Anchorage cable and shaft support structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of shaft support equipment, and discloses an anchor cable and a shaft support structure, which comprises an anchoring head, a connecting piece and an anchoring plate, the anchoring head is embedded in an anchor hole, the anchoring plate is located outside the anchor hole, and the connecting piece connects the anchoring head and the anchoring plate; the anchoring head comprises an anchoring body with a cavity, an elastic air bag and a plurality of anchoring shells arranged on the anchoring body, the elastic air bag is located in the cavity, and the part between the elastic air bag and the inner wall of the anchoring head is filled with anchoring liquid; a plurality of overflow holes are arranged in an annular array on the anchoring body, a first film is arranged on the overflow hole, a plurality of long holes are arranged in an annular array on the anchoring body, and a second film is arranged on the long hole; the shaft support structure comprises an anchor cable, an inner lining ring and an anchor net, a plurality of inner lining rings are arranged at intervals in the shaft, the anchor net is arranged between the plurality of inner lining rings and the shaft, and the anchoring plate of the anchor cable is connected with the inner lining ring. The present application solves the problems of complicated steps, high support cost and low construction efficiency in the construction of the existing shaft support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shaft support equipment technology, and more specifically, to an anchor cable and shaft support structure. Background Technology

[0002] Support during shaft construction is a core element in ensuring shaft stability, preventing surrounding rock collapse, and guaranteeing construction safety. Support equipment and structures must be comprehensively designed based on geological conditions, shaft depth, and intended use. In permanent support systems, the combined anchor-sprayed mesh support system consists of system anchors, steel mesh, and sprayed concrete. The existing support anchors and anchor holes are primarily connected through structural adaptation, positioning control, and grouting consolidation. Anchor interface treatment includes secondary grouting to enhance the bond strength between the anchor body and the hole wall, or the use of mechanical expansion-shell anchors where the conical expansion shell frictionally engages with the hole wall followed by grouting to enhance durability. Anchor installation requires a large amount of mortar and equipment. The entire anchor installation process is complex, requiring extensive equipment and significant time investment. Furthermore, existing shaft supports mostly rely on anchors to hold the support system in place or use struts for inclined support. For deeper shaft operations, the existing support structure requires a large amount of anchors and support materials to barely meet the requirements, resulting in high overall shaft support costs and low construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anchor cable and shaft support structure that solves the problems of complicated construction steps, high support costs and low construction efficiency in existing shaft support construction.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an anchor cable, which is embedded in an anchor hole drilled on a support surface to form support for the support surface, includes an anchor head, a connector and an anchor plate, wherein the anchor head is embedded in the anchor hole, the anchor plate is located outside the anchor hole, and the connector connects the anchor head and the anchor plate.

[0005] The anchor head includes an anchor body with an internal cavity, an elastic air bladder, and several anchor shells that are wrapped around the anchor body. The elastic air bladder is disposed in the cavity, and the portion between the elastic air bladder and the inner wall of the anchor head is filled with anchoring fluid.

[0006] The anchor body is provided with a plurality of overflow holes arranged in a ring array, and a first film is provided to seal the overflow holes. The anchor body is also provided with a plurality of elongated holes arranged in a ring array, and a second film is provided to cover the elongated holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchor body is provided with a plurality of first protrusions arranged in a ring array, and the anchor shell is provided with a plurality of second protrusions. The second protrusions have a corresponding fitting cavity formed on the side near the anchor body, and the first protrusions fit into the corresponding fitting cavities.

[0008] Furthermore, a rigid plate is provided at one end of the cavity near the connector, and a plurality of air holes are provided on the rigid plate, the plurality of air holes being in communication with the elastic airbag;

[0009] The connector includes an outer mounting tube, an inner mounting tube, and an elastic cable. One end of the outer mounting tube is coaxially connected to the end of the anchor body near the rigid plate. The inner mounting tube is coaxially disposed inside the outer mounting tube. An inflation cavity is formed between the outer mounting tube and the inner mounting tube. The inflation cavity is connected to a plurality of air holes.

[0010] The elastic cable is sleeved on the inner mounting tube and fixedly connected to the rigid plate; the anchor plate is sleeved on the outer mounting tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the mounting inner tube away from the anchor plate extends and passes through the anchor body, and an anchor rod passes through the inner cavity of the mounting inner tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchor rod is rotatably mounted coaxially with the inner mounting tube, and a drill bit is rotatably mounted on the end of the anchor body away from the anchor plate, with the anchor rod and the drill bit being connected in a transmission manner.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchor bolt is coaxially provided with a slag blowing channel.

