A threshing device with threshing gap self-adaptive adjustment function

Abstract

The application discloses a threshing device with a threshing gap self-adapting adjusting function, which comprises a threshing cylinder, a concave plate sieve, a top plate and a base; the two ends of the threshing cylinder are connected with the base through elastic self-adapting mechanisms; the elastic self-adapting mechanism comprises a sliding groove and a sliding block, and the middle part of the sliding groove is provided with a supporting plate; the threshing cylinder is rotatably installed relative to the sliding block; the elastic self-adapting mechanism further comprises a first spring and a second spring which can act on the upper and lower sides of the sliding block; and the top plate can also slide up and down relative to the sliding groove. In the application, the threshing cylinder has the ability of elastically floating up and down through the setting of the elastic self-adapting mechanism, so that the threshing gap is automatically adjusted, the threshing cylinder can adapt to the amount of crops and self-adaptively move up and down when the amount of crops in the material channel is relatively large, the crops in the material channel can be effectively prevented from being blocked, the running resistance of the threshing cylinder is reduced, and the power consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a threshing device with adaptive adjustment function for threshing gap. Background Technology

[0002] Threshing devices play an indispensable role in modern agricultural production, serving as key equipment for ensuring efficient grain harvesting. With the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization, the demands for threshing efficiency, reduced losses, and minimized impact on crop quality are also increasing. Threshing devices, by separating grains from straw, not only significantly improve agricultural production efficiency but also facilitate subsequent agricultural product processing. Therefore, improving threshing devices to make them more efficient, energy-saving, and adaptable to different operating environments is of significant practical importance.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, when a large amount of crop is fed into the material channel, blockages are likely to occur, which not only reduces threshing efficiency but also increases energy consumption and wear on the equipment. Currently, some solutions (such as patent CN111226609A, which uses a method to dynamically adjust the distance between the threshing component and the central shaft based on sensor data, and CN204811000U, which uses a method to dynamically adjust the distance between the top plate and the central shaft based on sensor data) use electronic control to monitor and adjust the threshing gap in real time to adapt to different feed rates. Although this method can alleviate the above problems to some extent, its high cost and complex structure limit its widespread application. In addition, this adjustment method relies on sophisticated sensors and control systems, further increasing maintenance difficulty and technical barriers. Therefore, exploring a low-cost solution with good adaptive performance is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a threshing device with low cost, good adaptive effect and adaptive adjustment function of threshing gap.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a threshing device with adaptive adjustment function for threshing gap, which includes a threshing drum, a concave sieve, a top plate, and a base; the top plate and the concave sieve are arranged above and below the threshing drum.

[0006] Both ends of the threshing drum are connected to the machine base via elastic adaptive mechanisms;

[0007] The elastic adaptive mechanism includes a chute and a slider that can slide up and down along the chute, with a support plate in the middle of the chute supporting the slider; the threshing drum is rotatably mounted relative to the slider.

[0008] The elastic adaptive mechanism further includes a first spring and a second spring that can act on the upper and lower sides of the slider; the second spring passes through the support plate to act on the lower end of the slider;

[0009] The top plate can also slide up and down relative to the groove.

[0010] The top plate has a guide plate, and a material channel is formed between the top plate and the concave sieve. When the crops pass through the material channel, they are affected by the action of the threshing drum and the guide plate, and are threshed while moving forward along the material channel. The threshed grains leak out from the sieve holes of the concave sieve.

[0011] Initially, the support plate holds the slider to support the threshing drum. When there are few material channels in the material passage, the weight of the threshing drum is greater than the combined force of the second spring and the reaction force of the crop on the threshing drum, and the slider remains in contact with the support plate. When there are many material channels in the material passage, the combined force of the second spring and the reaction force of the crop on the threshing drum is greater than the weight of the threshing drum itself, and the threshing drum is lifted to achieve adaptive adjustment of the threshing gap.

[0012] Furthermore, in the initial state, that is, when there are no crops in the material channel, the first spring does not exert a downward force on the slider. A buffer plate is fixed on the upper side of the slide, and the first spring is placed between the buffer plate and the slider.

[0013] In the initial state, the second spring supports the threshing drum. When the amount of crops entering the material channel suddenly increases, the crops exert a large upward force on the threshing drum, and the first spring is held in place by the buffer plate to buffer the slider.

[0014] Furthermore, a fixing plate is installed at the lower end of the slide groove, and a rod is fixedly installed on the fixing plate; the rod is placed in the slide groove and extends upward along the slide groove, with its upper end passing through the fixing plate; the slider, the first spring, and the second spring are all movably sleeved on the rod, and a first nut that abuts against the lower end of the first spring is installed on the rod.

