.

[0071] A time-domain reflectometer (TDRI) is a tool used to detect the location and nature of faults in signal lines. It determines the point of damage in a cable by sending a signal and analyzing the time delay of the reflected signal. The TDRI measurement results are used to accurately locate the damaged area. For example, if the cable shielding is damaged, the reflectometer can detect abnormal signal reflection and accurately identify the physical location of the damage.

[0072] By analyzing the spatial correlation between measurement results and the fault probability distribution heatmap, damaged areas are associated with areas in the heatmap. Spatial correlation analysis helps understand the impact range of faulty areas throughout the communication network. For example, the physical location of the damage may cause signal attenuation to be more severe in some areas and less affected in others. Based on spatial analysis, fault injection test cases are generated to simulate fault injection into the network and test the fault tolerance and recovery capabilities of the communication protocol stack in the face of different fault scenarios. Through these test cases, it can be verified whether the communication protocol stack can correctly identify and restore data transmission when a fault occurs, ensuring that the system can automatically repair itself and continue firmware upgrades when problems occur.

[0073] A repeater is a network device used to extend the transmission distance of a signal and enhance its strength. In the face of physical damage, repeaters can help restore the signal and ensure the complete transmission of data. An isolated repeater is a special type of repeater that can effectively isolate faulty areas in a network. It is typically installed at both ends of the fault isolation section to restore the signal and ensure uninterrupted data transmission.

[0074] When a damage to the shielding layer of a coaxial cable is detected, isolation repeaters are deployed at both ends of the fault isolation section. The repeaters can enhance signal transmission on both sides of the fault section, ensuring that data can be successfully transmitted from one area to another. At the same time, they can also physically isolate the damaged area from the normal area, thereby avoiding a wider range of communication interruptions caused by the propagation of the fault.

[0075] In summary, the remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization provided in this application has the following technical effects: By employing a bandwidth detection mechanism and PID control to adjust the block size, the firmware segmentation method can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time fluctuations in network bandwidth. The number and size of the dynamically segmented data packets are automatically optimized as network bandwidth changes. This strategy ensures that data transmission can be adaptively adjusted according to actual bandwidth conditions during firmware upgrades, thereby improving data transmission stability and efficiency. Constructing a dual-path transmission layer and using parallel transmission via cellular network and satellite links ensures that if one path fails or network quality degrades, the other path can continue transmitting data, enhancing system redundancy and fault tolerance. A dual-path redundancy verification mechanism allows for data verification using redundant data, ensuring data transmission reliability. A missing block query rule is used at the data receiving port. The system caches the hash checksums of received data packets in local flash memory, ensuring that any lost or corrupted data blocks during the upgrade process can be promptly detected and retransmitted. By analyzing the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy check mechanism, a checksum mapping table is established, which can quickly verify the checksum information of each data packet according to the mapping relationship, realizing real-time tracking of the status of each data block and improving the accuracy and fault tolerance of the firmware upgrade process. Through the checksum mapping table, real-time verification and status marking can accurately identify erroneous data blocks in transmission and perform incremental reassembly, thereby ensuring the stability and data integrity of the upgrade process. At the same time, configuring the remote upgrade process ensures that the device can operate as expected throughout the firmware upgrade process, improving the automation and intelligence of the firmware upgrade.

[0076] Example 2, based on the same inventive concept as the remote upgrade method for energy storage cabin terminals optimized based on communication protocols in the foregoing examples, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides a remote upgrade system for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization. The system includes: The upgrade firmware segmentation module 10 is used to deploy a bandwidth detection mechanism to adjust the adaptive segmentation transmission strategy based on PID control block size, and segment the upgrade firmware into M dynamic data packets according to real-time network bandwidth fluctuations; the data block cross-verification module 20 is used to build a dual-path transmission layer on top of the communication protocol. The dual-path transmission layer performs data block cross-verification using parallel transmission of cellular network and satellite link, and configures a dual-path redundancy verification mechanism; the hash check value caching module 30 is used to cache the hash check values ​​of N received dynamic data packets in the local flash memory of the energy storage cabin terminal device using a missing block query rule, where M≤N; the mapping relationship analysis module 40 is used to analyze the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy verification mechanism based on the M dynamic data packets under the adaptive segmentation transmission strategy, and establish a verification mapping table; the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform real-time verification and status marking on the N received dynamic data packets through the verification mapping table, perform incremental reassembly by comparing with the verification abnormal data packets, and configure a remote upgrade process to execute the upgrade operation of the energy storage cabin terminal device.

[0077] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: Using the path quality evaluation parameters in the verification mapping table, an appropriate transmission path is selected for each verification-abnormal data packet. Using the appropriate transmission path, when three consecutive verifications fail, a hybrid erasure coding strategy is activated to combine the original data block and redundant data block for retransmission according to a preset data ratio. At the same time, the size of the forward error correction window is dynamically adjusted based on the RTT delay measurement value of the appropriate transmission path.

