Arch bridge arch rib tie rod cable pipe positioning system and positioning method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to an arch bridge arch rib tie rod cable pipe positioning system and a positioning method. The positioning system comprises a receiving point projection device, a prism is arranged on the receiving point projection device, the prism is used for positioning the elevation position of the top opening center of the arch rib tie rod cable pipe; a horizontal positioning assembly is used for positioning the plane posture of the arch rib tie rod cable pipe; a laser range finder, the center of which is located at the bottom opening anchoring point of the beam system cable pipe, can measure the elevation value of the top opening center of the arch rib tie rod cable pipe, and the bottom opening anchoring point of the beam system cable pipe is vertically projected onto the horizontal positioning assembly. The application takes the anchoring point of the beam system cable pipe as the reference, first performs the elevation positioning of the to-be-installed tie rod cable pipe, and then performs the plane positioning of the to-be-installed tie rod cable pipe, solves the problem of precise matching positioning of the arch rib tie rod cable pipe and the beam system cable pipe in a narrow high-altitude environment, improves the measurement precision, fully utilizes the measurement device to first perform coarse positioning and then perform precise matching, and greatly improves the measurement efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically to a positioning system and method for the tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge arch rib. Background Technology

[0002] For long-span arch bridges on high-speed railways, to ensure the alignment accuracy of the main girder, a construction method is generally adopted: constructing the main girder first, and then installing the arch ribs on the support frame. That is, after the main girder is formed, an arch rib assembly support is erected on the main girder, and the arch ribs are assembled segment by segment, the arch rib tie rods are positioned, the arch ribs are closed, and the tie rods are installed. The tie rods are anchored between the tie rods in the girder system and the tie rods in the arch rib system, and are a crucial load-bearing structure of long-span arch bridges. After the girder is formed, the position of the tie rods in the girder system is fixed, and the position of the tie rods in the arch ribs can only be precisely matched and positioned based on the corresponding positions of the tie rods in the girder system to ensure the load-bearing stability, reliability, and durability of the tie rods. The tie rods in the arch ribs are processed as a whole with the arch rib segments, and each arch rib segment generally has multiple tie rods located at high altitudes. Due to the influence of construction facilities and weather conditions, matching and positioning the tie rods in the main girder and the tie rods in the arch ribs is difficult.

[0003] In related technologies, the precise matching and positioning measurement of the arch rib tie cable tube and the beam system tie cable tube of the arch bridge generally adopts the differential three-dimensional coordinate measurement method of the total station with multiple stations. The total station is set up at the known control points on the ground, and the prism rod and prism are set up at the center of the arch rib tie cable tube with the help of measuring tools to measure the differential three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the arch rib tie cable tube of the arch bridge at a long distance and large inclination angle.

[0004] However, due to the influence of construction facilities and difficulties in high-altitude visibility, the centers of multiple arch rib tie rods and cable tubes may not be fully visible to a single control point. This necessitates multiple measurements using total stations at various control points. Furthermore, differential elevation measurements suffer from significant errors due to atmospheric refraction, sometimes requiring the use of leveling methods. Additionally, in the multi-station differential three-dimensional coordinate measurement method, the relationship between the beam tie rod and cable tube centers is established through indirect coordinate measurements, resulting in large cumulative errors. Therefore, addressing the shortcomings of long-distance, large-angle, multi-station differential three-dimensional coordinate measurements—namely, large cumulative errors, complex procedures, and low efficiency—has become a pressing problem for industry professionals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In related technologies, the precise matching and positioning of the arch rib tie rod tubes and beam system tie rod tubes in arch bridges suffers from large product errors, complex procedures, and low efficiency.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a positioning system for the tie rod tube of an arch bridge arch rib, comprising: A receiving and projecting device is installed inside the arch rib tie rod cable tube. The receiving and projecting device is equipped with a prism, which is used to locate the elevation position of the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod cable tube. A horizontal positioning component is used to be installed on the receiving and projecting device, and the horizontal positioning component is used to position the planar orientation of the arch rib tie rod cable tube; A laser rangefinder is detachably installed inside the beam system cable tube. The center of the laser rangefinder is located at the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube. The laser rangefinder can measure the elevation value of the top center of the arch rib cable tube through the prism and vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube onto the horizontal positioning component.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the horizontal positioning component includes: A transparent grid sheet is detachably installed in the receiving and projecting device, and one center line of the transparent grid sheet is aligned with the longitudinal center line of the anchor plate of the arch rib tie rod cable tube. A convex lens, which is detachably mounted in the receiving and projection device, is used to focus the laser projected by the laser rangefinder onto the transparent grid.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the receiving and dotting device includes: The first sleeve is used to be embedded in the arch rib tie rod cable tube. The first sleeve has the prism at one end and the first sleeve has an installation groove for inserting the transparent grid sheet. A support cylinder is installed at the end of the first sleeve away from the prism, and the convex lens is detachably installed inside the support cylinder.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, a tray is provided on the outer side of the first sleeve, the mounting groove is provided on the inner side of the tray, a marking line is provided on the tray, the tray is used to be embedded in the anchor plate, and the marking line is aligned with the longitudinal center line of the anchor plate.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the top of the first sleeve is provided with a bracket, and the bracket is provided with a coordinate positioning part.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, it further includes: a laser emission dot-projection device, which includes: The second sleeve has a centering plate at its bottom, on which the laser rangefinder is supported; A magnetic ring, which is connected to the centering plate, is used to adhere to the anchor plate of the beam system cable tube.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the centering disc is provided with a micrometer adjustment component, which is used to adjust the orientation of the centering disc to change the projection direction of the laser rangefinder.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a positioning method using the positioning system of the aforementioned arch bridge arch rib tie rod cable tube, comprising: The receiving and projection device and the laser rangefinder are installed in the arch rib tie cable tube and the beam system tie cable tube, respectively. The arch rib segment to be installed is roughly positioned so that the arch rib tie cable tube and the beam system tie cable tube form a vertical line of sight. A laser rangefinder is used to aim at the prism to measure the actual arch rib elevation value at the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod tube, and the elevation of the arch rib segment is adjusted according to the actual arch rib elevation value. The horizontal positioning component is installed in the receiving and projection device, and the laser rangefinder is used to vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube onto the horizontal positioning component to form a vertical projection point. The planar deviation and design pre-deviation value of the arch rib tie rod tube are obtained based on the vertical projection point on the horizontal positioning component, and the planar position of the arch rib segment is adjusted based on the planar deviation and design pre-deviation value.

