Spherical cap body clamping device and machining method based on the clamping device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of part clamping and relates to a spherical crown body clamping device and a machining method based on the clamping device, which comprises a base and a clamping assembly; the base is in the shape of a whole ring; a spherical crown workpiece to be clamped is embedded in the base along the axial direction of the base; and the clamping assembly is arranged on the base and extrudes the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece to be clamped. The application provides a spherical crown body clamping device and a machining method based on the clamping device, which can realize narrow clamping, self-adaptive clamping and adjustable clamping force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of parts clamping technology, and relates to a clamping device and processing method, particularly to a spherical crown clamping device and a processing method based on the clamping device. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical cap-shaped workpieces require micron-level three-dimensional positioning and clamping to meet their precise machining requirements. During clamping, the positioning and clamping process requires minimal workpiece space, allowing for simultaneous machining of both inner and outer surfaces. This eliminates deviations introduced by secondary positioning and clamping, resulting in better positional accuracy for both inner and outer surfaces. Furthermore, to improve adjustment efficiency, the three-dimensional adjustments are visible, and qualitative and quantitative adjustments significantly enhance work efficiency. Typically, only one side of the workpiece needs to be machined, or the other side can be machined through secondary positioning. For example, the invention patent with authorization announcement number CN112917205 discloses an array-type internal support fixture and flexible clamping method for large spherical cap-shaped thin-walled parts. This method uses the inner or outer surface of the spherical cap for positioning and clamping, making it difficult to guarantee simultaneous inner and outer surface machining. Additionally, this fixture occupies a large workpiece area during clamping and positioning, making it unsuitable for scenarios requiring a large machining area. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the background art, the present invention provides a spherical cap clamping device that can realize narrow clamping, adaptive clamping and adjustable clamping force, and a processing method based on the clamping device.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A spherical crown clamping device includes a base and a clamping assembly; the base is generally annular; the spherical crown workpiece to be clamped is embedded in the base along the axial direction of the base; the clamping assembly is disposed on the base and presses the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece to be clamped.

[0006] The clamping components mentioned above are one or more sets. When there are multiple sets of clamping components, the multiple sets of clamping components are evenly distributed on the base.

[0007] The clamping assembly includes a clamping slider, a clamping force adjusting nut, a clamping block, and a demolding cam. The clamping block is generally arc-shaped. The clamping block is placed on the base along the circumference of the base. A clamping slider is provided at the bottom of the clamping block. A sliding groove is provided on the upper surface of the base along the radial direction of the base. The clamping slider is placed in the sliding groove and moves freely along the axial direction of the sliding groove. The clamping force adjusting nut extends from the outside of the base into the sliding groove along the radial direction of the base and presses against the clamping slider. A cam working through hole is provided on the clamping block along the thickness direction of the clamping block. The demolding cam extends from the cam working through hole and is embedded in the upper surface of the base. The demolding cam rotates about the axial direction of the demolding cam. When the demolding cam rotates, it drives the clamping block to move radially along the base through the cam working through hole and drives the clamping block to press against the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece to be clamped.

[0008] The clamping assembly further includes a guide member; the guide member includes a guide post; the guide post is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the base along the axial direction of the base; a guide groove is provided on the clamping block along the radial direction of the clamping block; the guide groove is generally in the shape of an oblong hole; the inner diameter of the guide groove is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide post; the guide post is placed in the guide groove.

[0009] The clamping assembly further includes a compression spring placed between the clamping force adjusting nut and the clamping slider; preferably, the clamping block is provided with clamping teeth at the end facing the outer surface of the workpiece to be clamped, and there are multiple clamping teeth, the material of the clamping teeth being rubber or plastic; preferably, the ends of the clamping teeth are linear.

[0010] The aforementioned spherical crown clamping device also includes a position fine-tuning component that is mounted on the base and presses against the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece to be clamped.

[0011] The aforementioned position fine-tuning components are one or more sets. When there are multiple sets of position fine-tuning components, the clamping component is placed between the multiple sets of position fine-tuning components; the position fine-tuning components are evenly distributed on the base.

