Composite cable

Abstract

The application provides a composite cable. The composite cable comprises at least two conveying sections, all the conveying sections are sequentially communicated along a conveying direction, each conveying section comprises a central pipe, an outer periphery of the central pipe is sequentially coated with a pressure-resistant layer and a composite layer from inside to outside, the composite layer comprises a transmission unit and an outer protective layer coated on an outer periphery of the transmission unit, the transmission unit comprises at least one of an optical unit, an electrical unit and a hydraulic unit, and along the conveying direction, melting points of the at least two pressure-resistant layers are sequentially reduced. The composite cable of the technical scheme can solve the problem that the conveying pipe in the prior art is generally only applicable to one temperature interval and has low applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and more specifically, to a composite cable. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global emphasis on marine resource development, the extraction of seabed mineral resources has become crucial. Currently, deep-sea mining technology is rapidly developing, and the combination of deep-sea mining vehicles (DVRs) and long-distance vertical transport systems has proven to be an effective method for extracting seabed mineral resources. DVRs not only collect mineral resources but also integrate power and information transmission channels, enabling remote control and data communication, as well as automated deployment and retrieval operations, significantly improving mining efficiency and safety. However, existing transport pipe technologies are typically only suitable for a single temperature range, limiting their applicability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a composite cable that can solve the problem that existing delivery pipes are generally only suitable for one temperature range and have low applicability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a composite cable comprising: at least two transport sections, all of which are connected sequentially along the transport direction; each transport section includes a central tube; the outer periphery of the central tube is sequentially covered with a pressure-resistant layer and a composite layer from the inside to the outside; the composite layer includes a transmission unit and an outer sheath covering the outer periphery of the transmission unit; the transmission unit includes at least one of an optical unit, an electrical unit, and a hydraulic unit; and the melting points of the at least two pressure-resistant layers decrease sequentially along the transport direction.

[0005] Furthermore, the composite layer also includes a filling structure supported between the pressure-resistant layer and the outer sheath. The inner circumferential surface of the filling structure is configured to fit the outer circumferential surface of the pressure-resistant layer, and the outer circumferential surface of the filling structure is configured to fit the inner circumferential surface of the outer sheath. The filling structure has at least one installation space, and at least one transmission unit is disposed within the installation space.

[0006] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the filling structure accounts for 50% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the composite layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the filling structure includes multiple fillers arranged sequentially along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer. Along the circumference of the composite layer, an installation space is formed between the sidewalls of two adjacent fillers facing each other and / or an installation space is provided on at least one filler.

[0008] Furthermore, at least a portion of the filler is provided with deformation holes, which extend along the length of the filler and are located on the outer periphery of the transmission unit. The deformation holes are either through holes or blind holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission unit includes one of an optical unit, an electrical unit, and a hydraulic conveying unit. A portion of the multiple fillers is a first filler portion, and another portion of the multiple fillers is a second filler portion. The first filler portion is provided with a deformation hole, and both the first filler portion and the second filler portion are provided with a first mounting hole. The first mounting hole forms an installation space. The deformation hole on the first filler portion is located on the outer periphery of the first mounting hole provided on the first filler portion. The side of the first filler portion and the second filler portion facing the pressure-resistant layer is an arc-shaped surface adapted to the pressure-resistant layer. The opening of the first filler portion communicates with the first mounting hole provided on the first filler portion, and the opening of the second filler portion communicates with the first mounting hole provided on the second filler portion.