[0014] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the coarse positioning of the arch rib segment to be installed includes: The coordinate positioning unit is used to obtain the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod cable tube; The arch rib segments are adjusted based on the deviation between the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the top center of the arch rib tie rod cable tube and the theoretical three-dimensional coordinates until the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates meet the preset requirements.

[0015] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the step of installing the horizontal positioning component in the receiving and projecting device, and using a laser rangefinder to vertically project the anchorage point at the bottom of the beam system cable tube onto the horizontal positioning component to form a vertical projection point, includes: Insert the transparent grid and convex lens into the receiving and projecting device, and align one center line of the transparent grid with the marking line on the tray of the receiving and projecting device. A laser rangefinder is used to vertically project the anchor point at the bottom of the beam system cable tube onto the convex lens, so that the laser is focused onto the transparent grid sheet by the convex lens.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following: This application uses the anchor points of the beam system's tie-line tubes as a benchmark, precisely projecting the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points. First, the elevation of the tie-line tubes to be installed is determined, followed by the planar positioning. This solves the problem of precise matching and positioning of the arch rib tie-line tubes and beam system tie-line tubes in narrow, high-altitude environments, improving measurement accuracy. It fully utilizes the measuring device for rough positioning followed by precise matching, significantly increasing measurement efficiency. Furthermore, this application fully utilizes the receiving and projection device at the top of the arch rib tie-line tubes and the laser emission and projection device at the bottom of the beam system tie-line tubes, cleverly leveraging the vertical line-of-sight conditions of the arch rib tie-line tubes and beam system tie-line tubes after rough positioning to directly measure and position multiple arch rib tie-line tubes. This results in small measurement errors and high speed, overcoming the shortcomings of related technologies such as large indirect measurement errors and low efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the arch rib tie rod cable tube positioning method in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positioning and construction of the tie rod cable pipe for the arch rib of the arch bridge in this embodiment of the application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving and dot-feeding device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser emission projection device in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Receiving and projecting device; 11. Prism; 12. First sleeve; 121. Mounting groove; 13. Support cylinder; 14. Tray; 15. Bracket; 16. Connector; 2. Arch rib tie rod tube; 21. Anchor plate; 3. Laser rangefinder; 4. Beam tie rod tube; 41. Anchor plate; 5. Transparent grid sheet; 6. Convex lens; 7. Laser projecting and projecting device; 71. Second sleeve; 72. Centering plate; 73. Magnetic ring; 74. Micrometer fine adjustment part; 8. Arch rib segment; 81. Arch rib segment to be installed; 82. Installed arch rib segment; 83. Arch rib segment mounting bracket; 9. Beam. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] In related technologies, the precise matching and positioning of the arch rib tie rod tubes and beam system tie rod tubes in arch bridges suffers from large product errors, complex procedures, and low efficiency.

