Linear rainwater gutter coupled with a biological retention function

Abstract

The application discloses a linear rainwater ditch coupled with a biological retention function, which comprises a rainwater ditch, a baffle is arranged in the rainwater ditch, and the baffle divides the rainwater ditch into a first channel and a second channel; an open top is formed on the first channel and is used for entering rainwater; a baffle is arranged on the top of the second channel to close the second channel, and the second channel is communicated with a drain pipe; the baffle is at least partially formed with a filter screen, the first channel and the second channel are communicated at the filter screen, and the second channel is filled with biological retention filler. The linear rainwater ditch occupies a smaller area and can be arranged in different areas, so that the linear rainwater ditch can be applied to different scenes. In addition, the suspended matters and impurities in rainwater are removed through the filter screen, then the rainwater preliminarily treated through the filter screen enters the second channel, and the rainwater is treated through the biological retention filler in the second channel to remove soluble or smaller-size pollutants. In this way, the pollutants in the rainwater are fully and effectively treated through twice filtration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of urban stormwater runoff pollution control technology, and particularly to a linear stormwater ditch coupled with bioretention function. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main control technologies for urban stormwater runoff pollution include: pretreatment technologies, which control pollution at the source, such as green roofs and permeable paving; process control technologies, which intercept pollution during transmission, such as vegetation buffer zones and ecological swales; and end-of-pipe treatment technologies, which involve centralized treatment at the end, such as constructed wetlands, sedimentation tanks, and filtration systems.

[0003] Storm drains are an important component of urban drainage systems and serve as the "entry point" for surface rainwater to enter underground pipe networks or ecological facilities. Currently, conventional storm drains mainly come in two forms: storm grates and linear storm drains. Their function is to quickly drain rainwater from the ground, but neither has the function of treating stormwater pollution, or their function of treating stormwater pollution is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function, which can effectively control rainwater runoff pollution.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function includes a rainwater ditch with a baffle plate inside, which divides the rainwater ditch into a first channel and a second channel; the first channel has an opening at the top for rainwater to enter, and the second channel is closed by a baffle plate at the top, and the second channel is connected to a drain pipe; the baffle plate is at least partially constructed with a filter screen, the first channel and the second channel are connected at the filter screen, and the second channel is filled with bioretention packing material.

[0006] Its beneficial effects are as follows: The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function in this embodiment occupies a small area and can be set in different areas, making it applicable to different scenarios. Furthermore, by setting up a filter screen to remove suspended solids and other impurities from the rainwater, the rainwater, after preliminary treatment by the filter screen, enters the second channel. The rainwater then passes through the bioretention packing material in the second channel to remove soluble or smaller pollutants. Thus, through a two-stage filtration process, pollutants in the rainwater are thoroughly and effectively treated.

[0007] Preferably, the area of ​​the partition near the opening is equipped with a filter screen, at least a portion of which is located above the bioretention packing material, and the area where the drain pipe communicates with the second channel is located below the top of the bioretention packing material.

[0008] Preferably, the area of ​​the partition near the opening is constructed with multiple filter screens, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the rainwater ditch. An overflow plate is provided between every two filter screens, and a water passage hole is defined between the side of the overflow plate near the baffle and the baffle. The overflow plate is a waterproof plate.

[0009] Preferably, the filter screen includes a lower section filter screen and an upper section filter screen arranged sequentially along the height, wherein the filter holes of the lower section filter screen are smaller than those of the upper section filter screen.

[0010] Preferably, the filter screen is constructed as multiple layers in the thickness direction.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a flushing pipeline, which is located next to the filter screen and is equipped with multiple nozzles, with the water spray direction of the nozzles facing the filter screen.

[0012] Preferably, the bioretention packing material includes: quartz sand, pyrite, and biochar; bacteria are cultured in the bioretention packing material.

[0013] Specifically, the content of quartz sand is 40%-60%, the content of biochar is 20%-30%, and the content of pyrite is 20%-30%.

[0014] Preferably, the bio-retention packing contains bacteria including denitrifying thiobacillus; a second space is left between the bio-retention packing and the bottom of the second channel, and the area where the drain pipe communicates with the second channel is located above the second space. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a linear rainwater ditch structure with coupled bioretention function disclosed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter and overflow plate disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function disclosed in the embodiments of this application from another perspective; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the area corresponding to region A in the middle.

