Application method and system of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material for rapid breeding of crops

Abstract

The application relates to an application method and system of a crop rapid breeding near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material. The system comprises a sprayer, a collection unit and a central control unit. The near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is stored in the sprayer in the form of a suspension liquid, so that the sprayer can spray the suspension liquid of the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material to plants in a planting area and adhere to the leaf surfaces of the plants in response to a control signal generated by the central control unit after operation processing based on data information obtained by the collection unit. The method comprises the following steps: configuring the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material into a suspension liquid and storing the suspension liquid in the sprayer; obtaining data information related to the growth state of the plants, analyzing the growth state of the plants in the planting area, and determining the working parameters of the sprayer; spraying the suspension liquid of the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material to the plants in the planting area and adhering to the leaf surfaces of the plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rapid crop propagation technology in the laboratory, and in particular to a method and system for applying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials for rapid crop propagation. Background Technology

[0002] Near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials are characterized by emitting high-energy light when excited by low-energy light; that is, when excited by long-wavelength, low-frequency light, the material emits short-wavelength, high-frequency light. Near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials have numerous applications in fields such as solid-state lasers and anti-counterfeiting.

[0003] For example, CN111681532A discloses a multi-level anti-counterfeiting material with tri-color orthogonal upconversion fluorescence characteristics and its application, belonging to the field of fluorescent anti-counterfeiting materials technology. This invention's anti-counterfeiting material consists of five-shell core-shell structured nanoparticles with tri-color orthogonal upconversion luminescence and disappearable ink; the five-shell core-shell structured nanoparticles are composed of a NaYF4 matrix doped with sensitizers and activators. This anti-counterfeiting material can not only produce independent tri-color upconversion luminescence under three different wavelengths of near-infrared light excitation, but also exhibits pH-stimulation response characteristics under natural light. The anti-counterfeiting material provided by this invention not only expands the application range of orthogonal luminescent nanomaterials, but also solves some problems of traditional anti-counterfeiting materials, such as single anti-counterfeiting technology, low security, and ease of replication, thus increasing the level of security and anti-counterfeiting. This invention can be used for multi-level anti-counterfeiting of confidential information.

[0004] In addition to the applications of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials disclosed in the aforementioned patents in fields such as anti-counterfeiting, based on the characteristic that near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials can emit short-wavelength light when excited by long-wavelength light, they can be applied to the field of agriculture and aquaculture to further utilize the near-infrared energy region of sunlight, thereby improving the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0005] For example, CN110278860A discloses a nano-light conversion technology for leaf surfaces to promote plant photosynthesis. The resulting nanocomposite luminescent material is formulated into a suspension and sprayed onto the surface of bean seedling leaves, achieving light conversion on the leaf surface (absorbing near-infrared light and emitting red light), thereby promoting the photosynthetic rate of the bean seedlings and enabling fluorescence imaging of the bean seedling leaves. The composite nanoparticles prepared by this invention exhibit good water dispersibility and stability. It has potential applications in photo-based agriculture and plant imaging.

[0006] Current technology has only demonstrated that spraying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials in suspension onto plant leaf surfaces can promote photosynthetic rates and thus plant growth and development. However, it does not address how to spray the suspension, especially how to specifically determine the spraying method for plants with different arrangement patterns and / or different growth stages in the planting area. Excessive use of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials not only wastes resources due to reduced effective utilization, but also causes excess suspension to seep into the plant's culture medium, potentially disrupting carefully designed culture conditions. Conversely, insufficient use of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials results in insufficient suspension adhering to plant leaves for effective near-infrared conversion, thereby reducing the overall utilization rate of sunlight.

[0007] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The preparation cost of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials (doped with rare earth elements) used in the existing technology is high. Although this technology has special significance for special applications such as outer space agriculture, the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials that have been proven to be safe and effective for plants are extremely limited. It is necessary to develop other electromagnetic wave conversion materials with similar properties. For this purpose, it is also necessary to efficiently and quantitatively calculate the application amount of the corresponding materials and their corresponding effects.

[0009] Therefore, the objective of this invention is primarily to provide a method for precisely applying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials, aiming to quantitatively and accurately determine the application amount based on fluorescence analysis results on the leaves, and thus apply the materials in a cost-optimal manner.

[0010] Another objective of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for spraying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials onto plants, which aims to quantitatively determine the fluorescence conversion efficiency of the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials applied to plant leaves and their effect on the corresponding plant photosynthesis.

[0011] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for determining the amount of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material to be applied, which aims to determine the application parameters in an efficient and cost-effective manner according to the required spectrum of the corresponding plant type.

[0012] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for rapidly propagating near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials for crops, thus solving at least some of the aforementioned technical problems. This invention integrates advanced spectral conversion technology and intelligent control, providing an innovative and efficient solution for greenhouse cultivation. In this system, the sprayer, data acquisition unit, and central control unit work collaboratively to form a closed-loop control system, capable of precisely adjusting the application strategy of the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material according to the actual growth needs of the plants. First, by using the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material, the system can efficiently convert near-infrared light, which is not directly utilized by plants, into red or blue light, both essential for photosynthesis. This process not only improves light energy utilization but also significantly enhances photosynthetic efficiency and promotes crop growth in environments with poor lighting conditions (such as winter or cloudy days). Due to the high energy density of near-infrared light, the resulting visible light can more effectively stimulate chlorophyll, thereby increasing the photosynthetic rate, which helps increase crop yield and improve quality. Secondly, the system's acquisition unit is equipped with a multi-sensor combination, including a first acquisition unit for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence, a second acquisition unit for acquiring vegetation reflectance spectra, and a third acquisition unit for monitoring light intensity and spectral distribution. This data collection allows the central control unit to comprehensively understand the plant's photosynthetic status and environmental conditions, and calculate key evaluation parameters—chlorophyll fluorescence signal and spectral absorption index. These two parameters comprehensively reflect the plant's absorption capacity for different wavelengths of light and photosynthetic efficiency, rather than simply the traditional red-blue light ratio assessment. In particular, the introduction of the spectral absorption index as a new evaluation indicator, taking into account the influence of the near-infrared band, greatly enhances the understanding and optimization capabilities of plant spectral resource utilization efficiency. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation index—GSP—calculated by the central control unit based on the above evaluation parameters further improves the accuracy and timeliness of the system's plant health assessment. The trend of GSP changes directly reflects changes in plant photosynthetic efficiency and light energy utilization efficiency, thereby guiding subsequent management measures. When GSP deviates from the ideal value, the central control unit automatically adjusts the sprayer's operating parameters, such as changing the spraying pressure, to ensure optimal photosynthetic effects. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the system is always in optimal operating condition, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and lowering production costs.