[0022] In a first aspect, this application provides a positioning system for the tie rod tube of an arch bridge arch rib, comprising: a receiving and projecting device 1, a horizontal positioning component, and a laser rangefinder 3; wherein... A receiving and projecting device 1 is installed inside the arch rib tie rod tube 2. The receiving and projecting device 1 is equipped with a prism 11, which is used to locate the elevation position of the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod tube 2. A horizontal positioning component is installed on the receiving and projecting device 1, which is used to locate the planar orientation of the arch rib tie rod tube 2. A laser rangefinder 3 is detachably installed inside the beam tie rod tube 4. The center of the laser rangefinder 3 is located at the bottom anchor point of the beam tie rod tube 4. The laser rangefinder 3 can measure the elevation value of the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod tube 2 through the prism 11 and vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam tie rod tube 4 onto the horizontal positioning component.

[0023] It is worth noting that, using the anchor points of the beam system's tie rods and cables as a reference, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points were precisely projected. The tie rods and cables to be installed were first positioned at elevation, and then the tie rods and cables to be installed were positioned in plane. This solved the problem of precise matching and positioning of the arch rib tie rods and cables with the beam system's tie rods and cables in narrow, high-altitude environments, and improved the measurement accuracy.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, the horizontal positioning component includes: a transparent grid sheet 5 and a convex lens 6; wherein, A transparent grid sheet 5 is detachably installed in the receiving and projecting device 1, and one center line of the transparent grid sheet 5 is aligned with the longitudinal center line of the anchor plate 21 of the arch rib tie rod cable tube 2; a convex lens 6 is detachably installed in the receiving and projecting device 1, and the convex lens 6 is used to focus the laser projected by the laser rangefinder 3 onto the transparent grid sheet 5.

[0025] It is worth noting that conventional laser beams projected from high altitudes tend to diverge after a long projection distance, making them difficult for operators to observe and assess. However, the preferred embodiment of this application utilizes the advantage of the convex lens 6 of the horizontal positioning component to focus the laser beam onto the transparent grid 5, forming a tiny laser point. This allows operators to quickly correct and position the arch rib tie rod cable tube based on the deviation of the projection point indication.

[0026] In some specific implementation methods, such as Figure 3 As shown, the receiving and docking device 1 includes: a first sleeve 12 and a support sleeve 13; wherein, A first sleeve 12 is fitted inside the arch rib tie rod tube 2. One end of the first sleeve 12 is provided with the prism 11, and the first sleeve 12 has a mounting groove 121 for inserting the transparent mesh sheet 5. A support cylinder 13 is installed at the end of the first sleeve 12 away from the prism 11, and the convex lens 6 is detachably installed inside the support cylinder 13.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the first sleeve 12 matches the inner diameter of the arch rib tie rod tube 2, and can be embedded and supported on the anchor plate 21 at the top opening of the arch rib tie rod tube 2.

[0028] In some alternative embodiments, a tray 14 is provided on the outer side of the first sleeve 12, and the mounting groove 121 is provided on the inner side of the tray 14. A marking line is provided on the tray 14. The tray 14 is used to be embedded in the anchor plate 21, and the marking line is aligned with the longitudinal center line of the anchor plate 21.

[0029] In one specific embodiment of this application, the tray 14 is fixed on the outer wall of the middle part of the first sleeve 12 to support the first sleeve 12 on the top surface of the anchor plate 21. The top surface of the tray 14 is provided with a semi-circular mounting groove 121. The top surface of the mounting groove 121 is fixed together with the upper part of the first sleeve 12. The extension line of the opening diameter of the mounting groove 121 is marked on the side of the tray 14 to be aligned with the longitudinal center line of the anchor plate 21 at the top opening of the arch rib tie rod cable tube 2. The inner diameter of the mounting groove 121 matches the outer diameter of the transparent grid sheet 5 for installing and removing the transparent grid sheet 5. The transparent grid sheet 5 is circular, and its grid is symmetrically arranged about its center. After one center line of the grid of the transparent grid sheet 5 is aligned with the opening diameter of the mounting groove 121 and embedded in the mounting groove 121, the center of the grid is located on the axis of the first sleeve 12.

[0030] Understandably, this application utilizes the cooperation of the tray 14 and the anchor plate 21 in the installation direction to enable the transparent grid plate 5 to position the longitudinal center of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed, thereby facilitating quick and easy correction and positioning of the arch rib tie rod cable tube.

[0031] In some alternative embodiments, the support cylinder 13 is in the shape of an inverted frustum. The top opening of the support cylinder 13 is fixed together with the bottom opening of the first sleeve 12. The bottom opening of the support cylinder 13 is provided with a semi-circular convex lens groove for installing and removing the convex lens 6. After the convex lens 6 is embedded in the semi-circular convex lens groove, its focal point is on the transparent grid plate 5, and its center is on the axis of the first sleeve 12. This is used to focus the laser beam of the laser rangefinder 3 at the anchor point onto the transparent grid plate 5 to form a tiny laser point.

