Melt direct spinning 30d high density light soft special polyester fiber spinning equipment and spinning process

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a melt direct spinning 30D high-density light-soft special polyester fiber spinning equipment and spinning process, comprising a spinneret, the outer peripheral side of the spinneret is fixedly connected with a guide ring, the inner peripheral side of the guide ring is slidably connected with a guide plate, a guide hole is formed on the guide plate, the number of guide holes is the same as the number of spinning holes on the spinneret; a plurality of dynamic limit elements are arranged on the inner peripheral side of the guide ring for limiting the movement of the guide plate. The present disclosure relates to the field of polyester fiber spinning technology. In use, the extruded yarn can be directly cooled on the outside, and a layer of dried film can be formed, and the airflow guide element is further used to guide the yarn and apply a certain force to avoid the phenomenon of shaking of the yarn when it is extruded, so as to ensure that the yarn can be stably extruded and conveyed, and the phenomenon of mutual adhesion can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of polyester fiber spinning technology, specifically relating to melt direct spinning equipment and spinning process for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fibers. Background Technology

[0002] In melt spinning, the steps include preparation of polymer melt → extrusion through spinnerets → cooling of melt streams → winding of nascent fibers, which can quickly form fibers in one go, facilitating subsequent processing.

[0003] During melt spinning, the extruded yarn needs to be cooled in the air duct before being wound up. When cooling in the air duct, the yarn is prone to shaking. 30D high-density, soft yarn has a high yarn density during extrusion, and this shaking can cause the yarn extruded from the spinneret to stick together, which can affect the quality of the yarn after spinning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a special spinning equipment and spinning process for 30D high-density lightweight polyester fiber by melt direct spinning, which can solve the problem that the shaking of the yarn can easily cause the yarn extruded from the spinneret to stick together, which can easily affect the quality of the yarn after spinning.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a special polyester fiber spinning equipment for 30D high-density and soft special melt spinning, including: a spinneret, a guide ring fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the spinneret, a guide plate slidably connected to the inner periphery of the guide ring, and guide holes opened on the guide plate with the same number of guide holes as the spinneret holes on the spinneret.

[0006] The inner circumference of the guide ring is provided with a number of moving limiting members to limit the movement of the guide plate, and the top edge of the guide plate is provided with a number of adsorption positioning members to cooperate with the moving limiting members to limit the guide plate.

[0007] The outer circumference of the guide ring is provided with a number of circular holes, and the bottom of the side wall of the circular holes is provided with an airflow guide for guiding the wire.

[0008] An air injection hole is provided on the side wall of the circular hole and is connected to the adsorption positioning element to control the adsorption force of the adsorption positioning element.

[0009] Furthermore, the moving limiting member includes an inner vertical groove, which is opened on the inner circumference of the guide ring. A limiting plate is rotatably connected to the top of the inner vertical groove. A limiting spring is fixedly connected between the bottom edge of the limiting plate and the inner sidewall of the inner vertical groove. The edge of the limiting plate is in contact with the bottom edge of the guide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the adsorption positioning component includes an inner groove, which is formed on the top side wall of the guide plate. A suction cup is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the inner groove, and the top side of the suction cup is in contact with the bottom side wall of the spinneret.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting groove is provided between the air injection hole and the bottom side wall of the inner groove, and an air hole is provided on the bottom side wall of the suction cup, with the air hole and the connecting groove communicating with each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the airflow guide includes a guide channel, which is opened on the outer periphery of the guide plate. A number of air guide rings are fixedly connected inside the guide plate. Two adjacent air guide rings are connected through a connecting pipe. The outermost air guide ring is connected to the guide channel. Two oblique holes are opened on the side wall of each guide hole, and the oblique holes are connected to the corresponding air guide rings.

[0013] Furthermore, the airflow guide also includes a lowering hole, which is opened at the bottom of the corresponding air injection hole. The lowering hole is connected to the top of the inner vertical groove, and a flexible tube is connected to the bottom of the lowering hole. The bottom end of the flexible tube is fixedly connected to the top end of the limiting plate. A cavity groove communicating with the flexible tube is opened inside the limiting plate, and a side hole corresponding to the guide channel is opened on the side of the limiting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, an annular tube is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the guide ring, the inner periphery of the annular tube communicates with the circular hole, and the outer periphery of the annular tube is connected to the main pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the top sidewall of the suction cup is smaller than the diameter of the inner groove, and the height of the suction cup is higher than the height of the inner sidewall of the inner groove.

