A special hoisting construction method for a shield machine

Abstract

The application provides a shield machine hoisting special construction method. The method comprises the following steps: shield machine main machine assembly preparation, shield body block assembly, main drive installation, rice-shaped beam installation, shield body internal equipment installation, cutterhead welding and assembly, segment assembling machine and walking beam installation, final installation and rounding of shield tail, and the like. The method comprehensively considers the characteristics of each component of the shield machine and various influencing factors in the construction process, and can efficiently and accurately complete the hoisting operation of the shield machine. In the construction process, the operation is strictly carried out according to the requirements of each step, such as accurate positioning and welding of anti-skid blocks during shield body block assembly, reasonable use of turnover frame and hoisting frame during main drive installation, and the like. Through the construction method of the application, the problems such as complicated assembly, difficult to guarantee precision, high safety risk and low construction efficiency in the traditional shield machine hoisting construction method are overcome, and reliable technical support and reference basis are provided for the application of the shield machine in the field of tunnel construction and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, and in particular to a special construction method for TBM hoisting. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing demand for underground space development, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are playing an increasingly important role in engineering fields such as tunnel construction. However, traditional TBM hoisting methods face numerous challenges. In the current technological context, TBMs, as large-scale underground construction equipment, are structurally complex, enormous in size, and incredibly heavy. TBM hoisting operations involve multiple stages. Each stage requires highly specialized skills and meticulous operation; even the slightest mistake can lead to serious safety accidents.

[0003] Traditional methods for hoisting tunnel boring machines have some significant shortcomings in practical applications:

[0004] A. The assembly process is quite complicated, and it is difficult to ensure that each step is carried out accurately.

[0005] B. There are significant safety risks during the hoisting process. Due to the enormous weight of the tunnel boring machine, the requirements for hoisting equipment are extremely high. Traditional hoisting equipment and techniques may not be able to meet the safety requirements, and dangerous situations such as hoisting rope breakage and equipment tilting may easily occur.

[0006] C. Traditional methods also have relatively low construction efficiency. The entire hoisting process takes a significant amount of time, often several days or even longer from the preparation of the main machine to the installation of the tail shield. This not only increases project costs but may also lead to delays and affect the overall project schedule. Moreover, traditional tunnel boring machine hoisting methods are particularly difficult to handle in complex construction environments, further increasing the difficulty and risk of construction.

[0007] In conclusion, in order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional tunnel boring machine (TBM) hoisting methods and improve the safety, accuracy, and efficiency of construction, there is an urgent need for an innovative TBM hoisting method. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special construction method for the hoisting of tunnel boring machines to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows: a special construction method for hoisting a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The TBM includes a cutterhead, a shield body, a star-shaped beam, and a main drive. The star-shaped beam is located inside the shield body. The shield body includes a front and middle shield and a tail shield connected in sequence. The shield body blocks of the front and middle shield are sequentially divided in the circumferential direction into a top arch block, a first adjacent block, a first standard block, a second adjacent block, a bottom arch block, a third adjacent block, a second standard block, and a fourth adjacent block. These blocks are connected in series to form a closed loop. The cutterhead is connected to the main drive, and the main drive is connected to the front and middle shield. The star-shaped beam includes an outer large ring beam and an inner small ring beam. The outer large ring beam is fixedly connected to the inner small ring beam through a connecting support frame. The outer large ring beam is fixedly connected to the front and middle shield, and both the front and middle shield and the outer large ring beam are movably connected to a second support mechanism. The inner small ring beam is movably connected to the main drive. The special construction method for hoisting a TBM includes the following steps:

[0010] 1) Preparation for the assembly of the tunnel boring machine (TBM).

[0011] 2) Bottom arch segment assembly. The bottom arch segments are placed on the shield support fixture. The upper part of the shield support fixture is arc-shaped. The shield support fixture can be disassembled into several spaced-apart reaction frame bottom blocks.

[0012] 3) Assemble the second and third adjacent blocks.

[0013] 4) Main driver installation.

[0014] 5) Installation of the cross beam.