[0078] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: A first transmission segment is obtained by using the key metadata block in the satellite link transmission index header of the dual-path transmission layer; a second transmission segment is obtained by using the cellular network used for transmission mid-segment control logic block in the dual-path transmission layer; and the first and second transmission segments are fused based on the verification mapping table to determine the adapted transmission path.

[0079] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: A version difference index is established, and firmware modules are mapped to tree nodes of the version difference index according to their functional partitions. The leaf nodes of the version difference index are associated with the hash check values ​​and storage offsets of N dynamic data packets. Based on the version difference index, the received incremental data blocks are pre-filtered. The first filter layer verifies the version identifier of the incremental data block, and the second filter layer is used to detect the dependency relationship between the incremental data block and the key metadata block. During the pre-filtering of incremental data blocks, a sliding window count is performed. When the sliding window detects U consecutive unmodified data blocks, the local cache is directly called to verify the result, where U≥5.

[0080] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: During the upgrade of the energy storage compartment terminal equipment, when the battery voltage is lower than the safety threshold, the transmission power level is adjusted according to the current state of charge of the energy storage compartment terminal equipment; based on the adjusted transmission power level, the system switches to a low-power narrowband IoT communication mode and optimizes the ratio between the data packet transmission interval and the sleep cycle.

[0081] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: Based on the adjusted transmit power level, the signal transmission efficiency is matched under different channel conditions; when electromagnetic interference exceeds the limit, the interference spectrum is scanned by a broadband digital array radar, and the signal transmission efficiency under the different channel conditions is combined to perform collaborative reconstruction of the chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer and the dual-path transmission layer; wherein, the chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer and the dual-path transmission layer are complementary.

[0082] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: When the CAN bus load rate rises abnormally, configure upgrade performance evaluation indicators, and use these indicators to monitor the battery management response latency and communication error rate after firmware update in real time; based on the battery management response latency and communication error rate after firmware update, aggregate multi-node operating data, and configure a traffic shaping mechanism in the Ethernet switch.

[0083] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: Based on the abnormal CAN bus load rate, a fault probability distribution heatmap is generated. Using the impedance spectrum phase characteristics of the heatmap, physical damage points in the cable are located. At these physical damage points, signal attenuation is dynamically compensated using an adaptive impedance matching network. Combined with the spatial distribution density of the physical damage points in the heatmap, the message fragmentation strategy of the dual-path transmission layer is adjusted. This strategy encapsulates critical control commands into high-priority microframes.

[0084] Furthermore, the upgrade operation module 50 is used to perform the following operation steps: When a damage to the coaxial cable shield is detected, a segmented isolation mechanism is activated, mapping the fault isolation segment to the red alarm area of ​​the fault probability distribution heatmap. Through spatial correlation analysis between the time-domain reflectometry measurement results and the fault probability distribution heatmap, fault injection test cases are generated. These test cases are used to verify the fault tolerance and recovery capabilities of the communication protocol stack. Simultaneously, isolated repeaters are deployed at both ends of the fault isolation segment.

[0085] Through the foregoing detailed description of the remote upgrade method for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the remote upgrade system for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization in this embodiment. Since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0086] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on optimized communication protocols, characterized in that, The method includes: Deploy a bandwidth detection mechanism to adjust the adaptive block transmission strategy based on PID control block size, and divide the upgraded firmware into M dynamic data packets according to real-time network bandwidth fluctuations; A dual-path transmission layer is built on top of the communication protocol. The dual-path transmission layer performs cross-verification of data blocks using parallel transmission of cellular network and satellite link, and is configured with a dual-path redundancy verification mechanism. At the data receiving port of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment, a missing block query rule is adopted, and the hash check value of the received N dynamic data packets is cached in the local flash memory for the critical boot process, where M≤N; Meanwhile, based on the M dynamic data packets under the adaptive block transmission strategy, the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy check mechanism is analyzed, and a check mapping table is established. The verification mapping table is used to perform real-time verification and status marking on the received N dynamic data packets. After incremental reassembly of the abnormal data packets, the remote upgrade process is configured to perform the upgrade operation of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment. The method further includes performing real-time verification and status marking on N received dynamic data packets, and incrementally reassembling the packets by comparing them with those that show abnormalities. By using the path quality evaluation parameters in the verification mapping table, an appropriate transmission path is selected for each verification-abnormal data packet; Using the aforementioned adapted transmission path, when three consecutive verifications fail, the hybrid erasure coding strategy is activated, and the original data block and redundant data block are combined and retransmitted according to a preset data ratio. Meanwhile, the size of the forward error correction window is dynamically adjusted based on the RTT delay measurement value of the adapted transmission path.

