Method and device for optimizing delay shooting parameters of marine air gun

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a marine air gun delay excitation parameter optimization method and device. The method comprises the following steps: S1, a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors are randomly generated, and the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors are stored in a vector set; S2, the vector score corresponding to each air gun delay excitation vector in the vector set is calculated; S3, whether a stop condition is met is judged; if yes, S6 is executed; if not, S4 is executed; S4, according to the vector score, a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors are selected from the vector set; S5, a hybrid disturbance operation is performed on the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors are generated, the vector set is updated according to the newly generated air gun delay excitation vectors, and S2 is executed; S6, the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score is determined as a target air gun delay excitation parameter, thereby improving the parameter optimization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of marine geophysical exploration, specifically to a method and apparatus for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of marine air guns. Background Technology

[0002] In marine geophysical exploration, low-frequency seismic sources play a crucial role in seismic exploration. Low-frequency seismic waves can penetrate deeper strata, providing more information about subsurface structures, and low-frequency components help reduce ill-posed problems in inversion. Many inversion methods (such as full-waveform inversion FWI) are highly dependent on low-frequency data because low-frequency components can provide global model trends, reduce noise effects, and improve the reliability and stability of results. However, current low-frequency source design and optimization methods have significant limitations and struggle to meet the growing exploration demands.

[0003] Current low-frequency seismic source design primarily relies on manual operation using specialized software. Designers must adjust the excitation delay parameters of each air gun individually, manually adjusting and testing only one configuration at a time. This method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and extremely inefficient. This manual operation not only consumes significant time and manpower but also cannot process multiple configurations in parallel, leading to low design efficiency and an inability to find the optimal solution. Even with programmatic traversal, without effective optimization methods, it is difficult to find the optimal solution within the vast parameter space. Taking a source with 24 air gun array combinations as an example, assuming each air gun's delay ranges from 0 to 30 ms with 1 ms intervals, the total number of combinations is 30. 24 Approximately 2.82*10 35 Based on experiments, each near-field simulation of the far-field configuration takes approximately 700ms per single core. Even with a cluster of 10,000 cores, a complete traversal would take approximately 89,557,818,518,835,616,438,3561 years, which is clearly an impossible task. Therefore, traditional methods are insufficient to fully explore the effects of different excitation delay combinations and cannot find the optimal low-frequency source configuration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application is made in order to provide a method, apparatus, computing device, computer storage medium and computer program product for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of marine air guns to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun is provided, including:

[0006] S1, randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, and store the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents the delay value of an air gun;

[0007] S2, calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set;

[0008] S3, determine if the stopping condition is met; if yes, proceed to S6; otherwise, proceed to S4.

[0009] S4, Based on the vector score, select a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors from the vector set;

[0010] S5, perform a hybrid perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, update the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, and jump to execute S2;

[0011] S6, the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score is determined as the target air gun delay excitation parameter.

[0012] Furthermore, the method also includes: acquiring measured near-field wavelet, and simulating the generation of zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet;

[0013] The vector score for each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set is further calculated by including:

[0014] Delayed-excitation far-field wavelets are generated by simulation based on measured near-field wavelets and delayed excitation vectors of each air gun in the vector set.

[0015] Based on the zero-delay excited far-field wavelet and the delayed excited far-field wavelet, calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set.

[0016] Furthermore, the simulation generation of delayed-excitation far-field wavelets based on the measured near-field wavelets and the delayed excitation vector of each air gun in the vector set further includes:

[0017] Delay processing is performed on the measured near-field wavelet based on each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set to obtain the delayed excitation near-field wavelet;

[0018] Delayed-excited far-field wavelets are generated based on the simulation of delayed-excited near-field wavelets.

[0019] Furthermore, based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set is calculated, which further includes:

[0020] The low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio are calculated based on zero-delay excited far-field wavelets and delayed excited far-field wavelets.

[0021] The vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector is calculated by weighting the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio.

[0022] Furthermore, performing a hybrid perturbation operation on a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors further includes:

[0023] Two air gun delay excitation vectors are selected from the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors and vector interleaving is performed.

[0024] The air gun delayed excitation vector after vector interleaving is subjected to local delay perturbation processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector. The above steps are iteratively executed until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

[0025] Furthermore, updating the vector set based on a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors further includes: retaining the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replacing other air gun delay excitation vectors in the vector set with the third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors.

[0026] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun is provided, comprising:

[0027] The first generation module is adapted to randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors;

[0028] The storage module is adapted to store a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents the delay value of an air gun.

[0029] The calculation module is suitable for calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set;

[0030] The judgment module is used to determine whether the stopping condition is met; if yes, the determination module is triggered to execute; otherwise, the selection module is executed.

[0031] The selection module is suitable for selecting a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set based on vector scoring.

[0032] The second generation module is adapted to perform a hybrid perturbation operation on a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors.

