Flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function and self-diagnostic method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of flame photometric detection, and specifically discloses a flame photometric detection device with a self-diagnosis function and a self-diagnosis method, wherein the flame photometric detection device with the self-diagnosis function comprises a main body, a combustion chamber arranged in the main body, a flame photometric detection assembly arranged on the main body, a transmitter and a receiving converter arranged on opposite sides of the main body respectively, a plano-convex lens arranged between the transmitter and the receiving converter, and the plano-convex lens being arranged in the combustion chamber; an ignition assembly arranged on the main body and used for igniting materials in the combustion chamber; and an air inlet assembly arranged on the main body and comprising an air inlet base and a nozzle arranged on the air inlet base, wherein the air inlet base is arranged on the main body, an output end of the nozzle is communicated with the combustion chamber, and the nozzle is provided with a current lead and a voltage lead. The application realizes online pollution evaluation by monitoring optical and electrical parameter changes in real time, establishes a quantitative evaluation index, and improves the scientificity of maintenance decisions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flame photometric detection technology, and in particular to a flame photometric detection device and method with self-diagnostic function. Background Technology

[0002] A gas chromatograph (GC) is an instrument used for substance analysis using gas chromatography. It includes an injection system, a chromatographic column, a detector, and a data processing system. The injection system vaporizes the analyte, the chromatographic column separates the analyte, and the detector detects the analyte components and measures their concentration; it is the most crucial component of a GC. Commonly used detectors include ECD (Electron Capture Detector), FID (Flame Ionization Detector), FPD (Flame Photometric Detector), and TCD (Thermal Conductivity Detector). Among these, the flame photometric detector is characterized by high selectivity and sensitivity and is often used for the detection of sulfur- and phosphorus-containing compounds.

[0003] The basic structure of a flame photometric detector mainly consists of two parts: flame maintenance and optical detection. The flame maintenance part includes hydrogen and air flow paths, nozzles, a combustion chamber, and exhaust ports. After ignition, a non-premixed hydrogen diffusion flame is formed at the nozzle, and combustion products flow out through the exhaust ports. The optical detection part includes plano-convex lenses, filters, and photodetectors. The photodetectors in flame photometric detectors all use receiver-converter converters for photoelectric detection. Therefore, the main factors affecting the detection accuracy of a flame photometric detector are flame maintenance and optical detection. Currently, major manufacturers have solved the problem of the flow ratio of hydrogen, air, and the analyte-carrying gas affecting flame maintenance by adopting high-precision EPC (Electronic Pressure Control) systems. However, with prolonged use or incomplete combustion of high-concentration organic matter in the sample, carbon will deposit at the nozzle orifice. This carbon buildup may affect flame stability, leading to changes in flame shape or uneven temperature. Furthermore, in terms of optical detection, carbon soot produced by flame combustion easily deposits on key components such as plano-convex lenses, causing optical signal attenuation and resulting in deviations in the detection results. Currently, the solutions to the two problems mentioned above mainly rely on manual periodic cleaning or fixed-cycle alarms, lacking a real-time quantitative assessment method for the degree of contamination. Moreover, relying solely on experience to determine when to clean can easily lead to insufficient cleaning or excessive maintenance. Frequent downtime for maintenance is not only complex and prone to damaging precision components, but also reduces work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a flame photometric detection device and a self-diagnostic method with self-diagnostic function, so as to solve the problem that the cleanliness of the flame photometric detector cannot be determined in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function, comprising:

[0006] The main body has a combustion chamber inside and a flame photometric detection component on the main body. The flame photometric detector includes a transmitter and a receiver converter respectively disposed on opposite sides of the main body. A plano-convex lens is disposed between the transmitter and the receiver converter and is located in the combustion chamber.

[0007] An ignition assembly is disposed on the main body and is used to ignite the material in the combustion chamber;

[0008] An intake assembly is mounted on the main body. The intake assembly includes an intake base and a nozzle mounted on the intake base. The intake base is mounted on the main body. The output end of the nozzle is connected to the combustion chamber. The nozzle is provided with a current lead and a voltage lead.

[0009] Optionally, the main body has a mounting groove communicating with the combustion chamber at one end away from the ignition assembly, the air intake base is detachably connected to the main body, the air intake base has a mounting part extending into the mounting groove, the mounting part has an insulating base at one end near the combustion chamber, and the nozzle is disposed on the insulating base.