[0032] It is worth noting that the above-described embodiments can overcome the shortcomings of the laser beam divergence at high altitudes, which forms a large spot and is difficult to measure precisely, thus facilitating subsequent precise measurements.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, a bracket 15 is provided on the top of the first sleeve 12, and a coordinate positioning part is provided on the bracket 15. Optionally, the bracket 15 is cross-shaped and fixed to the top surface of the first sleeve 12. The center of the bracket 15 is located at the center of the top surface of the first sleeve 12. A prism 11 is installed on the bottom surface of the center of the bracket 15, and a connector 16 is installed on the top surface of the center of the bracket 15.

[0034] Understandably, the coordinate positioning unit can use a Beidou receiver for real-time dynamic positioning, which provides real-time coordinate positioning with centimeter-level errors, facilitating quick coarse adjustments of the arch rib segment 8 by operators based on the coordinates. The height from the center of the prism 11 to the top surface of the support 15 is known, as is the height from the bottom surface of the tray 14 (i.e., the top surface of the anchor plate 21) to the top surface of the support 15. During specific adjustments, the measurement results can be further corrected based on these two known quantities to improve measurement accuracy, thereby achieving millimeter-level fine adjustments.

[0035] In some specific implementation methods, such as Figure 4 As shown, the positioning system for the arch rib tie rod of the arch bridge also includes: a laser emission and projection device 7, which comprises: a second sleeve 71 and a magnetic ring 73; wherein, The second sleeve 71 has a centering plate 72 at its bottom, on which the laser rangefinder 3 is mounted; a magnetic ring 73 is connected to the centering plate 72 and is used to adhere to the anchor plate 41 of the beam system cable tube 4.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the second sleeve 71 matches the inner diameter of the beam system cable tube 4. The magnetic ring 73 is fixed to the bottom surface of the second sleeve 71 and can be magnetically attracted to the anchor plate 41 of the beam system cable tube 4. The magnetic ring 73 is connected to the centering plate 72 through three micrometer fine adjustment parts 74.

[0037] Understandably, this application employs a laser emission projection device 7 at the bottom of the beam system cable tube 4, which solves the problem of placing the virtual center measuring instrument at the bottom of the beam system cable tube 4 and facilitates the placement of the laser rangefinder 3. Using the receiving projection device at the top of the arch rib cable tube 2, in conjunction with the laser emission projection device at the bottom of the beam system cable tube 4, the known three-dimensional coordinates of the anchorage point of the beam system cable tube 4 are projected onto the connector 16 of the receiving projection device 1 at the top of the arch rib cable tube 2. This allows for the convenient placement of a coordinate positioning part on the connector 16, solving the problem of accurately obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the station and setting up the measurement station at the top of the arch rib cable tube.

[0038] In some alternative embodiments, the centering disc 72 is circular, and its outer diameter is equal to that of the second sleeve 71. The laser rangefinder 3 is installed at the center of the centering disc 72. The two ends of the three micrometer fine adjustment parts 74 are respectively fixed on the outer wall of the second sleeve 71 and the side wall of the centering disc 72. The three micrometer fine adjustment parts 74 are arranged along the triangular edges of a regular triangular prism shape symmetrical to the axis of the second sleeve 71.

[0039] It is worth noting that the micrometer fine-tuning part 74 is used to level the laser rangefinder 3 and center it at the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube 4. The laser rangefinder 3 is used to vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube 4 onto the convex lens 6 and focus it onto the transparent grid plate 5. After the projection is completed, the convex lens 6 and the transparent grid plate 5 are removed. The laser rangefinder 3 is also used to measure the distance from the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube 4 to the prism 11.

[0040] Furthermore, an inclinometer can be installed at the bottom of the laser rangefinder 3.

[0041] It is worth noting that the laser beam of the laser rangefinder 3 can be positioned on the inclined axis by using three micrometer fine adjustment parts 74, which is used for precise matching and positioning of the axis between the arch rib tie rod tube 2 of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed in the basket arch bridge and the corresponding beam tie rod tube 4 in an inclined state.

[0042] Secondly, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a positioning method using the positioning system of the above-mentioned arch bridge arch rib tie rod cable tube, which includes: Step S1: Install the receiving and projection device 1 and the laser rangefinder 3 in the arch rib tie rod pipe 2 and the beam system tie rod pipe 4 respectively, and perform rough positioning on the arch rib segment 8 to be installed so that the arch rib tie rod pipe 2 and the beam system tie rod pipe 4 form a vertical line of sight.

[0043] It is worth noting that the aforementioned vertical line-of-sight condition refers to the physical condition that the line of sight must be unobstructed and free of obstacles when measuring or positioning in the vertical direction using a plumb line or vertical measuring equipment (such as a laser plumb line, total station, etc.) during bridge construction. This condition is typically used to ensure the verticality of bridge structures (such as piers, towers, etc.), the accuracy of elevation transfer, and geometric control during construction.