[0010] Furthermore, the first mounting hole is configured to fit a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit mounted therein.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first filling portion and the second filling portion include a first split and a second split, with one end of the first split and the second split connected. Along the circumference of the composite layer, the sides of the first split and the second split that are away from each other are both arc surfaces. The arc surfaces form the inner wall of the installation space and are configured to fit the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit installed in the corresponding installation space.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple installation spaces, and the composite layer also includes multiple load-bearing components. These load-bearing components are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer, and each installation space contains one load-bearing component.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the two adjacent conveying sections is provided with a terminal joint on one side facing each other. The two terminal joints are connected. The composite cable also includes a protective shell, which is connected between the two corresponding terminal joints and covers the connection position of the two terminal joints.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of this invention, the melting points of at least two pressure-resistant layers decrease sequentially, allowing the composite cable to maintain its structural stability and material properties across different temperature ranges. For example, in deep-sea oil and gas extraction, the temperature at the wellhead area is high, potentially exceeding 100°C, while it gradually decreases with increasing depth. Furthermore, the temperature of the transported material within the central tube gradually decreases as transport progresses. Therefore, by using pressure-resistant layers with higher melting points in high-temperature regions and those with lower melting points in lower-temperature regions, the composite cable can adapt to a wide temperature range from high to low, improving its applicability in complex environments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of the composite cable according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a conveyor section according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0018] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a conveyor section according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a composite layer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown (showing the filling structure, the transmission unit is not shown);

[0020] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a conveyor section according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 6 A partial structural schematic diagram of the conveyor section according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Conveying section; 2. Central tube; 3. Pressure-resistant layer; 4. Composite layer; 5. Electrical unit; 6. Hydraulic unit; 7. Filling structure; 8. Outer protective layer; 9. Installation space; 10. Deformation hole; 11. First filling part; 111. First split part; 112. Second split part; 12. Second filling part; 13. First mounting hole; 14. Load-bearing component; 15. Terminal connector; 16. Protective shell; 161. First Haval-type split part; 162. Second Haval-type split part; 17. First armor layer; 18. Second armor layer; 19. Opening; 20. Connecting edge; 21. 21. Limiting edge; 22. Socket fixing plate; 23. Second mounting hole; 24. First socket; 25. Sealing baffle; 26. Clamp fixing plate; 27. Protective shell; 28. Pipe joint; 29. ​​First seal; 30. Conical sealing ring; 31. Sealing bolt; 32. Clamp; 33. Fixing bolt; 34. Second seal; 35. Locking bolt; 36. Third seal; 37. Waterproof gasket; 38. Locking nut; 39. Radial sealing ring; 40. Discharge pipe; 42. Flange joint; 43. Filler; 44. Electrical connector; 45. Connecting lug. Detailed Implementation

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention provides a composite cable comprising: at least two transport sections 1, all transport sections 1 being connected sequentially along the transport direction, each transport section 1 including a central tube 2, the outer periphery of the central tube 2 being sequentially covered with a pressure-resistant layer 3 and a composite layer 4 from the inside to the outside, the composite layer 4 including a transmission unit and an outer sheath 8 covering the outer periphery of the transmission unit, the transmission unit including at least one of an optical unit, an electrical unit 5 and a hydraulic unit 6, and the melting point of the at least two pressure-resistant layers 3 decreasing sequentially along the transport direction.

[0026] In this embodiment, the central pipe 2 is used to transport mixtures of solid particles such as slurry, ore, and coal with liquids. The central pipe 2 is surrounded by a pressure-resistant layer 3, which withstands the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the central pipe 2. Especially under high-pressure conditions such as deep-sea, high-pressure underwater environments, or oil and gas extraction, it can effectively resist the pressure generated by external high-pressure water or the internal transported fluid, ensuring the structural integrity and safety of the transport section 1. The pressure-resistant layer 3 also protects the internal transmission units from the direct pressure of the external environment.

[0027] Along the transport direction, the melting points of at least two pressure-resistant layers 3 decrease sequentially, allowing the composite cable to maintain its structural stability and material properties across different temperature ranges. For example, in deep-sea oil and gas extraction, the temperature at the wellhead area is high, potentially exceeding 100°C, but gradually decreases with increasing depth. Furthermore, the temperature of the transported material within the central pipe 2 gradually decreases as transport progresses. Therefore, by using a pressure-resistant layer 3 with a higher melting point in high-temperature regions and a pressure-resistant layer 3 with a lower melting point in lower-temperature regions, the composite cable can adapt to a wide temperature range from high to low, improving its applicability in complex environments. Additionally, high-melting-point materials (such as PVDF) are typically expensive, while low-melting-point materials (such as HDPE) are less costly. This application, by using a pressure-resistant layer 3 made of a high-melting-point material in high-temperature regions and a pressure-resistant layer 3 made of a low-melting-point material in other lower-temperature regions, can significantly reduce manufacturing costs without affecting the overall performance of the composite cable.