[0012] The aforementioned position fine-tuning component includes a micrometer clamping block, a screw, and a micrometer; a radial through hole is provided on the base along the radial direction of the base; the micrometer passes through the radial through hole and presses against the outer surface of the workpiece to be clamped; the micrometer clamping block is placed on the upper surface of the base and pressed onto the micrometer by the screw.

[0013] The aforementioned spherical crown clamping device further includes a workpiece limiting component, which comprises an adjusting nut and a workpiece positioning ring. The adjusting nut is ring-shaped. The adjusting nut and the workpiece positioning ring are coaxial and form an integral structure. A compression spring is provided between the adjusting nut and the workpiece positioning ring. The outer diameter of the workpiece positioning ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the base. The integral structure formed by the adjusting nut and the workpiece positioning ring extends into the base along the axial direction. The outer wall of the adjusting nut is provided with an external thread. The inner wall of the base is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread. The adjusting nut is connected to the base via the thread. A countersunk groove is provided on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning ring. The spherical crown workpiece to be clamped extends into the countersunk groove on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning ring along the axial direction of the base. Preferably, the width of the countersunk groove is greater than the thickness of the spherical crown workpiece to be clamped.

[0014] The lower surface of the adjusting nut and the lower surface of the base are both marked with graduations.

[0015] A method for machining a spherical crown workpiece based on a spherical crown clamping device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] 1) Place the workpiece to be clamped in the spherical crown clamping device and clamp the workpiece using the spherical crown clamping device;

[0017] 2) The spherical crown clamping device obtained in step 1) is detachably mounted on the cradle-type turntable;

[0018] 3) Introduce the same laser source and split the laser source into an inner laser that acts on the inner surface of the workpiece to be clamped and an outer laser that acts on the outer surface of the workpiece to be clamped.

[0019] 4) Rotate the cradle-type turntable and use the inner and outer lasers to process the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical crown workpiece to be clamped simultaneously.

[0020] The advantages of this invention are:

[0021] This invention provides a spherical crown clamping device and a processing method based on the clamping device. The spherical crown clamping device includes a base and a clamping assembly. The base is generally annular. The spherical crown workpiece to be clamped is embedded in the base along its axial direction. The clamping assembly is disposed on the base and presses against the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece. This invention enables micron-level adjustment of the spherical crown workpiece in the XYZ directions, with the adjustment amount being visible. Simultaneously, the clamping occupies little space on the workpiece, and simultaneous processing of the inner and outer surfaces can be achieved in a single clamping operation. Furthermore, the spherical crown clamping device provided by this invention can adaptively clamp the spherical crown workpiece, with adjustable clamping pressure. The required clamping force can be adjusted according to needs, exhibiting good stability and facilitating practical engineering applications. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view of the spherical crown clamping device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the spherical cap clamping device provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the spherical crown clamping device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the structure of the spherical crown clamping device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams showing the simultaneous machining of the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical crown based on the spherical crown clamping device provided by the present invention.

[0027] in:

[0028] 1-Base; 2-Workpiece positioning ring; 3-Adjusting nut; 4-Clamping slider; 5-Clamping force adjusting nut; 6-Micrometer head clamping block; 7-Clamping block; 9-Screw; 10-Micrometer head; 11-Compression spring; 12-Guide component; 13-Compression spring; 14-Demolding cam; 15-Workpiece to be clamped. Detailed Implementation

[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 This invention provides a spherical crown clamping device, including a base 1 and a clamping assembly; the base 1 is generally annular; the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped is embedded in the base 1 along the axial direction of the base 1; the clamping assembly is disposed on the base 1 and presses against the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped. See also... Figure 3 The spherical crown clamping device provided by this invention features a hollow design on the inner surface; this clamping method only occupies the outer surface space of the workpiece, and can realize the simultaneous processing of the inner and outer surfaces, as well as the processing of the inner and outer surfaces in one clamping, thereby eliminating the error introduced by the secondary clamping and effectively improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0030] See Figure 2 The clamping components are one or more sets. When there are multiple sets of clamping components, the multiple sets of clamping components are evenly distributed on the base 1. For example, see [link to example]. Figure 1 as well as Figure 2This invention employs four sets of clamping components to jointly hold the spherical crown workpiece 15. Alternatively, only one set of clamping components can be used, where the workpiece 15 is directly pressed against the inner surface of the annular base 1, thus achieving clamping. In practical use, the number of clamping components can be selected according to actual needs, typically three sets (in a triangular shape) or four sets (in a cross shape), with multiple sets of clamping components working together to hold the spherical crown workpiece 15.