2. The remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmission segment is obtained by transmitting the key metadata block in the satellite link transmission index header of the dual-path transmission layer; The second transmission segment is obtained by using the cellular network at the dual-path transmission layer to transmit the mid-section control logic block; Based on the verification mapping table, the first transmission segment and the second transmission segment are fused to determine the adapted transmission path.

3. The remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Establish a version difference index, and map firmware modules to tree nodes of the version difference index according to functional partitions. The leaf nodes of the version difference index are associated with the hash check value and storage offset of N dynamic data packets. Based on the version difference index, the received incremental data blocks are pre-filtered, wherein the first filtering layer verifies the version identifier of the incremental data block, and the second filtering layer is used to detect the dependency relationship between the incremental data block and the key metadata block. During the pre-screening process of incremental data blocks, a sliding window count is performed. When the sliding window detects U consecutive unmodified data, the local cache is directly called to verify the result, where U≥5.

4. The remote upgrade method for energy storage cabin terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes configuring a remote upgrade process to perform upgrade operations on the energy storage module terminal equipment, and the method also includes: During the upgrade operation of the energy storage compartment terminal equipment, when the battery voltage is lower than the safety threshold, the transmission power level is adjusted according to the current state of charge of the energy storage compartment terminal equipment. Based on the adjusted transmit power level, switch to low-power narrowband IoT communication mode and optimize the ratio between data packet transmission interval and sleep cycle.

5. The remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the adjusted transmit power level, the method further includes switching to a low-power narrowband IoT communication mode, and the method also includes: Based on the adjusted transmit power level, match the signal transmission efficiency under different channel conditions; When electromagnetic interference exceeds the limit, the interference spectrum is scanned by a broadband digital array radar, and the signal transmission efficiency under different channel conditions is combined to perform collaborative reconstruction of the chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer and the dual-path transmission layer. The chaotic frequency hopping transmission layer is complementary to the dual-path transmission layer.

6. The remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the adjusted transmit power level, the method further includes matching the signal transmission efficiency under different channel conditions with the signal transmission efficiency. When the CAN bus load rate rises abnormally, configure an upgrade performance evaluation index and use the upgrade performance evaluation index to monitor the battery management response latency and communication error rate after firmware update in real time. Based on the battery management response latency and communication error rate after the firmware update, aggregate the operating data of multiple nodes and configure a traffic shaping mechanism in the Ethernet switch.

7. The remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the CAN bus load rate abnormally increases, the method further includes: Based on the abnormal CAN bus load rate, a fault probability distribution heatmap is drawn up. Based on the impedance spectrum phase characteristics of the fault probability distribution heatmap, the physical damage points of the cable are located. At the physical damage point of the cable, the signal attenuation is dynamically compensated by an adaptive impedance matching network. Combined with the spatial distribution density of the physical damage point of the cable in the fault probability distribution heatmap, the message fragmentation strategy of the dual-path transmission layer is adjusted. The message fragmentation strategy is used to encapsulate key control commands into high-priority microframes.

8. The remote upgrade method for energy storage module terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in claim 7, characterized in that, At the point of physical damage to the cable, signal attenuation is dynamically compensated using an adaptive impedance matching network. The method includes: When a damage to the shielding layer of a coaxial cable is detected, the segmented isolation mechanism is activated, and the fault isolation segment is mapped to the red alarm area of ​​the fault probability distribution heatmap. By analyzing the spatial correlation between the time-domain reflectometry measurement results and the fault probability distribution heatmap, fault injection test cases are generated. These test cases are used to verify the fault tolerance and recovery capabilities of the communication protocol stack. Meanwhile, isolated repeaters are deployed at both ends of the fault isolation section.

9. A remote upgrade system for energy storage compartment terminals based on optimized communication protocols, characterized in that: For implementing the remote upgrade method for energy storage compartment terminals based on communication protocol optimization as described in any one of claims 1-8, the system comprises: Upgrade the firmware segmentation module to deploy a bandwidth detection mechanism, adjust the adaptive block transmission strategy based on PID control block size, and segment the upgraded firmware into M dynamic data packets according to real-time network bandwidth fluctuations. The data block cross-validation module is used to build a dual-path transmission layer on top of the communication protocol. The dual-path transmission layer performs data block cross-validation with parallel transmission of cellular network and satellite link, and is configured with a dual-path redundancy verification mechanism. The hash check value caching module is used in the data receiving port of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment to cache the hash check values ​​of N received dynamic data packets in the local flash memory, where M≤N, using the missing block query rule. The mapping relationship analysis module is used to simultaneously analyze the mapping relationship between the block index and the multi-path redundancy check mechanism based on M dynamic data packets under the adaptive block transmission strategy, and establish a check mapping table. The upgrade operation module is used to perform real-time verification and status marking on the received N dynamic data packets through the verification mapping table, perform incremental reassembly by comparing with the verification abnormal data packets, and configure the remote upgrade process to execute the upgrade operation of the energy storage cabin terminal equipment.

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