Water and fertilizer precision execution method and system based on multi-source data fusion

Abstract

The application provides a water and fertilizer precision execution method and system based on multi-source data fusion, and belongs to the technical field of Internet of Things information fusion and precision fertilization. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring weather forecast information of a future preset period; determining a water and fertilizer preparation day and a water and fertilizer execution day based on the weather forecast information; acquiring multi-source sensing data collected by a plurality of sensor combination units in a target fertilization area on the water and fertilizer execution day; and determining a water and fertilizer precision execution mode of the water and fertilizer execution day based on fusion analysis of the multi-source sensing data. The system comprises a weather forecast unit, a sensor combination unit and a precision fertilization execution unit, and is used for realizing the method. The technical scheme of the application can fully consider the fusion adaptability of multi-source data such as weather, types and adaptability of water and fertilizer and environment, so as to scientifically formulate a precision fertilization mode. Through the use of advanced artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and communication technology, water and fertilizer fertilization decision-making is more scientific, efficient, timely and precise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Internet of Things information fusion and precision fertilization technology, and particularly relates to a method and system for precision water and fertilizer application based on multi-source data fusion. Background Technology

[0002] Precision fertilization is a fertilization model that combines information technology and agricultural machinery with multi-dimensional data such as crop growth needs, soil fertility, and environmental conditions to achieve "on-demand supply and precise matching." Water-fertilizer integration refers to an agricultural technology model that dissolves fertilizer in water and delivers water and nutrients simultaneously through irrigation systems (such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation).

[0003] Among related technologies, Chinese authorized invention patent CN106707767B proposes an intelligent management and control system for integrated water and fertilizer management in farmland based on multi-source information fusion. This system can comprehensively consider factors such as weather forecasts, cloud computing platforms, real-time meteorological data collection, and crop growth conditions to make corresponding irrigation decisions.

[0004] The system enables precise irrigation and fertilization decisions, allowing for accurate measurement of irrigation and fertilization. It can also describe crop growth in real time and adjust irrigation and fertilization accordingly. Chinese invention patent publication CN103823371A also proposes an agricultural precision fertilization system and method based on a neural network model.

[0005] However, existing technologies treat the area to be fertilized as a whole before performing precision fertilization, without considering the potential differences in fertilizer requirements between different target areas. Furthermore, these technologies fail to account for the different properties resulting from different types of water and fertilizer, and do not correlate multi-source data with water and fertilizer types and their suitability for application. Finally, precision fertilization typically requires setting relevant operating parameters using mechanized equipment (including ground and aerial equipment). This equipment needs different fertilization parameters for different areas. Frequent switching of fertilization parameters (fertilization modes) during precision application will affect the effectiveness of precision fertilization (because the next stage of fertilization will still retain the influence of the previous fertilization mode), which is particularly problematic when multiple water and fertilizer applications need to be applied simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a method and system for precise water and fertilizer application based on multi-source data fusion.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for precise water and fertilizer application based on multi-source data fusion is proposed. This method is implemented using a combination of multiple sensor units and includes the following steps:

[0008] Obtain weather forecast information for a preset time period in the future;

[0009] Based on the aforementioned weather forecast information, the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer implementation date are determined;

[0010] On the day of water and fertilizer application, acquire multi-source sensor data collected by the multiple sensor combination units in the target fertilization area;

[0011] Based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data, multiple precise water and fertilizer execution modes are determined for the water and fertilizer execution day.

[0012] The determined water and fertilizer precision execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer fertilization process.

[0013] The acquisition of weather forecast information for a future preset period includes acquiring rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, and sunshine information for the next preset number of days.

[0014] Based on the aforementioned weather forecast information, the dates for water and fertilizer preparation and implementation are determined, specifically including:

[0015] Based on the pre-set water and fertilizer implementation plan, determine the types of water and fertilizer;

[0016] Based on the type of water and fertilizer, determine the appropriate conditions for water and fertilizer application;

[0017] Based on the water and fertilizer adaptability conditions, and based on the weather forecast information, it is determined whether there are suitable water and fertilizer implementation days within the future preset period;

[0018] If so, the water and fertilizer preparation date should be determined at the same time as the water and fertilizer implementation date.