[0028] In one embodiment, the pressure-resistant layer 3 with a higher melting point is made of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), and the pressure-resistant layer 3 with a lower melting point is made of HDPE (high-density polyethylene).

[0029] In one embodiment, the hydraulic unit is a pipe, the optical unit can be an optical fiber, and the electrical unit can be a cable using existing technology.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 6As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the composite layer 4 further includes a filling structure 7, which is supported between the pressure-resistant layer 3 and the outer protective layer 8. The inner peripheral surface of the filling structure 7 is configured to adapt to the outer peripheral surface of the pressure-resistant layer 3, and the outer peripheral surface of the filling structure 7 is configured to adapt to the inner peripheral surface of the outer protective layer 8. The filling structure 7 has at least one mounting space 9, and at least one transmission unit is disposed in the mounting space 9.

[0031] In this embodiment, the filling structure 7 enhances the radial and axial strength of the composite cable, ensuring good stability and structural integrity when subjected to external pressure or internal fluid pressure. The filling structure 7 is supported between the pressure-resistant layer 3 and the outer sheath 8. Its inner circumferential surface adapts to the outer circumferential surface of the pressure-resistant layer 3, and its outer circumferential surface adapts to the inner circumferential surface of the outer sheath 8. This effectively disperses the force applied to the composite cable, reduces local stress concentration, and improves the compressive and tensile strength of the composite cable. The filling structure 7 has at least one installation space 9 for installing a transmission unit. The transmission unit, installed within the installation space 9, is well physically isolated and protected, preventing direct contact with the external environment.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the filling structure 7 accounts for 50% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the composite layer 4.

[0033] Through the above design, on the one hand, the structural stability and mechanical strength of the composite cable can be significantly improved, reducing the risk of deformation or breakage and ensuring its long-term stable operation in complex environments. On the other hand, the filler structure 7 not only provides support and protection but also ensures that the composite cable has a compact structure without affecting the function of the transmission unit. The high proportion of the filler structure 7 enhances the bending resistance of the composite cable, allowing it to maintain a good shape when bent, preventing damage to the internal transmission unit due to bending, and reducing stress concentration during bending, thus extending its service life.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the filling structure 7 includes a plurality of fillers arranged sequentially along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer 3. Along the circumference of the composite layer 4, an installation space 9 is formed between the sidewalls of two adjacent fillers facing each other and / or at least one filler is provided with an installation space 9.

[0035] In this embodiment, multiple fillers are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer 3, which helps to better disperse external forces and reduce local stress concentration, thereby improving the overall stability and pressure resistance of the composite cable in the high-pressure environment of the deep sea. By forming an installation space 9 between the sidewalls of two adjacent fillers facing each other and / or by providing an installation space 9 on at least one filler, the internal space of the composite cable can be utilized efficiently.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the filler is provided with a deformation hole 10, the deformation hole 10 extends along the length direction of the filler, the deformation hole 10 is located on the outer periphery of the transmission unit, and the deformation hole 10 is a through hole or a blind hole.

