Workpiece loading positioning device for a ball race grinding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a workpiece loading and positioning device of a ball piece grinder in the technical field of grinders, which comprises a male die positioning mechanism and a female die positioning mechanism matched with the male die positioning mechanism; the male die positioning mechanism comprises a male die large-bowl positioning unit, a male die small-bowl positioning unit and a male die small-ball positioning unit, the male die small-bowl positioning unit is installed on the male die large-bowl positioning unit, and the male die small-ball positioning unit is installed on the male die small-bowl positioning unit; the female die positioning mechanism comprises a female die large-bowl positioning unit, a female die small-bowl positioning unit and a female die small-ball positioning unit, the female die small-bowl positioning unit is installed on the female die large-bowl positioning unit, and the female die small-ball positioning unit is installed on the female die small-bowl positioning unit. The spherical workpiece can be polished in two parts, the polishing parts do not overlap, and the polishing precision and effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball grinding machine, within the field of grinding machine technology. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical workpieces include hemispherical bowl-shaped workpieces and complete spherical workpieces. When grinding them with a grinder, the workpiece needs to be positioned and loaded, fixed in place, and then ground with a grinding tool. During positioning and loading, part of the workpiece must be clamped while the other part is ground. However, grinding in two parts inevitably results in some overlap of the workpiece during grinding, affecting the grinding accuracy and effect, and reducing the quality of the finished workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball grinding machine, which can realize the grinding of spherical workpieces in two parts without overlapping grinding areas, thereby improving grinding accuracy and effect.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball grinding machine, comprising a punch positioning mechanism and a die positioning mechanism; the punch positioning mechanism includes a punch large bowl positioning unit, a punch small bowl positioning unit, and a punch small ball positioning unit, wherein the punch small bowl positioning unit is mounted on the punch large bowl positioning unit, and the punch small ball positioning unit is mounted on the punch small bowl positioning unit; the die positioning mechanism includes a die large bowl positioning unit, a die small bowl positioning unit, and a die small ball positioning unit, wherein the die small bowl positioning unit is mounted on the die large bowl positioning unit, and the die small ball positioning unit is mounted on the die small bowl positioning unit.

[0005] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: The large bowl-shaped workpiece within the spherical workpiece is positioned using a punch bowl positioning unit and a die bowl positioning unit, respectively. The rim of the large bowl-shaped workpiece is inverted on the punch bowl positioning unit, ensuring that the outer wall of the large bowl-shaped workpiece is completely within the grinding range of the grinding tool. After the outer wall is ground, the outer periphery of the large bowl-shaped workpiece is fixed to the die bowl positioning unit, ensuring that the inner wall of the large bowl-shaped workpiece is completely within the grinding range of the grinding tool. This allows for the complete grinding of both the inner and outer walls of the large bowl-shaped workpiece in two stages, without any overlapping grinding areas. Similarly, the small bowl-shaped workpiece can be positioned and ground using punch and die bowl positioning units. For the complete spherical workpiece, it is positioned and loaded using punch and die ball positioning units, and its two symmetrical hemispheres are ground separately. This allows for the grinding of spherical workpieces in two parts, with no overlapping grinding areas, improving grinding accuracy and effectiveness.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the punch bowl positioning unit includes a punch bowl base, a punch bowl floating ring concentrically fitted on the punch bowl base, a plurality of punch bowl adjusting grooves formed on the punch bowl floating ring, and punch bowl positioning pins inserted into the punch bowl adjusting grooves. All punch bowl positioning pins are located on the same circular surface, one end of the punch bowl positioning pin passes through the punch bowl floating ring and inserts into the punch bowl floating block, and the punch bowl floating block is inserted into the punch bowl floating ring. In the moving groove, the punch bowl floating groove is opened on the outer periphery of the punch bowl base. The punch bowl floating block can move back and forth in the punch bowl floating groove. The punch bowl floating ring is also opened with multiple sets of punch bowl positioning screw holes. Each set of punch bowl positioning screw holes is connected to a punch bowl positioning washer through punch bowl positioning bolts. The punch bowl base is opened with bowl screw holes, and the punch bowl floating ring is opened with bowl mounting grooves. Bowl mounting grooves and bowl screw holes are matched with bowl fixing bolts.

