Agricultural field residual film fragment recycling device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of farmland residual film fragment recovery device and method, belong to agricultural machinery technical field, including frame, installation in frame and sequentially arranged along the direction of travel broken soil wheel, roll throwing cylinder, impurity removal conveyor belt, net conveyor belt, fan and residual film collection box;The outer periphery of broken soil wheel is equipped with broken component, for broken soil block when rotating with broken soil wheel;The outer periphery of roll throwing cylinder is equipped with arc-shaped soil throwing plate distributed at intervals, for broken soil block is thrown to impurity removal conveyor belt;Impurity removal conveyor belt is equipped with impurity removal component, for making soil block that falls down to drop back farmland and intercept residual film, crop residue;Net conveyor belt receives residual film, crop residue on impurity removal conveyor belt, and adsorbs residual film, so that crop residue falls back farmland;Fan is used for blowing residual film on net conveyor belt into residual film collection box;The application can recover broken residual film in farmland, reduce the influence of residual film on environment, provide strong technical support for sustainable development of agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a device and method for recycling agricultural film residue fragments. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic mulch is widely used in crop cultivation because it is beneficial to crop development. However, in the process of traditional agricultural development, we often only focus on the use of plastic mulch and neglect its recycling, resulting in a large amount of plastic mulch remaining in the fields. The plastic mulch currently in use is difficult to decompose in the soil. The long-term presence of plastic mulch in the soil will affect the growth and development of crop roots, resulting in reduced crop yields and income.

[0003] Most mainstream plastic film recycling machines on the market currently employ purely mechanical recycling methods. However, these machines primarily target deeper, larger, and less wind-eroded intact plastic film residues. Their recycling efficiency is less than ideal for fragmented residues on the surface of farmland. This is mainly because fragmented plastic film is small, dispersed, and easily mixes with soil, crop residues, and other impurities, making it difficult for purely mechanical recycling methods to effectively identify and separate it. Therefore, when dealing with the recycling of fragmented plastic film, purely mechanical recycling machines often fall short, failing to meet the comprehensive and efficient requirements for agricultural plastic film recycling.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a device and method for recycling agricultural film fragments to efficiently recycle fragmented agricultural film is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies and shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a device and method for recycling agricultural film fragments, which can efficiently recycle fragmented agricultural film in farmland, reduce the environmental impact of film fragments, and provide strong technical support for sustainable agricultural development.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a device for recycling residual plastic film fragments in farmland, characterized in that it comprises: a movable frame, and a soil-crushing wheel, a scattering drum, a debris-removing conveyor belt, a mesh conveyor belt, a blower, and a residual plastic film collection box, all installed on the frame and arranged sequentially along the direction of travel; the soil-crushing wheel can rotate with the movement of the frame, and its outer circumferential surface is provided with crushing components for crushing soil clods; the scattering drum can rotate relative to the frame, and its outer circumferential surface is provided with spaced-apart arc-shaped soil-throwing plates, which are bent toward the debris-removing conveyor belt to throw the crushed soil clods toward the conveyor belt; the inclined debris-removing conveyor belt is provided with parallel and spaced debris-removing components. The system includes a perforated gap between adjacent soil removal components to allow rolled-off soil clods to fall back into the farmland. Each soil removal component includes a base plate and at least two axle teeth on the base plate, with adjacent axle teeth spaced apart to allow soil clods to roll off and trap residual film and crop residues. The first end of the mesh conveyor belt is located below the end of the soil removal conveyor belt. The mesh conveyor belt has a mesh-like structure and can generate electrostatic adsorption force to adsorb residual film falling into the mesh conveyor belt and discharge crop residues. The air outlet of the blower is located below the end of the mesh conveyor belt and faces the inlet of the residual film collection box to blow the residual film into the residual film collection box.

[0008] In one embodiment, the soil-crushing wheel includes at least two spaced-apart circular end plates, and at least three soil-crushing shafts are provided between adjacent end plates. The soil-crushing shafts are spaced apart along the outer circumference of the end plates, and all the soil-crushing shafts constitute the crushing assembly.

[0009] In one embodiment, the inner side of the soil-breaking shaft is provided with sharp teeth, and a plurality of the sharp teeth are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the soil-breaking shaft.