[0037] In this embodiment, the deformation hole 10 effectively releases the stress generated by the filler when the composite cable is bent or subjected to force. During deep-sea deployment or retrieval, the composite cable often needs to withstand complex bending and tensile forces. The deformation hole 10, as a stress relief channel, can reduce the rigidity of the filler and increase its flexibility, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the transmission unit and improving the service life of the composite cable. In the deep-sea environment, temperature changes are drastic. The transmission unit inside the composite cable will experience thermal expansion or contraction when the temperature changes. The deformation hole 10 can serve as a thermal expansion compensation mechanism, allowing the filler to undergo minor deformations when the temperature changes without compressing or damaging the transmission unit, thus ensuring the normal operation of the transmission unit under different temperature conditions.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission unit includes one of an optical unit, an electrical unit 5, and a hydraulic conveying unit. A portion of the plurality of fillers is a first filler 11, and another portion of the plurality of fillers is a second filler 12. Both the first filler 11 and the second filler 12 are provided with a first mounting hole 13, which forms a mounting space 9. The deformation hole 10 on the first filler 11 is located on the outer periphery of the first mounting hole 13 on the first filler 11. The side of the first filler 11 and the second filler 12 facing the pressure-resistant layer 3 are both arc-shaped surfaces adapted to the pressure-resistant layer 3. The opening 19 of the first filler 11 communicates with the first mounting hole 13 on the first filler 11, and the opening 19 of the second filler 12 communicates with the first mounting hole 13 on the second filler 12.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first filling part 11 is provided with deformation holes 10. These holes effectively release stress on the composite cable under bending or external force, allowing the first filling part 11 to undergo slight deformation when subjected to pressure. This deformation helps buffer stress and reduce stress concentration, thereby protecting the internal transmission unit and preventing damage when the composite cable is bent or subjected to external pressure. The first mounting hole 13 serves as the installation space 9 for the transmission unit. Furthermore, the first mounting hole 13 on the same first filling part 11 communicates with the opening 19, and the first mounting hole 13 on the same second filling part 12 communicates with the opening 19, facilitating the installation and maintenance of the transmission unit and ensuring precise positioning and adequate protection within the composite cable. The sides of the first filling part 11 and the second filling part 12 facing the pressure-resistant layer 3 are designed with arc-shaped surfaces adapted to the pressure-resistant layer 3, ensuring a tighter contact between the filling part and the pressure-resistant layer 3, thus providing better structural support and enhancing the mechanical strength and pressure resistance of the composite cable. At the same time, the curved surface can reduce stress concentration and prevent localized material failure under high pressure.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sections of the first filling part 11 and the second filling part 12 are both U-shaped, the openings 19 of the first filling part 11 and the second filling part 12 face the side where the outer protective layer 8 is located, and the deformation hole 10 is a through hole or a blind hole.

[0041] In this embodiment, the Z-shaped cross-section, due to its unique shape, provides excellent radial rigidity and compressive strength. The Z-shaped cross-section, through its corners and extended ends, increases the distribution area of ​​the filling section, thereby improving the filling section's ability to resist external and internal fluid pressures, ensuring the composite cable maintains structural stability in the high-pressure environment of the deep sea. The Z-shaped cross-section also allows for more efficient use of the space inside the composite cable.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first mounting hole 13 is configured to fit a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit mounted therein.

[0043] With the above settings, on the one hand, it can be ensured that the transmission unit is accurately installed in the predetermined position of the composite cable, avoiding movement or vibration of the transmission unit inside the composite cable and extending its service life. On the other hand, it can form a good sealing effect to prevent external media such as seawater and oil and gas from entering the transmission unit.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 6As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first filling part 11 and the second filling part 12 each include a first split 111 and a second split 112. One end of the first split 111 and the second split 112 are connected. Along the circumference of the composite layer 4, the sides of the first split 111 and the second split 112 that are away from each other are both arc surfaces. The arc surfaces form the inner wall of the mounting space 9. The arc surfaces are configured to adapt to the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit installed in the corresponding mounting space 9.

[0045] In this embodiment, adjacent first filling portions 11 facing each other can form an installation space 9, adjacent second filling portions 12 facing each other can form an installation space 9, and adjacent first filling portions 11 and second filling portions 12 facing each other can form an installation space 9. The arc-shaped design of the first split body 111 and the second split body 112 allows the transmission unit to be precisely and reliably fixed in the installation space 9. The fit between the arc surface and the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit ensures the stable positioning of the transmission unit. The arc surface of the first split body 111 and the second split body 112 closely fits the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit, forming a high-quality seal to prevent external media such as seawater and oil / gas from penetrating into the interior of the transmission unit, ensuring the reliability and safety of the composite cable in the underwater environment.

[0046] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple installation spaces 9, and the composite layer 4 also includes multiple load-bearing components 14. The multiple load-bearing components 14 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer 3, and a load-bearing component 14 is provided in part of the installation space 9.