[0044] In a first specific embodiment of this application, step S1 specifically includes: Step S1a, as Figure 2 As shown, the lower part of the first sleeve 12 of the four arch rib tie rod cable tube receiving and throwing device 1 is respectively embedded into the four arch rib tie rod cable tubes 2 of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed, so that each tray 14 is closely attached to the anchor plate 21 at the top of the four arch rib tie rod cable tubes 2. The extension line of the opening diameter of the semi-circular mounting groove 121 marked on the side of the tray 14 is aligned with the longitudinal center line set on the anchor plate 21 at the top of the arch rib tie rod cable tube 2.

[0045] It should be noted that the extension line of the opening diameter of the mounting groove 121 marked on the side of the tray 14 is aligned with the longitudinal center line of the anchor plate 21 at the top of the arch rib tie rod tube 2. This is to facilitate the subsequent insertion of the four transparent grid pieces 5 into the mounting grooves 121 of the receiving and throwing device 1 at the top of the four arch rib tie rod tubes of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed. This aligns one center line of the grid of the transparent grid piece 5 with the opening diameter of the semi-circular mounting groove 121. The purpose is to make it easier to mark the longitudinal direction of the arch rib tie rod tube 2 with one center line of the transparent grid piece 5, providing a visual adjustment condition for the subsequent visual adjustment of the planar deviation of the arch rib tie rod tube 2.

[0046] Furthermore, after the receiving and projection device 1 is installed, a coordinate positioning part is installed on its connector 16.

[0047] Understandably, the coordinate positioning unit can use equipment such as a Beidou receiver.

[0048] Step S1b: Use the coordinate positioning unit to obtain the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod cable tube 2.

[0049] Specifically, in conjunction with the above specific embodiments, after the four BeiDou receivers are installed, their real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates are measured. Based on the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the BeiDou receiver centers at the top openings of the four arch rib tie rod cable pipes 2, and the known height from the BeiDou receiver centers to the top opening centers of the four arch rib tie rod cable pipes 2, the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the top opening centers of the four arch rib tie rod cable pipes 2 are calculated.

[0050] Step S1c: Adjust the arch rib segment 8 according to the deviation between the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the top center of the arch rib tie rod cable tube 2 and the design theoretical three-dimensional coordinates until the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates meet the preset requirement of centimeter-level error.

[0051] Specifically, based on the deviation between the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the top center of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2 and their theoretical design three-dimensional coordinates, the hoisting equipment is directed to adjust the posture of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed, and with the help of pads and jacks, the arch rib segment 81 to be installed is roughly positioned on the arch rib segment installation bracket 83.

[0052] It should be noted that the coordinate positioning of the coordinate positioning unit has errors. For example, the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinate coarse positioning error of the Beidou receiver is about 2 cm, and the real-time dynamic positioning measurement time is 15 seconds to 1 minute. The purpose of coarse positioning is to quickly adjust the attitude of the segment to be installed. Coarse positioning is performed on the arch rib segment installation bracket 83. At the same time, it provides vertical line of sight for the arch rib tie rod cable tube and the beam system tie rod cable tube for subsequent precision positioning, which is convenient for the use of the receiving and projection device at the top of the arch rib tie rod cable tube and the laser emission and projection device at the bottom of the beam system tie rod cable tube.

[0053] Step S2: Use a laser rangefinder 3 to aim at the prism 11 to measure the actual arch rib elevation value at the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod tube 2, and adjust the elevation of the arch rib segment 8 according to the actual arch rib elevation value.

[0054] The above step S2 specifically includes: Step S2a: Insert the second sleeve 71 of the laser emission projection device 7 at the four anchor points into the four beam system cable tubes 4 of the beam body 9 corresponding to the four arch rib tie rod cable tubes 2, so that each magnetic ring 73 is magnetically attracted to the four anchor plates 41 of the beam body 9. Adjust the three micrometer fine adjustment parts 74 of each of the four laser emission projection devices 7, and level the four laser rangefinders 3 so that the center of the four laser rangefinders 3 is respectively on the bottom anchor point of the four beam system cable tubes 4.

[0055] Step S2b: The four laser rangefinders 3 respectively measure the distance from the center of the four laser rangefinders 3 to the prism 11 on the bottom center of each support 15 of the corresponding arch rib tie rod cable tube 2 receiving point device 1.

[0056] Step S2c: Calculate the actual elevation of the top center of the four arch rib tie rods 2 based on the known elevation of the bottom anchor point of the four beam system cable tubes 4, the known height from the center of each prism 11 to the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod 2, and the distance from the center of the four laser rangefinders 3 to their corresponding prisms 11.

[0057] Step S2d: Based on the actual elevation of the center of the top opening of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2 and the elevation deviation between their theoretical design elevation and the design pre-lift value, the elevation deviation of the center of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2 of the arch rib segment 8 to be installed is adjusted to be within the allowable construction elevation deviation range by using the vertical jacks and pads on the arch rib segment installation bracket 83, so that the center elevation of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2 of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed is precisely positioned.