[0015] Furthermore, a guide rod is fixed on the slider, and the guide rod is slidable relative to the buffer plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a first gear is installed on the slider, and a first rack that meshes with the first gear is fixed on the base; a second rack is fixed on the top plate, and the first rack and the second rack are respectively placed on both sides of the first gear, and the second rack establishes a transmission relationship with the first gear through the second gear.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The threshing device of the present invention with adaptive adjustment function of threshing gap has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) In this invention, by setting the elastic adaptive mechanism, the threshing drum has the ability to float up and down elastically. When there is a large amount of crop in the material channel, the threshing drum can adapt to the amount of crop by moving up and down adaptively. This can effectively prevent the crop from clogging the material channel and reduce the running resistance of the threshing drum, thus reducing power consumption. Compared with the prior art that uses an electronic control scheme to monitor the running resistance and adjust the threshing gap, the technical solution in this invention has a significantly lower cost.

[0019] (2) The first spring can effectively prevent the threshing drum from jumping up suddenly and causing large impact vibration, thus effectively ensuring the stability of the threshing device.

[0020] (3) By adjusting the axial position of the first nut on the rod, the pre-compression of the first spring can be changed, that is, the initial force of the first spring on the threshing drum can be changed, which can be adapted to the adaptive adjustment requirements of the threshing gap of different crops.

[0021] (4) The slider and the top plate are connected by the first gear, the second gear, the first rack and the second rack, which can realize the linkage between the slider and the top plate. The displacement of the top plate is twice the displacement of the slider. In this way, the threshing gap and the top plate gap can be kept consistent, and the material blockage caused by the reduction of the top plate gap when adjusting the threshing gap can be prevented. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a side view of a threshing device with adaptive adjustment of the threshing gap.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of a threshing device with adaptive adjustment function for threshing gap;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of a threshing device with adaptive adjustment of the threshing gap.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of a threshing device with adaptive adjustment function for the threshing gap;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section B.

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Threshing drum; 2-Concave sieve; 3-Top plate; 31-Guide plate; 4-Base; 5-Chutter; 51-Support plate; 6-Slider; 7-First spring; 8-Second spring; 9-Buffer plate; 10-Fixing plate; 11-Rod; 12-First nut; 13-Guide rod; 14-First gear; 15-First rack; 16-Second rack; 17-Second gear; A-Elastic adaptive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 The threshing device shown has an adaptive adjustment function for the threshing gap, which includes a threshing drum 1, a concave sieve 2, a top plate 3, and a base 4; the top plate 3 and the concave sieve 2 are arranged around the threshing drum 1 on the upper and lower sides.

[0030] The two ends of the threshing drum 1 are respectively connected to the machine base 4 through an elastic adaptive mechanism A;

[0031] like Figure 3 With Figure 5 As shown, the elastic adaptive mechanism A includes a slide 5 and a slider 6 that can slide up and down along the slide 5. The middle part of the slide 5 has a support plate 51 that supports the slider 6. The threshing drum 1 is rotatably mounted relative to the slider 6.

[0032] The elastic adaptive mechanism A further includes a first spring 7 and a second spring 8 that can act on the upper and lower sides of the slider 6; the second spring 8 passes through the support plate 51 to act on the lower end of the slider 6;

[0033] The top plate 3 can also slide up and down relative to the groove 5.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the top plate 3 has a guide plate 31, and a material channel is formed between the top plate 3 and the concave plate screen 2. When the crops pass through the material channel, they are affected by the threshing drum 1 and the guide plate 31, and move forward along the material channel while being threshed. The threshed grains leak out from the screen holes of the concave plate screen 2.

[0035] In the initial state, the support plate 51 supports the slider 6 to support the threshing drum 1. When there are few material channels in the material channel, the weight of the threshing drum 1 is greater than the combined force of the second spring 8 and the reaction force of the crop on the threshing drum 1, and the slider 6 remains in contact with the support plate 51. When there are many material channels in the material channel, the combined force of the second spring 8 and the reaction force of the crop on the threshing drum 1 is greater than the weight of the threshing drum 1, and the threshing drum 1 is lifted to achieve adaptive adjustment of the threshing gap.

[0036] In this invention, by setting the elastic adaptive mechanism A, the threshing drum 1 has the ability to float up and down elastically. When there is a large amount of crop in the material channel, the threshing drum 1 can adapt its up-and-down movement to the amount of crop, thus effectively preventing crop blockage in the material channel and reducing the operating resistance of the threshing drum 1, thereby reducing power consumption. Compared with the prior art that uses an electronic control scheme to monitor the operating resistance and adjust the threshing gap, the technical solution in this invention significantly reduces costs.

