Anti-seismic floor deformation joint device for large size deformation and working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides an anti-seismic floor deformation joint device for large-size deformation and a working method thereof, which can meet the large-size anti-seismic deformation, improve the ratio of the expansion amount to the deformation joint width, and solve the problems of increasing the overall bearing capacity without increasing the thickness of the center plate, and replacing the local parts or the overall parts as needed without damaging the floor decoration layer. The base is fixedly arranged on the structure on both sides of the deformation joint; the cover plate assembly is slidably arranged on the base; the sliding rod is fixed to the bottom of the cover plate assembly and arranged along the width direction of the deformation joint; the sleeve ring is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod and can slide along the width direction of the deformation joint; the upper end of the upper connecting rod is hinged to the sleeve ring, the lower end of the upper connecting rod is hinged to the upper end of the lower connecting rod, and the lower end of the lower connecting rod is hinged to the sliding block; the rear anchor plate is fixed to the structure on both sides of the deformation joint; the sliding rail is fixed to the rear anchor plate and arranged along the length direction of the deformation joint; and the sliding block is slidably arranged on the sliding rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device that can be used for large-scale deformation and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, devices for earthquake-resistant floor expansion joints mainly consist of a frame, base, center plate, connecting rod, fastening bolts, seismic springs, and sliding balls. Their structural features are as follows: the base is fixed to both sides of the floor expansion joint with expansion bolts at certain intervals; the frame rests inside the base; the center plate rests on the floor expansion joint and is bolted to the side frames to form a whole; the upper part of the center plate is a decorative layer covering the floor expansion joint; the lower part of the center plate contains fastening bolts and seismic springs connected to the connecting rods; sliding balls are installed at both ends of the connecting rods, and the sliding balls are installed in grooves on both sides of the base; an elastic rubber strip is inlaid at the upper part of the joint between the base and the frame. When an earthquake occurs, the center plate and frame of the device rise along the inclined surface of the frame to withstand seismic displacement, as shown in Chinese Patent Application No. CN201920572643.1. However, this type of earthquake-resistant expansion joint device has the following shortcomings: The earthquake-resistant expansion joint devices described above, as well as those used in the National Building Standard Design Atlas 14J936 "Construction of Expansion Joints," have deformation ranges limited by the amount of expansion and contraction achievable by the sliding of the connecting rod and sliding ball along the groove. They primarily meet the earthquake resistance requirements for expansion joints with a width of 500mm or less. Earthquake-resistant expansion joint devices capable of handling expansion joints wider than 500mm are rarely seen. Furthermore, according to the National Building Standard Design Atlas 14J936 "Construction of Expansion Joints," the actual expansion and contraction ratio of this type of earthquake-resistant expansion joint device to the expansion joint width is approximately 0.5, indicating low deformation efficiency. Additionally, when the expansion joint width is large, this type of earthquake-resistant expansion joint device is limited by the combination relationship and spatial dimensions between the base, center plate, and sliding rod. The main method to increase the overall load-bearing capacity of the expansion joint device is to increase the thickness of the center plate, which significantly increases the cost. Another drawback is that the connecting rod and slider of the center plate are installed in the grooves on both sides of the base. Once installed, they cannot be disassembled separately. This means that if this type of earthquake-resistant expansion joint device is damaged in a major earthquake and needs to be replaced with a new device, the floor decoration layer must be pried open and the entire expansion joint device must be disassembled and replaced. This will inevitably damage the floor decoration layer, resulting in increased costs and problems such as the coordination caused by the color difference between the old and new decoration layers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art and to provide a seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device and its working method that has a reasonable structural design and can be used for large-size deformation. It can meet the seismic deformation of large sizes with a width of 500mm or more, and can improve the ratio of expansion and contraction to the width of the expansion joint, i.e., deformation efficiency. At the same time, it solves the problem of not increasing the thickness of the central plate to increase the overall load-bearing capacity and flexibly replacing local or overall components as needed without damaging the floor decoration layer.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is: a seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device that can be used for large-size deformation, comprising a base, a cover plate assembly, and a seismic-resistant mechanism; the base is fixedly mounted on the structures on both sides of the expansion joint; the cover plate assembly is slidably mounted on the base and located above the expansion joint; characterized in that: the seismic-resistant mechanism includes a sliding rod and a seismic-resistant deformation component; the sliding rod is fixed to the bottom of the cover plate assembly and is arranged along the width direction of the expansion joint; the seismic-resistant deformation component includes a collar, an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a seismic-resistant spring, and a sliding mechanism, the sliding mechanism including a slider. A seismic-resistant mechanism includes a seismic deformation assembly disposed opposite each other on both sides of the expansion joint; a collar is slidably fitted onto a slide rod, the collar being able to slide along the width direction of the expansion joint on the slide rod; the upper end of the upper connecting rod is hinged to the collar, the lower end of the upper connecting rod is hinged to the upper end of the lower connecting rod, and the lower end of the lower connecting rod is hinged to the slider; a rear anchor plate is fixed to the structure on both sides of the expansion joint; a slide rail is fixed to the rear anchor plate, the slide rail being disposed along the length direction of the expansion joint; a slider is slidably disposed on the slide rail, the slider being able to slide along the length direction of the expansion joint on the slide rail.