[0013] This invention discloses an application system for the rapid propagation of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials for crops. The system includes: a sprayer for containing and spraying the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material; a data acquisition unit for acquiring data related to plant growth status; and a central control unit for analyzing the plant growth status within the planting area based on the data acquired by the acquisition unit, and determining the operating parameters of the sprayer accordingly. The near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is stored in the sprayer as a suspension, enabling the sprayer to respond to a control signal generated by the central control unit after processing the data acquired by the acquisition unit, spraying the suspension of the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material onto the plants within the planting area and adhering it to the leaf surface of each plant.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the sprayer includes a storage tank for storing a suspension to be sprayed, a conveying component for conveying the suspension from the storage tank to the nozzle, and a nozzle for spraying the suspension. The sprayer is equipped with a pressure regulating valve for controlling the spraying pressure. The pressure regulating valve is communicatively connected to a central control unit to receive control signals from the central control unit.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the acquisition unit includes a first acquisition unit for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence of plants within the planting area, a second acquisition unit for acquiring the vegetation reflectance spectrum within the planting area, and a third acquisition unit for acquiring the light intensity and spectral distribution around the plants within the planting area, so as to acquire the maximum photochemical efficiency, normalized vegetation index, and photosynthetic photon flux density of multiple bands, respectively.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the central control unit can calculate the following evaluation parameters based on various types of data information acquired by the acquisition unit: chlorophyll fluorescence signal, which is used to characterize the photosynthetic activity and photosynthetic efficiency of the plant; spectral absorption index, which is used to evaluate the current spectral resource utilization efficiency of the plant. Among these parameters, the maximum photochemical efficiency can be used to calculate the chlorophyll fluorescence signal, and the normalized vegetation index and photosynthetic photon flux density of multiple bands can be used to calculate the spectral absorption index.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the central control unit can integrate chlorophyll fluorescence signal and spectral absorption index to calculate growth status parameters as a comprehensive evaluation index, so as to dynamically assess the growth and health status of plants and directly reflect photosynthetic efficiency and light energy utilization efficiency.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the central control unit can dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the sprayer based on the deviation between the target value and the current value of the growth state parameters. The operating parameters of the sprayer include the spraying pressure of the pressure regulating valve, so as to change the application amount of the suspension sprayed from the sprayer by adjusting the spraying pressure of the pressure regulating valve.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the application system further includes a mobile unit for moving within the planting area, wherein the sprayer and the collection unit can be mounted on the mobile unit and can move with the mobile unit within the planting area.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the moving unit is configured as a slider capable of sliding on a slide rail and moving from a starting position to an ending position along a first trajectory, and then returning from the ending position to the starting position along a second trajectory after an interval lag time, wherein the second trajectory coincides with the first trajectory on the line, but in the opposite direction to the first trajectory.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the central control unit can generate a curve of the corresponding growth status parameters of each plant changing over time. The curve includes an expected curve and an actual curve. The central control unit can analyze the spraying operation based on the comparison of the two curves.

[0022] This invention also discloses a method for applying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials for rapid crop propagation, which includes the following steps:

[0023] The near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is configured as a suspension and stored in the sprayer;

[0024] Acquire data related to plant growth status, analyze the plant growth status within the planting area, and determine the working parameters of the sprayer accordingly.

[0025] A suspension of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is sprayed onto the plants in the planting area and adheres to the surface of each plant's leaves. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a hardware connection diagram of the application system provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of data transmission and processing in the application system provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving unit provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the movement trajectory of the mobile unit provided by the present invention in a planting area with rows of planted plants;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a curve of GSP changing over time generated by the central control unit provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the application method provided by the present invention.

[0032] List of reference numerals

[0033] 100: Sprayer; 110: Storage tank; 120: Conveying component; 130: Nozzle; 140: Pressure regulating valve; 200: Data acquisition unit; 210: First data acquisition unit; 220: Second data acquisition unit; 230: Third data acquisition unit; 300: Central control unit; 400: Moving unit; 410: First trajectory; 420: Second trajectory. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials can emit high-energy light when excited by low-energy light. That is, when excited by light with long wavelength and low frequency, near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials can emit light with short wavelength and high frequency.

[0035] Preferably, the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is applied to the field of agricultural planting so that when using sunlight to illuminate plants, the near-infrared energy region in sunlight that is difficult for plants to directly utilize can be converted into an effective energy region that can directly affect plant growth and development through the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material, thereby helping to promote plant photosynthesis. The effective energy region may include blue light, red light and / or far-infrared light.

[0036] Preferably, the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material can be a solid compound doped with rare earth elements. By utilizing the metastable energy level characteristics of rare earth elements, it can absorb multiple low-energy long-wave radiations, thereby converting infrared light into visible light.