[0015] 6) Assemble the first standard block and the second standard block.

[0016] 7) Installation of equipment inside the shield.

[0017] 8) Cutter head welding and assembly.

[0018] 9) Installation of the segment assembly machine.

[0019] 10) Final installation and adjustment of the tail shield.

[0020] Furthermore, step 1) includes sub-steps such as steel structure construction, lug processing, and tilting frame assembly.

[0021] Further, in step 2), the bottom arch is hoisted into the underground launching frame in sections, ensuring that the cutting ring is 2700mm from the front end of the launching guide platform and aligned with the axis of the launching frame. After welding the anti-blocking block, it is welded to the base.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3), the second and third adjacent blocks are connected to the bottom arch block, the position is adjusted with an electric hoist, the bolts are tightened, and I-beams are welded on the outside to prevent rotation.

[0023] Further, before step 5), clean and remove rust and oil stains from the connection surface between the cross beam and the shield body, and tighten all the connecting bolts of the cross beam with a pneumatic wrench.

[0024] Furthermore, the internal equipment of the shield includes sewage discharge equipment, hydraulic pipelines and various control valve blocks in the shield and pressure chamber, main bearing lubrication system, cooling water circulation pipeline, industrial gas pipeline, shield tail sealing grease distribution system, various control power circuits, lighting, and operating platforms and stairs at all levels.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 8), the cutterhead is welded, test-lifted, and flipped before being lowered into the well.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 9), the segment assembly machine includes a traveling beam, a rotating frame, a counterweight, and a vacuum suction cup.

[0027] Furthermore, the tail shield includes a left tail portion, a right tail portion, a bottom tail block, and a top tail block.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 10), the tail shield is adjusted to make its roundness consistent with that of the front and middle shields.

[0029] The technical advantages of this invention are undeniable: it comprehensively considers the impact of factors such as the assembly precision of various components of the tunnel boring machine (TBM), construction safety, and complex environments, enabling efficient and accurate completion of TBM hoisting operations. This overcomes the problems of cumbersome assembly, difficulty in guaranteeing precision, high safety risks, and low construction efficiency inherent in traditional construction methods. The specialized TBM hoisting construction method proposed in this invention further enhances the technical level of TBM hoisting construction, providing technical support and reference for the application of TBMs in tunnel construction and other engineering fields. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the shield tunneling process.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) main unit.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shield body being divided into sections;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the shield body being assembled in sections;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented hoisting of the bottom arch;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the installation of the second and third adjacent blocks;

[0036] Figure 7 Elevation view of the main drive hoisting and lowering into the well;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the left and right sides of the shield tail.

[0038] In the diagram: Top inverted arch block 1, first adjacent block 2, first standard block 3, second adjacent block 4, bottom inverted arch block 5, third adjacent block 6, second standard block 7, fourth adjacent block 8, cutterhead 9, main drive 10, tail shield 11, shield support fixture 12, segment assembly machine 13. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 This embodiment provides a special construction method for the hoisting of a tunnel boring machine. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes a cutterhead 9, a shield body, a crossbeam, and a main drive unit 10. The crossbeam is located inside the shield body. The shield body includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a tail shield 11 connected in sequence. (See also...) Figure 3 The shield body of the front and middle shield is divided into blocks in the circumferential direction, including, in sequence, a top inverted arch block 1, a first adjacent block 2, a first standard block 3, a second adjacent block 4, a bottom inverted arch block 5, a third adjacent block 6, a second standard block 7, and a fourth adjacent block 8. These blocks are connected in series to form a closed loop. The cutterhead 9 is connected to the main drive 10, and the main drive 10 is connected to the front and middle shield. The crossbeam includes an outer large ring beam and an inner small ring beam. The outer large ring beam is fixedly connected to the inner small ring beam via a connecting support frame. The outer large ring beam is fixedly connected to the front and middle shield, and both the front and middle shield and the outer large ring beam are movably connected to the second support mechanism. The inner small ring beam is movably connected to the main drive. The special construction method for shield machine hoisting includes the following steps:

[0042] 1) Preparation for the assembly of the tunnel boring machine (TBM).