[0005] The cover plate assembly of the present invention includes a frame, a center plate, and steel balls; the frame is slidably disposed on the base; the center plate is fixedly connected to the frame to form a whole; a steel ball is slidably disposed between the center plate and the base, with the bottom of the steel ball contacting the base.

[0006] The base of the present invention has a sloping protrusion fixed at the outer end away from the expansion joint, and an extension fixed at the end of the protrusion, the extension being fixed to the structure on both sides of the expansion joint; the base has a limiting stop fixed at the inner end near the expansion joint, and a stop buffer strip is fixedly provided on the inner side of the limiting stop.

[0007] The central plate of the present invention has a sliding groove, and the central plate is fixedly connected to the frame with bolts to form a whole, and the bolts are arranged in the sliding groove; a pair of steel balls are arranged at the lower part of the sliding groove, and the pair of steel balls are respectively located on both sides of the bolts.

[0008] The central plate of the present invention is provided with reinforcing ribs at its lower part.

[0009] The present invention provides an upper connecting rod hook connector on the upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod hook connector on the lower connecting rod. The upper end of the anti-vibration spring is connected to the upper connecting rod hook connector, and the lower end is connected to the lower connecting rod hook connector.

[0010] The sliding mechanism of the present invention further includes a limiting angle code and an angle code buffer strip; the limiting angle code is closely attached to both ends of the slide rail and fixed to the rear anchor plate, and the angle code buffer strip is pasted on the inner side of the limiting angle code.

[0011] The present invention includes a waterstop strip below the seismic mechanism, which is fixed to the structure on both sides of the expansion joint.

[0012] The present invention comprises several earthquake-resistant mechanisms arranged at certain intervals along the length direction according to the width of the expansion joint.

[0013] A method for operating a seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device applicable to large-scale deformation, characterized by comprising the following processes: (1) When a strong earthquake occurs, as the expansion joint is stretched, the angle between the upper and lower connecting rods increases, the seismic spring is stretched and elongated, and the seismic deformation components on both sides of the expansion joint slide towards the ends of the sliding rod. When the earthquake force disappears and the structure on both sides of the expansion joint returns to its original position, the seismic deformation components can be driven by the internal force of the seismic spring to restore the entire expansion joint device to its original position. (2) When a normal earthquake occurs, as the expansion joint narrows, the angle between the upper and lower connecting rods increases, the seismic spring is stretched and elongated, and the seismic deformation components on both sides of the expansion joint slide towards the middle of the sliding rod. Correspondingly, the cover plate assembly is also lifted upward as the sliding rod is lifted by the seismic deformation components. At this time, the cover plate assembly is still within the base range. If the earthquake intensity continues to increase or a strong earthquake occurs, the seismic spring continues to be stretched and elongated, and the seismic deformation components on both sides of the expansion joint continue to slide towards the middle of the sliding rod. Correspondingly, the cover plate assembly continues to be lifted upward as the sliding rod is lifted by the seismic deformation components. At this time, the cover plate assembly may slide out of the base range. When the earthquake force disappears and the positions of the structures on both sides of the expansion joint are restored, the seismic deformation components can be driven by the internal force of the seismic spring to restore the entire expansion joint device to its original position. (3) When uneven settlement of the foundation occurs, as the structure on the side with the larger settlement sinks, the seismic deformation components on the side with the larger settlement sink together. At the same time, the base and frame on the side with the larger settlement also sink. The central plate on the side with the larger settlement also sinks, and the central plate tilts towards the side with the larger settlement. Since there is a certain height of deformation space between the base and the central plate, this deformation can be unimpeded. At the same time, even if settlement deformation occurs, at least one steel ball on each side of each set of seismic deformation components can roll normally, ensuring that it can still function normally after settlement deformation occurs and an earthquake occurs.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: 1. Because this invention employs a different approach than previous methods, utilizing a seismic deformation component and sliding mechanism composed of two connecting rods and an anti-seismic spring, the entire expansion joint device has a stronger deformation capacity. It can effectively meet the seismic deformation requirements of large-sized seismic expansion joint devices with a width of 500mm or more, a requirement rarely seen in current seismic expansion joint devices. Simultaneously, this invention is also applicable to expansion joints with a width of 500mm or less. Due to the above technical solution, this invention significantly improves the ratio of actual expansion to expansion joint width. Taking a 600mm wide expansion joint as an example, the actual expansion can reach 450, and the ratio of actual expansion to expansion joint width can reach 0.75, resulting in high deformation efficiency.

