A method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap

Abstract

The application provides a tilting and rotating device based on a femtosecond laser, comprising: a femtosecond laser system for emitting a femtosecond laser beam to cut an object; further comprising: a driving system, a tilting support device and a vacuum adsorption system; the driving system is used for driving the object to move; the vacuum adsorption system is connected with the driving system and is used for adsorbing the object; the driving system comprises a stepping motor, and the stepping motor is arranged on the tilting support device; the vacuum adsorption system comprises an adsorption assembly and a vacuum pump, the adsorption assembly is arranged at one end of the stepping motor, the vacuum pump is arranged at the other end of the stepping motor, and the adsorption assembly adsorbs the object through the vacuum pump. The tilting and rotating posture of the polymer ball is cooperatively controlled through the stepping motor, the tilting support device and the vacuum adsorption system, the concentricity of the polymer ball in the high-speed rotating process is ensured, the controllable angle is realized without changing the laser incidence direction, the operation is simple, and the device has certain flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser micromachining technology, and more specifically, to a method for preparing a polymer spherical cap with a controllable angle. Background Technology

[0002] Energy is the core driving force for human survival and development. Controlled nuclear fusion, with its high energy output, abundant fuel reserves, pollution-free environmental characteristics, and excellent safety, is considered a "clean" and "efficient" form of future energy, marking a fundamental shift in the way energy is produced and used.

[0003] In the process of achieving controlled nuclear fusion, carbon-deuterium (CD) caps serve as the core material in laser ablation experiments, generating high-energy neutrons through deuterium-deuterium collisions. Furthermore, because the neutron background noise present in the ablation zone can interfere with the experimental results, a layer of hydrocarbon (CH) needs to be deposited on the surface of the CD cap to obtain a carbon-deuterium-carbon-hydrogen (CD-CH) composite cap, in order to reduce interference from neutron detection during collisions. Since the hollow CD spheres are fabricated using microfluidic technology, they need to be cut to form the required cap structure to meet the assembly requirements on the target holder.

[0004] Existing high-precision cutting methods include ultraviolet laser cutting and micromachining. However, when cutting tiny hollow polymer spheres, ultraviolet laser cutting easily causes material thermal melting and edge carbonization, resulting in microcracks and bubbles. Micromachining, due to its contact processing, easily causes deformation or even breakage of the sphere. Femtosecond lasers possess ultrashort pulses and extremely high peak power, enabling "cold processing" and effectively avoiding thermal damage, crack formation, and structural deformation. However, because traditional devices only support perpendicular laser beam incidence and static workpiece fixation, they lack efficient and stable process support for cutting spatial angles or curved surfaces. The cutting surface is often limited to the vertical direction, which results in the plasma not being uniformly pressed onto the spherical surface, leading to low laser utilization.

[0005] A search revealed a Chinese invention patent with publication number CN113732485A, which discloses a high-precision laser rotation processing method. The specific process includes: clamping and positioning a micro-tube to align and focus the laser beam output position with the micro-tube; controlling the laser beam output position to rotate uniformly around the micro-tube circumferentially; and, upon reaching a set peak value, outputting the corresponding laser beam to process the micro-tube according to the micro-tube processing parameters. However, this patent still has the following problems: it only addresses regular, linearly extended tube structures, making it difficult to achieve the precision processing requirements of micro-spheres or complex curved surfaces. Furthermore, it only allows horizontal rotation, limiting the processing angle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a tilting and rotating device based on femtosecond laser.

[0007] A first aspect of this application provides a tilting and rotating device based on a femtosecond laser, comprising: a femtosecond laser system for emitting a femtosecond laser beam to cut an object;

[0008] It also includes: a drive system, a tilting support device, and a vacuum adsorption system;

[0009] The drive system is used to drive the object to move;

[0010] The vacuum adsorption system is connected to the driving system and is used to adsorb the object;

[0011] The drive system includes a stepper motor, which is mounted on the inclined support device;

[0012] The vacuum adsorption system includes an adsorption component and a vacuum pump. The adsorption component is located at one end of the stepper motor, and the vacuum pump is located at the other end of the stepper motor. The adsorption component adsorbs the object through the vacuum pump.