[0010] In one embodiment, the free end of the soil-throwing plate has a smoothly transitioned structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, the impurity removal conveyor belt further includes two bases arranged side by side and spaced apart. The two ends of the impurity removal component are respectively installed on the two bases. The bases are sleeved on the rollers, and the rollers are connected to the drive component to drive the bases to move.

[0012] In one embodiment, the mesh conveyor belt is conductive and grounded, an electrode plate is provided on one side of the mesh conveyor belt, a needle-shaped electrode is provided on the electrode plate, the needle-shaped electrode is electrically connected to an electrostatic generator, and the electrode plate at least covers the beginning end of the mesh conveyor belt.

[0013] In one embodiment, the inlet of the residual film collection box has a funnel-shaped structure.

[0014] In one embodiment, a gathering scraper assembly is also included, which is located between the soil crushing wheel and the rolling drum, and is used to gather soil clods after they have been crushed by the soil crushing wheel.

[0015] In one embodiment, the converging scraper assembly includes two converging scrapers, which are respectively mounted on the frame. A channel for passing soil clods is formed between the two converging scrapers. The opening of the channel near the crushing wheel is larger than the opening of the channel near the rolling drum, and the opening of the channel near the rolling drum at least partially overlaps with the area of ​​the soil-throwing plate extending axially along the rolling drum.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for recycling agricultural film residue fragments, comprising the following:

[0017] S1. Break large clods of soil into smaller clods;

[0018] S2. The broken small soil clods are transferred to an inclined impurity removal conveyor belt. The impurity removal conveyor belt is equipped with impurity removal components arranged side by side and spaced apart. There are hollow gaps between adjacent impurity removal components. Each impurity removal component includes a base plate and at least two shaft teeth located on the base plate. The adjacent shaft teeth are spaced apart. The small soil clods roll down through the gaps between the adjacent shaft teeth and fall back into the farmland through the hollow gaps. The residual film and crop residues mixed among the small soil clods are intercepted by the shaft teeth.

[0019] S3. The residual film and crop residues trapped on the impurity removal conveyor belt are transferred to the mesh conveyor belt. The mesh conveyor belt generates electrostatic adsorption force to adsorb the residual film, and the crop residues fall back to the farmland through the mesh of the mesh conveyor belt.

[0020] S4. Transfer the residual film adsorbed on the mesh conveyor belt to the residual film collection box to complete the collection of residual film.

[0021] The present invention achieves the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art:

[0022] This invention uses a soil-crushing wheel to break large clods of soil in farmland into smaller clods, releasing fragmented residual film trapped within the large clods and providing favorable conditions for film recycling. The broken clods are transferred by a rolling drum to a debris-removing conveyor belt, where soil, residual film, and crop residues undergo preliminary separation. The heavier clods roll down the conveyor belt and through its perforated openings back into the farmland, while the residual film and crop residues are intercepted by the shaft teeth as they roll down, remaining on the conveyor belt and being transferred to a mesh conveyor belt. In this mesh conveyor belt, the residual film is adsorbed onto the belt, while the crop residues fall back into the farmland through the mesh. Finally, the adsorbed residual film is transferred to a residual film collection box by a fan. This residual film recycling device gradually releases fragmented residual film and separates it from soil and crop residues through mechanical crushing, preliminary mechanical screening, and electrostatic adsorption, achieving effective recycling of fragmented residual film, reducing environmental impact, and providing strong technical support for sustainable agricultural development. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the farmland residual film fragment recycling device disclosed in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cleaning conveyor belt disclosed in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a side view of the impurity removal conveyor belt disclosed in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of the converging scraper assembly disclosed in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a soil-crushing wheel disclosed in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a side view of a soil-crushing wheel disclosed in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA.