[0015] 2. The two connecting rods of this invention are connected by hinges, which allows the two connecting rods to rotate within a certain angle. The anti-seismic springs suspended on the two connecting rods expand and contract with deformations such as earthquakes. At the same time, the position and angle of the two connecting rods change accordingly, thereby driving the cover plate assembly to move relative to the expansion joint. When the earthquake ends, the anti-seismic springs automatically reset due to their own internal force, and the entire expansion joint device also resets accordingly.

[0016] 3. The sliding mechanism ensures that the connecting rod assembly can rotate and slide freely to meet the lateral expansion and contraction deformation of the expansion joint, and that the entire expansion joint device can undergo corresponding forward and backward displacement when displacement deformation occurs before and after an earthquake, and return to its original position when the earthquake ends.

[0017] 4. The structure of the present invention can be reinforced with reinforcing ribs at the lower part of the central plate, which improves the overall structural strength and load-bearing capacity of the expansion joint device without increasing the thickness of the central plate, greatly enhances the seismic performance of the expansion joint device, has good stability, and also saves costs.

[0018] 5. This invention is easy to install, and if it is damaged by a major earthquake and needs to be replaced, partial or whole parts can be flexibly replaced as needed without damaging the floor decoration layer. This solves the problem that previous earthquake-resistant floor expansion joint devices were inconvenient to replace after being damaged by a major earthquake. It has good durability and economy.

[0019] 6. In addition to satisfying the front-back and left-right displacement caused by earthquakes, this invention can also satisfy the displacement changes of buildings caused by factors such as uneven foundation settlement and temperature changes. It has wide applicability and is easy to implement and promote.

[0020] 7. This invention adds a pair of auxiliary sliding steel balls between the central plate and the two side frames, making deformation more flexible. A limiting edge and a buffer strip are added to the base near the expansion joint, thereby increasing the safety of the expansion joint device during lateral expansion and contraction. This avoids the situation where, with commonly used earthquake-resistant expansion joint devices, the expansion joint width increases beyond a certain range due to the lack of effective connection between the frame and the base, causing the entire expansion joint device and the upper decorative layer to fall, posing a safety hazard to people on the next floor. The limiting angle brackets ensure that the entire expansion joint device remains within a safe range during displacement and deformation after an earthquake, providing good safety. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front elevation structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of Part B; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of Part B after removing the anchor plate, expansion bolts and limit angle brackets; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front elevation structure of an embodiment of the present invention when the expansion joint spacing increases during a strong earthquake; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front elevation structure of an embodiment of the present invention when the expansion joint spacing is reduced during a typical earthquake; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front elevation structure of an embodiment of the present invention when the expansion joint spacing is reduced during a strong earthquake; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the front elevation structure of an embodiment of the present invention when encountering uneven settlement of the foundation. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0023] I. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device of the present invention, which can be used for large-size deformation, includes a base 1, a cover plate assembly and a seismic-resistant mechanism.

[0024] The base 1 is fixedly mounted on the floor slabs 13 on both sides of the expansion joint, and is located above the expansion joint. A sloping protrusion 1-1 is fixed to the outer end of the base 1 away from the expansion joint, and an extension 1-2 is fixed to the end of the protrusion 1-1. The extension 1-2 is fixed to the floor slab 13 with expansion bolts 9. The base 1 is fixed to the floor slab 13 with expansion screws 11 on the side near the expansion joint. The tail of the expansion screw 11 is flush with the surface of the base 1, ensuring that the frame 2 and the center plate 3 are not obstructed during the expansion and contraction of the expansion joint. A limiting edge 1-3 is fixedly mounted on the inner end of the base 1 near the expansion joint. A buffer strip 28 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the limiting edge 1-3 to prevent damage from severe impact during a strong earthquake.