[0010] Optionally, the air intake assembly further includes an air delivery channel, which sequentially passes through the air intake base, the insulating base, and the nozzle and communicates with the combustion chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the air intake assembly further includes an air pipe and a hydrogen pipe disposed on the air intake base, the hydrogen tank passing through the air intake base and communicating with the gas delivery channel, and the air pipe passing through the base and communicating with the mounting groove.

[0012] Optionally, the end of the air intake base away from the combustion chamber is provided with a carrier gas connector, and the carrier gas connector is provided with a carrier gas channel communicating with the gas delivery channel.

[0013] Optionally, the air intake base is provided with a heating block, and the heating block is provided with a heating rod and a temperature sensor. The heating rod is used to heat the main body.

[0014] Optionally, the ignition assembly includes an ignition base, a retaining ring, and a screw cap. The ignition base is disposed at the end of the main body away from the intake assembly. The retaining ring is threadedly connected to the main body and is used to fix the ignition base. The screw cap is disposed at the end of the ignition base away from the combustion chamber. An igniter is provided on the ignition base, and the ignition end of the igniter communicates with the combustion chamber.

[0015] The present invention also provides a self-diagnostic method, applied to the above-mentioned flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function, comprising:

[0016] Under the first standard conditions, the first current value of the plano-convex lens in a clean state and the second current value before sample injection are obtained;

[0017] The cleanliness of the plano-convex lens is determined based on the change in the first current value and the second current value.

[0018] Under the second standard conditions, obtain the nozzle resistance value, the standard voltage value of the nozzle at the rated current, and the current voltage value before sample injection;

[0019] The standard current value is obtained based on the resistance value and the standard voltage value, and the current current value is obtained based on the resistance value and the current voltage value;

[0020] The cleanliness of the nozzle is determined based on the change in the standard current value and the current current value.

[0021] Optionally, the first standard condition is: the temperature of the heating rod is fixed at T0, the air intake component does not intake air, and the laser emitter is driven to generate a beam of fixed wavelength;

[0022] like The system then indicates that the plano-convex lens can be cleaned.

[0023] Where I0 is the first current value, I i t1 is the second current value, and t1 is the first preset value;

[0024] like The system will then prompt you to perform forced cleaning of the plano-convex lens;

[0025] Where t2 is the second preset value, and t2 > t1.

[0026] Optionally, determining the cleanliness of the nozzle based on the change between the standard current value and the current current value includes:

[0027] The second standard condition is that the temperature of the heating rod is fixed at T0, the air intake assembly does not intake air, and the laser emitter is driven to generate a beam of fixed wavelength.

[0028] like The system will then prompt that nozzle cleaning can be performed;

[0029] Where R is the resistance of the nozzle, V0 is the standard voltage value, and V i t3 is the current voltage value, and t3 is the third preset value;

[0030] like The system will then prompt you to perform forced nozzle cleaning.

[0031] Where t4 is the fourth preset value, and t4 > t3.

[0032] As described above, the flame photometric detection device and self-diagnostic method with self-diagnostic function proposed in this invention have the following advantages:

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] Compared to existing technologies, traditional devices rely solely on periodic disassembly and inspection to assess component condition. This solution, however, achieves online contamination assessment by real-time monitoring of changes in optical and electrical parameters. Traditional maintenance methods require interrupting the inspection process, while this solution allows for continuous data collection during equipment operation, avoiding downtime losses. Traditional judgments are based on subjective experience; this solution establishes quantitative evaluation indicators, enhancing the scientific rigor of maintenance decisions. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The image shown is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the nozzle structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 The image shown is a partial enlarged view of the receiver converter connector in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a logic flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] Transmitter 1, retaining ring 2, screw cap 3, ignition base 4, igniter 5, main body 6, combustion chamber 601, mounting slot 602, connecting nut 7, countersunk screw 8, sealing washer 9, receiver converter 10, mounting base 11, adapter 12, pan head screw 13, air inlet base 14, platinum resistance thermometer 15, set screw 16, heating rod 17, carrier gas connector 18, carrier gas channel 1801, fixing nut 19, heating block 20, hydrogen pipe 21, air pipe 22, waterproof nut 23, plano-convex lens 24, rubber ring 25, copper washer 26, filter 27, insulating base 28, nozzle 29, first current lead 291, first voltage lead 292, second current lead 293, second voltage lead 294, sealing gasket 30, sealing ring 31, gas delivery channel 32. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show components relevant to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape, and size of components in implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity, and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout may be more complex. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and objectives of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.