[0047] The above configuration enhances the overall structural strength of the composite cable. Multiple load-bearing components 14 are arranged circumferentially along the pressure-resistant layer 3, avoiding structural damage caused by excessive local pressure and improving the compressive strength and structural stability of the composite cable in the high-pressure environment of the deep sea.

[0048] In one embodiment, the load-bearing member 14 is a steel strand.

[0049] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple installation spaces 9, and the composite layer 4 further includes multiple fillers 43. The multiple fillers 43 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer 3, and a filler 43 is provided in a portion of the installation space 9.

[0050] The above-mentioned design can further enhance the overall structural strength of the composite cable.

[0051] In one embodiment, the filler 43 is a round rod structure made of high-density polyethylene.

[0052] See also Figures 1 to 6As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, each of two adjacent conveying sections 1 is provided with a terminal connector 15 on the side facing each other, and the two terminal connectors 15 are connected.

[0053] In this embodiment, the terminal connector 15 allows the composite cable to be modularly constructed from multiple transport segments 1. Transport segments 1 can be flexibly selected and connected according to different seabed operation requirements, such as depth, distance, and environmental conditions. The terminal connector 15 simplifies the maintenance and replacement process of the composite cable. When a transport segment 1 malfunctions or requires repair, the faulty segment can be isolated and replaced by disassembling the terminal connector 15, without needing to replace the entire composite cable, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0054] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the composite cable further includes a protective shell 16, which is connected between two corresponding terminal connectors 15 and covers the connection position of the two terminal connectors 15.

[0055] In this embodiment, the protective shell 16 can provide additional physical protection for the connection part of the terminal connector 15, reducing the risk of damage to the terminal connector 15 due to high pressure, impact, abrasion or erosion by marine organisms in the deep-sea environment.

[0056] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the protective shell 16 includes a first Haval-type split body 161 and a second Haval-type split body 162 that are detachably connected, and both the first Haval-type split body 161 and the second Haval-type split body 162 are detachably connected between two terminal connectors 15.

[0057] In this embodiment, the Haver-style split design allows the protective housing 16 to be easily opened or closed without damaging other parts of the composite cable, greatly simplifying the process of maintaining and repairing the terminal connector 15.

[0058] It should be noted that the protective shell 16 can be opened during underwater maintenance to replace and repair relevant parts.

[0059] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the composite cable further includes a first armor layer 17 and a second armor layer 18 located between the pressure-resistant layer 3 and the composite layer 4. The first armor layer 17 covers the outer periphery of the pressure-resistant layer 3, and the second armor layer 18 covers the outer periphery of the first armor layer 17.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first armor layer 17 and the second armor layer 18 significantly enhance the tensile strength and overall mechanical protection of the composite cable. The first armor layer 17, which covers the outer periphery of the pressure-resistant layer 3, provides additional bending and compressive strength, while the second armor layer 18 further enhances this performance.

[0061] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple transmission units, some of which include optical units and some of which include electrical units 5. The terminal connector 15 includes a connector flange, multiple first sockets 24, a socket fixing plate 22, a protective shell 27, a pipe connector 28, a first sealing element 29, a conical sealing ring 30, a sealing bolt 31, a clamp 32, a fixing bolt 33, a second sealing element 34, a locking bolt 35, a third sealing element 36, a waterproof gasket 37, a locking nut 38, a radial sealing ring 39, a discharge pipe 40, a flange connector 42, a second load-bearing element, a clamp fixing plate 26, and an electrical connector 44.

[0062] The protective shell 27 extends through both ends and is fitted onto the ends of the conveying section 1. One end of the protective shell 27 is sealed to the outer protective layer 8, and the socket fixing plate 22 is sealed to the other end of the protective shell 27. The central tube 2 of the conveying section 1 is nested within one end of the discharge tube 40, and the other end of the discharge tube 40 is connected to the flange joint 42. Two adjacent conveying sections 1 can be connected via the flange joint 42. The ends of the optical unit and electrical unit 5 facing the first socket 24, the end of the discharge tube 40 near the central tube 2, and the end of the central tube 2 near the first socket 24 are located inside the protective shell 27 to achieve sealed protection for the above structure. The end of the protective shell 27 away from the first socket 24 is sealed to the outer wall of the outer protective layer 8, and the socket fixing plate 22 is sealed to the other end of the protective shell 27. Multiple first sockets 24 are sealed and inserted into the socket fixing plate 22. Some of the first sockets 24 are optical sockets, and some are electrical sockets. The ends of the optical units are provided with optical plugs (i.e., optical connectors). The cooperation between the optical plugs and the optical sockets enables the transmission of optical signals. The ends of the electrical units 5 are all provided with electrical connectors 44. The electrical units 5 are electrically connected to the electrical sockets through the electrical connectors 44 to enable the transmission of electrical signals.