[0019] On the day of water and fertilizer application, acquire multi-source sensor data collected by the combined sensor units in the target fertilization area, specifically including:

[0020] Acquire first sensing data collected by the first sensor in the target fertilization area, wherein the first sensing data is related to the weather forecast information;

[0021] When the difference between the first sensing data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the day of water and fertilizer application is less than a preset threshold, the second sensing data collected by the second sensor in the target fertilization area is acquired. The second sensing data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area; the target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

[0022] On the day of water and fertilizer application, acquire multi-source sensor data collected by the combined sensor units in the target fertilization area, specifically including:

[0023] Acquire first sensing data collected by the first sensor in the target fertilization area, wherein the first sensing data is related to the weather forecast information;

[0024] When the difference between the first sensor data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the day of water and fertilizer application is less than a preset threshold, the target fertilization area is divided into multiple fertilization sub-areas.

[0025] The second sensor acquires multiple sets of second sensor data collected in multiple fertilization sub-regions. The second sensor data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area. The target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

[0026] Based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data, the precise water and fertilizer execution mode for the water and fertilizer execution day is determined, specifically including:

[0027] Determine the fertilization path, fertilization sequence, timing of water and fertilizer application, duration of water and fertilizer application, and water and fertilizer ratio for each of the multiple fertilization sub-regions.

[0028] In a second aspect of the present invention, a water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion is proposed, the system comprising a weather forecasting unit, a sensor combination unit, and a precision fertilization execution unit;

[0029] The sensor assembly unit includes a first sensor assembly unit and a second sensor assembly unit;

[0030] The weather forecast unit is used to obtain weather forecast information for a future preset period, and based on the weather forecast information, to determine the water and fertilizer preparation day and the water and fertilizer execution day;

[0031] On the day of water and fertilizer application, the first sensor data of the target fertilization area is collected based on the first sensor combination unit, and the first sensor data is related to the weather forecast information;

[0032] When the difference between the first sensor data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the day of water and fertilizer application is less than a preset threshold, the target fertilization area is divided into multiple fertilization sub-areas.

[0033] Based on multiple sets of second sensor data collected by the second sensor combination unit in multiple fertilization sub-regions, the precision fertilization execution unit determines the precision fertilization execution mode for the fertilization execution day; the determined precision fertilization execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the fertilization process;

[0034] The second sensing data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area; the target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

[0035] The precision fertilization execution unit determines the precision fertilization execution mode for the specified fertilization execution day, specifically including:

[0036] Determine the timing, duration, and ratio of water and fertilizer application for each of the multiple fertilization sub-regions.

[0037] The weather forecast unit is used to obtain weather forecast information for a preset period of time in the future, and based on the weather forecast information, to determine the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer implementation date, specifically including:

[0038] Based on the pre-set water and fertilizer implementation plan, determine the types of water and fertilizer;

[0039] Based on the type of water and fertilizer, determine the appropriate conditions for water and fertilizer application;

[0040] Based on the water and fertilizer adaptability conditions, and based on the weather forecast information, it is determined whether there are suitable water and fertilizer implementation days within the future preset period;

[0041] If so, the water and fertilizer preparation date should be determined at the same time as the water and fertilizer implementation date.

[0042] The first sensor assembly unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, and a light intensity sensor;

[0043] The second sensor assembly unit includes a soil sampling sensor and a leaf image sensor.

[0044] The technical solution of this invention first obtains weather forecast information for a preset future period; based on the weather forecast information, it determines the water and fertilizer preparation day and the water and fertilizer execution day; on the water and fertilizer execution day, it acquires multi-source sensor data collected by multiple sensor combination units in the target fertilization area; based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data, it determines the precise water and fertilizer execution mode for the water and fertilizer execution day. The determined precise water and fertilizer execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer fertilization process. The technical solution of this invention can fully consider the fusion and adaptability of multi-source data such as weather, the type and adaptability of water and fertilizer, and environmental conditions, thereby scientifically formulating a precise fertilization mode. By using advanced artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and communication technologies, water and fertilizer fertilization decisions become more scientific, efficient, timely, and precise, while avoiding the residual fertilizer output impact of switching precise fertilization modes in different areas. Its specific advantages and implementation principles will be further detailed in the specific embodiments section in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main process of a water and fertilizer precision execution method based on multi-source data fusion according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of determining the water and fertilizer application date in the method described above;

[0048] Figure 3 It is execution Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the water and fertilizer precision implementation mode (path) after the water and fertilizer precision implementation method;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main functional units of a water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] In the specific embodiments of this application, if the embodiments of the relevant technical solutions involve user-related data, then when the embodiments of this application are applied to specific products or technologies, user permission or consent is required, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions.