[0013] Optionally, the stepper motor includes a rotating shaft with a hollow structure. The vacuum pump and the adsorption assembly are connected through the hollow structure of the rotating shaft to enable the adsorption assembly to have an adsorption effect.

[0014] Optionally, the vacuum adsorption system further includes a gas guide pipe;

[0015] One end of the air guide tube is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump.

[0016] Optionally, the vacuum adsorption assembly further includes a pneumatic air pipe connector;

[0017] The pneumatic air pipe connector is located between the air guide pipe and the rotating shaft;

[0018] One end of the pneumatic air hose connector is connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the pneumatic air hose connector is connected to the air guide tube;

[0019] The end of the pneumatic air pipe connector that is connected to the rotating shaft is rotatable.

[0020] Optionally, the drive system further includes: a control device, a DC power supply, and a speed modulation module;

[0021] One end of the control device is connected to the stepper motor, and the other end is connected to the DC power supply. The control device provides pulse signal input to the stepper motor through the DC power supply.

[0022] The speed modulation module is connected to the control device and is used to control and adjust the rotational speed of the stepper motor.

[0023] The adjustable speed range of the stepper motor is 0–1000 rpm.

[0024] Optionally, the inclined support device includes: a base plate, an inclined connecting plate, and a support plate;

[0025] One end of the base plate is connected to one end of the support plate, the other end of the support plate is connected to one end of the inclined connecting plate, and the other end of the inclined connecting plate is connected to the base plate, forming a triangular support structure;

[0026] The stepper motor is mounted on the inclined connecting plate.

[0027] Optionally, the inclined connecting plate is provided with a circular hole and a mounting hole;

[0028] The mounting holes are arranged at multiple even intervals around the outer periphery of the circular holes;

[0029] The stepper motor is fixed to the inclined connecting plate through the mounting hole;

[0030] The air guide tube passes through the circular hole and is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0031] Optionally, the inclined support device further includes an inclined brace plate, which is disposed between the inclined connecting plate and the base plate, and forms a collection chamber between the inclined brace plate and the base plate for receiving the cut-off parts.

[0032] Optionally, the base plate, the inclined connecting plate, the support plate, and the inclined brace plate are integrally formed.

[0033] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a controllable-angle polymer spherical cap based on a femtosecond laser-driven tilting and rotating device, comprising:

[0034] The tilting rotary cutting device is fixed on a precision positioning platform;

[0035] Start the vacuum adsorption system, fix the polymer balls onto the stepper motor through the adsorption components, set the rotation parameters and start the stepper motor;

[0036] Next, the femtosecond laser system is activated, and the focal point is focused on the center position of the upper surface of the polymer sphere through the objective lens, and the laser parameters are set;

[0037] The polymer sphere is tilted and rotated by a drive system, and a laser is output at a fixed spatial position to perform point cutting, so that the angle of the cut surface of the polymer sphere's crown can be controlled.

[0038] This application provides a femtosecond laser-based tilting and rotating device that achieves control over the tilting and rotating posture of an object through the coordinated control of a stepper motor, a tilting support structure, and a vacuum adsorption system. This ensures the concentricity of the polymer sphere during high-speed rotation. Each part can be independently designed and processed, making operation simple and flexible. It combines the advantages of femtosecond laser processing technology and controllable angle cutting technology, enabling controllable angle, high precision, and high flexibility in three-dimensional micro / nano processing without changing the laser incident direction. This significantly improves the freedom and application range of femtosecond lasers in processing complex micro / nano structures.