[0031] The components include: 1. Soil-crushing wheel; 1-1. End plate; 1-2. Soil-crushing shaft; 1-3. Spiked teeth; 2. Frame; 3. Storage battery; 4. Front motor; 5. Belt transmission mechanism; 6. Static generator; 7. Photovoltaic power generation panel; 8. Impurity removal conveyor belt; 8-1. Substrate; 8-2. Impurity removal assembly; 8-2-1. Impurity removal unit; 8-2-1-1. Base plate; 8-2-1-2. Shaft teeth; 9. Electrode plate; 10. Needle electrode; 11. Mesh conveyor belt; 12. Residual film collection box; 13. Fan; 14. Rear motor; 15. Walking mechanism; 16. Rolling throwing cylinder; 16-1. Cylinder body; 16-2. Soil-throwing plate; 17. Gathering scraper assembly; 17-1. Gathering scraper; 17-2. Connector; 17-3. Channel. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a farmland residual film fragment recycling device, which is mainly used in dry fields after harvesting crops. The soil is turned up to form soil clods of different sizes. The soil clods contain broken plastic film fragments. The soil clods cannot be too wet (the soil clods will stick to the soil crushing wheel 1, affecting the crushing effect) or too dry (the soil clods are too hard and cannot be crushed into small soil clods well).

[0035] The agricultural film residue recycling device includes a frame 2, a soil-crushing wheel 1, a rolling drum 16, a debris-removing conveyor belt 8, a mesh conveyor belt 11, a blower 13, and a residue film collection box 12. A traveling mechanism 15 is installed on the frame 2 to drive the frame 2 and the entire agricultural film residue recycling device. The traveling mechanism 15 includes wheels / tracks and a power unit for driving the wheels / tracks, wherein the power unit is a rear-mounted motor 14. Taking the forward direction of the frame 2 as "forward" and the backward direction as "reverse," the soil-crushing wheel 1, rolling drum 16, debris-removing conveyor belt 8, mesh conveyor belt 11, blower 13, and residue film collection box 12 are installed on the frame 2 in the following order from front to back.The soil-crushing wheel 1 rotates following the movement of the frame 2. A crushing component is provided on the outer circumference of the soil-crushing wheel 1, which can rotate with the soil-crushing wheel 1 and crush large clods of soil in the farmland into smaller clods. The rolling throwing drum 16 includes a drum body 16-1 and throwing plates 16-2. The drum body 16-1 is mounted on the frame 2 via a rotating shaft, which is connected to a drive assembly. The drive assembly drives the drum body 16-1 to rotate. At least two arc-shaped throwing plates 16-2 are spaced apart on the outer circumference of the drum body 16-1. The throwing plates 16-2 are arc-shaped structures bent towards the direction of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8. The throwing plates 16-2 can scoop up the crushed small clods of soil and move them with the drum body 16-1. -1 rotates to throw the scooped soil clods onto the cleaning conveyor belt 8. The number of throwing plates 16-2 can be determined according to actual needs. The cleaning conveyor belt 8 is inclined and has at least two rows of cleaning components 8-2. Along the forward direction of the cleaning conveyor, adjacent cleaning components 8-2 are arranged side by side and spaced apart. There is a hollow gap between adjacent cleaning components 8-2. The hollow gap should not be less than the distance between the two farthest points on the outer contour of the small soil clod, so that the small soil clod can fall back into the farmland through the hollow gap. The cleaning component 8-2 includes a base plate 8-2-1-1 and at least two shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 located on the base plate 8-2-1-1. The adjacent shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 are spaced apart. The component of the gravity of the small soil clods thrown onto the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 in the conveying direction is greater than the adhesion between the small soil clods and the impurity removal conveyor belt 8. The small soil clods roll down along the impurity removal conveyor belt 8. When they roll to the hollow gaps, they fall back into the farmland through the hollow gaps. The residual film, crop residues, etc. mixed among the small soil clods are intercepted by the shaft teeth 8-2-1-2. The first end of the mesh conveyor belt 11 (the starting end of the movement of the mesh conveyor belt 11, which is also the end that receives the residual film and crop residues transferred from the impurity removal conveyor belt 8) is located at the end of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 (the end of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 away from the rolling...). Below one end of the throwing cylinder 16, the mesh conveyor belt 11 has a mesh structure with holes. The mesh conveyor belt 11 can generate electrostatic adsorption force to adsorb the residual film transferred to the mesh conveyor belt 11. The crop residues fall back to the farmland from the mesh holes because they cannot be adsorbed. The air outlet of the blower 13 is located below the end of the mesh conveyor belt 11 (the end of the mesh conveyor belt 11 away from the impurity removal conveyor belt 8) and faces the inlet of the residual film collection box 12. The blowing force of the blower 13 is adjusted so that the blowing force of the blower 13 is greater than the adsorption force of the mesh conveyor belt 11 on the residual film, so as to blow the residual film at the end of the mesh conveyor belt 11 into the residual film collection box 12, thus completing the collection of the residual film.