[0046] Currently, flame photometric detectors are widely used in the analysis of sulfur and phosphorus compounds. Their detection accuracy depends on a stable flame environment and a clean optical system. Traditional devices rely on manual experience to judge the degree of carbon buildup on the nozzle and lens contamination, lacking objective quantitative assessment methods. Frequent disassembly and maintenance can easily damage precision components, while delayed cleaning leads to abnormal flame morphology and light signal attenuation, directly affecting the accuracy of the detection results.

[0047] To address these issues, research revealed that carbon soot deposition from flame combustion alters the resistance characteristics of nozzle 29, leading to a decrease in light transmittance. By establishing a correlation model between pollution levels and electrical and optical parameters, real-time monitoring of pollution status can be achieved. Based on this, a self-diagnostic system integrating electrical and optical detection was developed. By collecting data on nozzle 29 resistance changes and photocurrent fluctuations, a two-dimensional pollution assessment system is constructed, providing a quantitative basis for maintenance decisions.

[0048] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this invention proposes a flame photometric detection device and a self-diagnostic method with self-diagnostic function.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment, the flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function includes:

[0050] The main body 6 has a combustion chamber 601 inside and a flame photometric detection assembly on the main body 6. The flame photometric detector includes a transmitter 1 and a receiver converter 10 respectively disposed on opposite sides of the main body 6. A plano-convex lens 24 is disposed between the transmitter 1 and the receiver converter 10 and is located inside the combustion chamber 601.

[0051] An ignition assembly is mounted on the main body 6 and is used to ignite the material in the combustion chamber 601;

[0052] An intake assembly is mounted on the main body 6. The intake assembly includes an intake base 14 and a nozzle 29 mounted on the intake base 14. The intake base 14 is mounted on the main body 6. The output end of the nozzle 29 is connected to the combustion chamber 601. The nozzle 29 is provided with current leads and voltage leads.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the combustion chamber 601 is operating normally, the light beam generated by the transmitter 1 is focused by the plano-convex lens 24 and penetrates the flame area, where it is converted into an electrical signal by the receiver converter 10. The carbon deposit layer formed on the surface of the nozzle 29 alters its conductive cross-section, and the resistance change is measured in real time via current and voltage leads. When carbon deposits cause the resistance of the nozzle 29 to exceed a preset threshold, the system automatically triggers a maintenance prompt. Simultaneously, contaminants on the surface of the plano-convex lens 24 reduce its transmittance; the degree of lens contamination is determined by comparing the photocurrent difference between the clean state and the current state. The ignition assembly ensures reliable start-up of the combustion process, and the intake assembly maintains a stable gas supply, together forming a closed-loop monitoring system.

[0054] In this embodiment, traditional devices rely solely on periodic disassembly and inspection to determine component status, while this solution achieves online contamination assessment by real-time monitoring of changes in optical and electrical parameters. Traditional maintenance methods require interrupting the inspection process, while this solution can continuously collect data during equipment operation, avoiding downtime losses. Traditional judgments rely on subjective experience, while this solution establishes quantitative evaluation indicators, improving the scientific rigor of maintenance decisions.

[0055] For example, in this embodiment, a mounting base 11 can also be provided to fix the main body 6 to ensure the overall stability of the device.

[0056] It is worth noting that this application achieves simultaneous monitoring of carbon deposits on the nozzle 29 and lens contamination. Through the coordinated analysis of electrical and optical signals, the contamination status of the components is accurately determined. The real-time data acquisition system can provide early warnings of potential faults, avoiding a decrease in detection accuracy. The dual-dimensional diagnostic mechanism effectively distinguishes the source of contamination, provides targeted guidance for maintenance operations, and extends the service life of critical components.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the end of the main body 6 away from the ignition assembly has a mounting groove 602 that communicates with the combustion chamber 601. The air intake base 14 is detachably connected to the main body 6. The air intake base 14 has a mounting part that extends into the mounting groove 602. The end of the mounting part near the combustion chamber 601 has an insulating base 28. The nozzle 29 is disposed on the insulating base 28.