[0014] Furthermore, both the first and second protrusions are conical.

[0015] Furthermore, a shaft support structure includes an anchor cable, an inner lining ring, and an anchor mesh. A plurality of the inner lining rings are spaced apart inside the shaft, and the anchor mesh is laid between the plurality of inner lining rings and the shaft. The anchor plate of the anchor cable is connected to the inner lining ring.

[0016] The inner lining ring includes several branch members and a high-pressure airbag. The branch members are sequentially hinged and connected end to end. The high-pressure airbag is arranged around the inside of the branch members. High-pressure gas is pumped into the high-pressure airbag to expand the branch members into a regular ring shape.

[0017] Furthermore, the branch components are made of pipe, sheet metal, or I-beams.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner lining ring, after being expanded by the high-pressure airbag, is circular or a regular polygon.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. After the anchor head is placed in the anchor hole, gas or other highly fluid filler is pumped into the elastic air bladder. The elastic air bladder begins to expand in the cavity of the anchor head, which in turn squeezes the anchoring fluid in the cavity. The anchoring fluid squeezes the first membrane. After reaching a certain pressure, the first membrane is ruptured, and gas can be pumped in quickly so that a large number of membranes can be ruptured quickly. The anchoring fluid is then discharged from the overflow hole and enters the anchor hole. The anchoring fluid can be resin-based or cement-based. The anchoring fluid is used to quickly fix the anchor head to the soil matrix where the anchor hole is located. The anchor head passes through multiple layers of soil and rock matrix in the anchor hole, making the multiple layers of soil and rock matrix stable into a whole, increasing the shear resistance of the weak surface of the rock layer, preventing the deterioration of the surrounding rock strength, and enhancing the stability of the surrounding rock. At the same time, it can also be used to install and fix the support components set on the support surface.

[0021] 2. As the elastic airbag expands further, when the volume of the gas and other filling materials inside the elastic airbag exceeds the volume of the anchor head cavity, the elastic airbag ruptures the second membrane. The elastic airbag escapes from the elongated hole and presses against several anchor shells that are wrapped around the anchor body. By squeezing the anchor shells, they fit tightly against the inner wall of the anchor hole, further enhancing the connection strength between the anchor head and the anchor hole. Combined with the solidification of the anchoring fluid, a good anchoring structure is formed. The expansion force of the elastic airbag can make the soil matrix more compact and stable.

[0022] 3. After the anchor shell is expanded by the elastic airbag, the second protrusion embeds into the anchor hole, increasing the connection strength with the anchor hole. Simultaneously, because the inner diameter of the anchor hole is very close to the outer diameter of the several anchor shells surrounding the anchor body, even if the anchor shells are expanded but the first protrusion is not completely detached from the interlocking cavity, when the anchor body is subjected to an axial outward force, the first protrusion can abut against the interlocking cavity, thus allowing the anchor shell and the anchor body to interact and connect. Combined with further solidification by the anchoring fluid, this forms a good anchoring foundation. Simply pumping in gas allows for lunar construction or operation under conditions of low support strength, but it can also meet most support conditions on the ground. Furthermore, pumping in gas is inexpensive, and the anchoring fluid solidifies quickly, eliminating the need for multiple grouting injections, thus making anchor cable installation simple, quick, and inexpensive.

[0023] 4. When the elastic airbag is pumped with anchoring fluid instead of air, after the elastic airbag escapes from the elongated hole and expands the anchoring shell, the pumping continues to cause the elastic airbag to burst as well, and then solidifies through the injected anchoring fluid. This method is suitable for permanent support or support operations that require high strength.

[0024] 5. The anchor bolt can be directly driven to rotate by the drilling rig. The anchor bolt drives the drill bit to rotate, thus drilling directly into the support face. This allows for simultaneous drilling and installation of anchor cables. Simultaneously, a slag-blowing channel is coaxially formed inside the anchor bolt. High-speed air is pumped into the slag-blowing channel to blow the mudstone fragments generated during drilling out of the anchor hole. After drilling is completed, gas or anchoring fluid is directly pumped in to connect the anchor head to the anchor hole. After sealing, the anchor bolt can also be used as a load-bearing component, fixed together with the outer pipe, elastic cable, and inner pipe to form a good anchoring structure. This provides a stable foundation for the connection between the anchor plate and the support components. The overall construction process involves fewer steps, requires less equipment replacement, and is simple and quick to install, greatly improving construction efficiency and reducing support costs.