[0036] See Figures 5 to 7The soil crushing wheel 1 includes at least two spaced-apart circular end plates 1-1, and at least three soil crushing shafts 1-2 between adjacent end plates 1-1. The soil crushing shafts 1-2 are evenly and spaced along the outer circumference of the end plates 1-1. The soil crushing shafts 1-2 and the end plates 1-1 on both sides form a cage-like structure. A rotating shaft passes through the middle of the end plates 1-1. The soil crushing wheel 1 is mounted on the frame 2 via the rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the end plates 1-1. Because the outer circumferential contour of the soil crushing wheel 1 is cylindrical, the soil crushing wheel 1 can rotate with the movement of the frame 2. During the rotation of the soil crushing wheel 1, the spaced-apart soil crushing shafts 1-2 press against large soil clods to break them into smaller clods, releasing the residual film encased by the large soil clods. The crushing component consists of the spaced-apart soil crushing shafts 1-2.

[0037] The inner side of the soil-crushing shaft 1-2 is provided with sharp teeth 1-3 for piercing residual film, and several sharp teeth 1-3 are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the soil-crushing shaft 1-2. In use, the residual film wound on the soil-crushing shaft 1-2 is pierced by the sharp teeth 1-3, and under the action of the tensile force between the soil clod and the residual film, the residual film wrapped on the soil-crushing shaft 1-2 is torn apart, causing it to fall back into the farmland, thus avoiding affecting the collection efficiency of residual film.

[0038] To improve soil throwing efficiency, the dimensions of the soil throwing plate 16-2 along the axial direction of the cylinder 16-1 should be as large as possible. The thickness of the free end of the soil throwing plate 16-2 should be less than the thickness at the connection between the soil throwing plate 16-2 and the cylinder 16-1. While meeting strength requirements, the free end of the soil throwing plate 16-2 should be as thin as possible to facilitate the scooping of small, broken soil clods. Conversely, the connection between the soil throwing plate 16-2 and the cylinder 16-1 should be as thick as possible to enhance the connection strength. The free end of the soil throwing plate 16-2 is designed with a smooth transition structure, ensuring that the residual film is not punctured by the soil throwing plate 16-2 during the scooping process, thus allowing for smooth transfer to the impurity removal conveyor belt 8.

[0039] See Figures 2 to 3The impurity removal conveyor belt 8 also includes two parallel and spaced-apart bases 8-1. The two ends of the impurity removal component 8-2 are respectively installed on the two bases 8-1. The bases 8-1 are sleeved on the spaced-apart rollers. The rollers are connected to the drive component for transmission to drive the bases 8-1 to move. The impurity removal component 8-2 includes at least two impurity removal units 8-2-1. Each impurity removal unit 8-2-1 includes a base plate 8-2-1-1 and shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 disposed on the base plate 8-2-1-1. The base plates 8-2-1-1 of adjacent impurity removal units 8-2-1 are connected to form the impurity removal component 8-2. The spacing between adjacent shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 should be adapted to the distance between the two farthest points in the outer contour of the small soil clod so that the small soil clod can roll off smoothly. Meanwhile, residual film, crop residues, etc. mixed in the small soil clod are intercepted by the shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 to complete the initial separation of residual film, crop residues and soil clod.

[0040] The end of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 is located above the beginning of the mesh conveyor belt 11, and the end of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 and the beginning of the mesh conveyor belt 11 partially overlap in the vertical direction. After the residual film and agricultural residues are transported to the end of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8, the residual film and agricultural residues fall from the end of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 to the mesh conveyor belt 11 under the action of gravity. The residual film that is partially wrapped on the shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 is adsorbed onto the mesh conveyor belt 11 under the electrostatic adsorption force of the mesh conveyor belt 11, thereby completing the transfer of residual film and agricultural residues from the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 to the mesh conveyor belt 11.