[0063] The pipe connector 28 is fixedly sleeved on the central pipe 2. The end of the pipe connector 28 can be locked to the connecting lug 45 of the discharge pipe 40 by fasteners such as self-locking screws. The first sealing member 29 is sandwiched between the connecting lug 45 and the pipe connector 28. Under the locking action of the fasteners such as self-locking screws, the first sealing member 29 seals the gap between the connecting lug 45 and the pipe connector 28, thereby achieving a sealed and waterproof protection for the transmission unit inside the protective shell 27 and preventing seawater from penetrating into the protective shell 27. The sealing baffle 25 is set on the outer periphery of the outer protective layer 8. The end of the protective shell 27 away from the first socket 24 has a connecting edge 20 and an abutment surface. The connecting edge 20 is annular. The conical sealing ring 30 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the outer protective layer 8 and located inside the connecting edge 20. The sealing bolt 31 passes through the sealing baffle 25 and the connecting edge 20, and locks the sealing baffle 25 and the connecting edge 20 together by the sealing bolt 31. Under the locking action of the sealing bolt 31, the conical sealing ring 30 is tightly pressed against the abutment surface to seal the gap between the outer protective layer 8 and the protective shell 27.

[0064] The clamp 32 is fitted onto the outside of the outer protective layer 8 and extends axially along the outer protective layer 8. The clamp fixing plate 26 and the sealing baffle 25 are spaced apart axially along the outer protective layer 8. The clamp 32 is clamped between the sealing baffle 25 and the clamp fixing plate 26. The clamp fixing plate 26 and the limiting edge 21 are locked together by fixing bolts 33. Under the locking action of the fixing bolts 33, the clamp 32 is tightly pressed against the sealing baffle 25. A lug protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 27 near the socket fixing plate 22. The socket fixing plate 22 and the lug can be fixedly connected by multiple bolts. The second sealing member 34 is clamped between the lug and the socket fixing plate 22. Under the locking action of the multiple bolts, the second sealing member 34 seals the gap between the socket fixing plate 22 and the protective shell 27.

[0065] A socket fixing plate 22 is fitted onto the discharge pipe 40. A locking bolt 35 passes through the socket fixing plate 22 and is used to lock the socket fixing plate 22 to the connecting lug 45 on the discharge pipe 40. A third sealing element 36 is used to seal the gap between the socket fixing plate 22 and the connecting lug 45. The socket fixing plate 22 is provided with multiple second mounting holes 23. A first socket 24 passes through each second mounting hole 23. A waterproof gasket 37 and a locking nut 38 are respectively fitted onto the first socket 24. The socket fixing plate 22 is sandwiched between the waterproof gasket 37 and the locking nut 38. As the locking nut 38 is screwed in, the first socket 24 is locked to the socket fixing plate 22. The waterproof gasket 37 is fixedly sleeved on the first socket 24 and located on the outside of the socket fixing plate 22. The locking nut 38 is slidably sleeved on the first socket 24 and located on the inside of the socket fixing plate 22. The waterproof gasket 37 is locked to the outer side of the socket fixing plate 22 by the locking nut 38, so as to firmly fix the first socket 24 on the socket fixing plate 22 and effectively ensure the stability of the connection between the first socket 24 and the socket fixing plate 22.