[0058] In this embodiment, the mounting groove 602 refers to the recessed structure on the main body 6 used to accommodate the mounting portion of the intake base 14. Specifically, it can be achieved by machining a through groove communicating with the combustion chamber 601, and its width is adapted to the mounting portion to ensure positioning accuracy. The detachable connection means that the intake base 14 and the main body 6 are fixed together by threads or snap-fit ​​structures. Specifically, it can be achieved by flange connection and bolt fastening, facilitating disassembly and assembly. The mounting portion refers to the protruding structure of the intake base 14 extending into the mounting groove 602. Specifically, it can be designed with a cylindrical or rectangular cross-section, and its length can cover the depth of the mounting groove 602 to ensure sealing. The insulating base 28 refers to a support structure with insulating properties located at the end of the mounting portion. Specifically, it can be made of ceramic or polymer materials and is used to isolate the nozzle 29 from conductive components.

[0059] For example, in this embodiment, the air intake base 14 is detachably connected to the bottom of the main body 6 via pan head screws 13. This detachable connection allows the air intake base 14 to be separated from the main body 6, facilitating the disassembly and cleaning of the nozzle 29. Multiple pan head screws 13 are used, and a sealing gasket 30 is provided between the air intake base 14 and the main body 6 to seal the mounting groove 602 and prevent gas leakage.

[0060] For example, in this embodiment, the nozzle 29 is fixed to the surface of the insulating base 28 by means of threads or snap-fit, and the current lead and voltage lead of the nozzle 29 pass through the insulating base 28 and are connected to the external circuit.

[0061] For example, in this embodiment, the mating depth between the mounting part and the mounting groove 602 can be adjusted according to the size of the combustion chamber 601. For example, the mounting part can extend into the mounting groove 602 by 50%-80% of its length, which ensures the sealing of the gas passage and avoids assembly interference caused by excessive insertion.

[0062] For example, in this embodiment, a waterproof nut 23 is provided on the main body 6. The current lead and voltage lead pass through the waterproof nut 23 and are electrically connected to the external detection system. In order to quickly and conveniently realize the detection of current and voltage, the device for detecting current and voltage can also be set inside the mounting groove 602. In a specific embodiment, the current lead includes a first current lead 291 and a second current lead 293, and the voltage lead includes a first voltage lead 292 and a second voltage lead 294, so as to facilitate the formation of a loop detection.

[0063] It is worth noting that traditional flame photometric detectors use a welded or integrally molded structure for the intake assembly and combustion chamber 601, requiring the entire combustion chamber 601 to be disassembled for cleaning. This solution, through a separate, detachable structure, allows the intake assembly to be removed individually; maintenance only requires loosening the connector to remove the nozzle 29 assembly. In existing technology, the nozzle 29 is in direct contact with the metal base, and carbon buildup can easily form a conductive path, leading to current leakage. This solution uses an insulating base 28 to isolate the metal components, blocking the conductive path of carbon buildup.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the air intake assembly further includes an air delivery passage 32, which passes through the air intake base 14, the insulating base 28 and the nozzle 29 in sequence and communicates with the combustion chamber 601.

[0065] In this embodiment, the gas delivery channel 32 refers to a continuous gas flow path, which can be implemented using a through-hole structure with a diameter ranging from 0.5 mm to 2 mm, used to achieve the mixed delivery of carrier gas and hydrogen. The inlet base 14 refers to the base structure that supports the gas delivery path, which can be made of metal and has a sealing groove on its surface, connected to the main body 6 by threads, for fixing the nozzle 29 and the insulating base 28. The insulating base 28 is a support component with electrical insulation properties, which can be made of ceramic material, with through holes inside aligned with the gas delivery channel 32, used to isolate the nozzle 29 from the electrical conductivity risk of external circuits. The nozzle 29 is used for gas injection, which can be made of high-temperature resistant alloy material, and the output end can be designed as a conical constriction structure, used to accelerate the injection of the mixed gas into the combustion chamber 601. In a specific embodiment, the gas delivery channel 32 passes through the inlet base 14, the insulating base 28 and the nozzle 29 in a straight line, which can improve the stability of the gas flow rate and reduce the turbulent area on the inner wall of the channel, thereby reducing the probability of soot particles depositing at corners.