[0041] The mesh conveyor belt 11 is conductive and fully grounded. An electrode plate 9 is provided on one side of the mesh conveyor belt 11. The electrode plate 9 carries a negative charge and has a needle-shaped electrode 10. The needle-shaped electrode 10 is electrically connected to the electrostatic generator 6, and the electrode plate 9 covers at least the first end of the mesh conveyor belt 11. When in use, the electrostatic generator 6 is turned on, and the needle-shaped electrode 10 on the electrode plate 9 undergoes corona discharge. The negative charge is sprayed onto the surface of the residual film, making the residual film negatively charged. Because the mesh conveyor belt 11 is fully grounded, its potential is always zero. After the needle-shaped electrode 10 discharges, there is a potential difference between the electrode plate 9 and the mesh conveyor belt 11, thereby forming an electric field space, which causes the residual film to be adsorbed onto the mesh conveyor belt 11. In one embodiment, the electrode plate 9 is detachably fixed to the frame 2 (e.g., bolted, snap-fitted, glued, etc.) and located above the mesh conveyor belt 11. The mesh conveyor belt 11 can be made of metal, conductive composite material, or coated with a conductive coating. The impurity removal conveyor belt 8 needs to be made of materials with insulation (blocking charge transfer and preventing electrostatic fields from forming a path through the conveyor belt) and antistatic / charge dissipation capabilities (high surface resistivity (>10)). 12Materials with low coefficient of friction (such as pure insulating polymers, antistatic modified materials, and fiber-reinforced insulating materials) or added antistatic agents to avoid static electricity accumulation, and low coefficient of friction (to reduce frictional static electricity and prevent secondary static electricity generation), such as pure insulating polymers, antistatic modified materials, and fiber-reinforced insulating materials, are used to prevent the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 from generating electrostatic adsorption force, so that the residual film can be smoothly transferred to the mesh conveyor belt 11.

[0042] An adjustable speed fan 13 is selected. The speed of the fan 13 is adjusted according to the magnitude of the electrostatic adsorption force between the mesh conveyor belt 11 and the residual film, so that the blowing force generated by the fan 13 is greater than the electrostatic adsorption force between the mesh conveyor belt 11 and the residual film, thereby blowing the residual film away from the mesh conveyor belt 11.

[0043] The inlet of the residual film collection box 12 is a funnel-shaped structure to facilitate blowing the residual film into the residual film collection box 12; the bottom of the residual film collection box 12 is provided with an opening and closing outlet to facilitate the removal of the residual film collected in the residual film collection box 12.

[0044] See Figure 1 The farmland residual film fragment recycling device also includes a gathering scraper assembly 17, which is located between the soil crushing wheel 1 and the rolling drum 16, and is used to gather small soil clods after being crushed by the soil crushing wheel 1.

[0045] See Figure 4 The converging scraper assembly 17 includes two converging scrapers 17-1, each of which is equipped with a connector 17-2. The converging scrapers 17-1 are mounted on the frame 2 via the connectors 17-2. A channel 17-3 for passing soil clods is formed between the two converging scrapers 17-1. The opening of the channel 17-3 near the crushing wheel 1 is larger than the opening of the channel 17-3 near the rolling drum 16, so as to gather the small soil clods after crushing when the farmland residual film fragment recycling device moves forward. The opening of the channel 17-3 near the rolling drum 16 at least partially overlaps with the area of ​​the throwing plate 16-2 extending along the axial direction of the rolling drum 16. The optimal state is that the two completely overlap, so that the throwing plate 16-2 can transfer the gathered small soil clods to the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 to the greatest extent.

[0046] The rollers of the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 and the rollers of the mesh conveyor belt 11 are connected to the drive assembly via the belt transmission mechanism 5. The drive assembly is a front motor 4. The electrostatic generator 6, the front motor 4, the rear motor 14 are electrically connected to the storage battery 3. A photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is provided on the top of the frame 2. The photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is electrically connected to the storage battery 3 to store the generated electricity in the storage battery 3, which is used to power the electrostatic generator 6, the front motor 4, and the rear motor 14.

