All-terrain rear frame processing method and tooling

Abstract

The application discloses a full terrain rear frame machining method, adopts step-by-step welding, splits the whole frame parts into multiple sub-components respectively for welding first, and splices the welded sub-components; the sub-components with low welding precision requirements adopt the line marking mode to determine the welding position, the sub-components with low requirements are positioned and welded by using the self-positioning condition, and the important dimensions and the dimensions with high requirements adopt the tooling auxiliary welding to ensure the welding position. The welding quality is obviously improved, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology, specifically relating to a method and tooling for processing an all-terrain rear frame. Background Technology

[0002] The rear frame of an all-terrain vehicle is large in size and consists of many small parts. It involves many geometric spatial relationships and has large dimensions. Since there is no common reference for welding, it is difficult to ensure the dimensions and the processing is complicated.

[0003] There are problems such as unstable processing quality of all-terrain rear frame, difficulty in guaranteeing required dimensions, low production efficiency, and high production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to provide a method and tooling for processing an all-terrain rear frame.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an all-terrain rear frame processing method, which adopts step welding, in which the entire frame parts are first disassembled into multiple sub-components and welded separately, and the welded sub-components are then spliced ​​together; for sub-components with low welding precision requirements, the welding position is determined by scribing, and for sub-components with low requirements, positioning welding is performed using their own positioning conditions; for important dimensions and dimensions with high requirements, tooling-assisted welding is used to ensure the welding position.

[0006] Furthermore, the rear frame includes a pair of parallel side beams, with sub-components I and II respectively provided at both ends of the side beams, and several sub-components III connected to the upper surfaces of the two side beams.

[0007] Furthermore, the sub-component I includes sub-components I-II and I-III arranged in parallel, and sub-component I-IV is arranged in the middle of sub-components I-II and I-III and is parallel to them. One end of the above three components is connected to a plate-shaped sub-component II, and the lower part of the other end is connected to a remaining component I-3; the side end of the remaining component I-3 is connected to a remaining component I-2, and a remaining component I-1 is also provided on the upper surface of sub-component I-IV.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific welding method is as follows:

[0009] Step 1: Disassemble the rear frame into four parts: sub-component I, sub-component II, sub-component III, and side beams;

[0010] Step 2: Sub-component I is first disassembled into multiple different sub-components, and then the sub-components are combined into a whole. The welding of sub-components II, I-II, I-III, and I-IV is carried out by drawing marking lines at the theoretically correct positions. The remaining components I-1, I-2, and I-3 are welded using the first tooling.

[0011] Step 3: Sub-component II is welded using a second tooling and marking method;

[0012] Step 4: When welding sub-component III, the positioning conditions are used to ensure the mutual relationship and complete the welding;

[0013] Step 5: Position sub-components I, II, and III, along with the side beam, using the third tooling and modular movable tooling to complete spatial dimension calibration and final assembly welding.

[0014] Furthermore, positioning holes are provided at both ends of the sub-component III, and the positioning conditions include, but are not limited to, the holes and contour edges of the part itself.

[0015] A tooling for machining an all-terrain rear frame includes three independent welding fixtures: a first welding fixture, a second welding fixture, and a third welding fixture. The parallelism and position of the tooling itself are set to ensure that the positional relationship of the holes between the welded components meets the requirements.

[0016] Furthermore, the first tooling includes a base plate, a tooling 1-1 disposed on the base plate, a tooling 1-2 disposed above the tooling 1-1, a tooling 1-3 rotatably connected to the tooling 1-2, and a tooling 1-4 vertically disposed at the other end of the tooling 1-3.

[0017] The perpendicular bisectors of fixture 1-1 and fixture 1-2 are on the same vertical line, and fixture 1-2 and fixture 1-3 are perpendicular to each other;

[0018] The base plate is also provided with a long strip-shaped tool 1-7, and L-shaped tool 1-5 and cylindrical tool 1-6 are respectively provided on the side and top of tool 1-7.

[0019] Furthermore, the shape and size of each component of the first tooling are adapted to the required size and shape of the rear frame component I.