[0007] Insert the large bowl fixing bolts into the large bowl mounting groove and screw them into the large bowl screw holes. This allows the punch large bowl floating ring to be assembled with the punch large bowl base. Based on the inner diameter of the large bowl workpiece, invert the large bowl workpiece onto the surface of the punch large bowl floating ring and rotate the punch large bowl positioning shim so that the bowl rim of the large bowl workpiece presses against the surface of the punch large bowl positioning shim. Then rotate the punch large bowl floating ring, causing the punch large bowl positioning pin to move towards or away from the center due to the punch large bowl adjusting groove. This causes the punch large bowl floating block to move along the punch large bowl floating groove towards or away from the center, thereby adjusting the position of the punch large bowl positioning pin on the punch large bowl floating ring so that the end of the punch large bowl positioning pin can abut against the inner wall of the large bowl workpiece, thus fixing the position of the large bowl workpiece. This allows the outer wall of the large bowl workpiece to be ground.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the punch bowl positioning unit includes a punch bowl base plate, which is fixedly connected to and concentrically arranged with the punch large bowl base plate. The punch bowl base plate passes through the punch large bowl floating ring, and the punch bowl base plate is concentrically fitted with the punch bowl floating ring. The punch bowl floating ring has multiple punch bowl adjusting grooves, and punch bowl positioning pins are inserted into the punch bowl adjusting grooves. All the punch bowl positioning pins are on the same circular surface, and one end of the punch bowl positioning pin passes through the punch bowl floating ring and is inserted into the punch bowl. In the floating block, the punch cup floating block is inserted into the punch cup floating groove. The punch cup floating groove is opened on the outer periphery of the punch cup base. The punch cup floating block can move back and forth in the punch cup floating groove. The punch cup positioning ring is also opened with multiple sets of punch cup positioning screw holes. Each set of punch cup positioning screw holes is connected to a punch cup positioning washer through punch cup positioning bolts. The punch cup base is opened with small bowl screw holes. The punch cup floating ring is opened with small bowl mounting grooves. Small bowl mounting grooves and small bowl screw holes are matched with small bowl fixing bolts.

[0009] Insert the small bowl fixing bolt into the small bowl mounting groove and screw it into the small bowl screw hole to assemble the punch small bowl floating ring and punch small bowl base together. According to the inner diameter of the small bowl workpiece, invert the small bowl workpiece on the surface of the punch small bowl floating ring and rotate the punch small bowl positioning shim so that the bowl edge of the small bowl workpiece presses against the surface of the punch small bowl positioning shim. Then rotate the punch small bowl floating ring so that the punch small bowl positioning pin moves towards or away from the center due to the punch small bowl adjusting groove. This causes the punch small bowl floating block to move along the punch small bowl floating groove towards or away from the center, thereby adjusting the position of the punch small bowl positioning pin on the punch small bowl floating ring so that the end of the punch small bowl positioning pin can abut against the inner wall of the small bowl workpiece, thereby fixing the position of the small bowl workpiece. In this way, the outer wall of the small bowl workpiece can be ground.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the punch ball positioning unit includes a hollow punch ball column, which is concentrically fixedly connected to the punch bowl base. The hollow punch ball column passes through the punch bowl floating ring, and the front end of the hollow punch ball column is open. The inner wall of the hollow punch ball column is machined into a frustum shape. The inner diameter of the hollow punch ball column is smaller as it gets closer to the punch bowl base. The centers of the hollow punch ball column, the punch bowl floating ring, the punch bowl base, the punch bowl floating ring, and the punch bowl base are interconnected.

[0011] When a spherical workpiece is placed inside the hollow cylinder of the punch, its hemisphere contacts the inner wall of the frustum within the hollow cylinder. By inserting a vacuum tube into the center of the hollow cylinder, the floating ring of the punch bowl, the base of the punch bowl, the floating ring of the punch large bowl, and the base of the punch large bowl, the opening of the vacuum tube is positioned directly opposite the center of the hemisphere of the spherical workpiece inside the hollow cylinder. Activating the vacuum pump will firmly hold the spherical workpiece inside the hollow cylinder, allowing the grinding tool to grind the other hemisphere outside the hollow cylinder.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the die ball positioning unit includes a hollow die ball column, the front end of the hollow die ball column is open, the inner wall of the hollow die ball column is machined into a frustum shape, the inner diameter of the hollow die ball column is smaller towards its rear end, the hollow die ball column matches the hollow punch ball column, and a die vacuum hole is opened at the center of the rear end of the hollow die ball column.