[0025] 6. By pumping high-pressure gas into the high-pressure airbag, the entire inner lining ring is expanded. After being expanded by the high-pressure airbag, the inner lining ring becomes a circular or regular polygonal shape, which fits against the inner wall of the shaft. Then, it works with the anchor cables to fix the anchor mesh to the support surface. Installation and removal are very convenient, which is more convenient for transportation and use than traditional on-site or pre-welded fixing. At the same time, the inner lining ring, through its ring-shaped support and in conjunction with the anchor cables, does not require separate inclined supports inside the shaft to achieve a good support effect. If necessary, only the structural strength of the inner lining ring needs to be strengthened. Thus, the overall support cost of the shaft is low and the efficiency is high. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the combination of anchor cables and shaft support structure provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an anchor cable provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an anchor cable provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at point BB;

[0032] Icons: 1. Support face, 2. Anchor head, 21. Anchor body, 211. Cavity, 212. Overflow hole, 213. First membrane, 214. Elongated hole, 215. Second membrane, 216. First protrusion, 22. Elastic airbag, 23. Anchor shell, 231. Second protrusion, 232. Fitting cavity, 24. Rigid plate, 241. Air hole, 3. Connector, 31. Outer mounting tube, 32. Inner mounting tube, 33. Elastic cable, 34. Inflation cavity, 4. Anchor plate, 5. Anchor rod, 51. Slag blowing channel, 52. Drill bit, 6. Inner liner ring, 61. Branch component, 62. High-pressure airbag, 7. Anchor mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0035] Reference Figures 2 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides an anchor cable, which is embedded in an anchor hole drilled in the support surface 1. The anchor hole can be a tunnel, slope, cliff, or well wall, etc., and the specific application scenario is not limited. It is mainly used to reinforce and support the support surface 1. It includes an anchor head 2, a connector 3, and an anchor plate 4. The anchor head 2 is embedded in the anchor hole and passes through the multi-layer rock and soil matrix in the anchor hole, so that the multi-layer rock and soil matrix is ​​stabilized into a whole, increasing the shear resistance of the weak surface of the rock layer, preventing the deterioration of the surrounding rock strength, and enhancing the stability of the surrounding rock. At the same time, it can also install and fix the support components set on the support surface 1. The anchor plate 4 is located outside the anchor hole. The connector 3 connects the anchor head 2 and the anchor plate 4. The anchor plate 4 is mainly connected to the support components on the support surface 1.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the anchor head 2 includes an anchor body 21 with an internal cavity 211, an elastic air bladder 22, and several anchor shells 23 that are wrapped around the anchor body 21. The elastic air bladder 22 is disposed in the cavity 211, and the portion between the air bladder and the inner wall of the anchor head 2 is filled with anchoring fluid. More specifically, the anchor body 21 has several overflow holes 212 arranged in a ring array, and a first membrane 213 is sealed on the overflow holes 212. The anchor body 21 also has several elongated holes 214 arranged in a ring array, and a second membrane 215 is covered on the elongated holes 214. The first membrane 213 and the second membrane 215 are mainly used to prevent leakage of anchoring fluid in the early stage, and the strength of the second membrane 215 is greater than that of the first membrane 213.

[0037] In specific implementation, such as Figures 2-5 As shown, when the anchor head 2 is placed in the anchor hole, gas or other highly fluid filler is pumped into the elastic air bladder 22. The elastic air bladder 22 begins to expand in the cavity 211 of the anchor head 2, thereby squeezing the anchoring fluid in the cavity 211. The anchoring fluid squeezes the first membrane 213. After reaching a certain pressure, the first membrane 213 is ruptured, and gas can be pumped in quickly so that a large number of membranes can be ruptured quickly. The anchoring fluid is then discharged from the overflow hole 212 and enters the anchor hole. The anchoring fluid can be a resin-based anchoring fluid or a cement-based anchoring fluid. The anchoring fluid is used to quickly fix the anchor head 2 to the soil substrate where the anchor hole is located.