[0037] For example, Er can be used 3+ Yb 3+ Co-doped RYF4 (R = Li, Na) is used as a near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material, with NaYF4 being the preferred RYF4. Generally, matrix materials that do not constitute the excitation energy level can provide a suitable crystal field for the activating ions, enabling them to produce appropriate emission. On the one hand, considering the phonon energy of the material, the conversion excitation efficiency of different matrix materials is generally ranked as follows: chloride > fluoride > oxide. On the other hand, considering the stability of the material structure, the excitation efficiency of different matrix materials is generally ranked as follows: chloride < fluoride < oxide. Therefore, fluoride matrix materials, which possess both high conversion efficiency and structural stability, are preferred. Furthermore, NaYF4 is currently the matrix material with the lowest phonon energy and highest fluorescence efficiency among fluoride-based conversion materials. Under normal conditions, NaYF4 exists in two crystal forms: cubic α-NaYF4 and hexagonal β-NaYF4. The hexagonal (β-) crystal has a relatively lower phonon energy (<400 cm⁻¹). -1 It possesses properties such as strong thermo-optical stability, good light transmittance, low non-radiative decay rate, and high radiative emission frequency.

[0038] Preferably, in order to ensure that the emitted light wavelength of the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material falls more within the red light wavelength range, the red-to-green light emission ratio can be adjusted using carbon dots on the basis of NaYF4:Yb,Er, thereby promoting plant photosynthesis by increasing the proportion of red light emission. Furthermore, after adding carbon dots, the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material becomes a NaYF4:Yb,Er / carbon dot nanocomposite material, which can be prepared as follows:

[0039] Preparation of SiO2 sol;

[0040] Preparation of S2.NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles;

[0041] S3. Preparation of carbon dots;

[0042] Preparation of S4.NaYF4:Yb,Er / carbon dot nanocomposite material.

[0043] Preferably, in step S1, TEOS, EtOH, deionized water, and hydrochloric acid are mixed and refluxed at 100°C, and the pH is adjusted to 2 to obtain SiO2 sol. Further, the obtained SiO2 sol needs to be refrigerated before use, with a refrigeration temperature of -4°C. SiO2 can serve as an intermediate medium between NaYF4 and carbon dots to transfer energy; it can also serve as a surface modification material for NaYF4; and it can also play a role in surface state transition, allowing the grafting of other functional groups or metal ions onto the surface.

[0044] Preferably, in step S2, anhydrous ethanol can be added to the mixture that has been treated hydrothermally and cooled to room temperature. After centrifugation and drying, NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles are obtained. The mixture can be obtained by adding an aqueous solution containing YCl3, YbCl3, ErCl3, and NaF to a uniformly mixed mixture of oleic acid, sodium hydroxide, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water under vigorous stirring, followed by heating and reflux stirring. Further, the hydrothermal treatment can be carried out in a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined reactor.

[0045] Preferably, in step S3, citric acid and thiourea can be mixed in acetone for hydrothermal treatment. After centrifugation and washing, the mixture is dissolved in ethanol to obtain a carbon dot solution (CDs solution). The washing operation can be performed using petroleum ether and ethyl acetate to wash the supernatant. Further, the hydrothermal treatment can be carried out in a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined reactor.

[0046] Preferably, in step S4, the prepared NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles are added to SiO2 sol, and then carbon dot solution is added to stir and mix into a uniform gel mixture system. After drying and grinding, the gel mixture system yields NaYF4:Yb,Er / carbon dot nanocomposite material.

[0047] Preferably, the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material can be formulated into a suspension and sprayed onto the surface of plant leaves according to a preset execution method. This method is preferably applicable to greenhouses that rely primarily on sunlight for illumination, so that the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material can convert the wavelength of light on the leaf surface, allowing plants in the greenhouse to make more efficient use of sunlight during periods of sunshine. Preferably, the suspension can form uniform droplets on the surface of the plant leaves.

[0048] Preferably, when NaYF4:Yb,Er / carbon dot nanocomposite material is used as near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material, the aggregated nanoparticles can be stably attached to the leaf surface and enhance the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, number of leaves and leaf area of ​​plant leaves by converting light on the leaf surface.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Based on the above, this invention discloses an application system for near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials for rapid crop propagation, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the application system may include: a sprayer 100 for containing and spraying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material; a data acquisition unit 200 for acquiring data related to plant growth status; and a central control unit 300 for analyzing the plant growth status in the planting area based on the sampling information acquired by the data acquisition unit 200, and thereby determining the operating parameters of the sprayer 100.

[0051] Preferably, the sprayer 100 may include a storage tank 110 for storing the suspension to be sprayed, the inner cavity of which has sufficient capacity and may be designed to prevent particle sedimentation, for example, a conical bottom design to facilitate emptying. Preferably, the sprayer 100 may include a conveying component 120 for conveying the suspension from the storage tank 110 to the nozzle 130. The inlet of the conveying component 120 may be provided with a filter for filtering out any large particles that may be present, to prevent them from entering the nozzle 130 and causing blockage. The conveying component 120 may be a diaphragm pump, a gear pump, or other pump type suitable for conveying liquids containing solid particles.

[0052] Preferably, the sprayer 100 may include a pressure regulating valve 140 for controlling the spray pressure to ensure that the suspension is sprayed at an appropriate flow rate and atomization degree, wherein the pressure regulating valve 140 may be controlled by the central control unit 300. Preferably, the sprayer 100 may also include a flow meter for monitoring the actual amount of suspension sprayed to ensure that the suspension is sprayed according to preset parameters.