[0025] The cover plate assembly is slidably mounted on the base 1 and located above the expansion joint. The cover plate assembly includes a frame 2, a center plate 3, and steel balls 5.

[0026] The frame 2 is slidably mounted on the base 1, and an elastic strip 10 is inlaid on the upper part of the joint between the frame 2 and the base 1.

[0027] The center plate 3 has elongated oval sliding grooves 3-1 on both sides. The center plate 3 is fixedly connected to the side frames 2 with bolt groups 6 to form a whole, and the bolt groups 6 are set in the sliding grooves 3-1. A pair of steel balls 5 are slidably arranged between the center plate 3 and the base 1 to assist sliding. The steel balls 5 are located at the lower part of the sliding grooves 3-1, and the pair of steel balls 5 are located on both sides of the bolt groups 6. The bottom of the steel balls 5 is in contact with the base 1. During deformation such as earthquakes, the steel balls 5 can roll flexibly relative to the base 1, allowing the cover plate assembly to slide. A sliding groove cover plate 3-2 is installed above the sliding grooves 3-1 to prevent the upper bonding mortar from entering the sliding grooves 3-1 and causing the steel balls 5 to be unable to roll flexibly under the sliding grooves 3-1. The upper part of the central slab 3 consists of adhesive mortar and a finishing layer 12 covering the floor expansion joint. The upper surface of the central slab 3 has elongated protrusions to better bond the upper adhesive mortar to the central slab 3. These protrusions can have various shapes and their main function is to increase the bonding strength between the central slab 3 and the upper adhesive mortar. The lower part of the central slab 3 is equipped with reinforcing ribs 4 to improve the overall structural strength and load-bearing capacity of the expansion joint device, thereby enhancing its seismic performance.

[0028] The seismic-resistant mechanism includes a sliding rod 7 and seismic deformation-resistant components. Several seismic-resistant mechanisms are arranged at certain intervals along the length direction according to the width of the expansion joint, ensuring that the entire seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device, which can be used for large-scale deformation, has sufficient strength and flexible deformation capacity.

[0029] The slide bar 7 is fixed to the bottom of the center plate 3 with screws 8, and the slide bar 7 is set along the width direction of the expansion joint.

[0030] The seismic deformation-resistant assembly includes a collar 15, an upper connecting rod 16, a lower connecting rod 17, a seismic spring 18, and a sliding mechanism. The sliding mechanism includes a slider 20, a slide rail 21, a limiting angle bracket 22, and an angle bracket buffer strip 26. A seismic-resistant mechanism includes a seismic deformation-resistant assembly, which is disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the expansion joint.

[0031] The collar 15 is slidably fitted onto the slide rod 7, and the collar 15 can slide along the width direction of the expansion joint on the slide rod 7. The upper end of the upper connecting rod 16 is hinged to the collar 15 via hinge 27, and the lower end of the upper connecting rod 16 is hinged to the upper end of the lower connecting rod 17 via hinge 27. The lower end of the lower connecting rod 17 is hinged to the slider 20 via hinge 27, so that the two connecting rods can rotate within a certain angle. The upper connecting rod 16 is provided with an upper connecting rod hook joint 16-1, and the lower connecting rod 17 is provided with a lower connecting rod hook joint 17-1. The upper end of the anti-seismic spring 18 is connected to the upper connecting rod hook joint 16-1, and the lower end is connected to the lower connecting rod hook joint 17-1. When the position and angle of the two connecting rods change with deformation such as earthquake, the anti-seismic spring 18 will expand and contract accordingly, thereby driving the frame 2 and the center plate 3 to move relative to the deformation joint. When the earthquake ends, the anti-seismic spring 18 will automatically reset under the drive of internal force, and the entire deformation joint device will also reset accordingly.

[0032] The rear anchor plate 19 has an elongated hole, which can be adjusted up and down. After the seismic deformation component is precisely adjusted to the optimal position and the position of the rear anchor plate 19 is finely adjusted accordingly, the expansion bolt 9 is passed through the elongated hole and accurately fixed and tightened on the beams 14 on both sides of the deformation joint. In this way, the rear anchor plate 19 is fixed on the beams 14 on both sides of the deformation joint.