[0031] For example, see Figure 2 The clamping assembly includes a clamping slider 4, a clamping force adjusting nut 5, a clamping block 7, and a demolding cam 14. The clamping block 7 is generally arc-shaped. The clamping block 7 is placed on the base 1 along the circumference of the base 1. The clamping slider 4 is provided at the bottom of the clamping block 7. A sliding groove is provided on the upper surface of the base 1 along the radial direction of the base 1. The clamping slider 4 is placed in the sliding groove and moves freely along the axial direction of the sliding groove. The clamping force adjusting nut 5 extends from the outside of the base 1 into the sliding groove along the radial direction of the base 1 and presses against the clamping slider 4. A cam working through hole is provided on the clamping block 7 along the thickness direction of the clamping block 7. The demolding cam 14 extends from the cam working through hole and is embedded in the upper surface of the base 1. The demolding cam 14 rotates around the axial direction of the demolding cam 14. When the demolding cam 14 rotates, it drives the clamping block 7 to move radially along the base 1 through the cam working through hole and drives the clamping block 7 to press against the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the clamping block 7 moves radially along the base 1 and thus clamps the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped, the clamping assembly used in this invention also includes a guide member 12; the guide member 12 includes a guide post; the guide post is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the base 1 along the axial direction of the base 1; a guide groove is provided on the clamping block 7 along the radial direction of the clamping block 7; the guide groove is generally in the shape of an oblong hole; the inner diameter of the guide groove is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide post; the guide post is placed in the guide groove.

[0032] To further adjust the preload on the clamping slider 4, the clamping assembly also includes a compression spring 13 placed between the clamping force adjusting nut 5 and the clamping slider 4; preferably, the clamping block 7 is provided with clamping teeth at the end facing the outer surface of the workpiece 15 to be clamped, and there are multiple clamping teeth, the material of the clamping teeth is rubber or plastic; preferably, the ends of the clamping teeth are linear.

[0033] Please continue reading Figure 2In use, the compression spring 13 and the clamping slider 4 are installed into the base 1 by adjusting the clamping force nut 5. The clamping block 7 is installed in the corresponding slot. The guide 12 and the demolding cam 14 are installed on the base 1. The preload of the compression spring 13 is adjusted by the torque wrench to make its clamping force reach the required requirements (that is, by adjusting the preload of 13, the magnitude of the force of the clamping block 7 against the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed can be adjusted). The demolding cam 14 is rotated to make the clamping block 7 reach the position with the largest opening (the demolding cam 14 is used to adjust the radial relative position of the clamping block 7 on the base 1. The abutting end of the clamping block 7 has a toothed structure and is made of flexible material, such as rubber or plastic. The toothed structure is used to solve the problem of insufficient abutment caused by local unevenness of the workpiece surface).

[0034] Since multiple clamping assemblies are arranged along the upper surface of the base 1 and can move freely in the radial direction of the base 1, and since the clamping teeth at the end of the clamping block 7 are linear, it can ensure that the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed is squeezed on the same plane, the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed can be moved or its position adjusted in the XY direction on a plane parallel to the base 1, i.e., coarse adjustment.