[0020] Furthermore, the second tooling includes a base plate, on which a pair of positioning pins are provided, and a positioning post is provided on the side of the positioning pins; the positioning pins pass through the positioning holes on the sub-component II for positioning and welding, and the positioning post passes through the ear holes on the side of the sub-component II for positioning.

[0021] Furthermore, the third tooling includes a tooling 3-1 in the shape of a vertical plate at one end, a columnar tooling 3-3 in front of the tooling 3-1, a tooling 3-2 below the tooling 3-3, a tooling 3-4 and a tooling 3-5 at the front end of the tooling 3-2, and a tooling 3-6 at the other end of the third tooling.

[0022] The positions and distances of tooling 3-1 and tooling 3-3 are adapted to sub-component I;

[0023] Tooling 3-2 and tooling 3-6 are respectively adapted to the holes opened on sub-component II and sub-component III;

[0024] The limiting structures consisting of tooling 3-4 and tooling 3-5 are set in pairs, and the distance between the pairs of limiting structures is adapted to the distance between the two side beams.

[0025] Tooling 3-2, tooling 3-3, tooling 3-5, and tooling 3-6 are movable parts.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. Welding quality is significantly improved. The first tooling positions the holes of sub-component I to ensure coaxiality, while the third tooling's limiting structure constrains the side beam spacing tolerance, preventing overall frame deformation. The modular third tooling, through its movable positioning structure, achieves three-dimensional spatial calibration, ensuring the relative positional accuracy of sub-components I, II, and III.

[0028] 2. Production efficiency is greatly improved and the cycle is shortened by step welding: Sub-components I, II and III are welded independently, reducing the waiting time between processes. Sub-component III adopts self-positioning welding, which does not require additional tooling adjustment and improves local welding efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the all-terrain rear frame structure in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the all-terrain rear frame structure in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the breakdown of the rear frame manufacturing process in this invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of sub-component I in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled sub-component I in this invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first tooling structure;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the frame sub-component I after welding the first tooling of the sub-component;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of neutron component II in this invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second tooling welding sub-component II in this invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of neutron component III in this invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third welding fixture in this invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the welding process using the third welding fixture in this invention;

[0042] In the diagram, 1 - sub-component I; ① - sub-component II; ② - sub-component I-II; ③ - sub-component I-III; ④ - sub-component I-IV; ⑤ - remaining component I-1; ⑥ - remaining component I-2; ⑦ - remaining component I-3;

[0043] 2-Sub-component II; 3-Sub-component III; 4-Side beam; B-Second tooling;

[0044] 3-A-First tooling; A1-Tooling 1-1; A2-Tooling 1-2; A3-Tooling 1-3; A4-Tooling 1-4; A5-Tooling 1-5; A6-Tooling 1-6; A7-Tooling 1-7;

[0045] C-Third tooling; C1-Tooling 3-1; C2-Tooling 3-2; C3-Tooling 3-3; C4-Tooling 3-4; C5-Tooling 3-5; C6-Tooling 3-6. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. All modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

[0047] All-terrain rear frame reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The rear frame includes a pair of parallel side beams 4, with sub-components I1 and II2 respectively at both ends of the side beams 4, and several sub-components III3 connected to the upper surfaces of the two side beams 4.

[0048] The key difficulties lie mainly in the following aspects:

[0049] 1) The required dimensional relationships are complex and the dimensional span is large.

[0050] 2) If the dimensional relationships that need to be guaranteed are not in the same plane, they constitute spatial relationships, which cannot be guaranteed by conventional methods.

[0051] 3) There was no consistent benchmark for the entire construction process during welding.

[0052] Based on the above analysis, and considering the design and manufacturing difficulties of the tooling, in order to ensure that the all-terrain rear frame meets the technical requirements as much as possible, and to minimize the difficulty of welding the rear frame, the difficulty of tooling manufacturing, and the cost of processing, a step-by-step welding method is adopted for the all-terrain rear frame. See details below. Figure 3 .