[0051] Before introducing the technical solution of this application, the problems existing in the relevant prior art are first introduced, so as to introduce the improvement motivation of the technical solution of this invention, and thus better understand the inventiveness of this application.

[0052] Precision fertilization is a scientific fertilization technique that precisely controls the type, amount, timing, and location of fertilizers based on factors such as crop growth needs, soil fertility, and environmental conditions. Its core principle is "precision," requiring comprehensive consideration of multiple factors to achieve the goals of high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and increased yield, including weather, the crop itself, and other environmental factors.

[0053] In this regard, relevant technologies (such as the Chinese authorized invention patent CN106707767B mentioned in the background technology) have already provided relevant solutions and general principles. For example, by receiving weather data through weather forecast queries, real-time meteorological forecast data is provided to the central control unit to make irrigation and fertilization decisions; this includes the weather conditions for the next three days, determining whether to irrigate if there is rain and the precipitation is sufficient for crop growth, and whether to irrigate if there is no rain or if there is rain but the precipitation is insufficient for crop growth. The collected weather forecast information only considers the question of whether to irrigate.

[0054] However, in the specific issue of precision fertilization, existing technologies do not take into account the different properties caused by different types of water and fertilizer, nor do they associate multi-source data with water and fertilizer types and the conditions for water and fertilizer application.

[0055] Specifically, fertigation includes two categories: water-soluble fertilizers (fully soluble) and non-water-soluble fertilizers (requiring pretreatment). The former are fertilizers that can completely dissolve in water to form a homogeneous solution, suitable for integrated fertigation systems such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and fertigation. The latter are not completely soluble in water and require treatment such as soaking, composting, or mechanical pulverization before being used in fertigation systems as a suspension or clarified liquid. Fertigation can also be divided into single-element fertigation or compound (mixed) fertigation. The former refers to a fertilizer solution containing only one macro-element or micro-element, specifically supplementing specific nutrients and correcting crop deficiencies; the latter contains two or more macro-elements, or a mixture of macro-elements and micro-elements. Existing technologies do not address these issues further.

[0056] Furthermore, existing technologies treat the area to be fertilized as a whole before performing precision fertilization, without considering the potential differences in fertilizer requirements between different target areas. Even when setting relevant working mode parameters for mechanized equipment (including ground and aerial equipment) based on the needs of precision fertilization, the equipment needs to be set with different fertilization parameters for different areas. If the fertilization parameters (fertilization mode) are frequently switched during precision execution, it will affect the precision fertilization effect (because the next stage of fertilization mode still retains the influence of the previous fertilization mode).

[0057] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, after long-term observation and field testing, the inventors propose the following technical solution in this application.

[0058] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main process of a water and fertilizer precision execution method based on multi-source data fusion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 1The method is based on a combination of multiple sensor units and includes the following steps (for ease of subsequent description, each step is assigned a number here, but the numbers are omitted in the accompanying figures):

[0060] S1: Obtain weather forecast information for a future preset time period;

[0061] S2: Based on the weather forecast information, determine the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer implementation date;

[0062] S3: On the day of water and fertilizer application, acquire multi-source sensor data collected by the multiple sensor combination units in the target fertilization area;

[0063] S4: Based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data, determine multiple precise water and fertilizer execution modes for the water and fertilizer execution day.

[0064] The determined water and fertilizer precision execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer fertilization process.

[0065] Figure 1 The embodiments identified the greatest contribution of this application to the prior art, namely, the determined water and fertilizer precision execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of fertilization mode switching during the water and fertilizer fertilization process.

[0066] Of course, this invention also includes other contributions, which will be discussed below. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The above steps will be explained in further detail.

[0067] Step S1: Obtain weather forecast information for a future preset time period; the obtaining of weather forecast information for a future preset time period includes obtaining rainfall information, wind speed information, wind direction information, temperature information, humidity information, and sunshine information for a future preset number of days.

[0068] This step can be achieved using existing technologies, and will not be elaborated on in this embodiment.

[0069] Step S2: Based on the weather forecast information, determine the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer implementation date.

[0070] In this step S2, the first improvement of the present invention over the prior art is introduced, namely, determining the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer execution date.