[0033] The slide rail 21 is fixed on the rear anchor plate 19. The slide rail 21 can be integrally formed with the rear anchor plate 19, or it can be welded to the rear anchor plate 19 by welding. The slide rail 21 is set along the length direction of the expansion joint.

[0034] The slider 20 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 21, and can slide along the length of the expansion joint on the slide rail 21. Limiting angle brackets 22 are tightly attached to both ends of the slide rail 21 and fixed to the rear anchor plate 19 with self-tapping screws 23. Angle bracket buffer strips 26 are attached to the inner side of the limiting angle brackets 22. Because the slide rail 21 uses limiting angle brackets 22 and angle bracket buffer strips 26 at both ends, the entire expansion joint device can both move forward and backward with earthquakes and effectively constrain the displacement, resulting in good safety. This sliding mechanism allows the entire seismic-resistant expansion joint device to move forward and backward accordingly during earthquakes and return to its original position after the earthquake ends.

[0035] Considering the possibility of occasional water leakage on the ground, a waterstop 24 is installed below the seismic-resistant structure. The waterstop 24 is fixed to the beam 14 with a continuous pressure strip 25 and expansion bolts 11, and the upper part of the continuous pressure strip 25 is filled with waterproof sealant. Depending on the location of the seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device that can be used for large-scale deformation, a fire-resistant strip can be installed below the waterstop if necessary. The base 1 has notches at certain intervals near the limiting edge 1-3 to ensure that occasional water leakage can flow smoothly to the waterstop 24 and finally be connected to the drainage system through a drainage device.

[0036] The installation process of this invention embodiment is as follows: During installation, the base 1 must first be installed using expansion bolts 9 and expansion screws 11. Figure 1 Fixed to the floor slab 13, then attach the edge buffer strip 28 to the inside of the limiting edge 1-3. Next, insert the steel ball 5 into the lower part of the sliding groove 3-1, and fix the center plate 3 and the frame 2 with bolt group 6. Note that during installation, the bolt part of bolt group 6 should first be passed through the frame 2 and center plate 3 with the bolt facing upwards, then the sliding groove cover plate 3-2 should be fitted onto the bolt part of bolt group 6, and finally the nut part of bolt group 6 should be tightened. The lower part of bolt group 6 should be flush with the lower surface of frame 2. The tightness of bolt group 6 should ensure that the steel ball 5 can roll flexibly in the lower part of sliding groove 3-1. Next, first fit the collar 15 onto the slide rod 7, and then fix the slide rod 7 to the bottom of the center plate 3 with screws 8. Then connect the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17 with hinges 27, and then suspend the anti-seismic spring 18 on the upper connecting rod hook joint 16-1 and the lower connecting rod hook joint 17-1, thus forming an anti-seismic deformation assembly. Then, based on the position of the anti-seismic deformation component under no external force, the rear anchor plate 19 and slide rail 21 are initially fixed to the beams 14 on both sides of the deformation joint using expansion bolts 9. Next, the slider 20 is fitted into the slide rail 21, its front and rear positions are adjusted, and it is connected to the lower connecting rod 17 using hinges 27. The rear anchor plate 19 has an elongated hole, allowing for vertical adjustment of its position. After precisely adjusting the anti-seismic deformation component to the optimal position and making corresponding minor adjustments to the position of the rear anchor plate 19, the expansion bolts 9 are accurately fixed and tightened onto the beam 14. Immediately afterwards, the limiting angle brackets 22 are attached to both ends of the slide rail 21 and fixed to the rear anchor plate 19 with self-tapping screws 23. Angle bracket buffer strips 26 are then attached to the inside of the limiting angle brackets 22. Finally, the waterstop strip 24 is fixed to the beam 14 using a continuous pressure strip 25 and expansion bolts 11, and waterproof sealant is embedded in the upper part of the continuous pressure strip 25. Finally, bonding mortar and decorative layer 12 are applied to the base 1, frame 2, and center plate 3, and an elastic adhesive strip 10 is inlaid on the upper part of the joint between the base 1 and the frame 2. At this point, the installation of the device of the present invention is complete.