[0053] Preferably, the sprayer 100 may include a nozzle 130 for spraying the suspension. The nozzle 130 may be connected to a spray bar or spray arm to adjust its length and angle according to the plant height and planting row spacing. The nozzle 130 may be selected according to the characteristics of the suspension, such as a fan nozzle, a cone nozzle or a vortex nozzle, to ensure good atomization effect and coverage.

[0054] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the acquisition unit 200 may include a first acquisition section 210 for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence of plants within the planting area. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurement is based on the natural characteristics of plant photosynthesis, where excess energy is released in the form of fluorescence when the reaction center of photosystem II (PSII) absorbs light energy. The intensity of the fluorescence signal directly reflects the efficiency of PSII, thus allowing assessment of the plant's photosynthetic state, i.e., whether the plant can efficiently utilize light energy. Preferably, the first acquisition section 210 may be configured as a fluorescence imaging system or a portable fluorescence measuring instrument, comprising the following hardware: an excitation light source: using a specific wavelength (typically blue or red light, with a wavelength range of approximately 400–700 nm) LED light source to excite the fluorescence response of plant leaves; an optical filter: filtering out direct light from the excitation light source, allowing only plant fluorescence signals (typically in the 680 nm and 740 nm bands) to pass through; a high-sensitivity detector: such as a photomultiplier tube (PMT) or a high-resolution CMOS / CCD camera, for capturing the fluorescence signal; and a data acquisition module: connecting to the detector and transmitting data to the central control unit 300 in real time.

[0055] Preferably, after receiving the data information acquired by the first acquisition unit 210, the central control unit 300 can convert the fluorescence signal into a quantifiable photosynthetic index, namely the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm), which is calculated using the following formula:

[0056] Fv / Fm=(Fm-Fo) / Fm,

[0057] Where Fv is variable fluorescence, Fm is maximum fluorescence, and Fo is initial fluorescence intensity.

[0058] Preferably, when processing the data acquired by the first acquisition unit 210, the central control unit 300 can use dedicated bioimaging software (such as FluoView or a custom algorithm) to analyze the fluorescence intensity distribution and generate a heatmap to show the spatial differences in plant photosynthetic efficiency. Preferably, when processing the data acquired by the first acquisition unit 210, the central control unit 300 can also combine a fluorescence kinetic model (such as the Kautsky effect) to generate a chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic curve for the plant.

[0059] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the acquisition unit 200 may include a second acquisition unit 220 for acquiring the vegetation reflectance spectrum within the planting area to determine the vegetation index of the plants, especially the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), to assess the health status and leaf coverage of the plants. A higher NDVI value indicates that the plants are in a better growth state. Preferably, the second acquisition unit 220 may be configured as a multispectral camera or a hyperspectral camera, which includes the following hardware: a multispectral camera with multi-channel, high spectral resolution, capable of capturing reflected light in multiple bands (such as red light and near-infrared light); a narrowband filter or beam splitter prism for accurately separating the red light (620–750 nm) and near-infrared light (750–900 nm) bands; and a GPS and IMU module for providing accurate geographic location and attitude data.

[0060] Preferably, after receiving the data information acquired by the second acquisition unit 220, the central control unit 300 can first perform preprocessing operations, that is, eliminate the influence of changes in sunlight intensity and terrain through radiometric correction and geometric correction, and then calculate NDVI using the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, NIR is the spectral reflectance in the near-infrared band, and RED is the spectral reflectance in the red band.

[0063] For example, the second acquisition unit 220 may include a first sensor for acquiring light intensity and a second sensor for acquiring plant images, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor can be arranged in substantially opposite directions. The first sensor may have its opening facing along a first direction, and the second sensor may have its opening facing in the opposite direction of the first direction, the first direction being approximately a direction pointing vertically from the ground to the sky. Further, the first sensor may be configured with a plurality of equal numbers of first light channels and second light channels, wherein any one of the first light channels may be connected to its corresponding second light channel, and the first light channel may be located in the first direction of the second light channel. Preferably, the diffuser component of the first light channel may be disposed in the first direction of the lens component of the first light channel, and a detection component, a filter component, and a protection component are sequentially disposed in the second light channel along the first direction. Further, after sunlight enters the first light channel, due to the increased transmittance of sunlight by the diffuser component, more light enters the first light channel and is focused by the lens component, wherein the lens component is a convex lens capable of focusing light. A protective component made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is placed between the lens assembly and the filter assembly to protect the optical components and prevent damage from collisions. Light focused by the lens assembly passes through the protective component to the filter assembly. The filter assembly can be configured with corresponding filters based on a specified wavelength, allowing the filtered light to be detected by the detection component. The intensity of sunlight at the specified wavelength is then obtained and transmitted to the central control unit 300 as an electrical signal for processing. The detection component can be a PIN photodiode; the converted electrical signal must first be converted from current to voltage and amplified before being transmitted to the central control unit 300. Preferably, the number of the first and second optical channels in the first sensor can be determined based on the number of specified wavelengths. That is, for each specified wavelength, the first sensor adds a first and second optical channel corresponding to that wavelength, and a filter assembly corresponding to that specified wavelength is placed in the corresponding second optical channel. Furthermore, when the first sensor is configured with multiple first channels and second channels, it can be arranged in various ways. That is, the arrangement between channels of the same type is not limited, but at least all first channels and their corresponding second channels are arranged in a positional manner. Optionally, several points can be selected from the spectrum as specified wavelengths. In order to determine the influence of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials on light and plant growth, the points selected in the spectrum can at least cover visible light and near-infrared light to obtain grayscale images of the current plant at different wavelengths. Preferably, the wavelength specified in the visible light range can be selected based on the color of the light, wherein the light color of the selected point can include one or more of blue light, green light, and red light; the wavelength specified in the near-infrared light range can be further limited to selecting at least one point in the near-infrared short-wave range.Preferably, the second sensor may be configured with several multi-band imaging sensors or cameras to acquire grayscale images of the current plant at multiple specified wavelengths in sunlight, and transmit the grayscale images of the current plant at each specified wavelength to the central control unit 300. Preferably, the central control unit 300 may calculate the spectral reflectance of the current plant at each specified wavelength based on the light intensity at each specified wavelength and the grayscale value of each pixel in the corresponding plant image, thereby calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) based on the spectral reflectance.