[0013] In this way, the other hemisphere of the spherical workpiece is placed into the hollow column of the die cavity, and contacts the inner wall of the frustum in the hollow column of the die cavity. The vacuum tube is inserted into the vacuum hole of the die cavity, and the vacuum pump is started, which can firmly adsorb the spherical workpiece in the hollow column of the die cavity, so that the grinding tool can grind the hemisphere outside the hollow column of the die cavity.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the positioning unit of the concave mold bowl includes a concave mold fixing ring, which is fitted on the outer periphery of the front end of the hollow column of the concave mold ball. The concave mold fixing ring and the concave mold bowl cylinder are fixedly connected by bolts. The inner wall of the concave mold bowl cylinder is machined into a frustum shape, and its inner diameter is smaller as it gets closer to the concave mold fixing ring. The concave mold bowl cylinder matches the floating ring of the punch bowl.

[0015] In this way, the outer wall of the small bowl workpiece is placed into the concave mold small bowl cylinder, and contacts the inner wall of the concave mold small bowl cylinder. Since the concave mold small bowl cylinder is open at both ends and is connected to the hollow column of the concave mold small ball, the vacuum pump is started to draw a vacuum, so that the small bowl workpiece is adsorbed in the concave mold small bowl cylinder, which makes it convenient for the grinding tool to grind the inner wall of the small bowl workpiece.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the positioning unit of the die bowl includes a die bowl cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the die fixing ring by bolts. The inner wall of the die bowl cylinder is machined into a frustum shape, and its inner diameter is smaller as it gets closer to the die fixing ring. The die bowl cylinder matches the punch bowl floating ring.

[0017] In this way, the outer wall of the large bowl workpiece is placed into the concave mold large bowl cylinder, and contacts the inner wall of the concave mold large bowl cylinder. Since the concave mold large bowl cylinder is open at both ends and is connected to the hollow column of the concave mold small ball, the vacuum pump is started to draw a vacuum, so that the large bowl workpiece is adsorbed in the concave mold large bowl cylinder, which makes it convenient for the grinding tool to grind the inner wall of the large bowl workpiece.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, flexible anti-collision blocks are fitted on the ends of the large and small cup positioning pins of the punch.

[0019] This flexible anti-collision block contacts the inner wall of the large or small bowl workpiece, thereby preventing the locating pin from colliding hard with the inner wall of the workpiece and causing wear. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punch positioning mechanism for positioning the small bowl workpiece of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punch positioning mechanism for positioning a spherical workpiece according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the punch positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the punch positioning mechanism of the present invention without the floating ring.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the die positioning mechanism for positioning the large bowl workpiece according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the die positioning mechanism of the present invention for positioning the small bowl workpiece.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the die ball positioning unit in the die positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large bowl positioning unit of the die positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the die positioning unit in the die positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] The components include: 1. Die support; 2. Die vacuum tube; 3. Punch support; 4. Punch vacuum tube; 5. Punch large bowl positioning shim; 6. Punch large bowl positioning pin; 7. Punch large bowl floating ring; 8. Small bowl workpiece; 9. Large bowl fixing bolt; 10. Punch large bowl adjustment groove; 11. Large bowl mounting groove; 12. Punch small bowl positioning shim; 13. Spherical workpiece; 14. Small bowl fixing bolt; 15. Punch small bowl positioning pin; 16. Punch small bowl floating ring; 17. Small bowl. Mounting slot, 18. Punch small bowl adjustment slot, 19. Flexible anti-collision block, 20. Punch small ball hollow column, 21. Punch small bowl floating slot, 22. Punch large bowl base plate, 23. Punch large bowl floating block, 24. Punch small bowl floating block, 25. Punch small bowl base plate, 26. Punch large bowl floating slot, 27. Die large bowl cylinder, 28. Large bowl workpiece, 29. Die small bowl cylinder, 30. Die small ball hollow column, 31. Die fixing ring, 32. Die vacuum hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1-10 The workpiece loading and positioning device of a ball grinding machine shown includes a punch positioning mechanism and a die positioning mechanism. The punch positioning mechanism includes a punch large bowl positioning unit, a punch small bowl positioning unit, and a punch small ball positioning unit. The punch small bowl positioning unit is installed on the punch large bowl positioning unit, and the punch small ball positioning unit is installed on the punch small bowl positioning unit. The die positioning mechanism includes a die large bowl positioning unit, a die small bowl positioning unit, and a die small ball positioning unit. The die small bowl positioning unit is installed on the die large bowl positioning unit, and the die small ball positioning unit is installed on the die small bowl positioning unit.