[0071] Specifically, see Figure 2 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrating the principle of determining the water and fertilizer application date in the method.

[0072] Specifically, based on the aforementioned weather forecast information, the dates for water and fertilizer preparation and implementation are determined, including:

[0073] Step 1: Obtain weather forecast information for the next preset time period;

[0074] Step 2: Determine the types of water and fertilizer based on the pre-set water and fertilizer implementation plan;

[0075] Step 3: Determine the appropriate conditions for water and fertilizer application based on the type of water and fertilizer.

[0076] Step 4: Based on the water and fertilizer adaptability conditions and combined with the weather forecast information, determine whether there are suitable water and fertilizer implementation days within the future preset period;

[0077] If so, the water and fertilizer preparation date shall be determined at the same time as the water and fertilizer implementation date;

[0078] If not, wait for the preset time period and then return to Step 1.

[0079] In the above improvements, this application introduces for the first time the concept of water and fertilizer implementation date, especially water and fertilizer preparation date, thereby linking multi-source data information with water and fertilizer types and water and fertilizer implementation suitability conditions.

[0080] The above improvements are illustrated with a simpler, more concrete example as follows:

[0081] Step 1: Obtain the weather forecast information for the next 5 days (for ease of subsequent description, assume that the next 5 days are Monday to Friday);

[0082] Step 2: Obtain the preset water and fertilizer implementation plan and determine the types of water and fertilizer. For example, according to the water and fertilizer implementation plan, the next step is to apply fertilizer A1 and A2 to the target area A; where A1 is a water-soluble fertilizer (fully soluble type) and A2 is a non-water-soluble fertilizer (requiring pretreatment type).

[0083] Step 3: Determine the appropriate conditions for water and fertilizer application based on the type of water and fertilizer.

[0084] Continuing with the example above, the adaptability conditions for water-soluble fertilizer A1 are:

[0085] Humidity less than XX1; wind speed not greater than XX2; rainfall less than XX3; temperature not lower than XX4; ...

[0086] Water-soluble fertilizer A1 should be prepared and used immediately.

[0087] The adaptability conditions for non-water-soluble fertilizer A2 are:

[0088] Humidity should not be less than YY1; wind speed should not be greater than YY2; rainfall should not be greater than YY3; temperature should not be higher than YY4; ...; non-water-soluble fertilizer A2 needs to be pre-treated, and fertilization should be completed within 24 hours after sedimentation / mixing for 48 hours.

[0089] Step 4: Based on the water and fertilizer adaptability conditions and combined with the weather forecast information, determine whether there are suitable water and fertilizer implementation days within the future preset period;

[0090] Assume that Wednesday's weather forecast meets the suitability conditions for water-soluble fertilizer A1, and Friday's weather forecast meets the suitability conditions for non-water-soluble fertilizer A2.

[0091] Wednesday is selected as the application day for water-soluble fertilizer A1; at the same time, since water-soluble fertilizer A1 needs to be prepared and used immediately, Wednesday is also selected as the preparation day for water-soluble fertilizer A1.

[0092] Friday is chosen as the day for applying water-soluble fertilizer A2. Meanwhile, since water-soluble fertilizer A2 requires pretreatment and 48 hours of sedimentation / mixing before application, Wednesday is also designated as the day for preparing water-soluble fertilizer A2.

[0093] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the water and fertilizer implementation date must be determined first, and then the water and fertilizer preparation date can be determined accordingly. Once the water and fertilizer implementation date can be determined, the water and fertilizer preparation date can also be determined accordingly. Therefore, it is considered that the water and fertilizer preparation date is determined "simultaneously" with the determination of the water and fertilizer implementation date.

[0094] On another front, if, based on water and fertilizer adaptability conditions and combined with the weather forecast information, it is determined that there are no suitable days for water and fertilizer application within a preset future period—for example, assuming that the current (e.g., this Saturday) weather forecast for Monday through Friday shows that there are no suitable weather conditions for fertilizing A1 and A2 within the next five days—then it is necessary to wait a preset number of days and repeat the above conditions. For example, on Sunday, continue to obtain the weather forecast information for the next five days, i.e., return to Step 1. This is because the accuracy of weather forecast information is higher for shorter timeframes and is updated daily.