[0066] For example, in this embodiment, the air intake assembly further includes an air pipe 22 and a hydrogen pipe 21 disposed on the air intake base 14. The hydrogen tank passes through the air intake base 14 and communicates with the gas delivery channel 32, while the air pipe 22 passes through the base and communicates with the mounting groove 602. In a specific embodiment, the communication between the hydrogen pipe 21 and the gas delivery channel 32 allows hydrogen to be directly delivered to the combustion chamber 601 through the gas delivery channel 32. A threaded seal connection between the hydrogen pipe 21 and the gas delivery channel 32 can be used to achieve physical isolation between the hydrogen and air delivery paths. The communication between the air pipe 22 and the mounting groove 602 allows air to enter the annular space at the front end of the combustion chamber 601 through the base. A guide groove can be provided inside the air intake base 14 to create a vortex buffer before the air enters the combustion chamber 601. The structure of the hydrogen tank passing through the air intake base 14 can use a flange-type sealing connection to ensure no leakage during gas delivery. Specifically, hydrogen gas passes through the hydrogen pipe 21 and the air inlet base 14, then directly enters the gas delivery channel 32. It is then vertically injected into the central region of the combustion chamber 601 in a laminar flow state through the nozzle 29. Air passes through the air pipe 22 and the base, then enters the annular cavity formed by the mounting groove 602, where it diffuses in a turbulent state at the inlet of the combustion chamber 601. During combustion, hydrogen gas forms a stable jet at the outlet of the nozzle 29, while air gradually diffuses from the edge of the annular cavity, enveloping the hydrogen jet and creating a staged gradient mixing mode. This structure allows for controlled mixing of the two gases within the combustion chamber 601, avoiding uneven premixing caused by velocity differences in external pipelines.

[0067] It is worth noting that this solution achieves physical isolation of the gas delivery path and control of the mixing sequence by independently setting a direct connection between the hydrogen pipe 21 and the gas delivery channel 32, and a buffered connection between the air pipe 22 and the mounting groove 602. In the prior art, the carbon deposit area caused by uneven mixing is mainly concentrated on the outer wall of the nozzle 29, while this solution shifts the combustion reaction area towards the center of the combustion chamber 601 through staged mixing, so that the carbon deposit location is far away from the key component of the nozzle 29.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, the end of the air intake base 14 away from the combustion chamber 601 is provided with a carrier gas connector 18, and the carrier gas connector 18 is provided with a carrier gas channel 1801 communicating with the gas delivery channel 32.

[0069] In this embodiment, the carrier gas connector 18 is used to connect to the carrier gas source and input carrier gas into the input channel. It is a tubular interface, and its axis is coaxial with the gas delivery channel 32. The coaxial arrangement can eliminate abrupt changes in direction during gas delivery and avoid turbulence.

[0070] For example, a heating block 20 is provided on the air intake base 14, and a heating rod 17 and a temperature sensor are provided on the heating block 20. The heating rod 17 is used to heat the main body 6. In this embodiment, the heating block 20 is detachably connected to the air intake base 14 by multiple set screws 16. In a specific embodiment, the heating block 20 is a heat conduction module, which can be formed by casting aluminum alloy or copper alloy, and has a heating element mounting cavity inside for fixing the heating rod 17 and achieving uniform heat diffusion. The heating rod 17 is a metal tubular element that can convert electrical energy into heat energy. Specifically, it can be implemented by wrapping a magnesium oxide insulation layer with a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire, and generates heat through the Joule effect after being energized. The temperature sensor is a detection element that monitors the temperature change of the main body 6 in real time. It can be implemented by using a platinum resistance 15 thermometer or a thermocouple, and its signal output terminal is connected to the temperature control system to form a closed-loop control. The heat generated by the heating rod 17 can be conducted to the main body 6 through the heating block 20. When the flame photometric detection device is not in operation, the main body 6 is gradually heated by the heating rod 17 to bring the internal temperature of the combustion chamber 601 to the level required for normal flame combustion. The temperature sensor continuously monitors the temperature of the main body 6 and feeds it back to the control system, forming a PID temperature regulation loop. During this process, the temperature gradient between the combustion chamber 601 wall temperature, the nozzle 29 outlet temperature, and the optical detection component is accurately reproduced, creating a thermodynamic environment consistent with actual combustion conditions.

[0071] For example, in this embodiment, the bottom of the heating block 20 is provided with a fixing nut 19, and the air carrier connector 18 is threadedly connected to the fixing nut 19 and has a concave-convex fit with the bottom of the air intake base 14, so that the air carrier connector 18 can be firmly fixed to the bottom of the air intake base 14 to ensure the stability of the air intake.