[0037] II. The working method of the earthquake-resistant floor expansion joint device applicable to large-size deformation in the embodiments of the present invention, and the working principle in the event of deformation such as earthquakes, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 6-9 This includes the following processes: (1) See Figure 6 When a strong earthquake occurs, as the expansion joint widens, the angle between the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17 in the seismic deformation assembly increases, and the seismic spring 18 is stretched and extended. Simultaneously, the seismic deformation assemblies on both sides of the expansion joint slide towards the ends of the sliding rod 7. When the seismic force disappears and the structures on both sides of the expansion joint return to their original positions, the seismic deformation assembly, driven by the internal force of the seismic spring 18, can restore the entire expansion joint device to its original position. The deformation and recovery of the present invention when the expansion joint spacing widens during a typical earthquake is similar to the above description, except that the degree of deformation is less severe, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0038] (2) See Figure 7 When a typical earthquake occurs, as the expansion joint narrows, the angle between the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17 in the seismic deformation assembly increases, and the seismic spring 18 is stretched and elongated. Simultaneously, the seismic deformation assemblies on both sides of the expansion joint slide towards the center of the sliding rod. Correspondingly, the cover plate assembly also rises upwards as the sliding rod 7 is lifted by the seismic deformation assembly, while still remaining within the base 1. If the earthquake intensity continues to increase or a strong earthquake occurs, the deformation... Figure 8 In this state, the seismic spring 18 continues to be stretched and extended, while the seismic deformation components on both sides of the expansion joint continue to slide towards the middle of the slide bar 7. Correspondingly, the cover plate assembly continues to rise as the slide bar 7 is pushed up by the seismic deformation components. At this time, the cover plate assembly may slide out of the range of the base 1. When the seismic force disappears and the positions of the structures on both sides of the expansion joint are restored, the seismic deformation components can be driven by the internal force of the seismic spring 18 to restore the entire expansion joint device to its original position.

[0039] (3) See Figure 9 When uneven settlement of the foundation occurs, as the structure on the side with the larger settlement sinks, the seismic deformation components on that side also sink significantly. Simultaneously, the base 1 and frame 2 on the side with the larger settlement also sink significantly, and the center plate 3 on the side with the larger settlement also sinks significantly, causing the center plate 3 to tilt towards that side. Because there is a certain amount of deformation space between the base 1 and the center plate 3, this deformation is not hindered. Furthermore, even if settlement deformation occurs, at least one steel ball 5 on each side of each set of seismic deformation components can roll normally, ensuring that the invention can function normally even after settlement deformation and earthquakes.

[0040] III. The following is a brief description of the disassembly and replacement method after the device of this invention is damaged by a major earthquake. According to the basic principle of my country's structural seismic design—"no damage in minor earthquakes, repairable in moderate earthquakes, and no collapse in major earthquakes"—the width of the expansion joint is also matched to this principle. This means that the expansion joint device is allowed to be damaged in the event of a moderate or greater earthquake. However, existing seismic-resistant floor expansion joint devices, because the connecting rod and sliding ball of the center plate are installed in the sliding grooves on both sides of the base, cannot be disassembled separately after installation. This means that if such a seismic-resistant expansion joint device is damaged in a major earthquake and needs to be replaced with a new device, the floor slab must be pried open and the entire expansion joint device disassembled and replaced, inevitably causing damage to the floor slab. This invention completely solves the problem of the inconvenience of replacing previously used seismic-resistant floor expansion joint devices after damage by a major earthquake. The specific disassembly and replacement method is as follows: In the event of a normal earthquake, if some or all of the components of the lower seismic deformation-resistant assembly, including the upper connecting rod 16, lower connecting rod 17, and seismic spring 18, are damaged, maintenance personnel can unscrew the bolts and nuts at the hinges on both sides of the damaged component at the lower part of the device, remove the bolts, and replace the damaged component with a new one. In the event of a strong earthquake, if the lower seismic deformation-resistant assembly, upper frame 2, and center plate 3 are all damaged, maintenance personnel can first remove the lower seismic deformation-resistant assembly according to the aforementioned steps, then lift the upper frame 2 and center plate 3 to a certain height and move them to the side of the deformation joint. Inspect the damaged components and replace them accordingly; undamaged components can continue to be used. After replacing the damaged components, reinstall the device according to the aforementioned installation steps. The device composed of both old and new components will still have the same seismic deformation resistance as a brand-new device.