[0032] The punch bowl positioning unit includes a punch bowl base 22, with a punch bowl floating ring 7 concentrically fitted to the punch bowl base 22. The punch bowl floating ring 7 has multiple punch bowl adjusting grooves 10, each fitted with a punch bowl positioning pin 6. All the punch bowl positioning pins 6 are on the same circular surface. One end of each positioning pin 6 passes through the punch bowl floating ring 7 and inserts into a punch bowl floating block 23. The punch bowl floating block 23 is inserted into a punch bowl floating groove 26. The large bowl floating groove 26 is opened on the outer periphery of the large bowl base 22. The large bowl floating block 23 can move back and forth in the large bowl floating groove 26. The large bowl floating ring 7 is also opened with multiple sets of large bowl positioning screw holes. Each set of large bowl positioning screw holes is connected to a large bowl positioning washer 5 through a large bowl positioning bolt. The large bowl base 22 is provided with large bowl screw holes. The large bowl floating ring 7 is provided with large bowl mounting groove 11. The large bowl mounting groove 11 and the large bowl screw holes are matched with large bowl fixing bolts 9.

[0033] The punch bowl positioning unit includes a punch bowl base 25, which is fixedly connected to and concentrically arranged with the punch large bowl base 22. The punch bowl base 25 passes through the punch large bowl floating ring 7, and a punch bowl floating ring 16 is concentrically fitted to the punch bowl base 25. Multiple punch bowl adjusting grooves 18 are provided on the punch bowl floating ring 16, and punch bowl positioning pins 15 are inserted into the adjusting grooves 18. All punch bowl positioning pins 15 are located on the same circular surface, and one end of each positioning pin 15 passes through the punch bowl floating ring 16 and inserts into the punch bowl floating block 24. In the middle, the punch bowl floating block 24 is inserted into the punch bowl floating groove 21. The punch bowl floating groove 21 is opened on the outer periphery of the punch bowl base 25. The punch bowl floating block 24 can move back and forth in the punch bowl floating groove 21. The punch bowl positioning ring is also opened with multiple sets of punch bowl positioning screw holes. Each set of punch bowl positioning screw holes is connected to a punch bowl positioning washer 12 through punch bowl positioning bolts. The punch bowl base 25 is opened with small bowl screw holes. The punch bowl floating ring 16 is opened with small bowl mounting groove 17. The small bowl mounting groove 17 and the small bowl screw holes are matched with small bowl fixing bolts 14.

[0034] The punch ball positioning unit includes a hollow punch ball column 20, which is concentrically fixed to the punch bowl base 25. The hollow punch ball column 20 passes through the punch bowl floating ring 16. The front end of the hollow punch ball column 20 is open, and the inner wall of the hollow punch ball column 20 is machined into a frustum shape. The inner diameter of the hollow punch ball column 20 decreases as it approaches the punch bowl base 25. The centers of the hollow punch ball column 20, the punch bowl floating ring 16, the punch bowl base 25, the punch large bowl floating ring 7, and the punch large bowl base 22 are interconnected. Flexible anti-collision blocks 19 are fitted to the ends of the punch large bowl positioning pin 6 and the punch small bowl positioning pin 15.

[0035] The die ball positioning unit includes a hollow die ball column 30, the front end of which is open, the inner wall of which is machined into a frustum shape, the inner diameter of which decreases towards the rear end, the hollow die ball column 30 is matched with the hollow punch ball column 20, and a die vacuum hole 32 is provided at the center of the rear end of the hollow die ball column 30.