[0066] Meanwhile, the waterproof gasket 37 provides axial sealing and waterproof protection for the first socket 24. The wall of the second mounting hole 23 is provided with a radial sealing ring 39 to seal the gap between the walls of the first socket 24 and the second mounting hole 23. The outer wall of the radial sealing ring 39 is circumferentially fixed to the wall of the second mounting hole 23. The first socket 24 passes through the radial sealing ring 39, thereby providing radial sealing and waterproof protection for the first socket 24 and preventing seawater from seeping into the protective shell 27 from the gap between the walls of the first socket 24 and the second mounting hole 23.

[0067] It should be noted that the first socket 24 mentioned above can also be a photoelectric socket. Between two adjacent conveying sections, the photoelectric sockets on the two socket fixing plates 22 can be connected by photoelectric unit lines. The two ends of the photoelectric unit lines are respectively made into photoelectric plugs, which are respectively connected to the photoelectric sockets on the two socket fixing plates 22.

[0068] In one embodiment, the electrical unit can also be connected in the form of a flexible connector. An identical electrical unit is used, with the middle copper conductor connected to the copper conductor of the electrical unit in the composite cable by welding, and the outer sheath is bonded to the sheath of the composite cable by heat fusion. Similarly, the optical unit can also be made into a flexible connector by heat fusion.

[0069] In one embodiment, the first sealing element 29 is a rubber O-ring, a polyurethane sealing ring, or a mechanical sealing ring; the second sealing element 34 is a rubber O-ring, a polyurethane sealing ring, or a mechanical sealing ring; the third sealing element 36 is a rubber O-ring or a polyurethane sealing ring; the radial sealing ring 39 can be an O-ring; and the clamp 32 is a jacket.

[0070] In one embodiment, the first armor layer 17 and the second armor layer 18 are connected to the pipe fitting 28 by potting adhesive.

[0071] In one embodiment, a second socket is also provided on the socket fixing plate 22. The second socket is a hydraulic socket, and the hydraulic unit 6 is integrated on both end panels through the socket, with a flexible hose in the middle and both ends made into the form of hydraulic plugs. A section of the same steel pipe is used for the hydraulic unit steel pipe and connected to the hydraulic steel pipes at both ends respectively. By integrating the electrical socket and the hydraulic socket, power and hydraulic transmission are realized.

[0072] In one embodiment, the hydraulic unit can be connected via a jumper wire. Jumper wire connection is a flexible connection method. Specifically, for the hydraulic unit, a flexible hose with hydraulic plugs at both ends can be used as a jumper wire. The two ends of the hose are connected to hydraulic sockets on the socket mounting plate, thus establishing a transmission channel for hydraulic signals.

[0073] In one embodiment, the hydraulic unit is a steel pipe, and the socket fixing plate is provided with a steel pipe. The hydraulic unit of the transmission unit can be directly welded to the steel pipe on the socket fixing plate to form a continuous hydraulic channel.

[0074] In one embodiment, there are two conveying sections. The pressure-resistant layer of one conveying section is made of PVDF, and the pressure-resistant layer of the other conveying section is made of HDPE. At the high temperature of the oil and gas inlet, a conveying section with a pressure-resistant layer made of PVDF is used. After the oil and gas cools down during transportation, the two conveying sections are connected by a terminal joint, and a conveying section with a pressure-resistant layer made of HDPE is used.

[0075] It should be noted that the central tube can be connected via flanges or snap rings to create a flow-through cross-section and flow channel of equal diameter. The sealing method in this application is not limited to O-rings, gaskets, or tapered rings. Flange connections are not limited to welding; threaded connections and snap ring connections can be used. The clamps are not limited to those shown in the figures; bend limiters can be used instead. External forces at the terminal end should be prevented from affecting bending deformation. Photoelectric sockets, electrical connectors, hydraulic sockets, and hydraulic connectors are not limited to dry structures.

[0076] In one embodiment, the photoelectric socket adopts a dry photoelectric socket, which significantly reduces costs compared to traditional underwater wet plugging and unplugging, thus achieving cost reduction.

[0077] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: the melting points of at least two pressure-resistant layers decrease sequentially, allowing the composite cable to maintain its structural stability and material properties within different temperature ranges. For example, in deep-sea oil and gas extraction, the temperature in the wellhead area is high, potentially exceeding 100°C, while it gradually decreases with increasing depth. Furthermore, the temperature of the transported material inside the central tube gradually decreases as transport progresses. Therefore, by using a pressure-resistant layer with a higher melting point in high-temperature regions and a pressure-resistant layer with a lower melting point in low-temperature regions, the composite cable can adapt to a wide temperature range from high to low, improving its applicability in complex environments.