[0064] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the acquisition unit 200 may include a third acquisition unit 230 for acquiring the light intensity and spectral distribution around the plants within the planting area, in order to assess the current near-infrared light intensity and the amount of light that the plants can actually absorb. Preferably, the third acquisition unit 230 may be configured as a light sensor or a spectral analyzer to monitor photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and spectral composition, particularly the photosynthetic photon flux density in the near-infrared band.

[0065] Preferably, the central control unit 300, which receives the data information acquired by the third acquisition unit 230, can extract the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in the red light band. red Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in the blue light band blue Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in the near-infrared band NIR ) and the total photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) within the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) range total It can also calculate the sum of photosynthetic photon flux densities in the red and blue light bands (PPFD). red / blue ), which is the total number of red and blue light photons irradiated per unit area per unit time, and its physical meaning is: the effective light intensity of the two most critical light bands (red light and blue light) received by the plant.

[0066] Preferably, the central control unit 300 can calculate two evaluation parameters based on various types of data information acquired by the acquisition unit 200. The first is the chlorophyll fluorescence signal (Φ), which is used to characterize the photosynthetic activity and photosynthetic efficiency of the plant. The second is the spectral absorption index (SAI), which is based on the plant's spectral absorption of red, blue and near-infrared light, and comprehensively considers spectral utilization efficiency and near-infrared conversion efficiency to evaluate the current spectral resource utilization efficiency of the plant.

[0067] Preferably, the chlorophyll fluorescence signal (Φ) can be calculated from the maximum photochemical efficiency, wherein the calculation formula is:

[0068] Φ=Fv / Fm·K,

[0069] Where Fv / Fm is the maximum photochemical efficiency; K is a correction factor that can be corrected using other data (such as NDVI or canopy temperature).

[0070] Preferably, the spectral absorption index (SAI) can be calculated from the NDVI and the photosynthetic photon flux density in multiple bands, wherein the calculation formula is:

[0071]

[0072] NDVI is the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; PPFD red / blue It is the sum of the photosynthetic photon flux density in the red and blue light bands; PPFD total It is the total photosynthetically active photon flux density within the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) range; PPFD NIR It represents the photosynthetic photon flux density in the near-infrared band; a, b, and c are weighting factors.

[0073] Preferably, the present invention considers the influence of the conversion efficiency of the near-infrared band when assigning the weighting factor c. Specifically, if the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is not used or the material used can hardly convert near-infrared light, the conversion efficiency is approximately 0, and the weighting factor c can be set to 0. The influence of the near-infrared band is not considered when calculating SAI. If the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material used can completely and efficiently convert near-infrared light into red and blue light, the conversion efficiency is approximately 1, and the contribution of the near-infrared band to SAI reaches its maximum.

[0074] This invention specifically considers the contribution of the near-infrared band to SAI when calculating the spectral absorption index (SAI). This innovative design significantly enhances the comprehensive utilization efficiency of plants' full-spectrum resources. Focusing only on the proportion of red and blue bands ignores the potential value of the near-infrared band in the plant's environment. Although near-infrared light contributes limitedly to direct photosynthesis in plants, it has high energy density and a wide wavelength range. Near-infrared conversion materials can effectively convert this "unusable light" into the red and blue light required for plant photosynthesis, improving light energy utilization and the plant's spectral absorption capacity. Simultaneously, considering the impact of the near-infrared band on SAI allows this evaluation parameter to more comprehensively reflect the spectral utilization status of plants under real light conditions, thereby accurately assessing plant growth performance. This invention can more effectively improve the photosynthetic efficiency of plants under complex light conditions (such as natural light or greenhouse environments), fundamentally optimizing plant growth potential. Furthermore, the rational utilization of the near-infrared band can reduce the plant's need for excessive supplemental lighting, lowering energy consumption in agricultural production, and has significant ecological and economic benefits. This technology not only breaks through the limitations of traditional light utilization in theory, but also provides a practically applicable solution for the development of precision agriculture.

[0075] Furthermore, the central control unit 300 can characterize the actual growth status of the plant based on the aforementioned evaluation parameters. The plant's growth status is mainly affected by photosynthetic efficiency, light environment, and overall nutrient accumulation. The comprehensive calculation of chlorophyll fluorescence signal and spectral absorption index can almost cover the core indicators related to photosynthesis. Preferably, the central control unit 300 can use the aforementioned evaluation parameters to calculate a comprehensive evaluation index based on plant photosynthetic efficiency and spectral absorption capacity—the growth status parameter (GSP). Its calculation formula is as follows:

[0076] GSP = w1·Φ + w2·SAI,

[0077] Among them, w1 and w2 are the weighting factors of the corresponding parameters, which are used to adjust the contribution of different parameters to GSP, and can be obtained through experimental calibration.

[0078] Preferably, GSP can dynamically assess the growth and health status of plants, directly reflecting photosynthetic efficiency and light energy utilization efficiency.

[0079] Preferably, the central control unit 300 can adjust the operating parameters of the sprayer 100 (mainly the spraying pressure of the pressure regulating valve 140) based on the changing trend of GSP, so as to change the application amount of the suspension sprayed from the sprayer 100 by adjusting the spraying pressure of the pressure regulating valve 140.