[0036] The positioning unit of the die cup includes a die fixing ring 31, which is fitted on the outer periphery of the front end of the die cup hollow column 30. The die fixing ring 31 is fixedly connected to the die cup cylinder 29 by bolts. The inner wall of the die cup cylinder 29 is machined into a frustum shape, and its inner diameter is smaller as it gets closer to the die fixing ring 31. The die cup cylinder 29 matches the punch cup floating ring 16.

[0037] The positioning unit of the die bowl includes a die bowl cylinder 27, which is fixedly connected to the die fixing ring 31 by bolts. The inner wall of the die bowl cylinder 27 is machined into a frustum shape, and its inner diameter is smaller as it gets closer to the die fixing ring 31. The die bowl cylinder 27 is matched with the punch bowl floating ring 7.

[0038] In this invention, the punch positioning mechanism and the die positioning mechanism are respectively installed on the punch bracket 3 and the die bracket 1. These two brackets are installed on the grinding machine and are corresponding to each other on the left and right. The punch positioning mechanism and the die positioning mechanism are respectively connected to a punch vacuum tube 4 and a die vacuum tube 2. The punch vacuum tube 4 and the die vacuum tube 2 are respectively connected to the punch vacuum pump and the die vacuum pump.

[0039] The following section uses the grinding of three different workpiece sizes—large bowl workpiece 28, small bowl workpiece 8, and spherical workpiece 13—as examples to illustrate the process in detail. When the workpiece being ground is the large bowl 28, the bottom of the large bowl cylinder 27 of the die cavity is fixedly connected to the die cavity fixing ring 31 with bolts, and the small bowl cylinder 29 of the die cavity is removed. Then, the large bowl workpiece 28 is positioned and loaded. First, based on the inner diameter of the large bowl workpiece 28 and the current position of the large bowl positioning pin 6 on the large bowl floating ring 7 of the large bowl punch, it is determined whether the position of the large bowl positioning pin 6 needs to be adjusted to ensure that the large bowl workpiece 28 can be upside down on the large bowl floating ring 7 of the large bowl punch. If the diameter of the circular surface where all the large bowl positioning pins 6 are located is larger than the inner diameter of the large bowl workpiece 28, then the large bowl floating ring 7 of the large bowl punch is rotated, so that the large bowl positioning pins 6 are moved towards the center of the large bowl floating ring 7 by the large bowl adjusting groove 10 of the large bowl punch, thereby driving the large bowl floating block 2. 3. Move along the floating groove 26 of the punch bowl towards the center of the punch bowl base 22, thereby adjusting the position of the punch bowl positioning pin 6 on the punch bowl floating ring 7, so that the diameter of the circular surface where all the punch bowl positioning pins 6 are located is smaller than the inner diameter of the bowl workpiece 28, thereby ensuring that the bowl workpiece 28 can be upside down on the punch bowl floating ring 7. Then, according to the bowl opening diameter of the bowl workpiece 28, rotate the punch bowl positioning shim 5 so that when the bowl workpiece 28 is upside down on the surface of the punch bowl floating ring 7, its bowl opening will press against the surface of the punch bowl positioning shim 5.

[0040] After the large bowl workpiece 28 is inverted on the surface of the punch bowl floating ring 7, the punch bowl floating ring 7 is rotated to move the punch bowl positioning pin 6 outward, so that its end can abut against the inner wall of the large bowl workpiece 28, thereby fixing the position of the large bowl workpiece 28. Then, the large bowl bolt can be screwed on to fix the punch bowl floating ring 7 to the punch bowl base 22, thereby locking the positioning position of the large bowl workpiece 28 of this specification.

[0041] After the large bowl workpiece 28 is inverted onto the punch bowl floating ring 7, the vacuum pump is started. Since the vacuum tube is inserted sequentially from the punch bowl base 22, punch bowl floating ring 7, punch small bowl base 25, punch small bowl floating ring 16, and punch small ball hollow column 20, and the large bowl workpiece 28 is inverted onto the punch bowl floating ring 7 with its inside facing the opening of the vacuum tube, the vacuum pump draws a vacuum, so that the large bowl workpiece 28 is firmly adsorbed onto the punch bowl floating ring 7, and the outer circumference of the large bowl workpiece 28 is polished by the grinding blade of the grinding machine.