[0072] It is worth noting that this embodiment effectively solves the problem of distortion in the simulated detection environment, enabling cleanliness diagnosis to be performed under real operating conditions. The coordinated operation of the temperature sensor and the heating rod 17 ensures the stability of the thermal field distribution, avoids misjudgments caused by temperature fluctuations, and provides an accurate physical environmental benchmark for quantitatively assessing the degree of carbon buildup on the nozzle 29.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the ignition assembly includes an ignition base 4, a retaining ring 2, and a screw cap 3. The ignition base 4 is disposed at the end of the main body 6 away from the intake assembly. The retaining ring 2 is threadedly connected to the main body 6 and is used to fix the ignition base 4. The screw cap 3 is disposed at the end of the ignition base 4 away from the combustion chamber 601. An igniter 5 is provided on the ignition base 4, and the ignition end of the igniter 5 is in communication with the combustion chamber 601.

[0074] In this embodiment, the ignition base 4 refers to the basic mounting component that supports the igniter 5. It can be made of aluminum alloy and integrated with heat dissipation fins, serving to fix the igniter 5 and distribute heat. The retaining ring 2 is a ring-shaped fastener with internal threads, which can be made of 316 stainless steel with anti-slip texture. Tightening the threads generates axial pressure to lock the ignition base 4 in position. The screw cap 3 is a sealing end cap with external threads, which can be made of copper-nickel alloy and equipped with a sealing ring 31, providing airtight protection while sealing the end space of the ignition base 4.

[0075] Specifically, the ignition base 4 is positioned away from the intake components, physically isolating the high-temperature ignition area from the gas delivery system and reducing heat conduction interference with gas flow. The retaining ring 2, threaded into the outer wall of the main body 6, forms an adjustable fastening structure. Rotating the retaining ring 2 changes the clamping force on the ignition base 4, ensuring installation stability while enabling quick disassembly. The screw cap 3 forms a closed cavity at the end of the ignition base 4, preventing external dust from entering the igniter 5 and affecting electrode performance. Its threaded connection allows for periodic disassembly for electrode cleaning and maintenance. The igniter 5 is directly fixed to the front end of the ignition base 4, shortening the distance between the ignition electrode and the combustion chamber 601, optimizing the arc path to a straight-line penetration mode, and improving ignition success rate.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the receiver converter 10 is connected to the main body 6 using a fixing component. Specifically, the fixing component includes an adapter 12 and a connecting nut 7. The adapter 12 is inserted into the main body 6, and the connecting nut 7 is fixed on the adapter 12 and threadedly connected to the main body 6. The adapter 12 is detachably connected to the receiver converter 10 by a countersunk screw 8.

[0077] In this embodiment, the adapter 12 and the connecting nut 7 can be used to connect the receiver converter and the main body 6, and the stability of the connection is ensured.

[0078] For example, in this embodiment, a rubber ring 25 and a copper gasket 26 are provided between the adapter 12 and the main body 6 to improve the connection performance, and a sealing gasket 9 is provided between the adapter 12 and the receiver converter 10.

[0079] For example, in this embodiment, the adapter 12 has a through light-transmitting hole in the middle, and the adapter 12 has a filter 27 inside. The filter 27 is correspondingly arranged with the plano-convex lens 24, and the receiving end of the receiver converter 10 is correspondingly arranged with the filter 27.

[0080] It is worth noting that the transmitter 1 in this embodiment is a laser transmitter 1, which can emit beams of various wavelengths, and the receiver converter 10 is a photomultiplier tube, which can convert optical signals into current signals.

[0081] The present invention also proposes a self-diagnostic method, applied to the aforementioned flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function, comprising:

[0082] Under the first standard conditions, the first current value of the plano-convex lens 24 in a clean state and the second current value before sample injection are obtained.

[0083] The cleanliness of the plano-convex lens 24 is determined based on the change in the first current value and the second current value.

[0084] Under the second standard conditions, the resistance value of nozzle 29, the standard voltage value of nozzle 29 at rated current, and the current voltage value before sample injection are obtained;

[0085] The standard current value is obtained based on the resistance value and the standard voltage value, and the current current value is obtained based on the resistance value and the current voltage value.