[0080] Preferably, to ensure the suspension is sprayed at an appropriate flow rate and atomization level, the central control unit 300 controls the pressure regulating valve 140 to achieve precise control of the spraying parameters. Specifically, during the initialization phase, the central control unit 300 can set a default pressure value and an ideal GSP target range for different crop types. During operation, the acquisition unit 200 acquires the latest plant growth status data, and the central control unit 300 calculates the current GSP. Subsequently, the central control unit 300 compares and analyzes the real-time monitored GSP with the preset target range: if the GSP is lower than the target minimum value (GSP... target_min If the GSP exceeds the target maximum value (GSP), it indicates that the plant may need additional stimulation to improve its growth status; conversely, if the GSP exceeds the target maximum value (GSP), it indicates that the plant may need additional stimulation to improve its growth status. target_max If the concentration of GSP is low, it means the application rate should be reduced, and manual intervention may be necessary to reduce the suspension adhering to the leaves to avoid over-stimulation. Based on the above judgment, the central control unit 300 can adopt an incremental adjustment strategy, that is, gradually adjust the setting value of the pressure regulating valve 140 in small steps ΔP. ​​For example, when GSP is lower than the target range, the new setting value can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, Psetpoint The equation represents the setpoint for pressure regulating valve 140. The left side of the equation represents the new setpoint, and the right side represents the old setpoint. (GSP) target_min The target minimum value is defined as GSP, which is the real-time monitored GSP value, and ΔP is the preset step size.

[0083] Once the new P is determined setpoint The central control unit 300 sends a command to the pressure regulating valve 140 in the sprayer 100, causing it to operate according to the newly set pressure, thereby achieving precise control over the amount of suspension applied. In addition, the system records the timestamp of each adjustment and the old P... setpoint New P setpoint Real-time GSP and other relevant parameters facilitate later review and optimization. This closed-loop control scheme not only ensures that plants are always in optimal growth condition, but also forms a stable feedback loop through continuous monitoring, further improving the system's intelligence level and application effect.

[0084] Given that different crop species have varying requirements and responses to near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials, the central control unit 300 can customize the algorithm for specific crops to ensure the system's applicability and effectiveness. As the seasons change or the crop growth cycle progresses, plant needs also evolve; therefore, it is necessary to periodically update the GSP target range and adjust the control parameters accordingly to maintain long-term stability and adaptability.

[0085] Preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the application system of the present invention may further include a mobile unit 400 for moving within the planting area. Its configuration type can be determined according to the area and actual conditions of the planting area. For example, the mobile unit 400 may be configured as an unmanned vehicle, a sliding component that slides on a rail mounted on the ceiling, a drone, etc. Preferably, the sprayer 100 and / or the data acquisition unit 200 may be mounted on the mobile unit 400 and can move with the mobile unit 400 within the planting area. Preferably, the central control unit 300 may be mounted on the mobile unit 400 and connected to the sprayer 100 and the data acquisition unit 200 via a short-distance wired or wireless connection to reduce data transmission latency and improve data transmission stability; or the central control unit 300 may not be mounted on the mobile unit 400 but may be connected to the sprayer 100 and the data acquisition unit 200 via a medium-to-long-distance wireless connection to reduce the load on the mobile unit 400 and allow the current plant growth status to be directly visualized on a display unit connected to the central control unit 300.

[0086] According to a preferred embodiment, for a laboratory conducting research on rapid plant propagation using sunlight, the mobile unit 400 of the present invention can be configured as a slider capable of sliding on a slide rail, so that when the acquisition unit 200 is mounted on the mobile unit 400, it can acquire sampling information of each plant in the planting area and transmit it to the central control unit 300 for processing to obtain the growth status of each plant. The acquisition unit 200 can move with the mobile unit 400, and when sampling any plant in the planting area, when the movement path of the mobile unit 400 is planned and determined, the plants in the planting area will be assigned corresponding sequence values. The sampled plant can be set as the current plant, and in the specified sequence, the plant whose sequence value is one unit earlier than the current plant can be set as the previous sequence plant, and the plant whose sequence value is one unit later than the current plant can be set as the next sequence plant. The sequence naming of the plants changes dynamically with the movement of the mobile unit 400. Preferably, the mobile unit 400 may also be equipped with a sprayer 100 capable of storing and distributing the suspension. The outlet of the sprayer 100 is oriented towards the planting area, allowing the suspension to be sprayed onto the plants in the planting area in the form of mist droplets. Preferably, the sprayer 100 can adjust the spraying method in response to a control signal from the central control unit 300. The control signal is the application amount that the central control unit 300 calculates based on the sampling information acquired by the acquisition unit 200 and analyzes the plant growth status to determine the optimal application rate for the suspension to adhere to the plant leaf surface and maximize the plant's photosynthetic rate.

[0087] like Figure 4As shown, for plants planted in rows in a planting area, the moving unit 400 typically has two moving directions: horizontal and vertical. The direction parallel or opposite to the direction of any row of plants can be defined as horizontal, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal in a plane is defined as vertical. Furthermore, when moving horizontally, the moving unit 400 can be positioned above the gap between adjacent rows of plants, allowing the sampling unit 200 on one side of the moving unit 400 to sample one row of plants, while the sprayer 100 on the other side can spray a suspension onto the other row of plants. Furthermore, the moving unit 400 can move longitudinally from one gap to another without turning, maintaining the orientation of the sampling unit 200 and the sprayer 100 on the moving unit 400. Preferably, when the moving unit 400 moves laterally to the end of the current gap, its direction of translation from the current gap to the adjacent gap (i.e., vertical) is approximately parallel to the direction of the sprayer 100 pointing towards the collection unit 200. This ensures that when the moving unit 400 moves laterally to the end of the current gap, the row of plants sampled by the collection unit 200 can be sprayed with the suspension by the sprayer 100 while the moving unit 400 has moved vertically to the adjacent gap and then moved laterally. Further, taking the starting position as the observation point, when the moving unit 400 moves laterally, if it moves away from the starting position, the lateral movement can be set as positive lateral; conversely, if it moves closer to the starting position, the lateral movement can be set as negative lateral. Further, taking the starting position as the observation point, when the moving unit 400 moves longitudinally, if it moves away from the starting position, the lateral movement can be set as positive longitudinal; conversely, if it moves closer to the starting position, the lateral movement can be set as negative longitudinal.