[0042] After the outer circumference of the large bowl workpiece 28 is polished, the vacuum pump is turned off, and it is removed from the floating ring 7 of the punch bowl. The hemispherical bowl body of the large bowl workpiece 28 is placed into the concave bowl cylinder 27 and contacts the inner wall of the frustum of the concave bowl cylinder 27. Since the concave bowl cylinder 27 is open at both ends and is connected to the hollow column 30 of the concave small ball, the vacuum pump is started to draw a vacuum, so that the large bowl workpiece 28 is adsorbed in the concave bowl cylinder 27. The inner wall of the large bowl workpiece 28 is polished by the grinding blade of the grinding machine. If the grinding machine itself is equipped with a moving mechanism, after the outer circumference of the large bowl workpiece 28 is ground, it can be moved along with the punch support 3 to the die support 1, so that the bowl body of the large bowl workpiece 28 is aligned with the die large bowl cylinder 27. The bowl body of the large bowl workpiece 28 is then gradually pushed into the die large bowl cylinder 27. The punch vacuum pump is then turned off and the die vacuum pump is turned on. The punch support 3 is moved back to its original position, and the grinding blade of the grinding machine is started to grind the inner wall of the large bowl workpiece 28. After grinding is complete, the die vacuum pump is turned off, and the large bowl workpiece 28 is removed. In this way, the large bowl workpiece 28 is ground in two parts, inner and outer, without any overlapping grinding, resulting in better grinding precision and effect.

[0043] When the small bowl workpiece 8 is being ground, the large bowl cylinder 27 of the die cavity is removed, and the bottom of the small bowl cylinder 29 of the die cavity is fixedly connected to the die cavity fixing ring 31 with bolts. Then, the small bowl workpiece 8 is positioned and loaded. First, based on the inner diameter of the small bowl workpiece 8 and the current position of the small bowl positioning pin 15 on the small bowl floating ring 16 of the die cavity, it is determined whether the position of the small bowl positioning pin 15 needs to be adjusted to ensure that the small bowl workpiece 8 can be upside down on the small bowl floating ring 16 of the die cavity. If the diameter of the circular surface where all the small bowl positioning pins 15 are located is smaller than the inner diameter of the small bowl workpiece 8, then the small bowl floating ring 16 of the die cavity is rotated, so that the small bowl positioning pins 15 are moved towards the center of the small bowl floating ring 16 by the small bowl adjusting groove 18 of the die cavity, thereby driving the small bowl floating block. 24. Move along the floating groove 21 of the punch bowl towards the center of the punch bowl base 25, thereby adjusting the position of the punch bowl positioning pin 15 on the punch bowl floating ring 16, so that the diameter of the circular surface where all the punch bowl positioning pins 15 are located is smaller than the inner diameter of the small bowl workpiece 8, thereby ensuring that the small bowl workpiece 8 can be upside down on the punch bowl floating ring 16. Then, according to the bowl opening diameter of the small bowl workpiece 8, rotate the punch bowl positioning shim 12 so that when the small bowl workpiece 8 is upside down on the surface of the punch bowl floating ring 16, its bowl opening will press against the surface of the punch bowl positioning shim 12.

[0044] After the small bowl workpiece 8 is upside down on the surface of the punch small bowl floating ring 16, continue to rotate the punch small bowl floating ring 16 so that the punch small bowl positioning pin 15 moves outward, so that its end can abut against the inner wall of the small bowl workpiece 8, thereby fixing the position of the small bowl workpiece 8. Then, the small bowl bolt can be screwed to fix the punch small bowl floating ring 16 to the punch small bowl base 25, thereby locking the positioning position of the small bowl workpiece 8 of this specification.

[0045] After the small bowl workpiece 8 is inverted on the punch small bowl floating ring 16, the vacuum pump is started. Since the vacuum tube is inserted sequentially from the punch small bowl base 25, punch small bowl floating ring 16, punch small bowl base 25, punch small bowl floating ring 16 and punch small ball hollow column 20, and the small bowl workpiece 8 is inverted on the punch small bowl floating ring 16 with its inside facing the opening of the vacuum tube, the vacuum pump draws a vacuum, so that the small bowl workpiece 8 is firmly adsorbed on the punch small bowl floating ring 16, and then the grinding blade of the grinding machine grinds the outer circumference of the small bowl workpiece 8.