[0039] Other technical effects resulting from the additional features will be further illustrated in the corresponding embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tilting and rotating device based on a femtosecond laser, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inclined support device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilting support device at another angle according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cutting result of a polymer spherical cap by a femtosecond laser-based tilting and rotating device is shown according to an exemplary embodiment, wherein 3-1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the spherical cap obtained by a conventional cutting method, and 3-2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the spherical cap obtained by a femtosecond laser-based tilting and rotating device.

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Femtosecond laser system; 2. Inclined support device; 3. Polymer ball; 4. Adsorption component; 5. Stepper motor; 6. Pneumatic air pipe connector; 7. Air guide pipe; 8. Vacuum pump; 9. Control device; 10. DC power supply; 11. Speed ​​modulation module; 21. Base plate; 22. Inclined brace plate; 23. Inclined connecting plate; 24. Support plate; 25. Mounting hole; 26. Circular hole. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Parts not described in detail in the following embodiments can be implemented using existing technology.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0051] In existing technologies, traditional devices only support vertical laser beam incidence and static workpiece fixation. They lack efficient and stable process support for cutting spatial angles or curved surfaces, and the cutting surface is often limited to the vertical direction. This results in the plasma not being uniformly pressed onto the spherical cap surface, low laser utilization, and the ability to rotate only horizontally, limiting the processing angle. Based on these problems, this application provides a femtosecond laser-based tilting and rotating device to solve these issues.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 As shown in one embodiment of this application, a tilting and rotating device based on a femtosecond laser includes: a femtosecond laser system 1, used to emit a femtosecond laser beam to cut an object.

[0053] It also includes a drive system 100, an inclined support device 2, and a vacuum adsorption system 200. The drive system 100 is used to drive the object to move; the vacuum adsorption system 200 is connected to the drive system 100 and is used to adsorb the object; the drive system 100 includes a stepper motor 5, which is mounted on the inclined support device 2; the vacuum adsorption system 200 includes an adsorption component 4 and a vacuum pump 8, the adsorption component 4 is mounted at one end of the stepper motor 5, and the vacuum pump 8 is mounted at the other end of the stepper motor 5, and the adsorption component 4 adsorbs the object through the vacuum pump 8.

[0054] Specifically, by setting up a drive system 100, a tilting support device 2, and a vacuum adsorption system 200, the object is first adsorbed onto the stepper motor 5 of the drive system 100 by the vacuum adsorption system 200. Then, during the object cutting process, the drive system 100 drives the object to rotate at different angles via the stepper motor 5. At the same time, the tilting support device 2 tilts the stepper motor 5 to control the tilting and rotational posture of the object. The femtosecond laser system 1 processes the object at different angles, thereby achieving the fabrication of complex structures of the object.

[0055] It should be noted that the object described below is represented by polymer sphere 3. Of course, in other embodiments, the object can be other options and is not limited to polymer spheres.

[0056] In the above embodiments of this application, the tilting and rotational attitude of the spherical shell is controlled by the stepper motor 5, the tilting support device 2 and the vacuum adsorption system 200 in a coordinated manner, while ensuring the concentricity of the polymer sphere 3 during high-speed rotation. Each part can be designed and processed independently, making operation simple and flexible. At the same time, it combines the advantages of femtosecond laser processing technology and controllable angle cutting technology, and realizes three-dimensional micro-nano processing with controllable angle, high precision and high flexibility without changing the laser incident direction, which significantly improves the degree of freedom and application range of femtosecond laser in the processing of complex micro-nano structures.

[0057] In order to achieve the effect of adsorbing objects while the stepper motor 5 is rotating, in some specific embodiments of this application, the stepper motor 5 includes a rotating shaft with a hollow structure. The vacuum pump 8 and the adsorption component 4 are connected through the hollow structure of the rotating shaft to enable the adsorption component 4 to have an adsorption effect.

[0058] Specifically, by setting the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 5 to a hollow structure, the vacuum pump 8 and the adsorption component 4 of the vacuum adsorption system 200 are connected through the rotating shaft. The vacuum pump 8 generates negative pressure, which is applied to the adsorption component 4 through the rotating shaft. The adsorption component 4 is located at one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the vacuum pump 8, so that the rotating shaft can adsorb objects while rotating.