[0033] The update module is adapted to update the vector set according to a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors, triggering the calculation module to execute;

[0034] The determination module is suitable for identifying the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed excitation parameter.

[0035] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computing device is provided, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0036] The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, which causes the processor to perform the operation corresponding to the above-mentioned method for optimizing the delayed excitation parameters of the marine air gun.

[0037] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer storage medium is provided, wherein at least one executable instruction is stored in the storage medium, the executable instruction causing a processor to perform an operation corresponding to the above-described method for optimizing the delayed excitation parameters of an ocean air gun.

[0038] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is provided, including at least one executable instruction, which causes a processor to perform operations corresponding to the above-described method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of an ocean air gun.

[0039] According to the marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization method and apparatus provided in this application, three-dimensional seismic source excitation is achieved by setting the excitation delay of the air gun. The objective scoring function comprehensively measures the signal optimization effect through three parts: low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the low-frequency components of the signal but also avoids severe spectral distortion and abnormal energy distribution. By evaluating and optimizing a massive number of configurations, the optimal time delay combination of seismic wavelets is obtained in a short time, generating seismic wavelets rich in low frequencies. This method efficiently realizes the simulation design and optimization of air gun seismic sources, solving the problems of low efficiency and inability to find the optimal solution in low-frequency seismic source design.

[0040] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of this application and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of this application more obvious and understandable, specific implementation methods of the embodiments of this application are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0043] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of a near-field wavelet;

[0044] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of a far-field wavelet in a near-field wavelet simulation;

[0045] Figure 2C A schematic diagram for finding the optimal convergence curve;

[0046] Figure 2D This is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency amplitude spectra of the delayed-excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters and the zero-delay-excitation far-field wavelet;

[0047] Figure 2E This is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency amplitude spectra (logarithmic coordinates) of the delayed-excitation far-field wavelet and the zero-delay-excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters.

[0048] Figure 2F This is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency decibel spectra of the delayed-excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters and the zero-delay-excitation far-field wavelet;

[0049] Figure 2G This is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency decibel spectra (logarithmic scale) of the delayed-excitation far-field wavelet and the zero-delay-excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters.

[0050] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization device according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0053] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun according to an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S101: Randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors and store the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents the delay value of an air gun.

[0055] Specifically, this application pre-defines the range of the air gun delay value [0, Tmax]. Therefore, based on this range, a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors can be randomly generated. Values ​​are randomly selected from this range to generate the air gun delay excitation vectors. The first preset number of values ​​can be flexibly set according to actual needs, for example, a value of 100. The air gun delay excitation vector is a parameter vector used to describe the excitation timing of the air gun array in the ocean. It is a set of delay time values ​​arranged in a preset order, used to control the excitation order of each air gun in the array. The delay time of each air gun represents the delay interval between the excitation time of that air gun and the excitation time at time 0.

[0056] The length of the air gun delay excitation vector corresponds to the length of the air gun array. In other words, the length of the air gun delay excitation vector is the same as the number of air guns in the array. For example, if the number of air guns is 32, then the air gun delay excitation vector is a vector array of length 32; if the length of the air gun array is 40, then the air gun delay excitation vector is a vector array of length 40.

[0057] Each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents a delay value for the air gun. The delay value ranges from [0, Tmax], for example, the delay value ranges from [0, 30], and the unit is milliseconds. The delay value is an integer. Therefore, the delay value of the air gun can be 31 time delay values ​​with an interval of 1 ms. Below are two examples of air gun delay excitation vectors: A1: [0, 3, 5, 1, 4, 7, 12], A2: [10, 2, 7, 8, 9, 3, 4]. These are just examples for ease of understanding, and the length of the vector is not specifically limited.

[0058] After randomly generating a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors are stored in a vector set, which is initially empty.

[0059] Step S102: Calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set.

[0060] Vector scoring is a numerical metric used to quantitatively evaluate the quality of a set of delayed excitation vectors for an air gun. By mapping the excitation parameters to vector scores through a target scoring function, it directly guides the optimization direction of the air gun's delayed excitation vectors.

[0061] To calculate the optimization effect of each vector, i.e., the "good" or "bad" score, it is necessary to calculate the vector score corresponding to each airgun delayed excitation vector in the vector set. During the vector score calculation, wavefield data for each airgun delayed excitation vector is generated through wavefield simulation. Based on the wavefield data, a multi-index parallel calculation process is initiated, and the various indices are synthesized into the final vector score using a weighted summation formula. For example, the vector score corresponding to A1 is 0.78; the vector score corresponding to A2 is 0.65.