[0047] Working Principle: The agricultural film residue recycling device moves forward under the drive of the walking mechanism 15. The soil crushing wheel 1 rotates along with the device, crushing large clods of soil into smaller ones as it rotates. If the residual film is wound around the outer circumference of the soil crushing wheel 1 through the soil crushing shaft 1-2, the sharp teeth 1-3 on the inner side of the shaft 1-2 will puncture the film, reducing its structural strength. The film not wound onto the soil crushing wheel 1 remains mixed in the soil or adheres to the clods. This portion of the film exerts a pulling force on the film wound onto the wheel 1, causing it to break at the punctured point and fall back into the farmland. As the recycling device moves forward, the gathering scraper assembly 17 gathers the crushed small clods of soil. The throwing plate 16-2 scoops up the gathered clods and throws them onto the cleaning conveyor belt 8 as the throwing drum 16 rotates. Due to the vibration of the motor, the film is removed through the soil. The frame 2 transmits the material to the cleaning conveyor belt 8. The component of the gravity of the small soil clods along the direction of the cleaning conveyor belt 8 is greater than the adhesion between the small soil clods and the cleaning conveyor belt 8. The small soil clods will roll down through the gap between the adjacent shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 and fall back into the farmland through the hollowed-out gap. During the rolling process, the residual film and some crop residues mixed among the small soil clods are intercepted by the shaft teeth 8-2-1-2. The intercepted residual film and crop residues are transferred to the mesh conveyor belt 11. Under the discharge action of the needle electrode 10, the residual film carries a negative charge and is adsorbed onto the mesh conveyor belt 11, while the crop residues, unable to carry a charge, fall back into the farmland through the mesh. When the residual film moves with the mesh conveyor belt 11 to the air outlet of the fan 13, it is blown into the residual film collection box 12 by the fan 13. After collecting for a period of time, the outlet of the residual film collection box 12 is opened and the residual film in the residual film collection box 12 is taken out.

[0048] This invention also provides a method for recycling agricultural film residue fragments, comprising the following:

[0049] S1. Break large clods of soil into smaller clods;

[0050] S2. The broken small soil clods are transferred to an inclined impurity removal conveyor belt 8. The impurity removal conveyor belt 8 is equipped with impurity removal components 8-2 arranged side by side and spaced apart. There is a hollow gap between adjacent impurity removal components 8-2. The impurity removal component 8-2 includes a base plate 8-2-1-1 and at least two shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 located on the base plate 8-2-1-1. The adjacent shaft teeth 8-2-1-2 are spaced apart. When the small soil clods and crop residues mixed in the soil clods roll down through the gap between the adjacent shaft teeth 8-2-1-2, the residual film mixed in the small soil clods and the larger crop residues are intercepted by the shaft teeth 8-2-1-2. The small soil clods and the smaller crop residues continue to roll down and fall back into the farmland through the hollow gap between the adjacent impurity removal components 8-2, thus completing the initial separation of residual film and soil clods.

[0051] S3. The residual film and crop residues trapped on the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 are transferred to the mesh conveyor belt 11. The electrostatic adsorption force generated by the mesh conveyor belt 11 can adsorb the residual film, but cannot adsorb the crop residues, so that the crop residues fall back to the farmland through the mesh of the mesh conveyor belt 11, thus completing the separation of the residual film and the crop residues.

[0052] S4. Transfer the residual film adsorbed on the mesh conveyor belt 11 to the residual film collection box 12 to complete the collection of residual film.