[0035] In order to fine-tune the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed in the XY direction as described above, the spherical crown clamping device provided by the present invention further includes a position fine-tuning component disposed on the base 1 and pressing against the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped. See also Figure 2 For example, the position fine-tuning components are one or more sets. When there are multiple sets of position fine-tuning components, the clamping components are placed between the multiple sets of position fine-tuning components; the position fine-tuning components are evenly distributed on the base 1. The position fine-tuning components include a micrometer clamping block 6, a screw 9, and a micrometer 10; a radial through hole is provided on the base 1 along the radial direction of the base 1; the micrometer 10 passes through the radial through hole and presses the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped; the micrometer clamping block 6 is placed on the upper surface of the base 1 and pressed onto the micrometer 10 by the screw 9. In use, the micrometer clamping block 6 and the micrometer 10 are detachably fixed to the base 1 with the screw 9; the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed is inserted into the base 1 along the radial direction of the base 1, the demolding cam 14 is rotated to make the clamping block 7 press the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed, and then the micrometer 10 can be rotated to fine-tune the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed in the XY direction as described above. Obviously, by simultaneously using the clamping assembly (coarse adjustment) and the fine adjustment assembly (fine adjustment), the orientation of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be processed can be effectively ensured in the XY plane. This not only effectively reduces the space required, but also enables clamping and releasing functions within a few millimeters of space, reducing the impact of clamping on the workpiece processing area, thereby meeting its processing accuracy and processing requirements in the XY direction.

[0036] See Figure 2The spherical crown clamping device also includes a workpiece limiting component, which includes an adjusting nut 3 and a workpiece positioning ring 2. The adjusting nut 3 is ring-shaped. The adjusting nut 3 and the workpiece positioning ring 2 are coaxial and form an integral structure. A compression spring 11 is provided between the adjusting nut 3 and the workpiece positioning ring 2. The outer diameter of the workpiece positioning ring 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the base 1. The integral structure formed by the adjusting nut 3 and the workpiece positioning ring 2 extends into the base 1 along the axial direction of the base 1. The outer wall of the adjusting nut 3 is provided with an external thread. The inner wall of the base 1 is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread. The adjusting nut 3 is connected to the base 1 by the thread. A groove is provided on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning ring 2. The spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped extends into the groove on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning ring 2 along the axial direction of the base 1. Preferably, the width of the groove is greater than the thickness of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped. A compression spring 11 is inserted into the workpiece positioning ring 2. The outer wall of the adjusting nut 3 and the inner wall of the base 1 are provided with matching threads. The workpiece positioning ring 2 is pressed into the base 1 by adjusting the adjusting nut 3. The axial position of the workpiece positioning ring 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw depth of the adjusting nut 3. A steel ring is mounted on the upper end of the compression spring 11, and a lubrication groove is machined on the adjusting nut 3. The compression spring 11 can slide freely in the lubrication groove, reducing the friction between the workpiece positioning ring 2 and the contacting parts, making the radial adjustment of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped more convenient. Clearly, by moving the workpiece limiting assembly axially in the base 1, the Z-axis adjustment or regulation of the spherical crown workpiece 15 to be clamped can be achieved. See also... Figure 4 The spherical crown clamping device provided by the present invention has scales on the lower surface of the adjusting nut 3 and the lower surface of the base 1. The amount of adjustment in the axial direction can be observed through the scales, thereby achieving precise adjustment in the Z direction.

[0037] See Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The present invention provides a spherical crown clamping device that, after clamping the spherical crown workpiece 15, can simultaneously perform laser processing on the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece 15. Specifically, in use, the spherical crown clamping device is detachably mounted on a cradle-type turntable. On the machine tool, the same laser source is split into two sets of opposing laser sources (which can reduce processing differences caused by different lasers). By rotating the turntable (the turntable's accuracy is much higher than the machine tool's accuracy), simultaneous processing of both the inner and outer surfaces of the crown can be achieved.