[0037] Preferably, in the initial state, that is, when there are no crops in the material channel, the first spring 7 does not exert a downward force on the slider 6, and a buffer plate 9 is fixed on the upper side of the slide 5, with the first spring 7 placed between the buffer plate 9 and the slider 6.

[0038] In the initial state, the second spring 8 supports the threshing drum 1. When the amount of crops entering the material channel suddenly increases, the crops exert a large upward force on the threshing drum 1, and the first spring 7 is held in place by the buffer plate 9 to buffer the slider 6.

[0039] The first spring 7 can effectively prevent the threshing drum 1 from suddenly jumping up and causing large impact vibration, thus effectively ensuring the stability of the threshing device operation.

[0040] Preferably, a fixing plate 10 is installed at the lower end of the slide groove 5, and a rod 11 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 10; the rod 11 is placed in the slide groove 5 and extends upward along the slide groove 5, and its upper end passes through the fixing plate 10; the slider 6, the first spring 7 and the second spring 8 are all movably sleeved on the rod 11, and a first nut 12 is installed on the rod 11 to abut against the lower end of the first spring 7.

[0041] By adjusting the axial position of the first nut 12 on the rod 11, the pre-compression of the first spring 7 can be changed, that is, the initial force of the first spring 7 on the threshing drum 1 can be changed, which can be adapted to the adaptive adjustment requirements of the threshing gap for different crops.

[0042] Preferably, a guide rod 13 is fixed on the slider 6, and the guide rod 13 is slidable relative to the buffer plate 9.

[0043] Preferably, a first gear 14 is mounted on the slider 6, and a first rack 15 that meshes with the first gear 14 is fixed on the base 4; a second rack 16 is fixed on the top plate 3, the first rack 15 and the second rack 16 are respectively placed on both sides of the first gear 14, and the second rack 16 establishes a transmission relationship with the first gear 14 through the second gear 17.

[0044] The slider 6 and the top plate 3 are connected by the first gear 14, the second gear 17, the first rack 15 and the second rack 16, which can realize the linkage between the slider 6 and the top plate 3. The displacement of the top plate 3 is twice the displacement of the slider 6. In this way, the threshing gap can be kept consistent with the top plate gap, and the material blockage caused by the reduction of the top plate gap when adjusting the threshing gap can be prevented.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A threshing device with adaptive adjustment function of threshing gap, comprising a threshing drum (1), a concave sieve (2), a top plate (3) and a base (4); the top plate (3) and the concave sieve (2) are arranged above and below the threshing drum (1); Its features are: The two ends of the threshing drum (1) are respectively connected to the machine base (4) through an elastic adaptive mechanism (A); The elastic adaptive mechanism (A) includes a slide (5) and a slider (6) that can slide up and down along the slide (5). The middle part of the slide (5) has a support plate (51) that supports the slider (6). The threshing drum (1) is rotatably mounted relative to the slider (6). The elastic adaptive mechanism (A) further includes a first spring (7) and a second spring (8) that can act on the upper and lower sides of the slider (6); the second spring (8) passes through the support plate (51) to act on the lower end of the slider (6); The top plate (3) can also slide up and down relative to the groove (5); A first gear (14) is installed on the slider (6), and a first rack (15) meshing with the first gear (14) is fixed on the base (4); a second rack (16) is fixed on the top plate (3), the first rack (15) and the second rack (16) are placed on both sides of the first gear (14), and the second rack (16) establishes a transmission relationship with the first gear (14) through the second gear (17).

2. The threshing device with adaptive adjustment function of threshing gap according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the initial state, the first spring (7) does not exert a downward force on the slider (6), and a buffer plate (9) is fixed on the upper side of the slide (5). The first spring (7) is placed between the buffer plate (9) and the slider (6).

3. The threshing device with adaptive adjustment function of threshing gap according to claim 2, characterized in that, A fixing plate (10) is installed at the lower end of the slide (5), and a rod (11) is fixedly installed on the fixing plate (10); the rod (11) is placed in the slide (5) and extends upward along the slide (5), and its upper end passes through the fixing plate (10); the slider (6), the first spring (7) and the second spring (8) are all movably sleeved on the rod (11), and a first nut (12) is installed on the rod (11) to abut against the lower end of the first spring (7).

4. The threshing device with adaptive adjustment function of threshing gap according to claim 3, characterized in that, A guide rod (13) is fixed on the slider (6), and the guide rod (13) can slide relative to the buffer plate (9).

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