A system and method for online monitoring of dynamic state of a shoe rail

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of rail transit inspection and discloses an online monitoring system and method for the dynamic status of the current collector shoe and contact rail. The system includes: a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, a triaxial accelerometer, a fiber demodulator, and a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic unit. The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor embeds a carbon sliding plate for measuring pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail. The triaxial accelerometer is used to simultaneously acquire vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions. The fiber demodulator is used to convert the pressure data and vibration acceleration data from optical signals to electrical signals. The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is used to comprehensively analyze the converted pressure data and vibration acceleration data to determine the working status of the current collector shoe. The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the triaxial accelerometer are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the fiber demodulator are connected via optical fiber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit inspection, and more specifically, to an online monitoring system and method for the dynamic status of rail tracks. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional current collector shoe pressure detection primarily relies on contact strain gauges or piezoelectric sensors. However, the carbon slide plate of the current collector shoe faces high-temperature environments during operation and is also subject to arc erosion. These harsh conditions significantly affect sensor performance, shortening its lifespan and causing detection accuracy to decline over time, making it difficult to meet the requirements for long-term, accurate pressure monitoring.

[0003] Currently, most existing technologies use only a single-axis accelerometer to monitor the vibration of the current collector shoe. However, in actual operation, the vibration of the current collector shoe is a complex three-dimensional motion, including lateral oscillation and vertical impact. A single-axis sensor cannot fully capture these vibration characteristics, resulting in a serious gap in the monitoring of the current collector shoe's vibration state and making it difficult to accurately assess its operating condition.

[0004] Pressure and vibration data are typically acquired independently in existing technologies. This makes it difficult to delve into the coupling relationship between pressure fluctuations and vibration energy when analyzing dynamic current collection processes. For example, a sudden drop in contact force may be accompanied by high-frequency flutter in the current collector shoe, but due to the independence of the data, it is impossible to effectively analyze such correlated phenomena, which is detrimental to accurately determining the operating status of the current collector shoe.

[0005] The current collector shoe itself has a relatively small space and needs to be frequently raised and lowered during operation. The wiring method of traditional sensors is relatively complex. In this environment with limited space and frequent movement, wiring is difficult and it is hard to guarantee long-term stable monitoring results. It is also prone to line failures, which will affect the normal operation of monitoring work.

[0006] Therefore, providing an online monitoring system for the dynamic status of the shoe track has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address at least one deficiency or improvement requirement of the existing technology, the present invention provides an online monitoring system and method for the dynamic status of the current collector shoe, which solves the problems of low reliability and stability of the monitoring system, can more comprehensively and accurately assess the working status of the current collector shoe, has strong spatial adaptability and excellent resistance to harsh environments.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a current collector shoe and contact rail is provided. This system includes: a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, a triaxial accelerometer, a fiber optic demodulator, and a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic unit. The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor embeds a carbon sliding plate for measuring pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail. The triaxial accelerometer is used to simultaneously acquire vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions. The fiber optic demodulator is used to convert the pressure data acquired by the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data acquired by the triaxial accelerometer from optical signals into electrical signals. The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is used to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to determine the working state of the current collector shoe. The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the triaxial accelerometer are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the fiber optic demodulator are connected via optical fiber.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is further configured to: establish a dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model and define a contact force variation index; trigger a contact instability warning when the contact force variation index exceeds a threshold; and calculate the contact force variation index CI using the following formula:

[0010]

[0011] Where, σ P μ represents the pressure standard deviation. P As the average pressure, A v This represents the amplitude of the vibration acceleration spectrum.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the fiber optic grating pressure sensor is further used to: calculate the pressure between the current collector shoe and the contact rail based on the linear relationship between the grating center wavelength drift and the pressure; the calculation formula for the linear relationship is specifically Δλ=K·P+C, where Δλ is the grating center wavelength drift, P is the shoe-rail contact pressure, and K and C are sensitivity coefficients.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is further configured to: calibrate a fiber optic grating pressure sensor by applying a standard force within a preset range, and obtaining a Δλ-P calibration curve by acquiring the grating center wavelength drift under different pressures; calibrate a triaxial accelerometer by calibrating a sine sweep frequency within a set range, and performing vibration measurement calibration by comparing the output of the accelerometer measured at different frequencies with a reference acceleration value.

[0014] In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber optic pressure sensor contacts the carbon slide plate through a flexible force transmission layer, which is composed of a high-temperature resistant silicone and a stainless steel corrugated diaphragm.