[0041] The key points of this invention are as follows: 1. The length of the seismic spring 18 should be sufficient to maintain an angle of 120°-130° between the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17 in its natural state, and the working stroke of the seismic spring 18 under ultimate load should meet the requirement that the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17 form a 180° angle, thereby ensuring the highest deformation efficiency. 2. The stiffness and damping characteristics of the seismic spring 18 should be controlled within a reasonable range, so that the tension of the seismic spring matches the rate of earthquake deformation. A further technical solution is to match seismic springs with different stiffness and damping characteristics to different seismic intensity settings, so that the seismic spring can perform optimally in each seismic expansion joint device. III. The safety factor of the seismic spring 18 should ensure that the maximum working load (i.e., the load borne by the seismic spring 18 when the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17 form a 180° angle) is less than 80% of the ultimate load. Its corrosion resistance and applicable ambient temperature range should meet the requirements of the project's design service life, so that the seismic spring 18 will always have good working performance within the project's design life. IV. The two ends of the seismic spring 18 are equipped with anti-detachment open hooks, which can ensure quick installation and disassembly, and also ensure that the spring is permanently and firmly suspended on the hook joints at both ends during operation. In addition, the dimensions of the upper connecting rod hook joint 16-1 and the lower connecting rod hook joint 17-1 should ensure that when the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17 form a 180° angle, there is a gap of 3mm or more between the seismic spring 18 and the upper connecting rod 16 and the lower connecting rod 17, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the seismic spring 18 during operation. V. The ratio of the length of the slide rod 7 to the width of the expansion joint is maintained at about 2:3, so that the seismic deformation component can slide freely, thereby maximizing the deformation efficiency. VI. The length ratio of the upper connecting rod 16 to the lower connecting rod 17 should be maintained at approximately 2:3. This ensures high deformation efficiency while minimizing the space occupied in the lower part, leaving room for the installation of the lower waterstop 24. VII. The diameter of the pin of the hinge 27 used in various locations should be slightly smaller than the hole diameter, ensuring flexible rotation of the connecting parts without looseness. This ensures good coordination and optimal performance of the entire seismic expansion joint device during operation. VIII. The length of the rear anchor plate 19 and the sliding mechanism should be appropriately matched to the seismic intensity of the building, ensuring that the forward and backward sliding deformation of the entire seismic expansion joint device better matches the actual project conditions. IX. The protrusion height on the upper surface of the center plate 3 should be controlled above 2mm to allow for better bonding of the upper adhesive mortar with the center plate 3. X. The size of the steel ball 5 below the sliding groove 3-1 should ensure that the bottom of the steel ball 5 contacts the base 1, allowing for flexible rolling relative to the base 1 during deformations such as earthquakes.

[0042] The technical requirements for the long-term reliability of this invention are as follows: 1. After a major earthquake, to ensure the normal operation of this invention in the event of a subsequent earthquake, the continuous pressure strip 25 and expansion bolts 11 on one side of the waterstop 24 should be removed from the bottom of the beam. Each component of each set of seismic deformation joint devices should be inspected, especially the seismic spring 18, the bolt groups 6, the limiting flanges 1-3, and the limiting angle brackets 22. If any damage, significant deformation, or rust is found, it should be replaced with a new component. After replacement, the waterstop 24 and other components should be reinstalled in their original positions. 2. Regardless of whether component replacement is required after inspection, lubricating oil should be applied to the slide rod 7 and each bolt group 6 in the lower seismic deformation group. The nuts of each bolt group 6 should be adjusted to a moderate tightness to ensure the efficient operation of this invention in the event of a subsequent earthquake.

[0043] Furthermore, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in this specification may differ in the shape and name of their components, etc. The above description is merely illustrative of the structure of the present invention. All equivalent or simple variations made based on the structure, features, and principles described in this patent concept are included within the protection scope of this patent. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device suitable for large-scale deformation, comprising a base, a cover plate assembly, and a seismic-resistant mechanism; the base is fixedly mounted on the structures on both sides of the expansion joint; the cover plate assembly is slidably mounted on the base and located above the expansion joint; characterized in that: The earthquake-resistant mechanism includes a sliding rod and an earthquake-resistant deformation assembly. The sliding rod is fixed to the bottom of the cover plate assembly and is arranged along the width direction of the expansion joint. The earthquake-resistant deformation assembly includes a collar, an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, an earthquake-resistant spring, and a sliding mechanism, which includes a slider and a slide rail. One earthquake-resistant mechanism includes a pair of earthquake-resistant deformation assemblies, which are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the expansion joint. The collar is slidably fitted onto the sliding rod and can slide along the width direction of the expansion joint on the sliding rod. The upper end of the upper connecting rod is hinged to the collar, the lower end of the upper connecting rod is hinged to the upper end of the lower connecting rod, and the lower end of the lower connecting rod is hinged to the slider. A rear anchor plate is fixed to the structure on both sides of the expansion joint. The slide rail is fixed to the rear anchor plate and is arranged along the length direction of the expansion joint. The slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail and can slide along the length direction of the expansion joint on the slide rail.

2. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device applicable to large-size deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate assembly includes a frame, a center plate, and steel balls; the frame is slidably mounted on the base; the center plate is fixedly connected to the frame to form a whole; a steel ball is slidably mounted between the center plate and the base, with the bottom of the steel ball contacting the base.

3. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device applicable to large-size deformation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The base has a sloping protrusion fixed at its outer end away from the expansion joint, and an extension fixed at the end of the protrusion. The extension is fixed to the structure on both sides of the expansion joint. The base has a limiting stop fixed at its inner end near the expansion joint, and a stop buffer strip is fixed on the inner side of the limiting stop.

4. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device for large-size deformation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The center plate has a sliding groove, and the center plate is fixedly connected to the frame with bolts to form a whole, and the bolts are set in the sliding groove; a pair of steel balls are set at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the pair of steel balls are respectively located on both sides of the bolts.

5. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device for large-size deformation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The lower part of the central plate is provided with reinforcing ribs.

6. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device for large-size deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper connecting rod is provided with an upper connecting rod hook joint, and the lower connecting rod is provided with a lower connecting rod hook joint. The upper end of the anti-vibration spring is connected to the upper connecting rod hook joint, and the lower end is connected to the lower connecting rod hook joint.

7. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device for large-size deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism also includes a limiting angle code and an angle code buffer strip; the limiting angle code is closely attached to both ends of the slide rail and fixed to the rear anchor plate, and the angle code buffer strip is pasted on the inner side of the limiting angle code.

8. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device for large-size deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A waterstop is installed below the seismic-resistant structure, and the waterstop is fixed to the structure on both sides of the expansion joint.

9. The seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device for large-size deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Several seismic-resistant structures are arranged at certain intervals along the length direction according to the width of the expansion joint.

10. The working method of the seismic-resistant floor expansion joint device applicable to large-size deformation as described in any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: The process includes the following: (1) When a strong earthquake occurs, as the expansion joint is stretched, the angle between the upper and lower connecting rods increases, the seismic spring is stretched and elongated, and the seismic deformation components on both sides of the expansion joint slide towards the ends of the sliding rod. When the earthquake force disappears and the structure on both sides of the expansion joint returns to its original position, the seismic deformation components can be driven by the internal force of the seismic spring to restore the entire expansion joint device to its original position. (2) When a normal earthquake occurs, as the expansion joint narrows, the angle between the upper and lower connecting rods increases, the seismic spring is stretched and elongated, and the seismic deformation components on both sides of the expansion joint slide towards the middle of the sliding rod. Correspondingly, the cover plate assembly is also lifted upward as the sliding rod is lifted by the seismic deformation components. At this time, the cover plate assembly is still within the base range. If the earthquake intensity continues to increase or a strong earthquake occurs, the seismic spring continues to be stretched and elongated, and the seismic deformation components on both sides of the expansion joint continue to slide towards the middle of the sliding rod. Correspondingly, the cover plate assembly continues to be lifted upward as the sliding rod is lifted by the seismic deformation components. At this time, the cover plate assembly may slide out of the base range. When the earthquake force disappears and the positions of the structures on both sides of the expansion joint are restored, the seismic deformation components can be driven by the internal force of the seismic spring to restore the entire expansion joint device to its original position. (3) When uneven settlement of the foundation occurs, as the structure on the side with the larger settlement sinks, the seismic deformation components on the side with the larger settlement sink together. At the same time, the base and frame on the side with the larger settlement also sink. The central plate on the side with the larger settlement also sinks, and the central plate tilts towards the side with the larger settlement. Since there is a certain height of deformation space between the base and the central plate, this deformation can be unimpeded. At the same time, even if settlement deformation occurs, at least one steel ball on each side of each set of seismic deformation components can roll normally, ensuring that it can still function normally after settlement deformation occurs and an earthquake occurs.

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