[0053] II. The specific processing method and operation steps are as follows:

[0054] The overall approach is to disassemble the entire frame into multiple sub-components, weld each sub-component separately, and then assemble these sub-components into a complete rear frame. However, the specific construction process can be divided into the following three methods:

[0055] 1) Marking welding: For parts with low welding precision requirements, marking can be used to simply determine the welding position. This method is not only simple and convenient but also economical.

[0056] 2) Welding using existing conditions: Welding is performed on areas with low requirements and available positioning conditions (such as holes, contour edges, etc.).

[0057] 3) Tooling-assisted welding: For important or high-requirement dimensions, tooling is used to ensure the welding position.

[0058] (I) Processing method for welded rear frame component I1

[0059] Reference Figure 4Sub-component I1 includes sub-components I-II② and I-III③ arranged in parallel. Sub-component I-IV④ is located between and parallel to sub-components I-II② and I-III③. One end of the above three components is connected to a plate-shaped sub-component I-I①, and the lower part of the other end is connected to the remaining component I-3⑦. The side end of the remaining component I-3⑦ is connected to the remaining component I-2⑥. The remaining component I-1⑤ is also provided on the upper surface of sub-component I-IV④. The key points and difficulties are as follows:

[0060] 1) Ensure the positional relationship between the holes on sub-component I-I① and the remaining sub-component I-1⑤, specifically the distance from the outermost large surface of sub-component II to the hole on the remaining sub-component I-①5, and that the central symmetry planes of sub-component I-I① and the remaining sub-component I-①5 are on the same plane.

[0061] 2) Ensure the positional relationship between sub-component I-I① and the hole on the remaining sub-component I-2⑥, specifically the distance from the outermost large surface of sub-component I-I① to the surface where the hole on the remaining sub-component I-2⑥ is located, and the distance between the hole on the remaining sub-component I-2⑥ and the central symmetry plane of sub-component I-I①.

[0062] 3) Ensure the accuracy of the upper hole position of the remaining sub-component I-3⑦.

[0063] Sub-component I1 is mainly welded using a "separate then combine" approach, that is, it is disassembled into multiple different sub-components and then combined into one.

[0064] The processing method is as follows:

[0065] 1. Disassemble sub-component I, see details below. Figure 5

[0066] 2. Sub-components II, I-II, I-III, and I-IV have relatively simple structures and are welded step-by-step by marking lines at the theoretically correct positions. However, sub-component II has a flatness requirement for its large surface, so welding technical parameters such as welding voltage, welding current, and welding speed are adjusted and controlled.

[0067] 2. The key and difficult points mentioned above, 1), 2), and 3), are welded using the first tooling guarantee method.

[0068] Reference Figure 6The first fixture A includes a base plate, a fixture 1-1A1 set on the base plate, a fixture 1-2A2 set above the fixture 1-1, a fixture 1-3A3 rotatably connected to the fixture 1-2A2, and a fixture 1-4A4 vertically set at the other end of the fixture 1-3A3; the perpendicular bisectors of the fixtures 1-1A1 and 1-2A2 are on the same vertical line, and the fixtures 1-2A2 and 1-3A3 are perpendicular to each other; a long strip-shaped fixture 1-7A7 is also set on the base plate, and an L-shaped plate-shaped fixture 1-5A5 and a cylindrical fixture 1-6A6 are respectively set on the side and top of the fixture 1-7.

[0069] Fixtures 1-1A1, I-2A2, 1-3A3, and I-4A4 are used to ensure the positional relationship between sub-component I-I① and the upper hole of the remaining component I-1⑤; fixtures 1-1A1, I-2A2, 1-3A3, and I-5A5 are used to ensure the positional relationship between sub-component I-I① and the upper hole of the remaining component I-2⑥; fixtures 1-6A6 and I-7A7 are used to ensure the accuracy of the upper hole position of I-3, and at the same time, a preliminary check can be made to see whether the machining of I-3 is qualified. The rest is completed by welding using the first fixture A in conjunction with the marking method, see details. Figure 7 .

[0070] (II) Welding of rear frame components II2

[0071] Sub-component II2 is simple to weld, so it can be completed using the second tool B in conjunction with the marking method, such as... Figure 8 and Figure 9 The second fixture B includes a base plate with a pair of positioning pins and a positioning post on the side of each pin. The positioning pins pass through positioning holes on sub-component II2 for positioning and welding, while the positioning post passes through lugs on the side of sub-component II2 for positioning.