[0016] A melt-spinning process for 30D high-density, lightweight, and special polyester fiber, used in the aforementioned melt-spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight, and special polyester fiber.

[0017] The steps of this melt-spinning process for 30D high-density, lightweight, and soft polyester fiber are as follows:

[0018] S101: The molten raw material is extruded from the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, and each extruded filament enters the corresponding guide hole.

[0019] S102: After the wire passes through the guide hole, it guides the airflow into the round hole, releases the positioning of the guide plate, and the guide plate slowly moves to the bottom of the guide ring;

[0020] S103: The airflow passes directly through the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate to cool the extruded filaments, allowing a cooled film to form on the outside of the pre-cooled filaments.

[0021] S104: The position where the thread passes through the guide hole. The sidewall of the guide hole limits the thread and reduces its sway.

[0022] S105: The airflow will also enter the corresponding guide hole from the outer wall of the guide plate and spray out from the oblique hole, so that the downward airflow can guide the thread and make the thread bear the force to avoid bending and shaking.

[0023] S106: The yarn descends into the yarn cooling mechanism, where the yarn is completely cooled;

[0024] S107: Finally, the yarn is guided by the guiding device and wound onto the corresponding take-up roller to complete the spinning process.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. This melt-spinning 30D high-density lightweight polyester fiber spinning equipment allows the outer side of the extruded yarn to be directly cooled during use, forming a dried film. At the same time, the airflow guide further guides the yarn and applies a certain force to prevent the yarn from shaking during extrusion, ensuring stable extrusion and conveying of the yarn and preventing it from sticking together.

[0027] 2. This melt-spinning 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber spinning equipment moves under the guide plate box, and after the guide channel on the guide plate is aligned with the edge hole, refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 8 The airflow in the guide channel will be delivered to the connecting pipe, and then to several air guide rings. The air guide rings will discharge the air from the corresponding oblique holes, so that the airflow can be blown from the guide hole in an oblique downward direction. When the thread is blown downward, it avoids the thread from sticking to the inner wall of the guide hole, thus avoiding long-term friction and affecting the quality of the thread. This achieves the effect of reducing the amplitude of thread swaying.

[0028] 3. This melt-spinning process for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber allows the extruded yarn to cool rapidly and form an outer protective layer. This prevents the extruded yarn from sticking together due to shaking during the subsequent drying process, which would affect the quality of the yarn spinning. This ensures that the yarn can be stably extruded and wound up during the textile production process. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide plate and guide ring of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner side structure of the guide ring of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of section A;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal bottom structure of the guide ring of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the guide plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inclined hole inside the guide plate of the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0038] 1. Spinneret; 2. Guide ring; 3. Guide plate; 4. Guide hole; 5. Motion limiting component; 6. Adsorption positioning component; 7. Round hole; 8. Airflow guide component; 9. Air injection hole; 10. Inner vertical groove; 11. Limiting plate; 12. Limiting spring; 13. Inner groove; 14. Suction cup; 15. Connecting groove; 16. Air hole; 17. Guide channel; 18. Air guide ring; 19. Connecting pipe; 20. Angled hole; 21. Lowering hole; 22. Flexible tube; 23. Cavity groove; 24. Side hole; 25. Annular tube; 26. Main pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] See also Figures 1-8 As shown, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a special polyester fiber spinning device for melt direct spinning of 30D high density and softness is provided, including: a spinneret 1, a guide ring 2 fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the spinneret 1, a guide plate 3 slidably connected to the inner periphery of the guide ring 2, and guide holes 4 opened on the guide plate 3 in the same number as the spinneret holes on the spinneret 1.

[0044] A number of movable limiting members 5 are provided on the inner circumference side of the guide ring 2 to limit the movement of the guide plate 3. A number of adsorption positioning members 6 are provided on the top side of the guide plate 3 to cooperate with the movable limiting members 5 to limit the guide plate 3.