[0059] In the above embodiments of this application, the stepper motor 5 is configured with a hollow shaft, so that the adsorption capacity of the vacuum adsorption system 200 is realized through the shaft. While the shaft adsorbs the polymer ball 3 through the adsorption component 4, the angle of the polymer ball 3 can be adjusted by its own rotation, thereby realizing the preparation of the polymer ball 3 crown. This simplifies the complexity of the structure and reduces the cost.

[0060] In some specific embodiments of this application, the vacuum adsorption system 200 further includes a gas guide pipe 7; one end of the gas guide pipe 7 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump 8.

[0061] Specifically, in one embodiment, the gas guide tube 7 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the adsorption component 4 is disposed at the other end of the rotating shaft. The adsorption and rotation of the polymer ball 3 are achieved by generating negative pressure through the vacuum pump 8, the gas guide tube 7, the rotating shaft, and the adsorption component 4. In this application, the gas guide tube 7 on the vacuum adsorption system 200 can also be inserted into the vacuum structure of the rotating shaft, with one end connected to the vacuum pump 8 and the other end connected to the adsorption component 4. In this embodiment, the gas guide tube 7 can rotate with the rotating shaft.

[0062] The adsorption component 4 is a replaceable structure, including but not limited to dispensing needles, clamping mechanisms, or customized adsorption interfaces, to adapt to polymer spheres 3 of different sizes or structures. The vacuum adsorption system 200 has adjustable gas volume and pressure to adapt to spheres of different sizes or structures.

[0063] It should be noted that, in order to achieve precise adsorption of the polymer balls 3, the front end of the stepper motor 5 and the dispensing needle (adsorption assembly 4) are mechanically fixed through a threaded structure, ensuring the stability and maintainability of the assembly. The rear end of the stepper motor 5 is connected to the vacuum adsorption system 200, and the vacuum adsorption of the polymer balls 3 is achieved based on the hollow structure of the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 5.

[0064] The diameter of the dispensing needle tip is 0.6mm.

[0065] In some specific embodiments of this application, the vacuum adsorption system 200 further includes a pneumatic air pipe connector 6; the pneumatic air pipe connector 6 is disposed between the air guide pipe 7 and the rotating shaft; one end of the pneumatic air pipe connector 6 is connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the pneumatic air pipe connector 6 is connected to the air guide pipe 7.

[0066] The pneumatic air hose connector 6 has a rotatable end that is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0067] Specifically, when the air guide tube 7 is connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft will drive the air guide tube 7 to rotate. In order to ensure that the air guide tube 7, which is directly connected to it, does not become entangled during high-speed rotation, thus causing mechanical failure, a 360° high-speed rotating pneumatic air tube connector 6 is further set between the air guide tube 7 and the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 5, so that when one side of the hollow rotating shaft rotates at high speed, the air guide tube 7 on the other side can remain stationary to avoid entanglement.

[0068] It should be noted that the vacuum adsorption system 200 includes a small negative pressure vacuum pump 8 and a gas guide pipe 7. The stepper motor 5 is connected to the small negative pressure vacuum pump 8 through the gas guide pipe 7. The gas flow rate of the small negative pressure vacuum pump 8 is adjustable from 3 to 18 L / min, and the negative pressure gas flow rate is 0.065 mPa.

[0069] In some specific embodiments of this application, the drive system 100 further includes: a control device 9, a DC power supply 10, and a speed modulation module 11. One end of the control device 9 is connected to the stepper motor 5, and the other end is connected to the DC power supply 10. The control device 9 provides pulse signal input to the stepper motor 5 through the DC power supply 10. The speed modulation module 11 is connected to the control device 9 and is used to control and adjust the rotational speed of the stepper motor 5.

[0070] The adjustable speed range of stepper motor 5 is 0–1000 rpm.