[0072] (III) Welding of rear frame components III

[0073] See Figure 10 The rear frame component III3 has through holes at both ends. When welding the rear frame component III3, the holes on the component itself are used to ensure the relationship between the parts and complete the welding.

[0074] (iv) Welding the rear frame sub-components I1, II2, III3, and side beam 4 together to form the rear frame:

[0075] Reference Figure 11The third tooling C includes a plate-shaped tooling 3-1C1 set at one end, a columnar tooling 3-3C3 set in front of tooling 3-1C1, a tooling 3-2C2 set below tooling 3-3C3, tooling 3-4C4 and tooling 3-5C5 set at the front end of tooling 3-2C2, and a tooling 3-6C6 set at the other end of the third tooling C; the positions and distances of tooling 3-1C1 and tooling 3-3C3 are adapted to sub-component I1;

[0076] Tooling 3-2C2 and tooling 3-6C6 are adapted to the holes opened on sub-component II2 and sub-component III3, respectively; the limiting structures formed by tooling 3-4C4 and tooling 3-5C5 are set in pairs, and the distance between the paired limiting structures is adapted to the distance between the two side beams.

[0077] Fixtures 3-1 and 3-3 ensure the position of sub-component I, fixture 3-2 ensures the position of sub-component II, fixture 3-6 ensures the position of sub-component III, and fixtures 3-4 and 3-5 ensure the external dimensions of the two side beams. The remaining positioning is achieved using the pre-designed positioning structure of the fixtures, ensuring the rear frame meets the product design requirements. Figure 12 Furthermore, fixtures 3-2, 3-3, 3-5, and 3-6 are movable parts, making them easy to disassemble after welding.

[0078] The above provides a detailed description of the all-terrain rear frame processing method and tooling provided by this invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the structure and working principle of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A machining fixture for an all-terrain rear frame, the all-terrain rear frame comprising a pair of parallel side beams (4), with sub-component I (1) and sub-component II (2) respectively provided at both ends of the side beams (4), and a plurality of sub-components III (3) connected to the upper surfaces of the two side beams (4), sub-component I (1) comprising parallel sub-components I-II (②) and I-III (③), sub-component I-IV (④) being located in the middle of sub-components I-II (②) and I-III (③) and parallel to them, one end of the above three components being connected to a plate-shaped sub-component II (①), and the lower part of the other end being connected to a remaining component I-3 (⑦); the side end of the remaining component I-3 (⑦) is connected to a remaining component I-2 (⑥), and a remaining component I-1 (⑤) is provided on the upper surface of sub-component I-IV (④), characterized in that: The tooling includes three independent tooling fixtures: the first tooling (A), the second tooling (B), and the third tooling (C). The parallelism and position of the tooling fixtures themselves are set to ensure that the positional relationship of the holes between the welded parts meets the requirements. The first tooling (A) includes a base plate, a tooling 1-1 (A1) disposed on the base plate, a tooling 1-2 (A2) disposed above the tooling 1-1 (A1), a tooling 1-3 (A3) rotatably connected to the tooling 1-2 (A2), and a tooling 1-4 (A4) perpendicularly disposed at the other end of the tooling 1-3 (A3); the perpendicular bisectors of the tooling 1-1 (A1) and the tooling 1-2 (A2) are on the same vertical line, and the tooling 1-2 (A2) and the tooling 1-3 (A3) are perpendicular to each other; a long strip-shaped tooling 1-7 (A7) is also disposed on the base plate, and an L-shaped plate-shaped tooling 1-5 (A5) and a cylindrical tooling 1-6 (A6) are respectively disposed on the side and top ends of the tooling 1-7 (A7); The second tooling (B) includes a base plate, on which a pair of positioning pins are provided, and a positioning post is provided on the side of the positioning pins; the positioning pins pass through the positioning holes on the sub-component II (2) for positioning and welding, and the positioning post passes through the ear holes on the side of the sub-component II (2) for positioning; The third tooling (C) includes a tooling 3-1 (C1) in the shape of a vertical plate at one end, a columnar tooling 3-3 (C3) in front of tooling 3-1 (C1), a tooling 3-2 (C2) below tooling 3-3 (C3), a tooling 3-4 (C4) and a tooling 3-5 (C5) at the front end of tooling 3-2 (C2), and a tooling 3-6 (C6) at the other end of the third tooling (C). The positions and distances of tooling 3-1 (C1) and tooling 3-3 (C3) are adapted to sub-component I (1); tooling 3-2 (C2) and tooling 3-6 (C6) are adapted to the holes opened on sub-component II (2) and sub-component III (3) respectively; the limiting structures formed by tooling 3-4 (C4) and tooling 3-5 (C5) are set in pairs, and the distance between the pairs of limiting structures is adapted to the distance between the two side beams; Tooling 3-2 (C2), tooling 3-3 (C3), tooling 3-5 (C5), and tooling 3-6 (C6) are movable parts.