[0045] The outer periphery of the guide ring 2 is provided with a number of circular holes 7, and the bottom of the side wall of the circular holes 7 is provided with an airflow guide 8 for guiding the wire.

[0046] An air injection hole 9 is provided on the side wall of the circular hole 7 and is connected to the adsorption positioning element 6 to control the adsorption force of the adsorption positioning element 6.

[0047] In this embodiment, reference Figure 1 The spinneret 1 is fixedly installed on the melting mechanism in the melt spinning equipment. When the melting mechanism extrudes the molten polyester fibers inside, they will be extruded from the spinneret holes on the spinneret 1. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and 5 The top sidewall of the guide plate 3 is attached to the bottom sidewall of the spinneret 1, and the guide hole 4 corresponds to the position of the corresponding spinneret hole on the spinneret 1, so that each wire can pass through the corresponding guide hole 4.

[0048] After the wire passes through guide hole 4, refer to Figure 2Using the set circular hole 7 and air injection hole 9, the positioning of the guide plate 3 by the adsorption positioning component 6 is released, so that the guide plate 3 can descend by its own gravity. The set dynamic limiting component 5 limits the guide plate 3 to prevent the guide plate 3 from descending too fast. Then, the airflow guide component 8 is used to perform preliminary surface cooling on the freshly extruded filaments to form an external protective film, thereby preventing the filaments from sticking together due to shaking. At the same time, the airflow guide component 8 applies airflow downward to the filaments extending into the guide hole 4, so that the filaments reduce the shaking amplitude.

[0049] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the moving limiting member 5 includes an inner vertical groove 10, which is opened on the inner circumference of the guide ring 2. A limiting plate 11 is rotatably connected to the top of the inner vertical groove 10. A limiting spring 12 is fixedly connected between the bottom edge of the limiting plate 11 and the inner sidewall of the inner vertical groove 10. The edge of the limiting plate 11 is in contact with the bottom edge of the guide plate 3. The adsorption positioning member includes an inner groove 13, which is opened on the top sidewall of the guide plate 3. A suction cup 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom sidewall of the inner groove 13. The top side of the suction cup 14 is in contact with the bottom sidewall of the spinneret 1. A connecting groove 15 is opened between the air injection hole 9 and the bottom sidewall of the inner groove 13. An air hole 16 is opened on the bottom sidewall of the suction cup 14. The air hole 16 is in communication with the connecting groove 15. The diameter of the top sidewall of the suction cup 14 is smaller than the diameter of the inner groove 13, and the height of the suction cup 14 is higher than the height of the inner sidewall of the inner groove 13.

[0050] In this embodiment, reference Figures 3-4 A number of inner vertical grooves 10 are opened on the inner circumferential side of the guide ring 2. The inner top side of the inner vertical groove 10 is rotatably connected to the limiting plate 11, and the bottom side of the limiting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the inner vertical groove 10 by a limiting spring 12. A suction cup 14 is fixedly connected in the inner groove 13 opened on the top side of the guide plate 3.

[0051] The guide plate 3 is initially positioned by using a suction cup 14 to adhere to the bottom side wall of the spinneret 1. At the same time, the limiting spring 12 pushes the limiting plate 11 to rotate, so that the side of the limiting plate 11 is attached to and abuts against the bottom edge of the guide plate 3. The force of the limiting plate 11 abutting against the guide plate 3 plus the force of the suction cup 14 adhering to the bottom side wall of the spinneret 1 can limit the guide plate 3, so that the top side wall of the guide plate 3 can fit against the bottom side wall of the spinneret 1. This allows the spinneret holes on the spinneret 1 to squeeze the yarn into the guide hole 4, which is convenient for subsequent guidance of the yarn.

[0052] After the thread passes through the guide hole 4, the guide plate 3 needs to be moved to the position of the inner bottom side wall of the guide ring 2. Then, an air pump is set on the outside of the device to deliver gas to the corresponding air injection hole 9. In addition, a one-way valve is set at the position where the connecting groove 15 connects with the air injection hole 9. Therefore, when the air pump delivers gas to the air injection hole 9, the airflow is delivered from the position of the one-way valve to the connecting groove 15, and then to the air hole 16, so that the suction cup 14 is injected with gas and the suction cup 14 is released from its adsorption state.