[0038] like Figures 2-5 As shown, as the elastic airbag 22 further expands, when the gas and other filling material inside the elastic airbag exceed the volume of the cavity 211 of the anchor head 2, the elastic airbag 22 ruptures the second membrane 215. The elastic airbag 22 escapes from the elongated hole 214 and presses against several anchor shells 23 that are attached to the anchor body 21. Usually, one elongated hole 214 corresponds to one set of anchor shells 23. The number of anchor shells 23 is not less than two, and mostly between 4 and 8 sets, depending on the inner diameter of the anchor hole. The larger the inner diameter of the anchor hole, the more anchor shells 23 there are. By compressing the anchor shells... 23 fits tightly against the inner wall of the anchor hole, further enhancing the connection strength between the anchor head 2 and the anchor hole. Combined with the curing of the anchoring fluid, it forms a good anchoring structure. The expansion force of the elastic airbag 22 can make the soil matrix more compact and stable. When the anchor shell 23 hugs the anchor body 21, it can be hugged with the anchor body 21 by setting buckles or hidden buckles to ensure that it will not separate from the anchor body 21 before the burial is completed. At the same time, one end of the anchor shell 23 can be hinged to the anchor body 21. After the anchor shell 23 is opened, its anchoring effect is better.

[0039] More specifically, such as Figures 2-5As shown, the anchor body 21 has a plurality of first protrusions 216 arranged in a ring array, and the anchor shell 23 has a plurality of second protrusions 231. A corresponding fitting cavity 232 is formed on the side of the second protrusion 231 closest to the anchor body 21. The first protrusions 216 fit into the corresponding fitting cavity 232. In the initial state, the anchor shells 23 are wrapped around the anchor body 21, and the first protrusions 216 are placed within the fitting cavity 232 of the second protrusions 231. When the anchor shell 23 is expanded by the elastic airbag 22, the second protrusions 231 are embedded... The connection strength with the anchor hole is increased. Simultaneously, because the difference between the inner diameter of the anchor hole and the outer diameter of the anchor shells 23 surrounding the anchor body 21 is very small, even if the anchor shells 23 are spread apart, and the first protrusion 216 is not completely detached from the fitting cavity 232, when the anchor body 21 is subjected to an axial outward force, the first protrusion 216 can abut against the fitting cavity 232, thereby causing the anchor shells 23 and the anchor body 21 to interact and connect. Combined with further solidification of the anchoring fluid, this forms a good anchoring foundation. Simply pumping in gas allows for lunar construction or operation under conditions of low support strength, but it can also meet most ground support requirements. Furthermore, pumping in gas is inexpensive, and the anchoring fluid solidifies quickly, eliminating the need for multiple grouting injections, thus making anchor cable installation simple, quick, and inexpensive.

[0040] As another implementation method, when the elastic airbag 22 is pumped with anchoring fluid instead of air, after the elastic airbag 22 escapes from the elongated hole 214 and expands the anchoring shell 23, the pumping continues to cause the elastic airbag 22 to burst, and then solidifies through the injected anchoring fluid. This method is suitable for permanent support or support operations that require high strength.

[0041] More specifically, both the first protrusion 216 and the second protrusion 231 are conical. The conical second protrusion 231 is easier to penetrate into the inner wall of the anchor hole, so that the anchor shell 23 and the anchor hole form a good connection. At the same time, the conical shape of the first protrusion 216 also makes it easier for it to separate from the fitting cavity 232 on the anchor shell 23, thereby making it easier for the anchor shell 23 to be opened.

[0042] like Figures 2-5As shown, a rigid plate 24 is provided at one end of the cavity 211 near the connector 3. The rigid plate 24 has several air holes 241 that communicate with the elastic airbag 22. More specifically, the connector 3 includes an outer mounting tube 31, an inner mounting tube 32, and an elastic cable 33. One end of the outer mounting tube 31 is coaxially connected to the end of the anchor body 21 near the rigid plate 24. To facilitate the installation of the anchor cable, the diameter of the entire connector 3 is smaller than the diameter of the anchor head 2. The outer mounting tube 31 is coaxially and sealed to the anchor body 21 through a conical sleeve. The inner mounting tube 32 is coaxially disposed inside the outer mounting tube 31. An inflation chamber 34 is formed between the outer mounting tube 31 and the inner mounting tube 32, and the inflation chamber 34 communicates with the air holes 241. A flared connector is provided at the end of the outer mounting tube 31 located outside the anchor hole for connecting a pumped-in gas or other pumped-in fluid connector. When a fixed amount of gas or gaseous anchoring fluid is pumped in, or when a predetermined pressure is reached... If the anchoring shell 23 inside the anchor hole is pried open or the anchoring fluid is squeezed out, and the elastic airbag 22 is not damaged, as the equipment for inflation or filling with other pumped fluids and the flared end are removed, the elastic airbag 22 will only rebound slightly. This is because no other fluid enters the part between the elastic airbag 22 and the anchoring shell 23, and the anchoring fluid solidifies. Therefore, under the action of the internal pressure of the elastic airbag 22, the elastic gas only contracts slightly due to its own elastic force, but overall it hardly affects the anchoring shell 23 and the solidification and anchoring effect of the anchoring fluid. If the elastic airbag 22 is broken, it does not need to be considered. In order to ensure safety and prevent the action of soil pressure, the anchor sealing operation can also be selected so that the elastic airbag 22 pushes the anchoring shell 23 with a certain pressure. The anchor sealing operation is to seal the part between the installation outer shell and the installation inner shell by heat fusion or hydraulic clamps. Usually, hydraulic clamps are used to flatten the installation outer tube 31 and the installation inner tube 32 to seal the inflation chamber 34. If necessary, electric welding is used for further sealing.