2. The machining fixture for the all-terrain rear frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape and size of each component of the first tooling (A) are adapted to the required size and shape of the sub-component I (1) of the rear frame.

3. A method for machining an all-terrain rear frame using the machining fixture described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step-by-step welding is adopted, in which the entire frame parts are first disassembled into multiple sub-components and welded separately, and then the welded sub-components are spliced ​​together. For sub-components with low welding precision requirements, the welding position is determined by scribing. For sub-components with low requirements, the positioning conditions are used for positioning welding. For important dimensions and dimensions with high requirements, tooling-assisted welding is used to ensure the welding position.

4. The method for processing an all-terrain rear frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding method is as follows: Step 1: Disassemble the rear frame into four parts: sub-component I (1), sub-component II (2), sub-component III (3), and side beam (4); Step 2: Sub-component I (1) is first disassembled into multiple different sub-components, and then the sub-components are combined into a whole. The welding of sub-components II (①), I-II (②), I-III (③), and I-IV (④) is carried out by drawing marking lines at the theoretically correct positions; the remaining components I-1 (⑤), I-2 (⑥), and I-3 (⑦) are welded using the first fixture (A), specifically: using fixtures 1-1 (A1), 1-2 (A2), 1-3 (A3), and 1-4 (A4) to protect Verify the positional relationship between the holes on sub-component II (①) and the remaining component I-1 (⑤); use fixtures 1-1 (A1), 1-2 (A2), 1-3 (A3), and 1-5 (A5) to ensure the positional relationship between the holes on sub-component II (①) and the remaining component I-2 (⑥); use fixtures 1-6 (A6) and 1-7 (A7) to ensure the accuracy of the position of the holes on the remaining component I-3 (⑦), and at the same time, it can be preliminarily judged whether the processing of the remaining component I-3 (⑦) is qualified. The rest are welded by using the first fixture (A) in conjunction with the line drawing method. Step 3: Sub-component II (2) is welded by using the second tooling (B) in conjunction with the marking method. Specifically, the positioning pin passes through the positioning hole on sub-component II (2) for positioning and welding, and the positioning post passes through the ear hole on the side of sub-component II (2) for positioning. Step 4: When welding sub-component III (3), the welding is completed by ensuring the mutual relationship by utilizing its own positioning conditions; Step 5: Position sub-component I (1), sub-component II (2), sub-component III (3) and side beam (4) using the third tooling (C) through modular movable tooling, complete the spatial dimension calibration and complete the overall assembly welding. Specifically: use tooling 3-1 (C1) and tooling 3-3 (C3) to ensure the position of sub-component I (1), tooling 3-2 (C2) to ensure the position of sub-component II (2), tooling 3-6 (C6) to ensure the position of sub-component III (3), tooling 3-4 (C4) and tooling 3-5 (C5) to ensure the outer dimensions of the two side beams, and use the positioning structure designed by the tooling to complete the positioning of the rest to ensure that the rear frame meets the product design requirements.

5. The method for processing an all-terrain rear frame according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sub-component Ⅲ (3) has positioning holes at both ends, and the positioning conditions include, but are not limited to, the holes and contour edges of the part itself.

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