[0095] By introducing a water and fertilizer preparation day, scientific ratios can be prepared in advance for different types of water and fertilizer, especially non-water-soluble fertilizers, thus avoiding waste of water and fertilizer (e.g., preparing the ratio in advance but not applying it at the appropriate time).

[0096] Figure 2 The embodiment focuses on improving upon this by introducing a water and fertilizer preparation day during the preparation stage before water and fertilizer application. When the water and fertilizer application day arrives, step S3 needs to be entered: on the water and fertilizer application day, multi-source sensor data collected by the multiple sensor combination units in the target fertilization area needs to be acquired.

[0097] Specifically, in S3, on the day of water and fertilizer application, the multi-source sensor data collected by the combined sensor units in the target fertilization area is acquired, including:

[0098] Acquire first sensing data collected by the first sensor in the target fertilization area, wherein the first sensing data is related to the weather forecast information;

[0099] When the difference between the first sensing data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the water and fertilizer application day is less than a preset threshold, the second sensing data collected by the second sensor in the target fertilization area is acquired. The second sensing data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area; the target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

[0100] The first sensor assembly unit includes any combination of a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, and light intensity sensor;

[0101] The second sensor assembly unit includes a soil sampling sensor and a leaf image sensor.

[0102] In existing technologies, weather forecast information can be used to assist in determining precise fertilization. However, the inventors of this application have noticed that weather forecast information based on public platforms is relatively coarse. It usually represents the overall weather information range of a relatively large area and cannot represent the actual parameters of the area to be fertilized. Especially when the area to be fertilized is large and located in a special location (such as a large body of water, a valley, etc.), the actual weather parameters may differ from the weather forecast information provided by the public platform on that day.

[0103] On this particular day, in step S3, even on the day of water and fertilizer application, the technical solution of the present invention still needs to further confirm the weather information, that is, to obtain the first sensing data collected by the first sensor in the target fertilization area. The first sensing data is related to the weather forecast information. In other words, the first sensing data is still similar to the weather forecast information but more related to the specific fertilization category.

[0104] As an example, weather forecast information includes rainfall information, wind speed information, wind direction information, temperature information, humidity information, and sunshine information;

[0105] However, for the current water and fertilizer application day, continuing with A1 and A2 in the above example, the first sensor data collected by the first sensor in the target fertilization area is humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and temperature.

[0106] When the difference between the first sensor data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the water and fertilizer application day is less than a preset threshold, it means that the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the water and fertilizer application day is relatively accurate. At this time, it can be confirmed that the day is a reliable water and fertilizer application day, and the relevant precision fertilization operation can be performed.

[0107] Based on this, second sensing data collected by the second sensor in the target fertilization area is obtained. The second sensing data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area; the target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

[0108] Although the types of water and fertilizer have been determined, the fertilization methods (fertilization patterns) are different for different target fertilization objects. This is an essential requirement for precision fertilization.

[0109] In traditional, extensive fertilization practices, once the type of fertilizer and the fertilization date are determined, fertilization is carried out uniformly and indiscriminately across the target area. Traditional fertilization often involves fixed amounts of fertilizer, easily leading to over- or under-fertilization. Due to a lack of precise analysis of the soil and crops, farmers may over-fertilize in pursuit of high yields, resulting in fertilizer waste and environmental pollution; or they may under-fertilize for fear of increased costs, negatively impacting crop yield and quality.

[0110] Correspondingly, precision fertilization is based on soil testing and crop nutrient diagnosis. By accurately measuring and analyzing soil nutrient content, physicochemical properties, and nutrient requirements of crops at different growth stages, specific fertilization plans can be determined. For example, soil nutrient analyzers are used to obtain data on the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other trace elements in the soil. This data is then combined with crop growth models and historical yield data to formulate fertilizer formulas that meet actual needs.

[0111] Most existing technologies treat the area to be fertilized as a whole before performing precision fertilization, without considering the potential differences in fertilizer requirements between different target areas. Some improved technologies, however, describe precisely calculating the amount of fertilizer needed by crops based on soil fertility and crop nutrient requirements, achieving on-demand fertilization and avoiding over- or under-fertilization. For example, in a field with high soil fertility, precision fertilization calculations might appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to prevent excessive vegetative growth when planting corn; conversely, in a field with low soil fertility, the amount of fertilizer applied might be increased accordingly.