[0053] After the guide plate 3 loses the suction cup 14's adsorption and positioning, it will move downwards due to gravity. The limiting plate 11 will be gradually squeezed as the guide plate 3 slides downwards until the guide plate 3 is squeezed into a vertical state. At this time, the guide plate 3 is prevented from moving quickly to the bottom of the guide ring 2, thereby pulling and breaking the filament. Then, a gap is left between the guide plate 3 and the spinneret 1, and the air injection hole 9 will blow air into the extruded filament to cool it. This allows the filament to form a protective film when it is extruded in the initial state, thereby protecting the filament and preventing deformation or sticking of the filament.

[0054] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, such as Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the airflow guide 8 includes a guide channel 17, which is opened on the outer periphery of the guide plate 3. A number of air guide rings 18 are fixedly connected inside the guide plate 3. Two adjacent air guide rings 18 are connected through connecting pipes 19. The outermost air guide ring 18 is connected to the guide channel 17. Two oblique holes 20 are opened on the side wall of each guide hole 4. The oblique holes 20 are connected to the corresponding air guide rings 18. The airflow guide 8 also includes a lowering hole 21, which is opened at the bottom of the corresponding air injection hole 9. The lowering hole 21 is connected to the top of the inner vertical groove 10. The bottom of the lowering hole 21 is connected to a flexible tube 22. The bottom end of the flexible tube 22 is fixedly connected to the top end of the limiting plate 11. The limiting plate 11 has a cavity 23 that communicates with the flexible tube 22 inside. The side of the limiting plate 11 has a side hole 24 corresponding to the guide channel 17.

[0055] In this embodiment, reference Figure 3 In the airflow guide 8, when the air pump injects air into the air injection hole 9, it also injects air into the discharge hole 21. A one-way valve is installed at the injection end of the discharge hole 21. After the air is injected into the discharge hole 21, the air enters the flexible tube 22 and is injected into the cavity 23 through the flexible tube 22 and discharged from the side hole 24.

[0056] When the wire is discharged from the guide hole 4, the air discharged from the side hole 24 can be used to blow the airflow to the wire to further cool it down and reduce the temperature of the wire when it is transported into the air-cooling channel, which helps to improve the cooling efficiency.

[0057] After the guide plate 3 moves downward and the guide channel 17 on the guide plate 3 aligns with the side hole 24, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8 The airflow in the guide channel 17 will be delivered to the connecting pipe 19, and then to several air guide rings 18. The air guide rings 18 will discharge air from the corresponding oblique holes 20, so that the airflow can be blown from the guide hole 4 in an oblique downward direction. When the thread is blown downward, it is prevented from sticking to the inner wall of the guide hole 4, thus avoiding long-term friction and affecting the quality of the thread. This achieves the effect of reducing the amplitude of thread swaying.

[0058] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, an annular tube 25 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the guide ring 2, the inner periphery of the annular tube 25 is connected to the circular hole 7, and the outer periphery of the annular tube 25 is connected to the main pipe 26.

[0059] In this embodiment, reference Figure 1 The outer periphery of the guide ring 2 is fixedly connected to the annular tube 25, and the outer periphery of the annular tube 25 is connected to the main pipe 26. The main pipe 26 is connected to an external air pump to facilitate the supply of air, while the annular tube 25 is connected to the guide channel 17 so that air can be injected into the round hole 7 to facilitate the subsequent extrusion of the filament.

[0060] In addition, when the guide plate 3 is transported to its original position, the remaining filaments are removed. Then, the guide plate 3 is pushed upward so that the suction cup 14 can re-adhere to the bottom side of the spinneret 1. The air injection hole 9 has a one-way valve to prevent gas leakage.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] According to another aspect of the present invention, a process for spinning 30D high-density, lightweight, and soft special polyester fibers by melt direct spinning is provided;

[0063] The steps of this melt-spinning process for 30D high-density, lightweight, and soft polyester fiber are as follows:

[0064] S101: The molten raw material is extruded from the spinneret 1 through the spinneret hole, and each extruded filament enters the corresponding guide hole 4.

[0065] S102: After the silk thread passes through the guide hole 4, it guides the airflow into the round hole 7, releases the positioning of the guide plate 3, and the guide plate 3 slowly moves to the bottom of the guide ring 2.