[0046] After the outer circumference of the small bowl workpiece 8 is polished, the vacuum pump is turned off and it is removed from the floating ring 16 of the punch small bowl. The hemispherical bowl body of the small bowl workpiece 8 is placed into the concave small bowl cylinder 29 and contacts the inner wall of the frustum of the concave small bowl cylinder 29. Since the concave small bowl cylinder 29 is open at both ends and is connected to the hollow column 30 of the concave small ball, the vacuum pump is started to draw a vacuum, so that the small bowl workpiece 8 is adsorbed in the concave small bowl cylinder 29. The inner wall of the small bowl workpiece 8 is polished by the grinding blade of the polishing machine. If the grinding machine itself is equipped with a moving mechanism, after the outer circumference of the small bowl workpiece 8 is ground, it can be moved along with the punch support 3 to the die support 1, so that the bowl body of the small bowl workpiece 8 is aligned with the die small bowl cylinder 29. The bowl body of the small bowl workpiece 8 is then gradually pushed into the die small bowl cylinder 29. The punch vacuum pump is then turned off and the die vacuum pump is turned on. The punch support 3 is moved back to its original position, and the grinding blade of the grinding machine is started to grind the inner wall of the small bowl workpiece 8. After grinding is complete, the die vacuum pump is turned off, and the small bowl workpiece 8 is removed. In this way, the small bowl workpiece 8 is ground in two parts, inner and outer, without any overlapping grinding, resulting in better grinding precision and effect.

[0047] When the workpiece to be ground is a spherical workpiece 13, both the large bowl cylinder 27 and the small bowl cylinder 29 of the die cavity are removed. The spherical workpiece 13 is then placed inside the hollow column 20 of the small ball of the punch, with its hemispherical surface in contact with the inner wall of the frustum within the hollow column 20. Since the vacuum tube is inserted sequentially from the base plate 25 of the small ball of the punch, the floating ring 16 of the small ball of the punch, the base plate 25 of the small ball of the punch, the floating ring 16 of the small ball of the punch, and finally the hollow column 20 of the small ball of the punch, the opening of the vacuum tube is directly opposite the center of the hemispherical surface of the spherical workpiece 13 within the hollow column 20 of the small ball of the punch. Activating the vacuum pump will firmly hold the spherical workpiece 13 within the hollow column 20 of the small ball of the punch, allowing the grinding tool to grind the other hemispherical surface outside the hollow column 20 of the small ball of the punch.

[0048] After the other hemisphere of the spherical workpiece 13 is polished, it is placed directly into the hollow column 30 of the die cavity, and contacts the inner wall of the frustum in the hollow column 30. The vacuum tube is inserted into the vacuum hole 32 of the die cavity, and the vacuum pump is started, which can firmly adsorb the spherical workpiece in the hollow column 30 of the die cavity, so that the grinding tool can polish the hemisphere outside the hollow column 30 of the die cavity. In this way, both symmetrical hemispheres of the spherical workpiece 13 are polished.

[0049] If the grinding machine is equipped with a moving mechanism, after the other hemisphere of the spherical workpiece 13 outside the hollow column 20 of the punch is ground, the moving mechanism can move the punch support 3 to the die support 1, so that the other hemisphere of the spherical workpiece 13, which has been ground, faces the hollow column 30 of the die. The ground hemisphere of the spherical workpiece 13 is then gradually pushed into the hollow column 30 of the die. The punch vacuum pump is then turned off and the die vacuum pump is turned on, so that the spherical workpiece 13 is firmly held in the hollow column 30 of the die. The punch support 3 is then moved back to its original position, and the grinding blade of the grinding machine is started to grind the hemisphere of the spherical workpiece 13 outside the hollow column 30 of the die. After grinding, the die vacuum pump is turned off, and the spherical workpiece 13 is removed.

[0050] This invention can accurately position and load three different sizes of spherical workpieces, enabling the grinding machine to perform precise grinding, providing a foundation for automated grinding, and greatly improving grinding accuracy and effect.