[0112] However, this brings about a new technical problem: the relevant mechanized equipment needs to be set with different fertilization parameters for different areas. If the fertilization parameters (fertilization mode) are frequently switched during precise execution, it will affect the precision fertilization effect (because the next stage of fertilization mode still retains the influence of the previous fertilization mode).

[0113] In particular, if the area to be fertilized needs to be treated with two or more types of fertilization on the same fertilization day, the fertilizer residue caused by frequent switching of fertilization parameters may affect the effectiveness of precision fertilization. For example, if the current fertilization area is C1 with fertilizer dispensing mode K1, and the next fertilization area is C2 with fertilizer dispensing mode K2, then when switching from C1 to C2, the residual fertilizer K1 from the previous stage may continue to be applied to area C2, even though C2 itself may not need fertilizer K1.

[0114] Therefore, step S4 of the technical solution of this application is further improved as follows: based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data, multiple water and fertilizer precision execution modes for the water and fertilizer execution day are determined; the determined water and fertilizer precision execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, the optimal fertilization path minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer fertilization process.

[0115] To better implement the above-mentioned improvements in this application, the following will be combined with... Figure 3 Further explanation follows.

[0116] Continuing from the above description, the first sensor data collected by the first sensor in the target fertilization area is obtained, and the first sensor data is related to the weather forecast information;

[0117] When the difference between the first sensor data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the day of water and fertilizer application is less than a preset threshold, the target fertilization area is divided into multiple fertilization sub-areas.

[0118] The second sensor acquires multiple sets of second sensor data collected in multiple fertilization sub-regions. The second sensor data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area. The target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

[0119] See Figure 3 The target fertilization area is schematically divided into 9 fertilization sub-regions (numbered 1-2-3-...9).

[0120] Then, nine sets of second sensor data collected by the second sensor in the nine fertilization sub-regions were acquired respectively;

[0121] As an example, data on the distribution of existing chemical elements and existing moisture in the soil of each fertilization sub-region can be obtained, or data on the distribution of plant leaf and seedling surface color and existing moisture in each fertilization sub-region can be obtained to determine the water and fertilizer requirements of each fertilization sub-region, thereby determining the fertilization mode parameters of each fertilization sub-region, such as fertilization duration, fertilization speed (amount of water and fertilizer sprayed per unit time), and water and fertilizer ratio (adjusting the proportion of different element fertilizers), etc.

[0122] However, based on the fertilization mode parameters of each fertilization sub-region, the optimal fertilization path for the fertilization area is determined, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer application process.

[0123] The optimal fertilization path is the fertilization order (fertilization path) of the nine fertilization sub-regions. Therefore, determining the precise water and fertilizer execution mode for the water and fertilizer execution day based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data also includes:

[0124] Determine the fertilization path (fertilization order), water and fertilizer application time, water and fertilizer application duration, and water and fertilizer ratio for each of the multiple fertilization sub-regions.

[0125] Based on the fertilization mode parameters of each fertilization sub-region, the optimal fertilization path of the area to be fertilized is determined. The optimal fertilization path minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer application process. Specifically, the fertilization sub-regions with the same or similar fertilization mode parameters can be treated as a whole fertilization area, i.e., as a continuous fertilization area.

[0126] by Figure 3 Taking the schematic diagram as an example, assuming that after obtaining the fertilization mode parameters of each group of fertilization sub-regions, it is found that the fertilization mode parameters of sub-regions 1 and 9 are the same, the fertilization mode parameters of sub-regions 2, 3 and 6 are the same or basically the same, and the fertilization mode parameters of sub-regions 4, 7 and 8 are the same or basically the same.

[0127] The optimal fertilization path needs to ensure that subregions 1 and 9 are executed consecutively, subregions 2, 3, and 6 are executed consecutively, and subregions 4, 7, and 8 are executed consecutively.

[0128] Therefore, according to Figure 3 The optimal fertilization path can be: 1→5→9→6→3→2→4→7→8→5. In this process, the number of mode switching is minimized (equal to 3).

[0129] If the conventional fertilization sequence is followed, such as 1→2→3→4→5→6→7→8→9, frequent mode switching will be required. Figure 3 In the example above, the number of mode switches is at least 6. This example does not consider the mode parameter control issue for block 5 (assuming the fertilization mode parameters for block 5 are universal, meaning they don't require special consideration (because block 5 is located in the middle of the plot). If we consider that block 5 itself may have special mode parameter requirements, the actual situation with the conventional fertilization sequence might be worse.