[0015] In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber optic pressure sensor is embedded in the current collector shoe arm, and transmits the pressure between the shoe arm and the contact rail to the grating sensitive area through a flexible force transmission structure.

[0016] In one exemplary embodiment, the triaxial accelerometer and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor are integrated on the same ceramic substrate, which is attached to the inner side of the current collector shoe support arm.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an online monitoring method for the dynamic state of a current collector shoe is also provided, applied to the online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a current collector shoe as described above, comprising: measuring pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail by embedding a carbon sliding plate in a fiber optic pressure sensor; synchronously acquiring vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical directions by a triaxial accelerometer; converting the pressure data acquired by the fiber optic pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data acquired by the triaxial accelerometer from optical signals to electrical signals by the fiber optic demodulator; and comprehensively analyzing the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator by a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module to determine the working state of the current collector shoe.

[0018] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the above-described online monitoring method for the dynamic status of the shoe track during runtime.

[0019] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the above-described online monitoring method for the dynamic status of the shoe track through the computer program.

[0020] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides an online monitoring system for the dynamic status of the track shoe. The total thickness of the sensor used is ≤3mm. After being installed on the track shoe, it will hardly affect the movement of the track shoe's lifting mechanism. It can perfectly adapt to the narrow installation space of the track shoe and meet its frequent lifting and lowering work requirements.

[0022] (2) Fiber optic sensors are resistant to high temperatures and electromagnetic interference, enabling them to operate stably in harsh environments where current collectors frequently experience electric arcing. Compared to traditional sensors, fiber optic sensors are less affected by environmental factors, greatly improving the reliability and stability of the monitoring system and ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0023] (3) By jointly analyzing pressure and vibration data, this invention can distinguish between different types of faults, such as carbon slide plate wear (manifested as an increase in high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration) and bracket loosening (manifested as low-frequency large-amplitude vibration). This multi-parameter collaborative diagnostic method, compared with single-parameter monitoring, can more comprehensively and accurately assess the working status of the current collector shoe, providing strong support for timely maintenance and fault prevention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of an optional online monitoring system for the dynamic status of a shoe track provided in this application embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an optional electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0029] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an online monitoring system for the dynamic status of a shoe track is provided. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 1 This application describes the online monitoring system for the dynamic status of the shoe track provided in the embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an optional online monitoring system for the dynamic status of a shoe track is provided as an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes:

[0031] Fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, triaxial accelerometer, fiber optic demodulator, and multi-parameter fusion diagnostic unit;

[0032] The fiber optic pressure sensor is embedded with a carbon slide plate for measuring the pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail.

[0033] The triaxial accelerometer is used to simultaneously acquire vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the horizontal, vertical and other directions.

[0034] The fiber optic demodulator is used to convert the pressure data collected by the fiber optic pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial accelerometer from optical signals into electrical signals.

[0035] The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is used to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to determine the working status of the current collector shoe.

[0036] The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the triaxial accelerometer are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the fiber optic demodulator are connected by an optical fiber.

[0037] In this embodiment of the application, in order to address the problems in traditional detection methods, such as the significant impact of harsh environments on equipment accuracy and lifespan, the lack of data from a single axial acceleration sensor, the inability to perform correlation analysis between pressure and vibration data, and the difficulty of wiring in traditional detection methods due to limited installation space for the current collector shoe, which affects the monitoring quality, an integrated monitoring of dynamic contact pressure, vibration acceleration, and abnormal wear status of the current collector shoe is achieved by using a fiber optic pressure sensor and a triaxial acceleration sensor.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the fiber optic pressure sensor (i.e., the fiber strain gauge shown in the figure) and the triaxial accelerometer (i.e., the MEMS accelerometer shown in the figure) can be integrated on the same substrate to perform joint analysis of pressure and vibration data and distinguish different types of faults such as carbon slide plate wear (manifested as an increase in high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration) and bracket loosening (manifested as low-frequency large-amplitude vibration).