[0016] In the picture: 100-Rainwater Ditch; 110-Baffle, 111-Filter screen, 1111-Lower section filter screen, 1112-Upper section filter screen, 1113-First filter screen, 1114-Second filter screen, 112-Overflow plate; 120 - First passage, 121 - Opening; 130 - Second channel, 131 - Baffle 140 - Drain pipe; 150 - Bioretention packing material; 160 - Flushing pipe, 161 - Sprayer head, 162 - Quick-connect water connector; a-First interval space, b-Second interval space, c-Water passage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Rainwater usually carries certain pollutants, such as heavy metals, grease, suspended solids, and nutrients, which are deposited on hardened surfaces like roads and roofs and are washed away by rainwater.

[0019] For further processing, please refer to Figures 1-4 This application provides a linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function, including a rainwater ditch 100. A partition is provided inside the rainwater ditch 100, which divides the rainwater ditch 100 into a first channel 120 and a second channel 130. An opening 121 is constructed above the first channel 120 for rainwater to enter. A baffle 131 is provided next to the opening 121, which closes the second channel 130 and the second channel 130 is connected to a drain pipe 140. At least part of the partition is constructed with a filter screen 111, and the second channel 130 is filled with bioretention filler 150.

[0020] In some examples, the drainage ditch 100 can be constructed using resin concrete, which offers advantages such as high strength, corrosion resistance, and rapid construction. It also allows for modular assembly and flexible switching between resin concrete and ordinary drainage inlets, thereby improving construction and installation efficiency. A perforated cover plate can be installed on the opening 121 to shield the first channel 120 while allowing rainwater to pass through.

[0021] Compared to existing technologies, bioretention facilities equipped with bioretention packing material 150 are large in size and can only be used in specific scenarios. The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function in this embodiment is modularized. Since it can be applied to any rainwater collection location and occupies a small area, the application scenarios of bioretention packing material 150 are more extensive. Furthermore, the treatment of rainwater by bioretention packing material 150 is transformed into source control, rather than the current process control.

[0022] refer to Figures 1-2Understandably, rainwater slowly flows into the first channel 120 from the opening 121. For example, the opening 121 is equipped with a perforated cover, through which rainwater enters the first channel 120. The rainwater entering the first channel 120 first accumulates until the water level reaches the filter screen 111. The filter screen 111, with its fine pores, performs preliminary filtration of the rainwater, intercepting larger suspended solids and impurities. After preliminary purification by the filter screen 111, the rainwater continues to flow along the first channel 120 to the second channel 130 on the other side of the partition. The second channel 130, as a relatively enclosed space, is filled with bioretention packing material 150. As the rainwater penetrates the bioretention packing material 150, the microorganisms in the packing material and the physical and chemical actions of the packing material itself further remove pollutants such as heavy metal ions and nutrients, achieving deep purification of the rainwater.

[0023] The purified rainwater eventually collects at the bottom of the second channel 130 and is smoothly discharged through the drain pipe 140 connected to the second channel 130. The drain pipe 140 serves as the outlet of the entire linear storm drain system, safely delivering the treated clean rainwater to the urban stormwater network or designated discharge areas to achieve sustainable utilization and management of rainwater resources.

[0024] For example, the bioretention packing 150 includes: quartz sand, pyrite, and biochar. By volume, the content of quartz sand is 40%-60%, the content of biochar is 20%-30%, and the content of pyrite is 20%-30%, with the total amount of each raw material being 100%. The raw materials are evenly distributed to achieve good water flow capacity. Furthermore, bacteria are cultured in the bioretention packing 150 to treat contaminants. Of course, in different embodiments, the above-mentioned raw materials can be replaced and are not limited to the above-mentioned raw materials.

[0025] When rainwater passes through filter 111, it effectively intercepts larger suspended solids and impurities. After initial purification by filter 111, the water quality is improved to some extent, but filter 111 cannot handle dissolved pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). The rainwater then flows to the bioretention packing 150, which is a mixture of quartz sand, pyrite, biochar, and other raw materials in a specific ratio. This packing not only has good permeability and water retention but is also rich in microbial communities that degrade pollutants. When rainwater penetrates this packing layer, the microorganisms within utilize the oxygen and nutrients in the rainwater to treat pollutants such as COD, N, and P through biodegradation. Simultaneously, the physical adsorption and chemical precipitation of the packing itself also play a supporting role in the removal of these pollutants.

[0026] The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function according to the embodiments of this application occupies a small area and can be set in different areas, making it applicable to different scenarios. Furthermore, by setting up a filter screen 111 to remove suspended solids and other impurities from the rainwater, the rainwater that has undergone preliminary treatment by the filter screen 111 enters the second channel 130. The rainwater then passes through the bioretention packing material 150 in the second channel 130 to remove soluble or smaller pollutants. In this way, through two filtration processes, pollutants in the rainwater are thoroughly and effectively treated.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a filter screen 111 is constructed in the area of ​​the partition near the opening 121, and a certain amount of space is left above and below the bio-retention packing 150 in the second channel 130.