[0051] This invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed herein, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative effort, and all such substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball grinding machine, characterized in that: Includes a punch positioning mechanism, which is equipped with a die positioning mechanism; The punch positioning mechanism includes a punch large bowl positioning unit, a punch small bowl positioning unit, and a punch small ball positioning unit. The punch small bowl positioning unit is installed on the punch large bowl positioning unit, and the punch small ball positioning unit is installed on the punch small bowl positioning unit. The die positioning mechanism includes a die large bowl positioning unit, a die small bowl positioning unit, and a die small ball positioning unit. The die small bowl positioning unit is installed on the die large bowl positioning unit, and the die small ball positioning unit is installed on the die small bowl positioning unit. The punch bowl positioning unit includes a punch bowl base, a punch bowl floating ring concentrically fitted on the punch bowl base, and multiple punch bowl adjusting grooves on the punch bowl floating ring. Punch bowl positioning pins are inserted into the adjusting grooves, and all punch bowl positioning pins are located on the same circular surface. One end of each positioning pin passes through the punch bowl floating ring and inserts into a punch bowl floating block, which is inserted into the punch bowl floating groove. The large bowl floating groove is opened on the outer periphery of the large bowl base of the punch. The large bowl floating block can move back and forth in the large bowl floating groove. The large bowl floating ring is also opened with multiple sets of large bowl positioning screw holes. Each set of large bowl positioning screw holes is connected to a large bowl positioning washer through a large bowl positioning bolt. The large bowl base is opened with large bowl screw holes. The large bowl floating ring is opened with large bowl mounting groove. The large bowl mounting groove and the large bowl screw holes are matched with large bowl fixing bolts. The punch bowl positioning unit includes a punch bowl base plate, which is fixedly connected to and concentrically arranged with the punch large bowl base plate. The punch bowl base plate passes through the punch large bowl floating ring, and the punch bowl base plate is concentrically fitted with the punch small bowl floating ring. Multiple punch small bowl adjusting slots are formed on the punch small bowl floating ring, and punch small bowl positioning pins are inserted into these adjusting slots. All punch small bowl positioning pins are located on the same circular surface. One end of each positioning pin passes through the punch small bowl floating ring and inserts into the punch small bowl floating block. The small cup floating block is inserted into the small cup floating groove of the punch, which is located on the outer periphery of the small cup base. The small cup floating block can move back and forth within the small cup floating groove. The small cup positioning ring also has multiple sets of small cup positioning screw holes. Each set of small cup positioning screw holes is connected to a small cup positioning washer through a small cup positioning bolt. The small cup base has a small cup screw hole, and the small cup floating ring has a small cup mounting groove. The small cup mounting groove and the small cup screw hole are matched with small cup fixing bolts. The punch ball positioning unit includes a hollow punch ball column, which is concentrically fixed to the punch bowl base. The hollow punch ball column passes through the punch bowl floating ring. The front end of the hollow punch ball column is open. The inner wall of the hollow punch ball column is machined into a frustum shape. The inner diameter of the hollow punch ball column is smaller as it gets closer to the punch bowl base. The centers of the hollow punch ball column, the punch bowl floating ring, the punch bowl base, the punch bowl floating ring, and the punch bowl base are interconnected.

2. A workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball finishing machine according to claim 1, wherein: The die ball positioning unit includes a hollow die ball column with an open front end. The inner wall of the hollow die ball column is machined into a frustum shape. The inner diameter of the hollow die ball column decreases towards its rear end. The hollow die ball column matches the hollow punch ball column. A die vacuum hole is opened at the center of the rear end of the hollow die ball column.

3. A workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball finishing machine as defined in claim 2 wherein: The positioning unit of the die cup includes a die fixing ring, which is fitted on the outer periphery of the front end of the hollow die ball. The die fixing ring and the die cup cylinder are fixedly connected by bolts. The inner wall of the die cup cylinder is machined into a frustum shape, and its inner diameter is smaller as it gets closer to the die fixing ring. The die cup cylinder matches the punch cup floating ring.

4. A workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball finishing machine according to claim 3 wherein: The positioning unit of the die bowl includes a die bowl cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the die fixing ring by bolts. The inner wall of the die bowl cylinder is machined into a frustum shape, and its inner diameter is smaller as it gets closer to the die fixing ring. The die bowl cylinder is matched with the punch bowl floating ring.

5. A workpiece loading and positioning device for a ball finishing machine as defined in claim 4 wherein: Flexible anti-collision blocks are fitted at the ends of the large and small cup positioning pins of the punch.

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