[0088] For example, in a current planting area, there are three rows of plants (A, B, and C). The starting position of the moving unit 400 is located above the gap between the plants in row A and the side furthest from the plants in row B. The moving unit 400 moves horizontally along the current gap and samples the plants in row A through the sampling unit 200. When the moving unit 400 moves to the end of the current gap, it moves vertically to the adjacent gap between the plants in row A and row B, and then moves horizontally in the adjacent gap. At this time, because the moving unit 400 has moved to the gap between the plants in row A and row B, the name of this gap dynamically changes to the current gap, and the plants in row A... The names of the gaps relative to the side furthest from row B and the gaps between row B and row C are dynamically changed to adjacent gaps. When the moving unit 400 makes a secondary movement along the reverse lateral direction in the current gap between row A and row B, the sprayer 100 can perform a spraying operation controlled by the central control unit 300 on row A, while the sampling unit 200 can sample row B. When the moving unit 400 moves to the end of the current gap, it moves along the positive longitudinal direction to the adjacent gap between row B and row C, and moves along the positive lateral direction in the adjacent gap. The above pattern is repeated until the moving unit 400 moves to the endpoint position.

[0089] By performing the plant information collection and spraying operations in the above-described manner, the software and hardware configuration requirements can be reduced by deliberately extending the time interval between the acquisition of the current plant sampling data from the collection unit 200 and the sprayer 100 responding to the control signal from the central control unit 300 to perform the spraying operation, thereby reducing installation and operation costs. Furthermore, the work efficiency can be improved by the movement unit 400 maintaining almost continuous movement or intermittent movement with short pauses.

[0090] Preferably, the sampling period of the acquisition unit 200 is usually shorter than the spraying period of the sprayer 100, so that the central control unit 300 will start the sprayer 100 to perform the spraying operation only when it determines, based on the sampling information of the acquisition unit 200, that the amount of leaf surface adhesion of at least some plants in the current planting area is lower than the set threshold.

[0091] Preferably, such as Figure 4As shown, after the moving unit 400 moves from the starting position to the ending position along the first trajectory 410, it can return from the ending position to the starting position along the second trajectory 420 after a certain time interval. The second trajectory 420 coincides with the first trajectory 410 on the line, but in the opposite direction. This is because when the sprayer 100 mounted on the moving unit 400 performs a spraying operation while moving with the moving unit 400, the suspension sprayed from the sprayer 100 has an inertial effect. When it falls in the opposite direction of the first direction, it also has a component vector offset along the direction of movement. This allows the plant (especially its leaves) to have a front side and a back side relative to the moving direction of the moving unit 400, and the front side receives relatively more suspension than the back side. Therefore, by having the moving unit 400, which has completed its movement along the first trajectory 410, return to its starting position along the second trajectory 420, the front and back sides of the plant are exchanged. This allows for re-spraying of plants with lower suspension adhesion on some leaf surfaces based on the results of secondary sampling, ensuring the light energy utilization rate of the plant leaves. Preferably, for the first trajectory 410, the longitudinal movement of the moving unit 400 typically only includes movement along the positive longitudinal direction; for the second trajectory 420, the longitudinal movement of the moving unit 400 typically only includes movement along the negative longitudinal direction. The reason for the time interval is that there is usually a certain lag time between the application of the suspension and the observation of significant growth changes (i.e., changes in GSP). During this time period, the plant's response may be gradual rather than immediate. Therefore, a certain time interval (i.e., lag time t) is needed after the moving unit 400 reaches its endpoint along the first trajectory 410. 滞后 Then return to the starting position along the second trajectory 420 to ensure the effectiveness of data collection during the movement along the second trajectory 420.

[0092] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the central control unit 300 can generate a curve of GSP (Gas Spray Speed) changing over time for each plant. This curve includes both the expected curve and the actual curve. The central control unit 300 can analyze the spraying operation based on the comparison of the two curves. Figure 5 As shown, the spraying node of the current cycle is taken as the zero point of time, and from the zero point of time to t... 滞后 The area enclosed by the two curves during the time interval can serve as a quantitative indicator to measure the deviation between the actual and expected growth states. A larger area indicates a greater difference between the actual and expected GSP values, suggesting that the promotion effect of the infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material on plant growth deviates from the expected target. The central control unit 300 can determine whether further intervention is needed based on the area of ​​the aforementioned graph. For example, when the area exceeds a preset threshold, a detection signal for the sprayer 100 and / or the plant growth environment can be generated, and a response signal can be sent at time t.滞后 At the corresponding time point, the real-time GSP also failed to reach the target minimum value (GSP). target_min When applying the suspension, a supplemental spray can be performed simultaneously to quickly bring the actual GSP value to the target. Preferably, when applying the suspension supplemental spray to individual plants, the central control unit 300 aims to achieve the desired actual curve at t 周期 The spraying pressure for re-spraying is determined with the goal of roughly intersecting the expected curve at the corresponding time point, to ensure that these re-sprayed plants can still have roughly the same spraying cycle as other plants. Furthermore, at t 周期 The control objective of the central control unit 300 is to ensure that the actual curve intersects the expected curve at the corresponding time point. However, this is usually not the case in reality. Therefore, at t 周期 The GSP deviation value corresponding to the two curves at the corresponding time points can be used as the personalized characteristic value of the plant, so that the central control unit 300 can perform targeted calculations for the personalized characteristic values ​​of different plants in subsequent analysis. Preferably, if a large number of plants need to be sprayed with suspension, the central control unit 300 can redetermine the spraying cycle (t) according to the actual situation. 周期 This allows for a new spraying cycle that is better suited to these plants.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] This embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1, and repeated content will not be described again.