[0028] Specifically, the height of the bioretention packing 150 is below the baffle 131, creating a first gap space a between the bioretention packing 150 and the baffle 131. At least a portion of the filter screen 111 is located above the bioretention packing 150, and the area of ​​the baffle 131 away from the opening 121 is impermeable, allowing the first channel 120 to accumulate a certain amount of rainwater. The connecting area between the drain pipe 140 and the second channel 130 has a circular cross-section, and this connecting area is located below the top of the bioretention packing 150. Figure 1 In the middle, along the drainage direction, the projection of the circular cross section is located within the projection range of the bio-retention packing 150.

[0029] For example, more than half of the area of ​​the filter screen 111 is located above the bioretention packing 150. Rainwater overflowing from the first channel 120 flows slowly to the filter screen 111. After preliminary filtration by the filter screen 111, the rainwater flows out of the filter screen 111 and then flows into the top of the bioretention packing 150, or passes through the first interval space a before entering the top of the bioretention packing 150. This ensures that the rainwater can flow slowly out of the filter screen 111 and penetrate the entire bioretention packing 150 layer from top to bottom; thus, the rainwater is in full contact with the bioretention packing 150, and the overflowing rainwater flows slowly, allowing the rainwater to stay in the bioretention packing 150 for a sufficient time, ensuring the effective treatment of rainwater by the bioretention packing 150.

[0030] In some examples, the bioretention packing 150 contains denitrifying thiobacillus and pyrite. When COD (chemical oxygen demand) is sufficient, the conventional bacteria in the bioretention packing 150 can remove COD, N, and P. When COD in the rainfall runoff is insufficient, denitrifying thiobacillus can use pyrite for autotrophic denitrification, and the biochar in the packing module can act as a biological battery to compensate for the slow autotrophic denitrification.

[0031] Specifically, the bio-retention packing material 150 can be set in a module. Before installing the module containing the bio-retention packing material 150 into the rainwater ditch 100, denitrifying thiobacilli can be cultivated in the module to make it contain denitrifying thiobacilli.

[0032] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, a certain space is left below the bioretention packing material 150 in the second channel 130, that is, a second partition space b is left between the bioretention packing material 150 and the bottom of the second channel 130, and the drain pipe 140 is located above the second partition space b. In this way, rainwater will remain after flowing into the second partition space b, thereby providing a suitable environment for the functional denitrifying thiobacilli in the bioretention packing material 150, so as to ensure that the bioretention packing material 150 can stably perform its function of removing pollutants.

[0033] In some preferred examples, the capacity of the second space b is not less than 100 ml, for example, 150 ml, to store the corresponding amount of water.

[0034] Furthermore, during rainfall, the concentration of pollutants in the initial rainwater can be 5 to 10 times that of regular rainwater, making it one of the main sources of urban non-point source pollution. As rainfall increases, the concentration of pollutants in the rainwater decreases.

[0035] Therefore, in some embodiments, the area of ​​the partition near the opening 121 is provided with a plurality of filters 111, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the rainwater ditch 100. An overflow plate 112 is provided between every two filters 111, and a water passage hole 113 is defined between the side of the overflow plate 112 near the baffle 131 and the baffle 131.

[0036] For example Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, both the first channel 120 and the second channel 130 are U-shaped channels with a partition between them. The upper end of the partition has several filter screens 111 and an overflow plate 112. Figure 2 As shown, the filter screen 111 is assembled with the overflow plate 112. The overflow plate 112 is a waterproof plate, and the height of the overflow plate 112 is lower than that of the filter screen 111, so that the above-mentioned water passage hole 113 is left between the upper end of the overflow plate 112 and the baffle 131.

[0037] When the initial rainfall is small, the rainwater enters the first channel 120 directly below the opening 121. Due to the small rainfall, the rainwater slowly overflows from the first channel 120, and the overflow level is below the overflow plate 112. Due to the obstruction of the overflow plate 112, the rainwater needs to flow through the filter screen 111 to the second channel 130, and then come into contact with the bio-retention packing 150 in the second channel 130. Finally, the purified water is discharged to the municipal rainwater system through the outlet pipe.

[0038] It is worth noting that when the rainfall is small, the water flow rate is slow. Also, because the filter screen 111 provides some resistance to the rainwater, the rainwater flowing through the filter screen 111 to the bioretention packing 150 flows slowly, thus allowing it to fully contact the bioretention packing 150 and have enough time to react with the bacteria. This can effectively treat a large amount of pollutants at the beginning of rainfall.