[0066] S103: The airflow passes directly through the spinneret 1 to the spinneret hole, cooling the extruded filament and forming a cooled film on the outside of the initially cooled filament.

[0067] S104: The position where the thread passes through the guide hole 4. The side wall of the guide hole 4 restricts the thread and reduces its sway.

[0068] S105: The airflow will also enter the corresponding guide hole 4 from the outer wall of the guide plate and spray out from the position of the inclined hole 20, so that the downward airflow can guide the thread and make the thread bear the force to avoid bending and shaking.

[0069] S106: The yarn descends into the yarn cooling mechanism, where the yarn is completely cooled;

[0070] S107: Finally, the yarn is guided by the guiding device and wound onto the corresponding take-up roller to complete the spinning process.

[0071] In this embodiment, when the process is used, the extruded yarn can be quickly cooled to form an outer protective layer, which prevents the freshly extruded yarn from sticking together due to shaking during the subsequent air drying process, thus affecting the quality of the yarn weaving. This ensures that the yarn can be stably extruded and finally wound up during the textile production process.

[0072] Working principle: The guide plate 3 is initially positioned by using the suction cup 14 to adhere to the bottom side wall of the spinneret 1. At the same time, the limiting spring 12 pushes the limiting plate 11 to rotate, so that the side of the limiting plate 11 is attached to and abuts against the bottom edge of the guide plate 3. The force of the limiting plate 11 abutting against the guide plate 3, plus the force of the suction cup 14 adhering to the bottom side wall of the spinneret 1, can limit the guide plate 3, so that the top side wall of the guide plate 3 can adhere to the bottom side wall of the spinneret 1. This allows the spinneret holes on the spinneret 1 to squeeze the yarn into the guide hole 4, which is convenient for subsequent guidance of the yarn.

[0073] After the thread passes through the guide hole 4, the guide plate 3 needs to be moved to the position of the inner bottom side wall of the guide ring 2. Then, an air pump is set on the outside of the device to deliver gas to the corresponding air injection hole 9. In addition, a one-way valve is set at the position where the connecting groove 15 connects with the air injection hole 9. Therefore, when the air pump delivers gas to the air injection hole 9, the airflow is delivered from the position of the one-way valve to the connecting groove 15, and then to the air hole 16, so that the suction cup 14 is injected with gas and the suction cup 14 is released from its adsorption state.

[0074] After the guide plate 3 loses the suction cup 14 for positioning, it will move downward due to gravity. The limiting plate 11 will be gradually squeezed as the guide plate 3 slides downward until the guide plate 3 is squeezed into a vertical state. At this time, the guide plate 3 will avoid moving quickly to the bottom of the guide ring 2, thereby pulling and breaking the filament. Then, a gap is left between the guide plate 3 and the spinneret 1. The air injection hole 9 will blow air into the extruded filament to cool it, so that the filament can form a protective film when it is extruded in the initial state, thereby protecting the filament and preventing the filament from deforming or sticking together.

[0075] In the airflow guide 8, when the air pump injects air into the air injection hole 9, it also injects air into the discharge hole 21. A one-way valve is installed at the injection end of the discharge hole 21. After the air is injected into the discharge hole 21, the air enters the flexible tube 22 and is injected into the cavity 23 through the flexible tube 22 and discharged from the side hole 24.

[0076] When the wire is discharged from the guide hole 4, the air discharged from the side hole 24 can be used to blow the airflow to the wire to further cool it down and reduce the temperature of the wire when it is transported into the air-cooling channel, which helps to improve the cooling efficiency.

[0077] After the guide plate 3 moves downward and the guide channel 17 on the guide plate 3 aligns with the side hole 24, the airflow in the guide channel 17 will be delivered to the connecting pipe 19, and then to several air guide rings 18. The air guide rings 18 will then discharge the air from the corresponding oblique holes 20, so that the airflow can be blown from the guide hole 4 in an oblique downward direction. When the thread is blown downward, it is prevented from sticking to the inner wall of the guide hole 4, thus avoiding long-term friction and affecting the quality of the thread. This achieves the effect of reducing the amplitude of thread swaying.