[0086] The cleanliness of nozzle 29 is determined based on the change in the standard current value and the current current value.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first standard condition refers to the device being in a predefined stable detection environment. Specifically, this can be achieved by controlling the heating module to maintain a fixed temperature and cutting off the gas supply. This condition eliminates the influence of temperature fluctuations and airflow interference on optical detection. The second current value refers to the real-time current data measured by the receiver converter 10 before the sample introduction operation. Specifically, this can be achieved by a photoelectric sensor acquiring the light signal intensity and performing current conversion. This data reflects the actual light transmittance of the plano-convex lens 24 surface. The second standard condition refers to the device being in a preset detection state different from the first standard condition. Specifically, this can be achieved by maintaining the same temperature but activating the voltage measurement module. This condition ensures the environmental consistency of the nozzle 29 resistance measurement. The resistance value of the nozzle 29 refers to the inherent impedance characteristics of the conductive material at a specific temperature. Specifically, this can be achieved using a four-wire measurement method or a constant current source excitation method. This parameter is used to calculate the current reference value.

[0088] Specifically, by setting a first standard condition of no airflow interference and constant temperature, the light attenuation effect of deposits on the surface of the plano-convex lens 24 is isolated. The reference current value under clean conditions is recorded as the initial reference value through a photoelectric conversion circuit. Under the same environmental conditions, the deviation between the real-time current data collected during equipment operation and the reference value can directly reflect the proportion of light transmittance reduction caused by carbon soot deposition. For carbon deposit detection of the nozzle 29, the resistance-temperature characteristics of the nozzle 29 material are utilized to calculate the current value change by measuring the voltage at a constant temperature. The difference between the standard current under rated operating conditions and the real-time current is converted into the conductive cross-sectional loss rate caused by carbon deposits, and differentiated maintenance prompts are triggered through preset multi-level thresholds.

[0089] Compared to existing technologies, traditional methods rely on fixed-cycle manual inspections or simple threshold alarms, which cannot quantify the degree of pollution and are easily affected by environmental factors. This method eliminates the influence of variables such as temperature and airflow by establishing a standardized testing environment, and utilizes the correlation between current decay rate and the rate of change of conductive cross-section to achieve accurate calculation of deposit volume. Existing technologies do not disclose a scheme for diagnosing carbon deposits on nozzle 29 through resistance-voltage correlation analysis, nor do they propose a staged threshold-triggered maintenance strategy.

[0090] In one exemplary embodiment, determining the cleanliness of the plano-convex lens 24 based on the change in a first current value and a second current value includes:

[0091] The first standard condition is: the temperature of the heating rod 17 is fixed at T0, the air intake component does not intake air, and the laser emitter 1 is driven to generate a beam of fixed wavelength.

[0092] like The system then indicates that the plano-convex lens 24 can be cleaned.

[0093] Where I0 is the first current value, I i t1 is the second current value, and t1 is the first preset value;

[0094] like The system will then prompt you to perform a forced cleaning of the plano-convex lens 24.

[0095] Where t2 is the second preset value, and t2 > t1.

[0096] In this embodiment, the first standard condition refers to the baseline state that eliminates the influence of temperature fluctuations, airflow interference, and changes in light source wavelength on the detection results. Specifically, this can be achieved by locking the temperature of the combustion chamber 601 through the temperature control module, closing the air intake channel through the gas flow controller, and maintaining a constant wavelength output through the laser drive circuit, to ensure the repeatability of the current measurement conditions. The first current value I0 refers to the baseline current value output by the receiver converter 10 when the plano-convex lens 24 is in a clean state. Specifically, it is measured by a galvanometer after the transmitted light signal is converted into an electrical signal by a photodiode, reflecting the standard luminous flux under uncontaminated conditions. The second current value Ii refers to the real-time detection current value output by the receiver converter 10 before sample introduction. Specifically, it is measured under the same standard conditions using the same photoelectric conversion element, to characterize the degree of attenuation of the light transmission performance of the current plano-convex lens 24. The first preset value t1 and the second preset value t2 refer to the dynamic threshold range established based on historical data. Specifically, they can be determined by experimentally measuring the correspondence between the luminous flux attenuation rate and the detection error under different contamination levels, where t2 is set as a critical value higher than t1 to form a graded early warning mechanism. By establishing standardized luminous flux detection conditions, the degree of contamination is transformed into a quantifiable current attenuation rate indicator. Combined with a dynamic threshold judgment mechanism, real-time monitoring of the contamination status and precise maintenance decisions are achieved. Compared to traditional experience-based judgment methods, this technology can accurately identify the critical state between slight and severe contamination, avoiding downtime losses due to premature maintenance or detection errors caused by delayed maintenance.