[0062] In one alternative implementation, the far-field wavelet can be used to calculate the vector score. However, the far-field wavelet cannot be actually measured. Therefore, it can be obtained by simulating the far-field wavelet using a near-field wavelet. Specifically, near-field wavelets can be collected at the air gun array excitation site using detectors deployed near the seismic source. Before simulating the far-field wavelet, preprocessing operations can be performed, including removing electromagnetic interference noise during the acquisition process, eliminating abnormal pulse signals, and retaining the waveform characteristics of the effective frequency band through bandpass filtering. This ensures that the time-domain waveform and spectral characteristics of the near-field wavelet accurately reflect the actual excitation state of the air gun, thereby obtaining the measured near-field wavelet. Then, a zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet is generated based on the measured near-field wavelet. Zero delay means that all delay values ​​are 0, that is, the value of each element of the air gun's delayed excitation vector is 0. In this application, when the near-field wavelet does not change, zero-delay excitation of the far-field wavelet usually only requires one simulation.

[0063] To accurately calculate the vector score corresponding to the delayed excitation vector of the air gun, it is also necessary to generate a delayed excitation far-field wavelet. Specifically, the values ​​of the elements in the delayed excitation vector of the air gun reflect the delayed excitation time of each air gun in the air gun array. Therefore, the delayed excitation far-field wavelet can be simulated and generated based on the measured near-field wavelet and the delayed excitation vector of each air gun in the vector set. A corresponding delayed excitation far-field wavelet will be generated for each delayed excitation vector of the air gun. The number of delayed excitation far-field wavelets corresponds to the number of delayed excitation vectors of the air gun in the vector set. In addition, as the method is executed in a loop, the delayed excitation vectors of the air gun in the vector set are updated, and the delayed excitation far-field wavelets will also change accordingly. A new delayed excitation far-field wavelet will be generated each time the method is executed in a loop.

[0064] For example, the delayed-excitation far-field wavelet can be generated by performing a delay processing on the measured near-field wavelet according to each air gun delay excitation vector in the vector set to obtain the delayed-excitation near-field wavelet, and then simulating the generation of the delayed-excitation far-field wavelet based on the delayed-excitation near-field wavelet.

[0065] The following describes the process of simulating a far-field wavelet based on a near-field wavelet:

[0066] Commonly used coherent arrays cannot be used to obtain the wavelet at any point in the far field by simply superimposing the gas flow from the gas jets. This is because the distance between the gas jets is less than the critical distance at which they are mutually unaffected, and the pressure wave field of the bubbles generated by the gas jets suppresses the pressure wave fields of other adjacent bubbles. Assuming the measured near-field wavelet P... i (t) is composed of n incoherent ideal source wavelets P i The synthesis of ′(t) yields a system of equations:

[0067]

[0068] Where, r i1 represents the distance from the i-th ideal seismic source to the first detector; c represents the speed of sound in seawater, approximately 1500 m / s; n represents the total number of detectors.

[0069] Based on the above analysis, and taking into account the case of virtual reflection, the near-field wavelet can be obtained.

[0070]

[0071] Among them, P i ′(t) is the i-th ideal source wavelet, h j (t) represents the near-field sub-wavelet measured by the j-th detector, s j Let r be the sensitivity of the j-th detector. ij Let be the distance from the i-th ideal seismic source to the j-th detector, (rg)ij It is the distance from the i-th virtual source to the j-th detector.

[0072] The ideal source wavelet is obtained through formula (1-2). This ideal source wavelet is then decomposed in the time domain to obtain the time-domain ideal source wavelet:

[0073]

[0074] Formula (1-3) can be solved using an iterative method:

[0075] When i = j, r ij =1. If the distance between the bubble and the detector is less than the distance between the bubble and the detector in other cases, the detector's measurement is a good approximation of the ideal source. In other words, a detector is placed near each air gun. The signal detected by this detector mainly comes from the ideal source in its vicinity. Therefore, the ideal source can be solved by iteratively using the near-field signal detected by the detector as the initial value. Based on this measurement, the effects of other ideal sources and virtual reflections can be eliminated by iteration.

[0076] Synthesis of far-field wavelets using time-domain ideal source wavelets:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, P i Let f'(t) be the i-th ideal source wavelet, f(t) be the desired far-field wavelet, and r i Let (rg) be the distance from the i-th ideal seismic source to the far-field point. i R is the distance from the i-th virtual source to the far-field point, and R is the reflection coefficient, which is usually -1.

[0079] The far-field wavelet can be obtained by linearly superimposing n ideal source wavelets according to formula (1-4) and considering their virtual reflection.

[0080] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of a near-field wavelet. Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of a far-field wavelet in a near-field wavelet simulation, based on... Figure 2A Simulating the near-field wavelet shown, we can obtain... Figure 2B The far-field sub-wavelet is shown.

[0081] After obtaining the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, the vector score corresponding to each airgun delayed excitation vector in the vector set can be calculated based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet. For example, the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio can be calculated based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet; the vector score corresponding to each airgun delayed excitation vector can then be calculated by weighting the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio.