[0071] Specifically, by setting up the control device 9, when controlling the stepper motor 5, the DC power supply 10 generates a DC regulated source, which provides pulse input to the stepper motor 5 through the control device 9 to control the rotation of the stepper motor 5. At the same time, the speed modulation module 11 is set up to adjust the speed of the stepper motor 5, thereby realizing the control of the stepper motor 5.

[0072] It should be noted that the stepper motor 5 has a current of 3A, a shaft diameter of 10mm, a torque of 1.0NM, and an adjustable speed range of 0–1000rpm. In a preferred embodiment, the drive system 100 includes a DC power supply 10 to provide a 24V pulse input to the stepper motor 5.

[0073] Reference Figures 2 to 3As shown, in some specific embodiments of this application, the inclined support device 2 includes: a base plate 21, an inclined connecting plate 23, and a support plate 24. One end of the base plate 21 is connected to one end of the support plate 24, the other end of the support plate 24 is connected to one end of the inclined connecting plate 23, and the other end of the inclined connecting plate 23 is connected to the base plate 21, forming a triangular support structure; the stepper motor 5 is mounted on the inclined connecting plate 23.

[0074] This application provides a femtosecond laser-based tilting and rotating device that, through the combination of a high-speed rotating hollow stepper motor 5, a vacuum pump 8, and a tilting support device 2, can achieve stable adsorption and high-precision processing of complex spherical structures at the micron scale and other locations, expanding the types of micro-processed objects and significantly improving the accuracy of angle control and the consistency of repeated processing.

[0075] In some specific embodiments of this application, the inclined connecting plate 23 is provided with a circular hole 26 and a mounting hole 25; the mounting hole 25 has a plurality of evenly spaced holes arranged on the outer periphery of the circular hole 26; the stepper motor 5 is fixed on the inclined connecting plate 23 through the mounting hole 25; the air guide pipe 7 passes through the circular hole 26 and is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0076] In some specific embodiments of this application, the inclined support device 2 further includes an inclined brace plate 22, which is disposed between the inclined connecting plate 23 and the base plate 21, and forms a collection chamber between the inclined brace plate 22 and the base plate 21 for receiving the cut-off parts.

[0077] Specifically, the base plate 21 serves as the bottom support structure of the bracket, with one end fixedly connected to the inclined connecting plate 23. The intermediate inclined support plate 22 provides support for the inclined connecting plate 23 while forming a collection surface with the base plate 21 to receive the cut-off spherical crown components. This design effectively prevents the spherical crown from falling onto the positioning platform with vacuum adsorption holes and becoming difficult to remove, facilitating recycling and disposal. The inclined connecting plate 23 has four smaller fixing holes and a larger circular hole 26 in the center. The stepper motor 5 is fixed to the inclined connecting plate 23 using four sets of bolts and nuts through the four fixing holes. The hollow shaft passes through the circular hole 26, achieving coaxial connection with the external vacuum system.

[0078] The support plate 24 is located between the base plate 21 and the inclined connecting plate 23, forming a triangular mechanical support structure. This structure is used to prevent the inclined connecting plate 23 from tilting and deforming due to the long-term gravitational load applied by the stepper motor 5. This significantly improves the structural stability and service life of the entire machine. The inclined support structure forms a stable three-dimensional load-bearing structure through the combination of multiple plates. The overall structure is compact, the stress is reasonable, and it has both good mechanical properties and manufacturability.

[0079] It should be noted that the tilting support device 2 of this application can be manufactured using 3D printing technology. Therefore, when designing drawings, support structures with different tilting angles can be designed according to different cutting angle requirements.

[0080] In some specific embodiments of this application, the base plate 21, the inclined connecting plate 23, the support plate 24, and the inclined brace plate 22 are integrally formed.