Claims

1. A spherical cap clamping device, characterized in that: The spherical crown clamping device includes a base (1) and a clamping assembly; the base (1) is generally in the shape of a ring; the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped is embedded in the base (1) along the axial direction of the base (1); The clamping assembly is set on the base (1) and presses the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped; the clamping assembly drives the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped to be adjusted at the micrometer level along the XYZ three directions of the base (1); The clamping assembly consists of multiple sets, which are evenly distributed on the base (1). The clamping assembly includes a clamping slider (4), a clamping force adjusting nut (5), a clamping block (7), and a demolding cam (14). The clamping block (7) is generally arc-shaped. The clamping block (7) is placed on the base (1) circumferentially. The bottom of the clamping block (7) is provided with a clamping slider (4). The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a sliding groove along the radial direction of the base (1). The clamping slider (4) is placed in the sliding groove and moves freely along the axial direction of the sliding groove. The clamping force adjusting nut (5) is... The cam extends radially from the outside of the base (1) into the sliding groove and presses against the clamping slider (4); the clamping block (7) is provided with a cam working through hole along the thickness direction of the clamping block (7); the demolding cam (14) extends from the cam working through hole and is embedded in the upper surface of the base (1); the demolding cam (14) rotates around the axial direction of the demolding cam (14); when the demolding cam (14) rotates, it drives the clamping block (7) to move radially along the base (1) through the cam working through hole and drives the clamping block (7) to press against the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped; The spherical crown clamping device also includes a workpiece limiting component, which includes an adjusting nut (3) and a workpiece positioning ring (2).

2. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly further includes a guide member (12); the guide member (12) includes a guide post; the guide post is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the base (1) along the axial direction of the base (1); a guide groove is provided on the clamping block (7) along the radial direction of the clamping block (7); the guide groove is generally in the shape of an oblong hole; the inner diameter of the guide groove is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide post; the guide post is placed in the guide groove.

3. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping assembly also includes a compression spring (13) placed between the clamping force adjusting nut (5) and the clamping slider (4).

4. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping block (7) has clamping teeth at its end facing the outer surface of the workpiece (15) to be clamped. There are multiple clamping teeth, and the material of the clamping teeth is rubber or plastic.

5. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ends of the clamping teeth are linear.

6. The spherical cap clamping device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The spherical crown clamping device also includes a position fine-tuning component that is set on the base (1) and presses the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped.

7. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The position fine-tuning components are in multiple sets, and the clamping components are placed between the multiple sets of position fine-tuning components; the position fine-tuning components are evenly distributed on the base (1).

8. The spherical crown clamping device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The position fine-tuning component includes a micrometer clamping block (6), a screw (9), and a micrometer (10); a radial through hole is provided on the base (1) along the radial direction of the base (1); the micrometer (10) passes through the radial through hole and presses the outer surface of the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped; the micrometer clamping block (6) is placed on the upper surface of the base (1) and pressed onto the micrometer (10) by the screw (9).

9. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjusting nut (3) is ring-shaped; the adjusting nut (3) is coaxial with the workpiece positioning ring (2) and forms an integral structure; a compression spring (11) is provided between the adjusting nut (3) and the workpiece positioning ring (2); the outer diameter of the workpiece positioning ring (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the base (1); the integral structure formed by the adjusting nut (3) and the workpiece positioning ring (2) extends into the base (1) along the axial direction of the base (1); the outer wall of the adjusting nut (3) is provided with an external thread; the inner wall of the base (1) is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread; the adjusting nut (3) is connected to the base (1) by the thread; a groove is provided on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning ring (2); the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped extends into the groove on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning ring (2) along the axial direction of the base (1).

10. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The width of the sink is greater than the thickness of the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped.

11. The spherical cap clamping device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The lower surface of the adjusting nut (3) and the lower surface of the base (1) are both provided with scales.

12. A method for simultaneously processing the inner and outer surfaces of a spherical cap using the spherical cap clamping device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that: The processing method includes the following steps: 1) Place the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped in the spherical crown clamping device according to any one of claims 1-11 and clamp the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped by the spherical crown clamping device; 2) The spherical crown clamping device obtained in step 1) is detachably mounted on the cradle-type turntable; 3) Introduce the same laser source and split the laser source into an inner laser that acts on the inner surface of the workpiece (15) to be clamped and an outer laser that acts on the outer surface of the workpiece (15) to be clamped. 4) Rotate the cradle turntable and use the inner and outer lasers to process the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical crown workpiece (15) to be clamped.

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