[0043] More specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the elastic cable 33 is sleeved on the inner installation tube 32 and fixedly connected to the rigid plate 24. In specific implementation, the elastic cable 33 serves as the main force-bearing and connecting body between the anchor body 21 and the slope support. It is connected to the anchor body 21 through the rigid plate 24. After the anchor sealing operation, the elastic cable 33 is also fixed together with the inner installation tube 32 and the outer installation tube 31. At the same time, the anchor plate 4 is sleeved on the outer installation tube 31 and is also connected to the support. It is fixed together with the inner installation tube 32, the elastic cable 33, and the outer installation tube 31, forming a good connection with the anchor body 21.

[0044] More specifically, such as Figures 2-5As shown, the end of the inner tube 32 away from the anchor plate 4 extends and passes through the anchor body 21, and the inner cavity of the inner tube 32 is provided with an anchor rod 5. The anchor rod 5 is coaxially and rotatably mounted with the inner tube 32, and a drill bit 52 is rotatably mounted on the end of the anchor body 21 away from the anchor plate 4. The anchor rod 5 and the drill bit 52 are connected in a transmission manner. In practice, when drilling anchor holes is required, the anchor rod 5 can be directly driven to rotate by the drilling rig. The anchor rod 5 drives the drill bit 52 to rotate, thereby directly drilling holes in the support surface 1, realizing drilling and embedding anchor cables at the same time. At the same time, a slag blowing channel 51 is coaxially opened inside the anchor rod 5, and high-speed air is pumped into the slag blowing channel 51 to blow out the mudstone fragments generated during drilling from the anchor hole. After drilling is completed, gas or anchoring fluid is directly pumped in to connect the anchor head 2 to the anchor hole. After the anchor sealing operation, the anchor rod 5 can also be used as a load-bearing component and fixed together with the installation outer tube 31, elastic cable 33, and installation inner tube 32 to form a good anchoring structure, providing a stable foundation for the connection between the anchor plate 4 and the support components.

[0045] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a shaft support structure includes an anchor cable, inner lining rings 6, and an anchor mesh 7. Several inner lining rings 6 are spaced apart within the shaft, and an anchor mesh 7 is laid between the inner lining rings 6 and the shaft. The anchor plate 4 of the anchor cable is connected to the inner lining rings 6. When anchor cables are installed between adjacent inner lining rings 6, the anchor plate 4 can be directly connected and fixed to the anchor mesh 7. The anchor mesh 7 is tightly fitted to the support surface 1 through the several inner lining rings 6 and several anchor cables. The anchor mesh 7 is also known as chain link mesh, hanging mesh, diamond mesh, coal mine support mesh, or welded steel support mesh. It works together with the soil and rock mass to form a composite, compensating for insufficient strength of the soil and rock mass and providing anchoring, thus fully utilizing the structural strength potential of the soil and rock mass and ensuring the stability of the support surface 1. The anchor mesh 7 is installed on the support surface 1 with shotcrete, which helps to constrain the deformation of the support surface 1, making the entire support surface 1 a unified whole.