[0039] Specifically, fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors can sense the magnitude and changes in contact pressure between the current collector shoe and the contact rail in real time. Utilizing the characteristics of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), when pressure is generated by the interaction between the current collector shoe and the contact rail, the FBG undergoes a slight deformation, changing its period and effective refractive index, thus causing a shift in the reflected wavelength. By detecting the change in reflected wavelength using a high-precision demodulator, the magnitude of the external pressure can be accurately calculated, enabling real-time monitoring of the pressure between the shoe and rail. FBG pressure sensors have excellent dynamic response characteristics, capable of capturing rapid changes in contact pressure between the shoe and rail, such as instantaneous pressure changes during train start-up, acceleration, deceleration, and cornering, providing detailed data for studying the dynamic interaction between the shoe and rail. The corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of fiber optic materials allow the FBG pressure sensor to maintain stable performance during long-term monitoring, enabling long-term, continuous monitoring of the dynamic state of the shoe and rail, providing long-term data support for track maintenance and management.

[0040] For example, a triaxial fiber optic accelerometer typically mounts a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) or a sensing element based on the Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometry principle on each axis. When an acceleration change occurs between the collector shoe and the contact rail, this acceleration acts on the sensor's sensing element, causing changes in the physical structure of the fiber grating or interferometer cavity. For instance, changes in the period or effective refractive index of the fiber grating cause a drift in the reflected light wavelength, or a change in the cavity length of the FP interferometer leads to a change in the interference light intensity. These changes are transmitted to a demodulator via optical fiber. The demodulator detects the amount of reflected wavelength drift or the change in interference light intensity and uses signal processing algorithms to calculate the magnitude and direction of the acceleration.

[0041] Furthermore, it is possible to simultaneously measure the vibration acceleration of the current collector shoe in three directions: transverse (X-axis), longitudinal (Y-axis), and vertical (Z-axis), to gain a comprehensive understanding of the vibration characteristics of the current collector shoe in different directions, providing more complete information for analyzing the dynamic interaction between the shoe and the track.

[0042] When a collision or impact occurs between the current collector shoe and the contact rail, a large acceleration pulse signal is generated. A triaxial fiber optic accelerometer can quickly capture these impact signals, helping to pinpoint the location and time of the impact, providing crucial information for fault diagnosis. Analysis of the impact signals can determine if there is localized deformation of the contact rail, severe wear of the current collector shoe, or other issues, allowing for timely repair and replacement.

[0043] Furthermore, since the triaxial fiber optic accelerometer can sense the components of gravitational acceleration in different directions, it can also be used to measure the tilt angle and attitude changes of the current collector shoe. This helps optimize the train's suspension system and operation control strategies, improving the train's operational safety and comfort.

[0044] A fiber optic demodulator (i.e., the demodulator shown in the figure) converts the wavelength change of light reflected from a fiber Bragg grating sensor into a measurable physical quantity. The refractive index inside a fiber Bragg grating sensor changes periodically. When external environmental factors such as temperature and stress change, the length of the grating region or the effective refractive index changes, causing a shift in the specific center wavelength of the reflected light. The demodulator detects this center wavelength shift, thus reflecting the change in the measured signal. Furthermore, it can measure various physical quantities, such as temperature, strain, pressure, displacement, acceleration, angle, weight, and shape. Taking pressure measurement as an example, when pressure increases, the wavelength reflected by the fiber material redshifts. The demodulator calculates the specific pressure change by accurately measuring this wavelength change.

[0045] It can monitor the status of fiber Bragg grating sensors and changes in the measured physical quantities in real time, respond quickly, and perform real-time data analysis and processing. For example, in online monitoring of the dynamic status of shoe rails, it can monitor the strain, displacement, and other conditions of the structure in real time, and promptly detect potential safety hazards and problems.

[0046] Furthermore, fiber optic demodulators typically have multiple channels, allowing connection to multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors to achieve multi-point distributed measurement. For example, in online monitoring of the dynamic condition of a shoe rail, by arranging fiber Bragg grating sensors at different locations and connecting them to multiple channels of the demodulator, physical quantities such as strain and temperature at multiple locations can be monitored simultaneously, providing a comprehensive understanding of the structural condition.

[0047] Optionally, the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module (i.e., the processor shown in the figure) triggers a "contact instability warning" when the contact force variation index exceeds a threshold, based on the dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model. Specifically, the possible operating states of the current collector shoe can be categorized into normal state, minor fault state, and severe fault state, and corresponding characteristic parameter thresholds or criteria can be set for each category. The fused comprehensive feature vector is matched and compared with the set thresholds or criteria, and the current operating state of the current collector shoe is determined based on the matching result. For example, if the pressure exceeds the normal range and the amplitude of vibration acceleration increases significantly, it can be determined that there is poor contact between the current collector shoe and the contact rail, which may be due to wear or foreign objects.