[0081] In another embodiment of this application, a method for preparing a polymer spherical cap with controllable angle is also provided, which is achieved using the femtosecond laser tilting and rotating device in any of the above embodiments. Specifically, the preparation method includes:

[0082] S1, Fix the tilting rotary cutting device on the precision positioning platform;

[0083] S2, Start the vacuum adsorption system, fix the polymer ball on the stepper motor through the adsorption component, set the rotation parameters and start the stepper motor;

[0084] S3. Next, start the femtosecond laser system, focus the objective lens on the center of the upper surface of the polymer sphere, and set the laser parameters.

[0085] S4 controls the tilting and rotation of the polymer ball through the drive system, and outputs laser at a fixed spatial position for point cutting, so that the angle of the cut surface of the polymer ball crown can be controlled.

[0086] Specifically, polymer hollow spheres with good uniformity and size controllability are prepared by using microfluidic methods.

[0087] First, the femtosecond laser processing system is turned on to preheat the laser and ensure stable output power. Simultaneously, the precision positioning platform is activated for origin calibration and coordinate initialization, providing high-precision positioning for subsequent focusing and cutting. Stepper motor 5 is fixed to tilting support device 2, which is fixed to the multi-axis precision positioning platform, enabling multi-dimensional spatial linkage control. In a preferred embodiment, the multi-axis precision positioning platform has an XY axis accuracy of ±0.75µm, a Z axis accuracy of ±0.325µm, and a maximum speed ≥500mm / s. The front end of stepper motor 5 is connected to a dispensing needle, and the rear end is connected to a small negative pressure vacuum pump 8 via a high-speed rotating pneumatic air pipe connector 6 and an air pipe, forming a stable adsorption and rotation transmission mechanism.

[0088] The control device 9 is connected to the stepper motor 5 at one end and the speed modulation module 11 at the other end to precisely control the motor's rotation speed. The polymer sphere 3 is precisely transferred from the culture dish to the tip of the dispensing needle using a vacuum suction pen. A small negative pressure vacuum pump 8 is turned on, using negative pressure suction to fix the sphere on the needle tip. After the transfer is complete, the suction pen is removed to ensure the sphere is firmly positioned. The target polymer sphere 3 is identified in the machine vision interface of the femtosecond laser system 1, and the laser spot is focused on the brightest point at the top of the sphere, i.e., the highest point of the sphere's geometric center, and the laser processing parameters are set.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the focusing objective lens has a magnification of 10×, a numerical aperture of 0.26, and a working distance of 30.5 mm; the laser wavelength is 1030 nm, the power is 0.125 W, the repetition frequency is 12.5 kHz, the single pulse energy is 50 µJ, and the laser path is set to a fixed-point cutting mode. The regulated power supply is turned on and the output voltage is adjusted to 24V. The stepper motor 5 is set to a speed of 300 rpm via the speed modulation module 11, causing the polymer ball 3 to begin rotating at a fixed tilt angle.

[0090] To overcome the slight mechanical vibration caused by the start-up and rotation of the stepper motor 5, the laser focus position was fine-tuned under a microscope to ensure that the laser spot was focused on the center point of the sphere's top. The laser cutting program was then initiated, achieving high-precision cutting of the spherical crown structure during the sphere's rotation. Because the laser focus point is aligned with the sphere's rotation center and the cutting trajectory is stable, a polymer spherical crown structure with clear edges and a controllable tilt angle can be formed.

[0091] Through the above steps and the inclined cutting device, the experimental results are as follows (refer to...). Figure 4 As shown, 3-1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the spherical crown obtained by the traditional cutting method, and 3-2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the spherical crown obtained by the tilting and rotating device based on the femtosecond laser. Compared with the traditional cutting method, this application can form a polymer spherical crown structure with clear edges and controllable tilt angle.

[0092] It should be noted that the output parameters of the femtosecond laser system 1 include, but are not limited to: wavelength range of 515–1030nm, pulse width of 10ps–290fs, average laser power of 0.05W–10W, repetition frequency range of 1kHz–1MHz, and focal length adjustable according to cutting requirements.