[0095] This invention discloses a method for applying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials for rapid crop propagation, which can be implemented using the application system described in Example 1.

[0096] Preferably, such as Figure 6 As shown, the application method of the present invention may include the following steps:

[0097] The near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is prepared as a suspension and stored in the sprayer 100;

[0098] Acquire data related to plant growth status, analyze the plant growth status within the planting area, and determine the operating parameters of the sprayer 100 accordingly.

[0099] A suspension of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is sprayed onto the plants in the planting area and adheres to the surface of each plant's leaves.

[0100] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. This specification contains multiple inventive concepts; phrases such as "preferred" or "according to a preferred embodiment" indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept. The applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept. Throughout the text, the feature introduced by "preferred" is only an optional mode and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. An application system for a near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material for rapid crop propagation, characterized in that, It includes: Sprayer (100) for containing and spraying near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material; The data acquisition unit (200) is used to acquire data information related to plant growth status; The central control unit (300) is used to analyze the plant growth status in the planting area based on the data information acquired by the acquisition unit (200), and to determine the working parameters of the sprayer (100) accordingly. The near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is stored in the sprayer (100) in a suspended form, so that the sprayer (100) can spray the suspension of the near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material onto the plants in the planting area and adhere to the leaf surface of each plant in response to the control signal generated by the central control unit (300) after processing the data information obtained by the acquisition unit (200). The central control unit (300) can calculate the following evaluation parameters based on various types of data information acquired by the acquisition unit (200): chlorophyll fluorescence signal, which is used to characterize the photosynthetic activity and photosynthetic efficiency of plants; spectral absorption index (SAI), which is used to evaluate the current spectral resource utilization efficiency of plants. Among these, the maximum photochemical efficiency can be used to calculate the chlorophyll fluorescence signal, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and photosynthetic photon flux density of multiple bands can be used to calculate the spectral absorption index (SAI). The calculation formula is as follows: ， NDVI is the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and PPFD is the Proportional Fiber Index. red / blue It is the sum of the photosynthetic photon flux density in the red and blue light bands, PPFD total It is the total photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) within the PAR range; PPFD NIR This represents the photosynthetic photon flux density in the near-infrared band, where a, b, and c are weighting factors. The formula for calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is: ， Wherein, NIR is the spectral reflectance in the near-infrared band, and RED is the spectral reflectance in the red band.

2. The application system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sprayer (100) includes a storage tank (110) for storing the suspension to be sprayed, a conveying component (120) for conveying the suspension from the storage tank (110) to the nozzle (130), and a nozzle (130) for spraying the suspension. The sprayer (100) is provided with a pressure regulating valve (140) for controlling the spraying pressure. The pressure regulating valve (140) is communicatively connected to the central control unit (300) to receive control signals issued by the central control unit (300).

3. The application system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition unit (200) includes a first acquisition unit (210) for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence of plants in the planting area, a second acquisition unit (220) for acquiring vegetation reflectance spectra in the planting area, and a third acquisition unit (230) for acquiring light intensity and spectral distribution around plants in the planting area, so as to acquire maximum photochemical efficiency, normalized vegetation index and photosynthetic photon flux density in multiple bands, respectively.

4. The application system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central control unit (300) can integrate chlorophyll fluorescence signal and spectral absorption index to calculate growth status parameters as a comprehensive evaluation index, so as to dynamically assess the growth and health status of plants and thus directly reflect photosynthetic efficiency and light energy utilization efficiency.

5. The application system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central control unit (300) can dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the sprayer (100) according to the deviation between the target value and the current value of the growth state parameters. The operating parameters of the sprayer (100) include the spraying pressure of the pressure regulating valve (140) so as to change the application amount of the suspension sprayed from the sprayer (100) by adjusting the spraying pressure of the pressure regulating valve (140).

6. The application system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The application system also includes a mobile unit (400) for moving within the planting area, wherein the sprayer (100) and the collection unit (200) can be mounted on the mobile unit (400) and can move with the mobile unit (400) within the planting area.

7. The application system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The moving unit (400) is configured as a slider that can slide on a slide rail and move from a starting position to an ending position along a first trajectory (410), and then return from the ending position to the starting position along a second trajectory (420) after an interval lag time. The second trajectory (420) coincides with the first trajectory (410) on the line, but in the opposite direction to the first trajectory (410).

8. The application system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central control unit (300) can generate a curve of the corresponding growth status parameters of each plant changing over time. The curve includes the expected curve and the actual curve. The central control unit (300) can analyze the spraying operation based on the comparison of the two curves.

9. The application method of the application system for near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion materials for rapid crop propagation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: The near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is prepared as a suspension and stored in a sprayer (100); Acquire data related to plant growth status, analyze the plant growth status within the planting area, and determine the working parameters of the sprayer (100) accordingly; A suspension of near-infrared electromagnetic wave conversion material is sprayed onto the plants in the planting area and adheres to the surface of each plant's leaves.

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