[0043] 2) Assembly of the bottom arch segment 5. The bottom arch segment 5 rests on the shield support fixture 12. The upper part of the shield support fixture 12 is arc-shaped. The shield support fixture 12 can be disassembled into several spaced reaction frame bottom blocks.

[0044] 3) Assemble the second adjacent block 4 and the third adjacent block 6.

[0045] 4) Install the main driver 10.

[0046] 5) Installation of the cross beam.

[0047] 6) Assemble the first standard block 3 and the second standard block 7.

[0048] 7) Installation of equipment inside the shield.

[0049] 8) Welding and assembly of cutter head 9.

[0050] 9) Install the segment assembly machine 13.

[0051] 10) Final installation and adjustment of tail shield 11.

[0052] This embodiment comprehensively considers the characteristics of each component of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) and various influencing factors during construction, enabling efficient and accurate TBM hoisting operations. During construction, strict adherence to the requirements of each step is maintained, such as precise positioning and welding of anti-slip blocks during the segmented assembly of the shield body, and the proper use of tilting frames and hoisting frames during the main drive installation. This construction method overcomes the problems of cumbersome assembly, difficulty in ensuring accuracy, high safety risks, and low construction efficiency inherent in traditional TBM hoisting methods, providing reliable technical support and reference for the application of TBMs in tunnel construction and other engineering fields.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] The main content of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1. Step 1) includes sub-steps such as the main steel structure of the tunnel boring machine, the processing of the lifting lugs, the assembly of the tilting frame, the electrical installation of the tunnel boring machine area, the heater insulation box, the installation of the air compressor and crane equipment in the shield assembly area.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] The main content of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1 or 2, wherein, see [link / reference]. Figure 5 Step 2) Assemble the bottom invert arch block 5, position it underground 2700mm from the front end of the launching guide platform, align it with the axis of the launching frame, insert a steel plate at the rear, weld the anti-slip block after positioning, adjust its posture to be consistent with the tunnel axis, weld it to the base after position adjustment, and remove the lifting lugs. Before lowering the front and middle shields, weld a small steel plate at the contact position between the tail and the guide rail, and cut it off before entering the launching water-stop ring.

[0057] Example 4:

[0058] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein, see [link / reference]. Figure 6 In step 3), the second adjacent segment 4 and the third adjacent segment 6 are connected to the bottom arch segment 5. Their positions are adjusted using an electric hoist, and the bolts are tightened. I-beams are welded to the outer sides to prevent rotation. See also... Figure 7 In step 4), disconnect the pipeline, install the tilting frame and hoisting frame, lower the main drive into the well, and remove the tooling after it has settled.

[0059] Example 5:

[0060] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 4. However, before step 5), the connecting surfaces of the cross beam and the shield body are cleaned, rust removed, and oil stains removed. All connecting bolts of the cross beam are then tightened using a pneumatic wrench. Step 6) Before hoisting, the surface is degreased, cleaned, and polished. Positioning pins and sealing strips are installed, temporary lifting lugs are removed, and the contact surfaces are polished.

[0061] Example 6:

[0062] The main contents of this embodiment are the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 5. The internal equipment of the shield body includes sewage discharge equipment, hydraulic pipelines and various control valve blocks in the shield body and pressure chamber, main bearing lubrication system, cooling water circulation pipeline, industrial gas pipeline, shield tail sealing grease distribution system, various control power circuits, lighting, and various operating platforms and stairs.

[0063] Example 7:

[0064] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 6. In step 8), the cutterhead 9 is hoisted into the well after welding, trial hoisting and flipping.

[0065] Example 8:

[0066] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 7. In step 9), the segment assembly machine 13 includes a traveling beam, a rotating frame, a balance block, and a vacuum suction cup.