[0058] It should be noted that the design pre-lift value refers to the design pre-lift value provided by the design unit based on design rules, taking into account the deformation of the arch rib segment installation bracket 83 and the matching relationship between the arch rib segment to be installed and the already installed arch rib segment. Optionally, the allowable deviation for precise elevation positioning construction is 3-5mm.

[0059] Step S3: Install the horizontal positioning component in the receiving and projection device 1, and use the laser rangefinder 3 to vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube 4 onto the horizontal positioning component to form a vertical projection point.

[0060] The above step S3 specifically includes: Step S3a: Insert the transparent grid sheet 5 and the convex lens 6 into the receiving and projecting device 1, and align one center line of the transparent grid sheet 5 with the mark line on the tray 14 of the receiving and projecting device 1.

[0061] Specifically, four transparent grid pieces 5 are inserted into the trays 14 of the receiving and casting devices 1 at the top openings of the four arch rib tie rod tubes of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed, so that one center line of the grid of the transparent grid piece 5 is aligned with the diameter point of the opening of the mounting groove 121. At the same time, four convex lenses 6 are inserted into the four corresponding support cylinders 13.

[0062] Understandably, the center line of the transparent grid 5 can be used to mark the longitudinal direction of the arch rib tie cable tube 2, providing visual adjustment conditions for subsequent visual adjustment of the planar deviation of the arch rib tie cable tube 2.

[0063] Step S3b: Use a laser rangefinder 3 to vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube 4 onto the convex lens 6, so that the laser is focused onto the transparent grid 5 by the convex lens 6.

[0064] Specifically, four laser rangefinders 3 respectively project the bottom anchorage point of the beam system cable tube 4 vertically onto the convex lens 6 and focus it onto the transparent grid plate 5 through the convex lens 6, forming a tiny laser point, which is the vertical projection point of the bottom anchorage point of the beam system cable tube 4.

[0065] Understandably, the operators can mark the plane deviations of the centers of the four transparent grid panels 5, i.e. the actual centers of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2, relative to their corresponding four vertical projection points, i.e. the theoretical design centers of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2, according to the positions of the vertical projection points.

[0066] Step S4: Obtain the planar deviation and design pre-deviation value of the arch rib tie rod tube 2 according to the vertical projection point on the horizontal positioning component, and adjust the planar position of the arch rib segment 8 based on the planar deviation and design pre-deviation value.

[0067] Specifically, based on the planar deviation and design pre-deviation value of the four vertical projection points (i.e., the design theoretical centers of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2), the longitudinal bridge jacks and transverse bridge jacks on the arch rib segment installation bracket 83 are used to ensure that the planar deviation and design pre-deviation value of the four arch rib tie rod pipes 2 are within the allowable construction deviation range, thereby locking the arch rib segment 81 to be installed and completing the precise positioning of the arch rib tie rod pipe 2 of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed.

[0068] It should be noted that the design pre-offset value refers to the design pre-offset value provided by the design unit based on the design rules and the matching relationship between the arch rib segment to be installed and the already installed arch rib segment. The allowable deviation for precise planar positioning construction is 3-5mm.

[0069] In the second embodiment provided in this application, the two arch rib tie rod tube top receiving and projection devices 1 are respectively installed in the two arch rib tie rod tubes 2 of the installed arch rib segment 82, and the two anchor point laser emission projection devices 7 are respectively installed in the beam system tie rod tubes 4 corresponding to the two arch rib tie rod tubes 2 of the installed arch rib segment 82. At the same time, the two arch rib tie rod tube top receiving and projection devices 1 are respectively installed in the two arch rib tie rod tubes 2 of the adjacent arch rib segment 81 to be installed, and the two laser emission projection devices 7 are respectively installed in the beam system tie rod tubes 4 corresponding to the two arch rib tie rod tubes 2 of the adjacent arch rib segment 81 to be installed. This allows for the matching check of the elevation and planar position of the two arch rib tie rod tubes 2 of the installed arch rib segment 82 and the two arch rib tie rod tubes 2 of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed.

[0070] In the third embodiment provided in this application, when the arch rib tie rod tube 2 of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed and the corresponding beam system tie rod tube 4 are in an inclined state, the laser rangefinder 3, in conjunction with the inclinometer installed at its bottom, can use three micrometer fine adjustment parts 74 to make the laser beam of the laser rangefinder 3 be on the theoretically designed inclined axis between the theoretically designed anchor point of the arch rib tie rod tube 2 and the theoretically designed anchor point of the corresponding beam system tie rod tube 4, so as to precisely adjust the arch rib tie rod tube 2 of the arch rib segment 81 to be installed and the corresponding beam system tie rod tube 4 for precise matching and positioning.