[0039] As the rainfall continues, the increased amount of rainwater causes the liquid level in the first channel 120 to rise rapidly. When the liquid level is level with the upper edge of the overflow plate 112, the rainwater will flow quickly from the water passage 113 above the overflow plate 112 to the second channel 130 and then be discharged.

[0040] Understandably, in the early stages of rainfall, the concentration of pollutants in the rainwater is high. Rainwater overflowing from the first channel 120 flows through the filter screen 111 to the second channel 130. The low flow rate of the rainwater from the first channel 120 allows for sufficient contact and reaction with the bioretention packing material 150, enabling the bioretention packing material 150 to effectively treat the pollutants. During periods of heavy rainfall, the pollutant levels in the rainwater are relatively low. Rainwater flows rapidly from the water passages 113 above the overflow plate 112 to the second channel 130, ensuring the drainage effect of the rainwater ditch 100 and preventing water accumulation. In this way, the rainwater ditch 100 can adapt well to actual rainfall conditions, thus simultaneously providing good drainage and decontamination effects.

[0041] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 As shown, the filter 111 includes a lower section filter 1111 and an upper section filter 1112 arranged sequentially along the height. The lower section filter 1111 is located below the upper section filter 1112. The two are joined together to form a complete filter 111. The filter holes of the lower section filter 1111 are smaller than those of the upper section filter 1112, and the lower edge of the upper section filter 1112 is lower than the upper edge of the overflow plate 112, so as to ensure that the upper section filter 1112 can filter rainwater before it reaches the area of ​​the water passage hole 113.

[0042] Understandably, during rainfall, some mud, sand, and sediment will accumulate near the bottom area of ​​the first channel 120. Since the lower section filter 1111 has smaller filter holes, it can block debris such as mud and sediment, preventing them from entering the second channel 130.

[0043] Of course, those skilled in the art can also conceive of more filter structures arranged sequentially along the height direction based on the upper filter 1112 and lower filter 1111 disclosed in this embodiment, and this should also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the filter 111 can be constructed as multiple layers, for example... Figure 4 As shown, the filter is constructed in two layers in the thickness direction, which are defined here as the first filter 1113 and the second filter 1114. The first filter 1113 is close to the first channel 120, and the second filter 1114 is close to the second channel 130 to improve the filtration effect.

[0045] In addition, regarding the issue of filter 111 clogging, some larger diameter suspended matter may clog filter 111 when it is filtering suspended matter.

[0046] Therefore, the linear rainwater ditch coupled with bioretention function also includes a flushing pipe 160 arranged next to the filter screen 111, as shown in the reference. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the flushing pipe 160 is equipped with multiple nozzles 161 for flushing the filter screen 111. In some examples, the flushing pipe 160 is equipped with a quick-connect flushing water connector for connecting to an external water source. Thus, by embedding the nozzles 161 and the flushing pipe 160, routine maintenance and management are simplified, and the efficiency of the storm drain 100 is improved.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A linear rainwater ditch coupled with bioretention function, characterized in that, Includes a rainwater ditch, wherein a partition is provided inside the rainwater ditch, and the partition divides the rainwater ditch into a first channel and a second channel; The first channel has an opening at the top for rainwater to enter, and the second channel is closed by a baffle at the top. The second channel is connected to a drain pipe. The baffle is at least partially constructed with a filter screen, and the first channel and the second channel are connected at the filter screen. The second channel is filled with bio-retention packing material. The partition is equipped with a filter screen in the area near the opening, at least a portion of which is located above the bioretention packing material, and the area where the drain pipe communicates with the second channel is located below the top of the bioretention packing material. The bioretention packing material comprises: quartz sand, pyrite, and biochar; bacteria are cultured in the bioretention packing material; wherein, the bacteria cultured in the bioretention packing material include denitrifying thiobacillus; A second gap is left between the bio-retention packing and the bottom of the second channel, and the area where the drain pipe communicates with the second channel is located above the second gap.

2. The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition has multiple filter screens near the opening, arranged sequentially along the length of the rainwater ditch. An overflow plate is provided between every two filter screens, and a water passage hole is defined between the overflow plate and the baffle on the side near the baffle. The overflow plate is a waterproof plate.

3. The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen includes a lower section filter screen and an upper section filter screen arranged sequentially along the height, wherein the filter holes of the lower section filter screen are smaller than those of the upper section filter screen.

4. The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen is constructed in multiple layers in the thickness direction.

5. The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a flushing pipe, which is located next to the filter screen and is equipped with multiple nozzles, the nozzles spraying water towards the filter screen.

6. The linear rainwater ditch with coupled bioretention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The content of the quartz sand is 40%-60%, the content of the biochar is 20%-30%, and the content of the pyrite is 20%-30%.

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