[0067] Example 9:

[0068] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the tail shield 11 includes a left tail portion, a right tail portion, a bottom tail block, and a top tail block. See also Figure 8 In step 10), install the left and right shield tails. Before hoisting, weld bolts and supporting steel plates on the ground. After hoisting from two points down into the well and connecting them, spot weld and tighten the bolts. Hoist the fourth shield from four points down into the well and connect it, then spot weld it in place. Due to assembly errors, adjust the roundness by welding L-shaped steel plates. Use hydraulic cylinders to push steel wedges to make the roundness of the shield tail consistent with the front and middle shield bodies. Adjust and intermittently weld to maintain parallelism.

Claims

1. A specialized construction method for hoisting a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine includes a cutterhead (9), a shield body, a cross beam, and a main drive (10); the cross beam is located inside the shield body; the shield body includes a front and middle shield and a tail shield connected in sequence; the shield body of the front and middle shield is divided into blocks in the circumferential direction, including a top inverted arch block (1), a first adjacent block (2), a first standard block (3), a second adjacent block (4), a bottom inverted arch block (5), a third adjacent block (6), a second standard block (7), and a fourth adjacent block (8); each block is connected in series to form a closed loop; the tail shield... The shield (11) includes a left tail section, a right tail section, a bottom tail block, and a top tail block; the cutterhead (9) is connected to the main drive (10), and the main drive (10) is connected to the front and middle shields; the cross beam includes an outer ring beam and an inner ring beam; the outer ring beam is fixedly connected to the inner ring beam via a connecting support frame; the outer ring beam is fixedly connected to the front and middle shields, and both the front and middle shields and the outer ring beams are movably connected to the second support mechanism, while the inner ring beams are movably connected to the main drive; the shield machine hoisting special construction method includes the following steps: 1) Preparation for the assembly of the tunnel boring machine (TBM); 2) Assembly of the bottom arch segment (5); hoist the bottom arch segment (5) to the underground launching frame, ensuring that the cut ring distance is 2700mm from the front end of the launching guide and is aligned with the axis of the launching frame; after positioning, weld the anti-slip block between the bottom arch segment (5) and the launching frame; after the position is adjusted, weld the bottom arch segment (5) to the base; wherein, the bottom arch segment (5) is placed on the shield support fixture (12); the upper part of the shield support fixture (12) is arc-shaped; the shield support fixture (12) can be disassembled into several spaced reaction frame bottom blocks; 3) Assemble the second adjacent block (4) and the third adjacent block (6); 4) Install the main driver (10); 5) Installation of the cross beams; 6) Assemble the first standard block (3) and the second standard block (7); 7) Installation of equipment inside the shield; 8) Cutter head (9) Welding and assembly; 9) Installation of the segment assembly machine (13); 10) Final installation and adjustment of the tail shield (11).

2. The special construction method for shield tunneling machine hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1) includes the sub-steps of steel structure construction, lug fabrication, and tilting frame assembly.

3. The special construction method for shield tunneling machine hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the second adjacent segment (4) and the third adjacent segment (6) are respectively connected to the bottom arch segment (5), the position of each segment is adjusted by an electric hoist, bolts are installed and tightened, and I-beams are welded to the outside of each segment to prevent rotation.

4. The special construction method for shield tunneling machine hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before step 5), clean and remove rust and oil stains from the connection surface between the cross beam and the shield body, and tighten all the connecting bolts of the cross beam with a pneumatic wrench.

5. The special construction method for shield tunneling machine hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal equipment of the shield includes sewage discharge equipment, hydraulic pipelines and various control valve blocks in the shield and pressure chamber, main bearing lubrication system, cooling water circulation pipeline, industrial gas pipeline, shield tail sealing grease distribution system, various control power circuits, lighting, and operating platforms and stairs at all levels.

6. The special construction method for shield tunneling machine hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 8), the cutterhead (9) is welded, test-lifted, and flipped before being hoisted into the well.

7. The special construction method for shield tunneling machine hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 9), the segment assembly machine (13) includes a traveling beam, a rotating frame, a moving frame, a counterweight, and a vacuum suction cup.

8. The special construction method for shield machine hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 10), the tail shield (11) is adjusted to make its roundness consistent with that of the front and middle shields.

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