[0082] Specifically, to enhance the energy of low-frequency components while maintaining the overall consistency of the signal spectrum, this application designs a multi-objective optimization scoring function. This objective scoring function focuses on low-frequency enhancement, spectral similarity, and maintenance of the total signal energy to optimize the signal excitation delay parameter. The objective scoring function needs to strike a balance among various performance indicators to achieve signal optimization. The overall goal is to maximize the enhancement of low-frequency components while maintaining a high degree of overall consistency with the spectrum and energy of the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet.

[0083] The low-frequency enhancement ratio can be calculated using the following formula:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein, LowFreqRatio is the low-frequency enhancement ratio, representing the ratio of the energy of a delayed-excited far-field wavelet in the low-frequency region to that of a zero-delay-excited far-field wavelet in the same frequency band. This index measures the energy enhancement effect of the delayed-excited far-field wavelet in the low-frequency range; FFT original The frequency spectrum vector (typically the amplitude or real part) of the far-field wavelet excited with zero delay is obtained within the target frequency band; FFT optimized The frequency vector (generally the amplitude or real part) of the delayed-excited far-field wavelet within the same frequency band (the target frequency band corresponding to the zero-delay-excited far-field wavelet); 2 f represents spectral energy (power spectral density); low For a specified low-frequency upper limit threshold, for example, 10Hz or 15Hz, This indicates that the far-field wavelet is excited with zero delay in the condition f ≤ f low The sum of spectral energy within the range, This indicates that the delayed-excitation far-field wavelet is in the condition f ≤ f low The sum of spectral energy within the range.

[0086] The spectral similarity can be calculated using the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] Where SpectrumSimilarity is the spectral similarity, used to measure the similarity between the spectra of delayed-excited far-field wavelets and zero-delay-excited far-field wavelets; ||*||: represents the L2 norm, which is the 2-norm of the vector; FFT original FFT optimized The inner product of the two spectra measures the alignment between the delayed-excited far-field wavelet and the zero-delay-excited far-field wavelet; ||FFT original ||·||FFT optimized || represents the product of the magnitudes of two spectra, used for normalization; FFT original The frequency spectrum vector (typically the amplitude or real part) of the far-field wavelet excited with zero delay is obtained within the target frequency band; FFT optimized The frequency vector (usually the amplitude or real part) of the delayed-excited far-field wavelet in the same frequency band (the target frequency band corresponding to the zero-delay-excited far-field wavelet);

[0089] By calculating spectral similarity, we can assess whether the spectrum of delayed-excited near-field wavelets maintains overall consistency with that of zero-delay-excited far-field wavelets, thus avoiding severe shifts or loss of signal frequency components during optimization and ensuring the overall quality of the signal.

[0090] The total energy ratio can be calculated using the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] Wherein, EnergyRatio is the total energy ratio, which measures the proportion of energy retained by delayed-excited near-field wavelets within a selected frequency range relative to that of zero-delay-excited far-field wavelets. This metric is crucial for determining whether the signal retains its main frequency components after processing; Σ|FFT optimized | 2 To delay the sum of the spectral energies of the far-field wavelet, Σ|FFT original | 2 This represents the total spectral energy of the far-field wavelet excited with zero delay. The EnergyRatio metric measures whether the total energy of the near-field and far-field wavelets excited with delay is consistent with the total energy of the far-field wavelet excited with zero delay. During optimization, ensuring that the total energy does not change significantly is to maintain the overall excitation intensity of the signal and avoid altering its physical meaning. The stability of this ratio ensures that the signal amplitude range remains reasonable in the actual acquisition environment, thereby avoiding signal distortion.

[0093] After calculating the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio, the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector can be calculated using the following formula: Fitness = ω1 × LowFreqRatio + ω2 × SpectrumSimilarity + ω3 × EnergyRatio

[0094] Where Fitness is the vector score, LowFreqRatio is the low-frequency enhancement ratio, SpectrumSimilarity is the spectral similarity, EnergyRatio is the total energy ratio, and ω1, ω2, and ω3 are the weights.

[0095] Throughout the optimization process, ω1, ω2, and ω3 can be fixed values ​​or dynamically changing values.

[0096] For dynamically changing situations, during the optimization process, the optimization priorities of each indicator are reasonably allocated by adjusting the weights of each component to ensure that the objective function meets the optimization objective. For example, increasing the LowFreqRatio can enhance the weight of low-frequency components. The objective function needs to weigh multiple objectives. If the enhancement of low frequencies is significant but leads to spectral distortion, the spectral changes can be constrained by increasing the weight of ω2; if the signal energy is too low or too high, it can be adjusted by increasing the weight of ω3.

[0097] The objective scoring function comprehensively measures the signal optimization effect through three components: the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and the total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the low-frequency components of the signal but also avoids severe spectral distortion and abnormal energy distribution, providing a scientific basis for the application of optimization algorithms in seismic signal optimization.

[0098] Step S103: Determine whether the stopping condition is met; if yes, proceed to step S106; otherwise, proceed to step S104.

[0099] The stopping condition can be: the fitness reaches the convergence condition or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the first preset number of iterations (e.g., 200 times). The fitness reaching the convergence condition means that after the second preset number of iterations, the highest vector score does not improve significantly.