[0078] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite cable, characterized in that, include: At least two conveying sections (1) are connected sequentially along the conveying direction. Each conveying section (1) includes a central tube (2). The outer periphery of the central tube (2) is covered with a pressure-resistant layer (3) and a composite layer (4) from the inside to the outside. The composite layer (4) includes a transmission unit and an outer protective layer (8) covering the outer periphery of the transmission unit. The transmission unit includes at least one of an optical unit, an electrical unit (5), and a hydraulic unit (6). Along the conveying direction, as the conveying depth increases, the temperature of the conveyed material in the central tube (2) gradually decreases. The melting points of the at least two pressure-resistant layers (3) decrease sequentially. The pressure-resistant layer (3) with the high melting point is made of polyvinylidene fluoride, and the pressure-resistant layer (3) with the low melting point is made of high-density polyethylene.

2. The composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite layer (4) further includes a filling structure (7) which is supported between the pressure-resistant layer (3) and the outer protective layer (8). The inner circumferential surface of the filling structure (7) is configured to fit the outer circumferential surface of the pressure-resistant layer (3), and the outer circumferential surface of the filling structure (7) is configured to fit the inner circumferential surface of the outer protective layer (8). The filling structure (7) has at least one mounting space (9), and at least one of the transmission units is disposed in the mounting space (9).

3. The composite cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the filling structure (7) accounts for 50% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the composite layer (4).

4. The composite cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filling structure (7) includes a plurality of fillers arranged sequentially along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer (3). Along the circumference of the composite layer (4), the mounting space (9) is formed between the sidewalls of two adjacent fillers facing each other and / or the mounting space (9) is provided on at least one filler.

5. The composite cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least a portion of the filler is provided with a deformation hole (10), the deformation hole (10) extends along the length direction of the filler, the deformation hole (10) is located on the outer periphery of the transmission unit, and the deformation hole (10) is a through hole or a blind hole.

6. The composite cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission unit includes one of an optical unit, an electrical unit (5), and a hydraulic conveying unit. One part of the plurality of fillers is a first filler (11), and another part of the plurality of fillers is a second filler (12). The first filler (11) is provided with the deformation hole (10). The first filler (11) and the second filler (12) are each provided with a first mounting hole (13). The first mounting hole (13) forms the mounting space (9). The deformation hole (10) on the first filler (11) is located on the outer periphery of the first mounting hole (13) provided on the first filler (11). The side of the first filler (11) and the second filler (12) facing the pressure-resistant layer (3) are both arc-shaped surfaces adapted to the pressure-resistant layer (3). The opening of the first filler (11) communicates with the first mounting hole (13) provided on the first filler (11), and the opening (19) of the second filler (12) communicates with the first mounting hole (13) provided on the second filler (12).

7. The composite cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first mounting hole (13) is configured to fit a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit mounted therein.

8. The composite cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first filling portion (11) and the second filling portion (12) include a first split (111) and a second split (112). One end of the first split (111) and the second split (112) are connected. Along the circumference of the composite layer (4), the side of the first split (111) and the second split (112) facing away from each other is an arc surface. The arc surface forms the inner wall of the mounting space (9). The arc surface is configured to fit the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the transmission unit installed in the corresponding mounting space (9).

9. The composite cable according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, The installation space (9) is multiple, and the composite layer (4) also includes multiple load-bearing components (14). The multiple load-bearing components (14) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure-resistant layer (3), and one load-bearing component (14) is provided in part of the installation space (9).

10. The composite cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each of the two adjacent conveying sections (1) is provided with a terminal connector (15) on one side facing each other. The two terminal connectors (15) are connected. The composite cable also includes a protective shell (16). The protective shell (16) is connected between the two correspondingly connected terminal connectors (15). The protective shell (16) covers the connection position of the two terminal connectors (15).

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