[0130] Therefore, based on Figures 1-3As can be seen from the embodiments or principle descriptions, compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention does not simply treat the area to be fertilized as a whole and then perform related precision fertilization operations. Instead, it fully considers the possible differences in fertilizer requirements of different target areas. The technical solution of the present invention considers the different attribute problems caused by different types of water and fertilizer from the beginning, thereby associating multi-source data information with water and fertilizer types and water and fertilizer execution adaptability conditions. Finally, the water and fertilizer precision execution mode determined by the present invention includes determining the optimal fertilization path. The optimal fertilization path minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer fertilization process. In precise execution, it avoids frequent switching of fertilization parameters (fertilization mode) from affecting the precision fertilization effect.

[0131] Based on the method implementation examples, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main functional units of a water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0132] Figure 4 A water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion is shown. The system includes a weather forecasting unit, a sensor combination unit, and a precision fertilizer execution unit.

[0133] The sensor assembly unit includes a first sensor assembly unit and a second sensor assembly unit;

[0134] The weather forecast unit is used to obtain weather forecast information for a future preset period, and based on the weather forecast information, to determine the water and fertilizer preparation day and the water and fertilizer execution day;

[0135] On the day of water and fertilizer application, the first sensor data of the target fertilization area is collected based on the first sensor combination unit, and the first sensor data is related to the weather forecast information;

[0136] When the difference between the first sensor data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the day of water and fertilizer application is less than a preset threshold, the target fertilization area is divided into multiple fertilization sub-areas.

[0137] Based on multiple sets of second sensor data collected by the second sensor combination unit in multiple fertilization sub-regions, the precision fertilization execution unit determines the precision fertilization execution mode for the fertilization execution day; the determined precision fertilization execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the fertilization process;

[0138] The second sensing data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area; the target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

[0139] The precision fertilization execution unit determines the precision fertilization execution mode for the specified fertilization execution day, specifically including:

[0140] Determine the timing, path, sequence, duration, and ratio of water and fertilizer application for each of the multiple fertilization sub-regions.

[0141] The weather forecast unit is used to obtain weather forecast information for a preset period of time in the future, and based on the weather forecast information, to determine the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer implementation date, specifically including:

[0142] Based on the pre-set water and fertilizer implementation plan, determine the types of water and fertilizer;

[0143] Based on the type of water and fertilizer, determine the appropriate conditions for water and fertilizer application;

[0144] Based on the water and fertilizer adaptability conditions, and based on the weather forecast information, it is determined whether there are suitable water and fertilizer implementation days within the future preset period;

[0145] If so, the water and fertilizer preparation date should be determined at the same time as the water and fertilizer implementation date.

[0146] The first sensor assembly unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, and a light intensity sensor;

[0147] The second sensor assembly unit includes a soil sampling sensor and a leaf image sensor.

[0148] The technical solution of this invention first obtains weather forecast information for a preset future period; based on the weather forecast information, it determines the water and fertilizer preparation day and the water and fertilizer execution day; on the water and fertilizer execution day, it acquires multi-source sensor data collected by multiple sensor combination units in the target fertilization area; based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data, it determines the precise water and fertilizer execution mode for the water and fertilizer execution day. The determined precise water and fertilizer execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer fertilization process. The technical solution of this invention can fully consider the fusion and adaptability of multi-source data such as weather, the type and adaptability of water and fertilizer, and environmental conditions, thereby scientifically formulating a precise fertilization mode. By using advanced artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and communication technologies, water and fertilizer fertilization decisions become more scientific, efficient, timely, and precise, while avoiding the residual fertilizer output impact of switching precise fertilization modes in different areas.

[0149] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, preferred and more common product embodiments may also be an electronic device, particularly a terminal electronic device, comprising: a memory and one or more processors. The memory stores one or more application programs adapted to be executed by the one or more processors to implement the aforementioned water and fertilizer precision execution method based on multi-source data fusion.

[0150] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, further embodiments also include a computer medium storing a computer program that, when executed, implements all or part of the steps of the aforementioned water and fertilizer precision execution method based on multi-source data fusion.

[0151] It is understood that the system, product, equipment, and media implementation examples and method implementations correspond to each other and can be referenced by each other, and their principles are similar or the same, so they will not be elaborated again.

[0152] Other technologies, principles, algorithms, or models not elaborated in detail in this application can be found in the prior art.