[0100] In this application, if the stopping condition is that the fitness reaches the convergence condition, after calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector according to step S102, it can first determine whether the difference between the calculated highest vector score and the previously calculated highest vector score is less than a preset difference. If the difference is less than or equal to the preset difference, it can be determined whether the number of loops where the difference is less than the preset difference has reached a second preset number. If the second preset number has been reached, it is determined that the stopping condition is met, and then the process jumps to step S106. If the difference is greater than or has not reached the second preset number, it is determined that the stopping condition is not met, and the process jumps to step S104.

[0101] If the stopping condition is that the number of loops is greater than or equal to the first preset number, then determine whether the number of loops is greater than or equal to the first preset number. If it is greater than or equal to the first preset number, then it is determined that the stopping condition is met, and then proceed to step S106. If it is less than the second preset number, then it is determined that the stopping condition is not met, and then proceed to step S104.

[0102] Step S104: Based on the vector score, select a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors from the vector set.

[0103] To improve optimization efficiency and avoid the time-consuming problem of traversing all possible combinations, a simulated natural selection method can be used to efficiently search the vector set. Therefore, a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors can be selected from the vector set based on vector scores. The value of the second preset number is less than the value of the first preset number. The second preset number can be set according to actual needs or determined based on the selection method.

[0104] Specifically, the following method can be used to select the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors:

[0105] The sum of vector scores for the delayed firing vectors of the air guns in the vector set is calculated. Based on the vector score of each delayed firing vector and the sum of vector scores, the selection probability corresponding to each delayed firing vector in the vector set is calculated. The cumulative probability of each delayed firing vector is then calculated based on the selection probability, i.e., the sum of the selection probabilities from the first delayed firing vector to the i-th delayed firing vector, where i ranges from 1 to the number of delayed firing vectors in the vector set. At this point, the delayed firing vectors in the vector set divide the [0,1] interval into a corresponding number of matching intervals, each interval's length being the selection probability of that delayed firing vector, corresponding to a partition on a roulette wheel. A random number is generated within the [0,1] interval, and the matching interval corresponding to this random number is determined. The delayed firing vector corresponding to this matching interval is then selected. The above steps are repeated until a second preset number of delayed firing vectors are selected. This method increases the probability of selecting delayed firing vectors with high vector scores, filtering for better delay schemes probabilistically while retaining a small probability of trying "non-optimal schemes."

[0106] Alternatively, the following method can be used to select a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors:

[0107] A fourth preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors are randomly selected from the vector set without replacement. The value of the fourth preset number is usually set to [2,5], but it can also be other ranges. In order to select more air gun delay excitation vectors, the fourth preset number should not be set too large. For example, the fourth preset number can be 2 or 3.

[0108] The vector scores corresponding to the selected fourth preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors are compared, and the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score is selected. The above steps are repeated until the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors are selected. For example, if the vector score corresponding to A1 is 0.78 and the vector score corresponding to A2 is 0.65, and the fourth preset number is 2, air gun delayed excitation vectors A1 and A2 are randomly selected from the vector set without replacement. By comparing the vector scores of A1 and A2, A1 is selected.

[0109] In addition, other methods can be used to select a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors from the vector set, which will not be elaborated here.

[0110] Step S105: Perform a hybrid perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors. Update the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors, and then proceed to step S102.

[0111] Hybrid perturbation is a technique that combines vector interleaving with probabilistic local delay perturbation. It aims to dynamically adjust the delay value of the airgun's delayed excitation vector by combining deterministic and stochastic approaches, thereby generating a new airgun delayed excitation vector. Its core principle is to optimize the excitation timing of the airgun array by fusing and recombining multi-source parameters and then applying low-probability local delay perturbations, thus avoiding getting trapped in local optima.

[0112] After selecting the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, a hybrid perturbation operation can be performed on the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors. Through the above hybrid perturbation operation, a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors can be generated, wherein the third preset number is less than or equal to the first preset number. Then, the vector set is updated according to the third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors, and the process jumps to step S102.

[0113] It should be noted that, for cases where the stopping condition is that the number of loops is greater than or equal to the first preset number of loops, after updating the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors, a step to determine whether the stopping condition is met can be executed. If yes, then step S106 is executed; if no, then step S102 is executed.

[0114] In one alternative implementation, performing a hybrid perturbation operation on a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors can be further achieved through the following method:

[0115] Two air gun delay excitation vectors are selected from the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors and vector interleaving is performed.

[0116] The air gun delayed excitation vector after vector interleaving is subjected to local delay perturbation processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector. The above steps are iteratively executed until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

[0117] Vector interleaving refers to the technical operation of extracting a portion of parameter fragments from two independent air gun delayed excitation vectors according to a preset rule and recombining them into a new air gun delayed excitation vector with mixed characteristics.