[0048] Based on the assessment of the operating status, timely decisions and early warnings are made. If the condition is normal, monitoring continues; if a minor fault is detected, an early warning signal is issued, prompting maintenance personnel to pay attention and conduct an inspection; if a serious fault is detected, an alarm signal is immediately issued, reminding the driver to take measures such as slowing down or stopping the train to ensure safe operation. Contact instability early warning is achieved by calculating the contact force variation index. Based on a multi-parameter fusion-based early warning method, the contact status of the current collector shoe can be more accurately reflected, allowing for the early detection of potential faults.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is further configured to:

[0050] Establish a dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model and define the contact force variation index;

[0051] A contact instability warning is triggered when the contact force variation index exceeds the threshold.

[0052] The specific formula for calculating the contact force variation index CI is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Where, σ P μ represents the pressure standard deviation. P As the average pressure, A v This represents the amplitude of the vibration acceleration spectrum.

[0055] This embodiment achieves integrated monitoring of dynamic contact pressure, vibration acceleration, and abnormal wear status of the current collector shoe by jointly analyzing pressure and vibration data.

[0056] In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is further used for:

[0057] The pressure between the current collector shoe and the contact rail is calculated based on the linear relationship between the grating center wavelength drift and the pressure.

[0058] The formula for calculating the linear relationship is Δλ=K·P+C, where Δλ is the grating center wavelength drift, P is the shoe rail contact pressure, and K and C are sensitivity coefficients.

[0059] Optionally, K and C are determined using a neural network model. Compared to the traditional least squares fitting method, the neural network model can suppress outlier sensitivity, making the predicted values ​​closer to the true values. The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] (1) Generating linear data with noise: To simulate the presence of noise in actual measurements, the formula for generating data is as follows:

[0061] Δλ=K·P+C+noise

[0062] (2) Constructing a linear neural network model: Construct a linear neural network model containing only a single layer to simulate the structure of linear equations, so that it can learn and fit the linear relationships in the data.

[0063] (3) Define the loss function and optimizer: The mean squared error (MSE) is selected as the loss function to measure the error between the model's predicted value and the true value. At the same time, the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimizer is selected to gradually reduce the loss function value by continuously adjusting the model parameters.

[0064] (4) Training the model: Using the backpropagation algorithm, the model parameters are continuously updated based on the feedback of the loss function, thereby fitting the linear relationship in the data and enabling the model to accurately learn the intrinsic relationship between pressure and wavelength drift.

[0065] (5) Output the values ​​of K and C: After training, the K and C values ​​output by the model are the key parameters in the linear relationship between pressure and wavelength drift, which can be used for subsequent pressure calculation.

[0066] In one exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is further configured to:

[0067] The fiber optic grating pressure sensor was calibrated by applying a standard force within a preset range. The Δλ-P calibration curve was obtained by collecting the center wavelength drift of the grating under different pressures and fitting the data.

[0068] The triaxial accelerometer is calibrated using a sinusoidal sweep frequency within a set range. Vibration measurement calibration is performed by comparing the accelerometer output measured at different frequencies with the reference acceleration value.

[0069] In this embodiment, to ensure the accuracy of the pressure sensor measurement, it is calibrated on a hydraulic testing machine. Optionally, the loading range is 0-200N standard force. By collecting the grating center wavelength drift under different pressures, a Δλ-P calibration curve is obtained by fitting, requiring a fitting degree R2>0.99 to ensure high accuracy of pressure measurement.

[0070] The accelerometer was calibrated using a vibration table with a sinusoidal sweep frequency range of 10-2000 Hz. By measuring the accelerometer's output at different frequencies, its sensitivity and accuracy were calibrated to ensure the reliability of the vibration measurements.

[0071] In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor contacts the carbon slide plate via a flexible force-transmitting layer, which is composed of a high-temperature resistant silicone rubber and a stainless steel corrugated diaphragm. This composite structure ensures stable operation in high-temperature environments while effectively transmitting pressure, guaranteeing accurate pressure measurement. It should be noted that high-temperature curing silicone rubber is used for encapsulation, allowing it to withstand the operating temperature of the carbon slide plate (-40℃ to 200℃).

[0072] In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber optic pressure sensor is embedded in the current collector shoe arm, and transmits the pressure between the shoe arm and the contact rail to the grating sensitive area through a flexible force transmission structure.