[0153] The foregoing has shown and described the method embodiments and systems of the present invention, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for precise water and fertilizer application based on multi-source data fusion, the method being implemented using a combination of multiple sensor units, characterized in that... The method includes the following steps: S1. Obtain weather forecast information for a future preset time period; S2. Based on the weather forecast information, determine the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer implementation date, specifically including: Based on the pre-set water and fertilizer implementation plan, determine the types of water and fertilizer; Based on the type of water and fertilizer, determine the appropriate conditions for water and fertilizer application; Based on the water and fertilizer adaptability conditions, and based on the weather forecast information, it is determined whether there are suitable water and fertilizer implementation days within the future preset period; If so, the water and fertilizer preparation date shall be determined at the same time as the water and fertilizer implementation date; S3. On the day of water and fertilizer application, acquire multi-source sensor data collected by the multiple sensor combination units in the target fertilization area; specifically including: Acquire first sensing data collected by the first sensor in the target fertilization area, wherein the first sensing data is related to the weather forecast information; When the difference between the first sensor data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the day of water and fertilizer application is less than a preset threshold, the target fertilization area is divided into multiple fertilization sub-areas. The system acquires multiple sets of second sensor data collected by a second sensor in multiple fertilization sub-regions. The second sensor data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area. The target fertilization object includes soil and plants. S4. Based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source sensor data, determine multiple precise water and fertilizer execution modes for the water and fertilizer execution day; specifically including: Based on the fertilization mode parameters of each fertilization sub-region, the optimal fertilization path for the fertilization area is determined. The optimal fertilization path minimizes the number of mode switching during the water and fertilizer application process. Specifically, fertilization sub-regions with the same or similar fertilization mode parameters are treated as a whole fertilization area. The fertilization mode parameters include fertilization duration, fertilization speed, and water-fertilizer ratio. Determine the fertilization path, water and fertilizer application time, water and fertilizer application duration, and water and fertilizer ratio for each of the multiple fertilization sub-regions.

2. The water and fertilizer precision execution method based on multi-source data fusion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of weather forecast information for a future preset period includes acquiring rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, and sunshine information for the next preset number of days.

3. A water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion, the system implementing the method as described in claim 1, the system comprising a weather forecasting unit, a sensor combination unit, and a precision fertilization execution unit; Its features are, The sensor assembly unit includes a first sensor assembly unit and a second sensor assembly unit; The weather forecast unit is used to obtain weather forecast information for a future preset period, and based on the weather forecast information, to determine the water and fertilizer preparation day and the water and fertilizer execution day; On the day of water and fertilizer application, the first sensor data of the target fertilization area is collected based on the first sensor combination unit, and the first sensor data is related to the weather forecast information; When the difference between the first sensor data and the pre-acquired weather forecast information for the day of water and fertilizer application is less than a preset threshold, the target fertilization area is divided into multiple fertilization sub-areas. Based on multiple sets of second sensor data collected by the second sensor combination unit in multiple fertilization sub-regions, the precision fertilization execution unit determines the precision fertilization execution mode for the fertilization execution day; the determined precision fertilization execution mode includes determining the optimal fertilization path, which minimizes the number of mode switching during the fertilization process; The second sensing data is related to the target fertilization object in the target fertilization area; the target fertilization object includes soil and plants.

4. The water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The precision fertilization execution unit determines the precision fertilization execution mode for the specified fertilization execution day, specifically including: Determine the timing, duration, and ratio of water and fertilizer application for each of the multiple fertilization sub-regions.

5. The water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The weather forecast unit is used to obtain weather forecast information for a preset period of time in the future, and based on the weather forecast information, to determine the water and fertilizer preparation date and the water and fertilizer implementation date, specifically including: Based on the pre-set water and fertilizer implementation plan, determine the types of water and fertilizer; Based on the type of water and fertilizer, determine the appropriate conditions for water and fertilizer application; Based on the water and fertilizer adaptability conditions, and based on the weather forecast information, it is determined whether there are suitable water and fertilizer implementation days within the future preset period; If so, the water and fertilizer preparation date should be determined at the same time as the water and fertilizer implementation date.

6. The water and fertilizer precision execution system based on multi-source data fusion as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first sensor assembly unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, and a light intensity sensor; The second sensor assembly unit includes a soil sampling sensor and a leaf image sensor.

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