[0118] Specifically, two air gun delay excitation vectors are randomly selected from the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors. A single interleaving point is determined for the two air gun delay excitation vectors to perform vector interleaving. All elements of the two air gun delay excitation vectors after the interleaving point are swapped, thereby generating a new air gun delay excitation vector after vector interleaving.

[0119] Continuing with the example above, A1: [0,3,5,1,4,7,12], A2: [10,2,7,8,9,3,4], vector interleaving is performed at the 4th bit. Therefore, bits 1-4 come from A1, bits 5-7 come from A2, and the air gun delay excitation vector after vector interleaving is C: [0,3,5,1,9,3,4];

[0120] To maintain the diversity of the vector set and avoid getting trapped in local optima, after generating the interleaved airgun delayed firing vectors, a local delay perturbation process needs to be applied to these vectors to generate new airgun delayed firing vectors. This process is repeated iteratively until a third preset number of new airgun delayed firing vectors are generated. Here, the local delay perturbation is performed on the interleaved airgun delayed firing vectors according to a preset probability. This involves changing some delay values ​​in a portion of the interleaved airgun delayed firing vectors; for example, modifying a portion of the delay value of any one of the interleaved airguns with a 1% probability (randomly regenerating it).

[0121] In one alternative implementation, updating the vector set according to a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors further includes: retaining the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replacing other air gun delay excitation vectors in the vector set with the third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors.

[0122] To efficiently accumulate high-quality parameter combinations and avoid optimization regression caused by random perturbations, when updating the vector set, the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score in the previous optimization process is directly retained. The air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score can be excluded from subsequent processing (i.e., the selection operation and mixed perturbation operation in steps S104-S105). The other air gun delay excitation vectors in the vector set are replaced by a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors. Here, the third preset number is less than the first preset number. In addition, the air gun delay excitation vectors with the highest vector score can also be selected and directly retained by a fifth preset number. These air gun delay excitation vectors can be excluded from subsequent processing (i.e., the selection operation and mixed perturbation operation in steps S104-S105).

[0123] Step S106: The air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score is determined as the target air gun delay excitation parameter.

[0124] If the stopping conditions are met, the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score can be determined as the target air gun delay excitation parameter. Then, the air gun array can be excited according to the target air gun delay excitation parameter to collect wave field data.

[0125] In existing technologies, the system uses automated technology to set the excitation delay of each air gun to achieve the effect of stereo source excitation, avoiding the inefficiency and errors of traditional manual operation. Assuming an array with 24 air guns, and each air gun has only 30 possible delay values, if all possible combinations are traversed, there are a total of 30... 24 The number of possibilities is enormous. Exhaustive search requires evaluating every single combination, leading to an exponential increase in computational complexity. Even if each evaluation takes only 700 milliseconds, evaluating all combinations would take a supercomputer cluster trillions of years. Storing all possible combinations and evaluation results would require massive amounts of storage space, making it impractical in real-world applications. Therefore, optimization algorithms are needed to quickly find the optimal solution.

[0126] By using the optimization method of this application, a near-optimal combination can be found within a reasonable time, solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems and avoiding the huge computational load and time cost of exhaustive search. Figure 2C As shown, the aforementioned massive solution space, processed in parallel on a 32-core workstation, converges to the optimal solution in just 3 hours. The blue line in the figure represents the optimal solution in each iteration, with the score continuously increasing until it finally converges to the optimal solution. It is evident that through each iteration of the optimization process, the vector set indeed moves towards a better goal, eventually converging near the optimal solution in the enormous parameter space, thus obtaining the optimal solution.

[0127] exist Figure 2D-Figure 2G The image clearly shows a comparison of the spectrum before and after optimization, and to better demonstrate the effect in the low-frequency range, Figure 2E , Figure 2G The x-axis uses a logarithmic scale. As can be seen, the optimal solution converged by the optimization method in this application shows a significant enhancement in the low-frequency portion, especially below 10Hz, compared to the traditional excitation without applying a delay. The energy of the components below 10Hz is increased by 156.5% compared to the low-frequency components without delay. This achieves the expected results for the low-frequency array source design.

[0128] This application employs an optimization method within a large-scale configuration space to comprehensively explore and evaluate different excitation delay combinations, rapidly identifying the optimal time delay combination to generate high-quality low-frequency seismic wavelets. This method significantly improves design and optimization efficiency, ensuring that the found combination is optimal within the large-scale configuration space. Through the combination of automation and optimization systems, this application offers significant advantages in the design and optimization of low-frequency airgun seismic sources, greatly enhancing design efficiency and optimization capabilities. It can meet the needs of modern marine geophysical exploration, providing efficient and accurate low-frequency seismic source design schemes with broad application prospects.