[0071] This application also provides a specific embodiment of the application of the positioning system of this application in the measurement of arch rib alignment and the measurement of arch rib closure joint, the embodiment including the following steps: S1: Obtain the elevation of the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod cable tube 2.

[0072] The above step S1 specifically includes: Step S1a: Embed each of the first sleeves 12 of the receiving and throwing device 1 into an arch rib tie rod tube 2, so that each tray 14 is tightly attached to the anchor plate 21.

[0073] Step S1b: Insert the second sleeve 71 of a laser emission point device 7 into the beam system cable tube 4 corresponding to the arch rib tie cable tube 2 of the beam body 9, so that the magnetic ring 73 is magnetically attracted to the anchor plate 41 of the beam system cable tube 4. Adjust the three micrometer fine adjustment parts 74 of the laser emission point device 7 at each anchor point, level the laser rangefinder 3 and make the center of the laser rangefinder 3 be located at the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube 4.

[0074] Step S1c: The laser rangefinder 3 measures the distance from its center to its corresponding prism 11.

[0075] Step S1d: Based on the known elevation of the anchor point at the bottom of the beam system cable tube 4, the known height from the center of each prism 11 to the center of the top of the arch rib cable tube 2, and the distance from the center of the laser rangefinder 3 to the prism 11 of the corresponding top receiving and projection device 1 of the arch rib cable tube, obtain the elevation of the center of the top of the arch rib cable tube 2.

[0076] Step S2: Obtain the planar coordinates of the center of the arch rib tie rod tube 2.

[0077] The above step S2 specifically includes: Step S2a: Insert the transparent mesh 5 into each tray 14, and at the same time insert the convex lens 6 into the support cylinder 13.

[0078] Step S2b: The laser rangefinder 3 vertically projects the anchor point at the bottom of the beam system cable tube 4 onto the convex lens 6 and focuses it onto the transparent grid plate 5 through the convex lens 6, forming a tiny laser point, which is the vertical projection point of the anchor point at the bottom of the beam system cable tube 4, and marks the plane coordinates of the center of each transparent grid plate 5, which is the actual center of the arch rib cable tube 2.

[0079] It is worth noting that by focusing the convex lens 6 onto the transparent grid plate 5, the drawbacks of the laser beam diverging at high altitude points to form a large spot and being difficult to measure precisely can be overcome.

[0080] S3: Set up the total station on the connector 16 of the bracket 15 of the receiving and projection device 1 at the top of the arch rib tie pipe, measure the height of the total station, and obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the total station based on the elevation and plane coordinates of the center of the top of the arch rib tie pipe 2 and the known height from the bottom of the total station to the center of the top of the arch rib tie pipe 2. S4: Use the total station in conjunction with the arch rib line measuring prism 11 to measure the arch rib line.

[0081] S5: The total station, in conjunction with the prism 11 at the arch rib closure joint, is used to measure the arch rib closure joint.

[0082] In summary, this application uses the anchor points of the beam system's tie-line tubes as a benchmark, precisely projecting the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points. First, the tie-line tubes to be installed are positioned at elevation, and then they are positioned in planar plane. This solves the problem of precise matching and positioning of the arch rib tie-line tubes and the beam system's tie-line tubes in narrow, high-altitude environments, resulting in high measurement accuracy. The application fully utilizes the measuring device for rough positioning followed by precise matching, greatly improving measurement efficiency. Furthermore, this application fully utilizes the receiving and projection device at the top of the arch rib tie-line tubes and the laser emission and projection device at the bottom of the beam system tie-line tubes, cleverly leveraging the vertical line-of-sight conditions of the arch rib tie-line tubes and the beam system tie-line tubes after rough positioning to directly measure and position multiple arch rib tie-line tubes. This results in small measurement errors and high speed, overcoming the shortcomings of related technologies, such as large indirect measurement errors and low efficiency. Secondly, this application fully utilizes the advantage of the convex lens of the top-end receiving and projection device of the arch rib tie rod cable tube focusing on the transparent grid to form a tiny laser point. Using a simple laser rangefinder, it avoids the drawback of laser beam divergence during high-altitude projection, making it widely applicable to high-altitude precision projection and convenient to use. Finally, this application employs a laser emission projection device at the bottom of the beam system tie rod cable tube, solving the problem of placing the virtual center measuring instrument at the bottom of the beam system tie rod cable tube, facilitating the placement of the laser rangefinder. By using the top-end receiving and projection device of the arch rib tie rod cable tube, in conjunction with the laser emission projection device at the bottom of the beam system tie rod cable tube, the known three-dimensional coordinates of the beam system tie rod cable tube anchorage point are projected onto the connector of the top-end receiving and projection device of the arch rib tie rod cable tube. This allows for convenient placement of measuring equipment on the connector, solving the problem of accurately obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the station and setting up the measurement station at the top of the arch rib tie rod cable tube.