[0046] More specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the inner lining ring 6 includes several branch members 61 and a high-pressure airbag 62. The branch members 61 are hinged sequentially and end to end. The high-pressure airbag 62 is arranged around the inside of the branch members 61 and is fixedly connected to the branch members 61 respectively. The high-pressure airbag 62 is annular or "C" shaped. By pumping high-pressure gas into the high-pressure airbag 62, the branch members 61 are expanded into a regular annular shape. In practice, the branch component 61 is made of pipe, plate, or I-beam, selected according to the required strength. During lunar construction or construction in a small-diameter shaft, high-pressure gas is pumped into the high-pressure airbag 62 to expand the entire inner lining ring 6. After being expanded by the high-pressure airbag 62, the inner lining ring 6 becomes a circular or regular polygonal shape, fitting against the inner wall of the shaft. It then works with the anchor cable to fix the anchor mesh 7 to the support surface 1. When disassembling the inner lining ring 6, it is only necessary to release the air from the high-pressure airbag 62 and disconnect one of the hinge points of several branch components 61. The "C"-shaped high-pressure airbag 62 only requires the removal of the hinge point at the C-shaped opening after deflating, making installation and removal very convenient. Compared with traditional arch ribs that are fixed on-site or pre-welded, it is more convenient to transport and use. At the same time, the inner lining ring 6, through its ring-shaped support and in conjunction with the anchor cable, does not require a separate inclined support inside the shaft to achieve a good support effect. If necessary, only the structural strength of the inner lining ring 6 needs to be strengthened, resulting in low overall shaft support cost and high efficiency.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor cable, embedded in an anchor hole drilled in a support surface (1), for forming support for the support surface (1), characterized in that: It includes an anchor head (2), a connector (3) and an anchor plate (4). The anchor head (2) is embedded in the anchor hole, the anchor plate (4) is located outside the anchor hole, and the connector (3) connects the anchor head (2) and the anchor plate (4). The anchor head (2) includes an anchor body (21) with an internal cavity (211), an elastic air bladder (22), and several anchor shells (23) that are attached to the anchor body (21). The elastic air bladder (22) is disposed in the cavity (211), and the portion between the elastic air bladder (22) and the inner wall of the anchor head (2) is filled with anchoring fluid. The anchor body (21) is provided with a plurality of overflow holes (212) arranged in a ring array. A first film (213) is provided on the overflow holes (212). The anchor body (21) is also provided with a plurality of elongated holes (214) arranged in a ring array. A second film (215) is provided on the elongated holes (214). The anchor body (21) is provided with a plurality of first protrusions (216) arranged in a ring array, and the anchor shell (23) is provided with a plurality of second protrusions (231). The second protrusions (231) have a corresponding fitting cavity (232) formed on the side of the anchor body (21) close to the anchor body (21), and the first protrusions (216) fit into the corresponding fitting cavity (232). A rigid plate (24) is provided at one end of the cavity (211) near the connector (3). A plurality of air holes (241) are provided on the rigid plate (24), and the plurality of air holes (241) are connected to the elastic airbag (22). The connector (3) includes an outer mounting tube (31), an inner mounting tube (32), and an elastic cable (33). One end of the outer mounting tube (31) is coaxially connected to the end of the anchor body (21) near the rigid plate (24). The inner mounting tube (32) is coaxially disposed inside the outer mounting tube (31). An inflation chamber (34) is formed between the outer mounting tube (31) and the inner mounting tube (32). The inflation chamber (34) is connected to a plurality of air holes (241). The elastic cable (33) is sleeved on the inner mounting tube (32) and fixedly connected to the rigid plate (24); the anchor plate (4) is sleeved on the outer mounting tube (31); The inner tube (32) extends away from the anchor plate (4) and passes through the anchor body (21), and the inner cavity of the inner tube (32) is provided with an anchor rod (5).

2. An anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor rod (5) is rotatably mounted coaxially with the inner mounting tube (32), and a drill bit (52) is rotatably mounted on one end of the anchor body (21) away from the anchor plate (4). The anchor rod (5) and the drill bit (52) are connected in a transmission manner.

3. An anchor cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor rod (5) has a slag blowing channel (51) coaxially opened inside.

4. An anchor cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first protrusion (216) and the second protrusion (231) are conical.

5. A shaft support structure, comprising an anchor cable as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an inner lining ring (6) and an anchor mesh (7). Several inner lining rings (6) are spaced apart in the shaft. The anchor mesh (7) is laid between the several inner lining rings (6) and the shaft. The anchor plate (4) of the anchor cable is connected to the inner lining ring (6). The inner lining ring (6) includes several branch members (61) and a high-pressure airbag (62). The several branch members (61) are hinged in sequence and hinged end to end. The high-pressure airbag (62) is arranged around the inside of the several branch members (61). By pumping high-pressure gas into the high-pressure airbag (62), the several branch members (61) are opened into a regular ring shape.

6. A shaft support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The branch component (61) is made of pipe, plate or I-beam.

7. A shaft support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner lining ring (6) is circular or polygonal after being expanded by the high-pressure airbag (62).

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