[0129] For ease of understanding, this is simplified to "6-gun array, with a delay of 0-9 milliseconds per gun," and only one round of optimization process is shown:

[0130] Four air gun delayed excitation vectors are randomly generated, and the corresponding vector score is calculated for each air gun delayed excitation vector, as follows:

[0131] A1[0,1,2,3,4,5]0.60

[0132] A2[5,4,3,2,1,0]0.65

[0133] A3[0,0,0,0,0,0]0.40

[0134] A4[9,8,7,6,5,4]0.72

[0135] Among them, A4 has the highest vector score and can be retained directly;

[0136] Perform a selection operation, for example, select A4 from A2 and A4; select A1 from A1 and A3.

[0137] Vector interleaving is performed on A1 and A4, with the interleaving occurring at the 3rd position. The resulting air gun delay excitation vector is [9,8,7] + [3,4,5] = [9,8,7,3,4,5], denoted as C1.

[0138] Here, the vector set is updated according to C1[9,8,7,3,4,5], and then the above steps are executed iteratively until the stopping condition is met.

[0139] This application effectively solves the problems of low efficiency and inability to find the optimal solution among large-scale parameters in traditional low-frequency seismic source design by using large-scale parameter optimization technology with automated setting of excitation delay, far-field seismic wavelet generation evaluation and optimization algorithm. It brings significant technical progress and application value to low-frequency seismic source design.

[0140] According to the method for optimizing the delayed excitation parameters of an air gun provided in this application, three-dimensional seismic source excitation is achieved by setting the excitation delay of the air gun. The objective scoring function comprehensively measures the signal optimization effect through three parts: low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the low-frequency components of the signal but also avoids severe spectral distortion and abnormal energy distribution. By evaluating and optimizing a massive number of configurations, the optimal time delay combination of seismic wavelets is obtained in a short time, generating seismic wavelets rich in low frequencies. This method efficiently realizes the simulation design and optimization of air gun seismic sources, solving the problems of low efficiency and inability to find the optimal solution in low-frequency seismic source design.

[0141] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization device according to an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 3As shown, the device includes:

[0142] The first generation module 301 is adapted to randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors;

[0143] The storage module 302 is adapted to store a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents the delay value of an air gun.

[0144] Calculation module 303 is suitable for calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set;

[0145] The judgment module 304 is used to determine whether the stop condition is met; if yes, the determination module is triggered to execute; if no, the selection module is executed.

[0146] Module 305 is selected to select a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors from the vector set based on vector scoring.

[0147] The second generation module 306 is adapted to perform a hybrid perturbation operation on a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors.

[0148] The update module 307 is adapted to update the vector set according to a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors, triggering the calculation module to execute;

[0149] The determination module 308 is adapted to determine the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed excitation parameter.

[0150] Optionally, the device further includes: a simulation module adapted to acquire measured near-field wavelet and simulate the generation of zero-delay excited far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet;

[0151] The calculation module is further adapted to: simulate and generate delayed-excitation far-field wavelets based on the measured near-field wavelets and the delayed excitation vector of each air gun in the vector set;

[0152] Based on the zero-delay excited far-field wavelet and the delayed excited far-field wavelet, calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set.

[0153] Optionally, the calculation module is further adapted to: perform delay processing on the measured near-field wavelet according to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set to obtain the delayed excitation near-field wavelet;

[0154] Delayed-excited far-field wavelets are generated based on the simulation of delayed-excited near-field wavelets.

[0155] Optionally, the calculation module is further adapted to: calculate the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio based on the zero-delay excited far-field wavelet and the delayed excited far-field wavelet;

[0156] The vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector is calculated by weighting the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio.

[0157] Optionally, the second generation module is further adapted to: select two air gun delayed excitation vectors from a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors and perform vector interleaving processing;

[0158] The air gun delayed excitation vector after vector interleaving is subjected to local delay perturbation processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector. The above steps are iteratively executed until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

[0159] Optionally, the update module is further adapted to: retain the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replace the other air gun delay excitation vectors in the vector set with a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors.

[0160] The descriptions of the above modules refer to the corresponding descriptions in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0161] According to the marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization device provided in this application, three-dimensional seismic source excitation is achieved by setting the excitation delay of the air gun. The target scoring function comprehensively measures the signal optimization effect through three parts: low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the low-frequency components of the signal but also avoids severe spectral distortion and abnormal energy distribution. By evaluating and optimizing a massive number of configurations, the optimal time delay combination of seismic wavelets is obtained in a short time, generating seismic wavelets rich in low frequencies. This method efficiently realizes the simulation design and optimization of air gun seismic sources, solving the problems of low efficiency and inability to find the optimal solution in low-frequency seismic source design.

[0162] This application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing at least one executable instruction or computer program that enables a processor to perform the operation corresponding to the marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization method in any of the above method embodiments.

[0163] This application provides a computer program product, which includes at least one executable instruction or computer program that enables a processor to perform the operation corresponding to the marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization method in any of the above method embodiments.

[0164] Figure 4 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an embodiment of the computing device of this application. The specific embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation of the computing device.