[0078] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0079] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber using melt direct spinning, characterized in that: include: A spinneret (1) is fixedly connected to a guide ring (2) on its outer periphery and a guide plate (3) is slidably connected to the inner periphery of the guide ring (2). The guide plate (3) has guide holes (4) with the same number of spinneret holes as the spinneret (1). A number of movable limiting members (5) are provided on the inner circumference side of the guide ring (2) to limit the movement of the guide plate (3). A number of adsorption positioning members (6) are provided on the top side of the guide plate (3) to cooperate with the movable limiting members (5) to limit the guide plate (3). The guide ring (2) has a number of circular holes (7) on its outer periphery. An airflow guide (8) is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the circular hole (7) to guide the silk thread. An air injection hole (9) is provided on the side wall of the round hole (7) and is connected to the adsorption positioning element (6) to control the adsorption force of the adsorption positioning element (6); The moving limiting member (5) includes an inner vertical groove (10), which is opened on the inner circumferential side of the guide ring (2). A limiting plate (11) is rotatably connected to the top of the inner vertical groove (10). A limiting spring (12) is fixedly connected between the bottom edge of the limiting plate (11) and the inner sidewall of the inner vertical groove (10). The edge of the limiting plate (11) is in contact with the bottom edge of the guide plate (3). The airflow guide (8) includes a guide channel (17), which is opened on the outer periphery of the guide plate (3). A number of air guide rings (18) are fixedly connected inside the guide plate (3). Two adjacent air guide rings (18) are connected through a connecting pipe (19). The outermost air guide ring (18) is connected to the guide channel (17). Two oblique holes (20) are opened on the side wall of each guide hole (4). The oblique holes (20) are connected to the corresponding air guide ring (18).

2. The melt-spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption positioning component (6) includes an inner groove (13), which is opened on the top side wall of the guide plate (3). A suction cup (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the inner groove (13), and the top side of the suction cup (14) is in contact with the bottom side wall of the spinneret (1).

3. The melt-spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A connecting groove (15) is provided between the air injection hole (9) and the bottom side wall of the inner groove (13), and an air hole (16) is provided on the bottom side wall of the suction cup (14). The air hole (16) and the connecting groove (15) are connected to each other.

4. The melt-spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The airflow guide (8) also includes a lowering hole (21), which is opened at the bottom of the corresponding air injection hole (9). The lowering hole (21) is connected to the top of the inner vertical groove (10). The bottom of the lowering hole (21) is connected to a flexible tube (22). The bottom end of the flexible tube (22) is fixedly connected to the top end of the limiting plate (11). The limiting plate (11) has a cavity (23) that communicates with the flexible tube (22) inside. The side of the limiting plate (11) has a side hole (24) that corresponds to the guide channel (17).

5. The melt-spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the guide ring (2) is fixedly connected to an annular tube (25), the inner periphery of the annular tube (25) is connected to the circular hole (7), and the outer periphery of the annular tube (25) is connected to the main pipe (26).

6. The melt-spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the top sidewall of the suction cup (14) is smaller than the diameter of the inner groove (13), and the height of the suction cup (14) is higher than the height of the inner sidewall of the inner groove (13).

7. A melt-spinning process for 30D high-density, lightweight, and soft polyester fibers, characterized in that... The spinning equipment for 30D high-density, lightweight polyester fiber using melt direct spinning according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: S101: The molten raw material is extruded from the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate, and each extruded filament enters the corresponding guide hole. S102: After the wire passes through the guide hole, it guides the airflow into the round hole, releases the positioning of the guide plate, and the guide plate slowly moves to the bottom of the guide ring; S103: The airflow passes directly through the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate to cool the extruded filaments, allowing a cooled film to form on the outside of the pre-cooled filaments. S104: The position where the thread passes through the guide hole. The sidewall of the guide hole limits the thread and reduces its sway. S105: The airflow will also enter the corresponding guide hole from the outer wall of the guide plate and spray out from the oblique hole, so that the downward airflow can guide the thread and make the thread bear the force to avoid bending and shaking. S106: The yarn descends into the yarn cooling mechanism, where the yarn is completely cooled; S107: Finally, the yarn is guided by the guiding device and wound onto the corresponding take-up roller to complete the spinning process.

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