[0083] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0084] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0085] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A positioning system for the tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge arch rib, characterized in that, include: A receiving and projecting device (1) is installed inside the arch rib tie rod cable tube (2). The receiving and projecting device (1) is equipped with a prism (11), which is used to locate the elevation position of the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod cable tube (2). A horizontal positioning component is used to be installed on the receiving and projecting device (1), and the horizontal positioning component is used to position the planar orientation of the arch rib tie rod cable tube (2); A laser rangefinder (3) is detachably installed inside the beam system cable tube (4). The center of the laser rangefinder (3) is located at the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube (4). The laser rangefinder (3) can measure the elevation value of the top center of the arch rib cable tube (2) through the prism (11) and vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube (4) onto the horizontal positioning component. The horizontal positioning component includes a transparent grid sheet (5) and a convex lens (6). The transparent grid sheet (5) is detachably installed in the receiving and projecting device (1), and a center line of the transparent grid sheet (5) is aligned with the anchor plate (21) of the arch rib tie rod cable tube (2) along the bridge direction center line. The convex lens (6) is detachably installed in the receiving and projecting device (1), and the convex lens (6) is used to focus the laser projected by the laser rangefinder (3) onto the transparent grid sheet (5).

2. The positioning system for the arch rib tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving and dotting device (1) includes: The first sleeve (12) is used to be embedded in the arch rib tie rod tube (2). One end of the first sleeve (12) is provided with the prism (11). The first sleeve (12) is provided with an installation groove (121) for the transparent grid sheet (5) to be inserted. A support cylinder (13) is installed at the end of the first sleeve (12) away from the prism (11), and the convex lens (6) is detachably installed inside the support cylinder (13).

3. The positioning system for the arch rib tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first sleeve (12) has a tray (14) on its outer side, and the tray (14) has the mounting groove (121) on its inner side. The tray (14) has a marking line on it. The tray (14) is used to be embedded in the anchor plate (21), and the marking line is aligned with the center line of the anchor plate (21) along the bridge direction.

4. The positioning system for the arch rib tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the first sleeve (12) is provided with a bracket (15), and the bracket (15) is provided with a coordinate positioning part.

5. The positioning system for the arch rib tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Laser emission dot projection device (7), comprising: The second sleeve (71) has a centering plate (72) at its bottom, and the laser rangefinder (3) is carried on the centering plate (72). A magnetic ring (73) is connected to the centering plate (72) and is used to be attracted to the anchor plate (41) of the beam system cable tube (4).

6. The positioning system for the arch rib tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The centering plate (72) is provided with a micrometer fine adjustment part (74), which is used to adjust the posture of the centering plate (72) to change the projection direction of the laser rangefinder (3).

7. A positioning method using the positioning system of the arch rib tie rod cable tube of an arch bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The receiving and projection device (1) and the laser rangefinder (3) are installed in the arch rib tie rod pipe (2) and the beam system tie rod pipe (4) respectively, and the arch rib segment (8) to be installed is roughly positioned so that the arch rib tie rod pipe (2) and the beam system tie rod pipe (4) form a vertical line of sight. The laser rangefinder (3) is used to aim at the prism (11) to measure the actual arch rib elevation value at the center of the top opening of the arch rib tie rod tube (2), and the elevation of the arch rib segment (8) is adjusted according to the actual arch rib elevation value. Install the horizontal positioning component in the receiving and projection device (1), and use a laser rangefinder (3) to vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube (4) onto the horizontal positioning component to form a vertical projection point; The planar deviation and design pre-deviation value of the arch rib tie rod cable tube (2) are obtained according to the vertical projection point on the horizontal positioning component, and the planar position of the arch rib segment (8) is adjusted based on the planar deviation and design pre-deviation value. The process of installing the horizontal positioning component in the receiving and projecting device (1) and using a laser rangefinder (3) to vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube (4) onto the horizontal positioning component to form a vertical projection point includes: inserting a transparent grid sheet (5) and a convex lens (6) into the receiving and projecting device (1) and aligning one center line of the transparent grid sheet (5) with the mark line on the tray (14) of the receiving and projecting device (1); using a laser rangefinder (3) to vertically project the bottom anchor point of the beam system cable tube (4) onto the convex lens (6) so that the laser is focused onto the transparent grid sheet (5) by the convex lens (6).

8. The positioning method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The rough positioning of the arch rib segment (8) to be installed includes: The coordinate positioning unit is used to obtain the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the top center of the arch rib tie rod cable tube (2); The arch rib segment (8) is adjusted according to the deviation between the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates of the top center of the arch rib tie rod pipe (2) and the design theoretical three-dimensional coordinates until the real-time dynamic three-dimensional coordinates meet the preset requirements.

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