[0165] like Figure 4 As shown, the computing device may include: a processor 402, a communications interface 404, a memory 406, and a communications bus 408.

[0166] The processor 402, communication interface 404, and memory 406 communicate with each other via communication bus 408. Communication interface 404 is used to communicate with other network elements such as clients or other servers. The processor 402 executes program 410, specifically performing the relevant steps in the above-described embodiment of the method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun for computing devices.

[0167] Specifically, program 410 may include program code that includes computer operation instructions.

[0168] Processor 402 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application. The computing device includes one or more processors, which may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0169] Memory 406 is used to store program 410. Memory 406 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0170] Specifically, program 410 can be used to cause processor 402 to execute the marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization method in any of the above method embodiments. The specific implementation of each step in program 410 can be found in the corresponding descriptions of the steps and units in the above-described marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the devices and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding process descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0171] The algorithms and displays provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other device. Various general-purpose systems can also be used in conjunction with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such systems is apparent from the above description. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application are not directed to any particular programming language. It should be understood that the contents of the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented using various programming languages, and the above description of specific languages ​​is for the purpose of disclosing the best implementation of the embodiments of this application.

[0172] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of this application may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0173] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the present application, various features of the present application embodiments are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the present application require more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the present application.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that serves the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0175] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the embodiments of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0176] The various component embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware, or as software modules running on one or more processors, or a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will understand that microprocessors or digital signal processors (DSPs) can be used in practice to implement some or all of the functions of some or all of the components according to the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application can also be implemented as device or apparatus programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing part or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the embodiments of this application can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can be in the form of one or more signals. Such signals can be downloaded from an Internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

[0177] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the embodiments of this application and not limiting of the embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Embodiments of this application can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters for a marine air gun, comprising: S1, randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, and store the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents the delay value of an air gun; S2, calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set; S3, determine if the stopping condition is met; if yes, proceed to S6; otherwise, proceed to S4. S4, based on the vector score, select a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set; S5, perform a hybrid perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, update the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, and jump to execute S2; S6, the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score is determined as the target air gun delay excitation parameter; The method further includes: acquiring a measured near-field wavelet, and simulating and generating a zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet; The calculation of the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set further includes: Based on the measured near-field wavelet and the delayed excitation vector of each air gun in the vector set, a delayed excitation far-field wavelet is simulated and generated. Based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set; The step of performing a hybrid perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors further includes: Two air gun delay excitation vectors are selected from the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors and vector interleaving is performed. The air gun delayed excitation vector after vector interleaving is subjected to local delay perturbation processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector. The above steps are iteratively executed until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The step of simulating and generating a delayed-excitation far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet and each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set further includes: The measured near-field wavelet is subjected to delay processing based on each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set to obtain the delayed excitation near-field wavelet; Delayed-excited far-field wavelets are generated based on the aforementioned delayed-excited near-field wavelet simulation.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The step of calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set based on the zero-delay excited far-field wavelet and the delayed excited far-field wavelet further includes: The low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio are calculated based on the zero-delay excited far-field wavelet and the delayed excited far-field wavelet. The vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector is calculated by weighting the low-frequency enhancement ratio, the spectral similarity, and the total energy ratio.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The step of updating the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors further includes: retaining the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replacing other air gun delay excitation vectors in the vector set with the third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors.

5. A device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters for a marine air gun, comprising: The first generation module is adapted to randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors; The storage module is adapted to store the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents the delay value of an air gun; The calculation module is adapted to calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set; The judgment module is used to determine whether the stopping condition is met; if yes, the determination module is triggered to execute; otherwise, the selection module is executed. The selection module is adapted to select a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set based on the vector score. The second generation module is adapted to perform a hybrid perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delay excitation vectors. The update module is adapted to update the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, triggering the calculation module to execute; The determination module is suitable for determining the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed excitation parameter; The device also includes: a simulation module, adapted to acquire measured near-field wavelets and simulate the generation of zero-delay excitation far-field wavelets based on the measured near-field wavelets; The calculation module is further adapted to: simulate and generate delayed-excitation far-field wavelets based on the measured near-field wavelets and the delayed excitation vector of each air gun in the vector set; Based on the zero-delay excited far-field wavelet and the delayed excited far-field wavelet, calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set; The second generation module is further adapted to: select two air gun delay excitation vectors from the second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors and perform vector interleaving processing; The air gun delayed excitation vector after vector interleaving is subjected to local delay perturbation processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector. The above steps are iteratively executed until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

6. A computing device, comprising: The processor, memory, communication interface, and communication bus are provided, wherein the processor, memory, and communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus. The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction that causes the processor to perform the operation corresponding to the marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer storage medium storing at least one executable instruction that causes a processor to perform an operation corresponding to the method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of an ocean air gun as described in any one of claims 1-4.

8. A computer program product comprising at least one executable instruction that causes a processor to perform an operation corresponding to the method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of an ocean air gun as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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