[0053] The methods for breaking up soil clods, transferring residual film and crop residues from the impurity removal conveyor belt 8 to the mesh conveyor belt 11, electrostatically adsorbing residual film from the mesh conveyor belt 11, and transferring residual film from the mesh conveyor belt 11 to the residual film collection box 12 are the same as those described in the device section, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] To improve the efficiency of collecting residual film, a step of gathering small soil clods can be added before S2. The gathering method is the same as that described in the device section, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for recycling agricultural film residue fragments, characterized in that, include: A movable frame, and a soil-crushing wheel, a rolling drum, a debris-removing conveyor belt, a mesh conveyor belt, a blower, and a residual film collection box installed on the frame and arranged sequentially along the direction of travel; The soil crushing wheel can rotate as the frame moves, and the outer circumferential surface of the soil crushing wheel is provided with crushing components for crushing soil clods; The rolling shovel can rotate relative to the frame. The outer circumferential surface of the rolling shovel is provided with arc-shaped soil-throwing plates distributed at intervals. The soil-throwing plates are bent toward the impurity removal conveyor belt to throw the broken soil blocks toward the impurity removal conveyor belt. The inclined conveyor belt for removing impurities is equipped with parallel and spaced-apart impurity removal components. There are hollow gaps between adjacent impurity removal components to allow soil clods rolling down to fall back into the farmland. Each impurity removal component includes a base plate and at least two shaft teeth on the base plate. The adjacent shaft teeth are spaced apart, and the distance between the adjacent shaft teeth is adapted to the distance between the two farthest points on the outer contour of the small soil clod. There are gaps between adjacent rows of shaft teeth on the base plate to allow the small soil clods to roll down, while residual film and crop residues mixed in the small soil clods are intercepted by the shaft teeth. The first end of the mesh conveyor belt is located below the end of the impurity removal conveyor belt. The mesh conveyor belt has a sieve-like structure with mesh holes. The mesh conveyor belt can generate electrostatic adsorption force to adsorb the residual film falling into the mesh conveyor belt and discharge agricultural residues. The air outlet of the fan is located below the end of the mesh conveyor belt and faces the inlet of the residual film collection box, so as to blow the residual film into the residual film collection box. The soil crushing wheel includes at least two spaced-apart circular end plates, and at least three soil crushing shafts are provided between adjacent end plates. The soil crushing shafts are spaced apart along the outer circumference of the end plates, and all the soil crushing shafts constitute the crushing assembly. The inner side of the soil-breaking shaft is provided with sharp teeth, and several of the sharp teeth are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the soil-breaking shaft.

2. The farmland residual film fragment recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The free end of the soil-throwing plate has a smooth transition structure.

3. The farmland residual film fragment recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impurity removal conveyor belt also includes two bases arranged side by side and spaced apart. The two ends of the impurity removal component are respectively installed on the two bases. The bases are sleeved on the rollers. The rollers are connected to the drive component for transmission to drive the bases to move.

4. The farmland residual film fragment recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh conveyor belt is conductive and grounded. An electrode plate is provided on one side of the mesh conveyor belt. A needle-shaped electrode is provided on the electrode plate. The needle-shaped electrode is electrically connected to an electrostatic generator. The electrode plate at least covers the beginning of the mesh conveyor belt.

5. The farmland residual film fragment recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the residual film collection box has a funnel-shaped structure.

6. The farmland residual film fragment recycling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a gathering scraper assembly, which is located between the soil crushing wheel and the rolling drum, and is used to gather soil clods after they have been crushed by the soil crushing wheel.

7. The farmland residual film fragment recycling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The converging scraper assembly includes two converging scrapers, which are respectively mounted on the frame. A channel for soil clods to pass through is formed between the two converging scrapers. The opening of the channel near the crushing wheel is larger than the opening of the channel near the rolling drum, and the opening of the channel near the rolling drum at least partially overlaps with the area of ​​the soil-throwing plate extending along the axial direction of the rolling drum.

8. A method for recycling residual plastic film fragments from farmland, characterized in that, The agricultural film residue recycling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 includes the following: S1. Break large clods of soil into smaller clods; S2. The broken small soil clods are transferred to an inclined impurity removal conveyor belt. The impurity removal conveyor belt is equipped with impurity removal components arranged side by side and spaced apart. There are hollow gaps between adjacent impurity removal components. Each impurity removal component includes a base plate and at least two shaft teeth located on the base plate. The adjacent shaft teeth are spaced apart. The small soil clods roll down through the gaps between the adjacent shaft teeth and fall back into the farmland through the hollow gaps. The residual film and crop residues mixed among the small soil clods are intercepted by the shaft teeth. S3. The residual film and crop residues trapped on the impurity removal conveyor belt are transferred to the mesh conveyor belt. The mesh conveyor belt generates electrostatic adsorption force to adsorb the residual film, and the crop residues fall back to the farmland through the mesh of the mesh conveyor belt. S4. Transfer the residual film adsorbed on the mesh conveyor belt to the residual film collection box to complete the collection of residual film.

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