[0093] The precision positioning platform is an integral part of the femtosecond laser platform. It can be understood as a stage. By placing the tilting and rotating cutting device on the precision positioning platform, basic three-dimensional motion and laser focusing alignment are achieved.

[0094] Among them, the multi-axis precision positioning platform supports XYZ three-axis adjustment, has micron-level positioning accuracy and high-speed response capability, and is suitable for complex trajectory control and alignment operations.

[0095] Preferably, the speed of the stepper motor 5 is set in the range of 200–600 rpm, which can be adjusted according to the size, thickness and cutting accuracy requirements of the polymer ball 3.

[0096] The preferred features in the above embodiments can be used individually in any embodiment, or in any combination thereof, provided they do not conflict with each other. Furthermore, parts not described in detail in the embodiments can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0097] The foregoing has described some specific embodiments of this application. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this application. The above-described preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a controllable-angle polymer spherical cap, characterized in that, The method employs a femtosecond laser-based tilting and rotating device, which includes: a femtosecond laser system for emitting a femtosecond laser beam to cut an object; and also includes: a driving system, a tilting support device, and a vacuum adsorption system. The drive system is used to drive the object to move; The vacuum adsorption system is connected to the driving system and is used to adsorb the object; The drive system includes a stepper motor, which is mounted on the inclined support device; The vacuum adsorption system includes an adsorption component and a vacuum pump. The adsorption component is located at one end of the stepper motor, and the vacuum pump is located at the other end of the stepper motor. The adsorption component adsorbs the object through the vacuum pump. The method includes: fixing the tilting and rotating device on a precision positioning platform; Start the vacuum adsorption system, fix the polymer balls onto the stepper motor through the adsorption components, set the rotation parameters and start the stepper motor; Next, the femtosecond laser system is activated, and the focal point is focused on the center position of the upper surface of the polymer sphere through the objective lens, and the laser parameters are set; The polymer sphere is tilted and rotated by a drive system, and a laser is output at a fixed spatial position to perform point cutting, so that the angle of the cut surface of the polymer sphere's crown can be controlled.

2. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepper motor includes a rotating shaft with a hollow structure. The vacuum pump is connected to the adsorption component through the hollow structure of the rotating shaft, which enables the adsorption component to have an adsorption effect.

3. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vacuum adsorption system also includes a gas guide tube; One end of the air guide tube is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump.

4. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vacuum adsorption system also includes a pneumatic air pipe connector; The pneumatic air pipe connector is located between the air guide pipe and the rotating shaft; One end of the pneumatic air hose connector is connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the pneumatic air hose connector is connected to the air guide tube; The end of the pneumatic air pipe connector that is connected to the rotating shaft is rotatable.

5. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive system also includes: a control device, a DC power supply, and a speed modulation module; One end of the control device is connected to the stepper motor, and the other end is connected to the DC power supply. The control device provides pulse signal input to the stepper motor through the DC power supply. The speed modulation module is connected to the control device and is used to control and adjust the rotational speed of the stepper motor. The adjustable speed range of the stepper motor is 0–1000 rpm.

6. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inclined support device includes: a base plate, an inclined connecting plate, and a support plate; One end of the base plate is connected to one end of the support plate, the other end of the support plate is connected to one end of the inclined connecting plate, and the other end of the inclined connecting plate is connected to the base plate, forming a triangular support structure; The stepper motor is mounted on the inclined connecting plate.

7. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inclined connecting plate is provided with circular holes and mounting holes; The mounting holes are multiple and are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the circular holes; The stepper motor is fixed to the inclined connecting plate through the mounting hole; The air guide tube passes through the circular hole and is connected to the rotating shaft.

8. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inclined support device also includes an inclined brace plate, which is disposed between the inclined connecting plate and the base plate, and forms a collection chamber between the inclined brace plate and the base plate for receiving the cut-off parts.

9. The method for preparing a controllable angle polymer spherical cap according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base plate, inclined connecting plate, support plate and inclined brace plate are integrally formed.

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