[0073] In one exemplary embodiment, the triaxial accelerometer and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor are integrated on the same ceramic substrate, which is attached to the inner side of the current collector shoe support arm.

[0074] This design can simultaneously measure the vibration acceleration of the current collector shoe in three directions: X (lateral), Y (longitudinal), and Z (vertical), thus comprehensively acquiring the vibration information of the current collector shoe.

[0075] In terms of signal transmission, the acceleration signal is transmitted through the idle fiber core of the fiber optic pressure sensor. This design avoids the use of additional cables, which not only simplifies system wiring but also reduces the risk of failure caused by excessive cables, thereby improving system stability and reliability.

[0076] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an online monitoring method for the dynamic state of a shoe track is provided, applied to the system described above, including:

[0077] Pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail is measured by embedding a carbon slide plate in a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor.

[0078] The vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the horizontal, vertical and vertical directions are acquired synchronously by a triaxial accelerometer.

[0079] The fiber optic demodulator converts the pressure data collected by the fiber optic pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial accelerometer from optical signals into electrical signals.

[0080] The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module comprehensively analyzes the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to determine the working status of the current collector shoe.

[0081] Specifically, a specially designed carbon sliding plate is carefully installed at the critical stress points of the current collector shoe. The carbon sliding plate is tightly integrated with the current collector shoe to ensure that when the current collector shoe is in contact with the contact rail and is subjected to force, the pressure can be accurately transmitted to the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor embedded in it. The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is based on the principle of fiber Bragg grating (FBG). When the pressure changes and causes the period and effective refractive index of the fiber Bragg grating to change, its Bragg wavelength shifts accordingly. By accurately measuring this wavelength shift, the pressure between the current collector shoe and the contact rail can be measured in real time and accurately.

[0082] Simultaneously, a triaxial accelerometer is used to acquire vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in three directions. The triaxial accelerometer is installed at a suitable location on the current collector shoe to ensure comprehensive capture of its vibrations in the lateral (left-right direction of the track), longitudinal (train running direction), and vertical (perpendicular to the track plane) directions. When the current collector shoe is in operation, it vibrates due to factors such as train operation and track conditions. The triaxial accelerometer senses the acceleration generated by these vibrations in real time, converts it into corresponding electrical signals, and records the vibration acceleration data in the three directions, providing comprehensive vibration information for subsequent analysis.

[0083] Pressure data acquired by fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors and vibration acceleration data acquired by triaxial accelerometers are initially presented as optical signals. Fiber optic demodulators, through high-precision photoelectric signal conversion technology, accurately convert these optical signals into electrical signals. During the conversion process, the fiber optic demodulator possesses high-precision measurement capabilities and excellent stability, ensuring that minute changes in the optical signals are precisely preserved and reflected in the converted electrical signals. This guarantees the integrity and accuracy of the original data, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent data analysis.

[0084] The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module comprehensively analyzes the pressure and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator, precisely aligning and fusing the pressure and vibration acceleration data in time series. By analyzing the trend of pressure data changes, it can understand whether the contact state between the current collector shoe and the contact rail is stable, and whether there are poor contact or uneven pressure distribution. Combining the characteristics of vibration acceleration data in three directions, it can further determine whether the current collector shoe has been subjected to abnormal impacts or excessive vibrations during operation, as well as the possible causes of these problems and their impact on the current collector shoe's working condition. Finally, based on the comprehensive analysis results, the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module accurately determines whether the current collector shoe's working condition is normal. If an abnormality is detected, it can issue a timely warning signal, providing strong protection for the safe operation of the train.

[0085] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a storage medium is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium can be used to execute the program code of any of the above-described online monitoring methods for the dynamic status of the shoe track in the embodiments of this application.

[0086] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps:

[0087] S1, measuring pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail by embedding a carbon slide plate in a fiber optic pressure sensor;

[0088] S2, through a triaxial accelerometer, synchronously acquires vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the horizontal, vertical and vertical directions;

[0089] S3, the pressure data collected by the fiber optic grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial accelerometer are converted from optical signals into electrical signals by the fiber demodulator;

[0090] S4 uses a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to determine the working status of the current collector shoe.

[0091] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0092] The computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, any type of disk, including floppy disks, optical disks, DVDs, CD-ROMs, microdrives, as well as magneto-optical disks, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, DRAMs, VRAMs, flash memory devices, magnetic cards or optical cards, nanosystems (including molecular memory ICs), or any type of medium or device suitable for storing instructions and / or data.

[0093] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device for implementing the above-described online monitoring method for the dynamic status of the shoe track is also provided. The electronic device may be a server, a terminal, or a combination thereof.

[0094] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optional electronic device according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes a processor 202, a communication interface 204, a memory 206, and a communication bus 208. The processor 202, communication interface 204, and memory 206 communicate with each other via the communication bus 208.

[0095] Memory 206 is used to store computer programs;

[0096] When processor 202 executes a computer program stored in memory 206, it performs the following steps:

[0097] S1, measuring pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail by embedding a carbon slide plate in a fiber optic pressure sensor;

[0098] S2, through a triaxial accelerometer, synchronously acquires vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the horizontal, vertical and vertical directions;

[0099] S3, the pressure data collected by the fiber optic grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial accelerometer are converted from optical signals into electrical signals by the fiber demodulator;

[0100] S4 uses a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to determine the working status of the current collector shoe.

[0101] Optionally, the communication bus can be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 2 The symbol is represented by a single thick line, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus. The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic device and other devices.

[0102] The memory may include RAM, or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0103] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including but not limited to: CPU (Central Processing Unit), NP (Network Processor), etc.; they can also be DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0104] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0106] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0108] The foregoing description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of embodiments of this disclosure upon considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of this disclosure are defined by the claims.

[0109] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic state online monitoring system for a bolster rail, characterized by, include: Fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, triaxial accelerometer, fiber optic demodulator, and multi-parameter fusion diagnostic unit; The fiber optic pressure sensor is embedded with a carbon slide plate for measuring the pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail. The triaxial accelerometer is used to simultaneously acquire vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the horizontal, vertical and other directions. The fiber optic demodulator is used to convert the pressure data collected by the fiber optic pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial accelerometer from optical signals into electrical signals. The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is used to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to determine the working status of the current collector shoe. The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the triaxial accelerometer are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the fiber optic demodulator are connected by an optical fiber. The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is also used for: Establish a dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model and define the contact force variation index; A contact instability warning is triggered when the contact force variation index exceeds the threshold. calculating the contact force variation index The formula is specifically, wherein, is the pressure standard deviation, is the pressure mean value, is the vibration acceleration frequency spectrum amplitude.

2. The on-line monitoring system for dynamic state of a bogie as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The fiber optic pressure sensor is also used for: The pressure between the current collector shoe and the contact rail is calculated based on the linear relationship between the grating center wavelength drift and the pressure. The specific formula for calculating the linear relationship is as follows: ,in, This is the wavelength shift at the center of the grating. For the shoe rail contact pressure, This is the sensitivity coefficient.

3. The on-line monitoring system for dynamic state of a bogie as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is also used for: The fiber optic grating pressure sensor was calibrated by applying a standard force within a preset range. The center wavelength drift of the grating under different pressures was collected, and the Δλ-P calibration curve was obtained by fitting the data. The triaxial accelerometer is calibrated using a sinusoidal sweep frequency within a set range. Vibration measurement calibration is performed by comparing the accelerometer output measured at different frequencies with the reference acceleration value.

4. The on-line monitoring system for dynamic state of a bogie as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The fiber optic pressure sensor contacts the carbon slide plate through a flexible force transmission layer, which is composed of a high-temperature resistant silicone and a stainless steel corrugated diaphragm.

5. The online monitoring system for the dynamic status of the shoe track as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic pressure sensor is embedded in the current collector shoe arm and transmits the pressure between the shoe arm and the contact rail to the sensitive area of ​​the grating through a flexible force transmission structure.

6. A method for online monitoring of dynamic state of a bolster rail, characterized in that, Applied to the system as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprising: Pressure data between the current collector shoe and the contact rail is measured by embedding a carbon slide plate in a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor. The vibration acceleration data of the current collector shoe in the horizontal, vertical and triaxial directions are acquired synchronously by a triaxial accelerometer. The fiber optic demodulator converts the pressure data collected by the fiber optic pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial accelerometer from optical signals into electrical signals. The multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module comprehensively analyzes the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to determine the working status of the current collector shoe.

7. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, performs the method of claim 6. 8.An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the electronic device comprising: The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the method of claim 6 through the computer program.

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