[0097] In a controlled environment with a stable temperature and no gas flow in combustion chamber 601, a fixed-wavelength light beam is emitted, and the photocurrent intensity after passing through the plano-convex lens 24 is measured. First, a reference current value I0 is obtained under clean conditions as a reference point for zero contamination. During routine testing, the same measurement conditions are repeated before each sample injection to obtain the real-time current value I. i By calculating (I0-I i The ratio of t1 to I0 quantifies the degree of transmittance attenuation. When this ratio exceeds t1, it indicates tolerable contamination accumulation, and the system generates a cleaning suggestion. When it exceeds a higher threshold t2, it is determined that the contamination has seriously affected the detection accuracy, triggering a forced cleaning command. This process eliminates interference factors such as temperature fluctuations and airflow disturbances through standardized measurement conditions, ensuring that changes in current value only reflect the optical attenuation effect of deposits on the surface of the plano-convex lens 24.

[0098] In one exemplary embodiment, determining the cleanliness level of nozzle 29 based on the change in a standard current value and the current current value includes:

[0099] The second standard condition is that the temperature of the heating rod 17 is fixed at T0, the air intake component does not intake air, and the laser emitter is driven to generate a beam of fixed wavelength.

[0100] like The system then indicates that nozzle 29 can be cleaned.

[0101] Where R is the resistance of the nozzle, V0 is the standard voltage value, and V i t3 is the current voltage value, and t3 is the third preset value;

[0102] like The system will then prompt you to perform forced cleaning of nozzle 29;

[0103] Where t4 is the fourth preset value, and t4 > t3.

[0104] In this embodiment, the second standard condition refers to stabilizing the temperature of the heating block 20 at a specific temperature, such as 300°C, cutting off the supply of hydrogen and air, and generating a beam of light with a fixed wavelength, such as 532nm, through the laser emitter 1. This is used to eliminate the influence of temperature fluctuations, airflow interference, and changes in optical signal on the resistance measurement. The resistance value of the nozzle 29 refers to the inherent resistance of the nozzle 29 in a carbon-free state, which can be obtained by measuring using the four-wire method to eliminate the interference of lead resistance on the measurement. By establishing a resistance-current correlation model, a digital assessment of the amount of carbon buildup is achieved. In the prior art, the judgment of maintenance timing has subjective errors, while this solution uses graded threshold settings, such as assigning t3 and t4 to suggested cleaning and forced cleaning states respectively, to make maintenance decisions have an objective basis.

[0105] It is worth noting that when carbon deposits form on nozzle 29, its resistance changes, causing the voltage value to deviate from the standard value at the same rated current. This can be addressed by calculating the relative deviation between the standard current value and the current current value, for example, using (V0 / RV). i The ratio (V0 / R) eliminates the influence of resistivity differences among the 29 nozzles. When this ratio exceeds a third preset value, it indicates an acceptable amount of carbon buildup, prompting the operator to perform routine cleaning. When it exceeds a higher fourth preset value, it indicates that the carbon buildup has severely affected the detection stability, triggering a forced cleaning command. This judgment process is completed under fixed temperature, no airflow interference, and constant light beam conditions, for example, automatically every 30 minutes to ensure consistent measurement conditions.

[0106] In summary, this invention achieves online pollution assessment, establishes quantitative evaluation indicators, and improves the scientific nature of maintenance decisions by real-time monitoring of changes in optical and electrical parameters.

[0107] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function, characterized in that, include: The main body has a combustion chamber inside and a flame photometric detection component on the main body. The flame photometric detection component includes a transmitter and a receiver converter respectively disposed on opposite sides of the main body. A plano-convex lens is disposed between the transmitter and the receiver converter and is located inside the combustion chamber. An ignition assembly is disposed on the main body and is used to ignite the material in the combustion chamber; An intake assembly is mounted on the main body. The intake assembly includes an intake base and a nozzle mounted on the intake base. The intake base is mounted on the main body, and the output end of the nozzle is connected to the combustion chamber. The main body has a mounting groove communicating with the combustion chamber at one end away from the ignition assembly. The air intake base is detachably connected to the main body. The air intake base has a mounting part that extends into the mounting groove. An insulating base is provided at one end of the mounting part near the combustion chamber. The nozzle is disposed on the insulating base. The air intake base is equipped with a heating block, and the heating block is equipped with a heating rod and a temperature sensor. The heating rod is used to heat the main body. The nozzle is provided with current leads and voltage leads, wherein the current leads include a first current lead and a second current lead, and the voltage leads include a first voltage lead and a second voltage lead.

2. The flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake assembly also includes an air delivery channel, which passes through the air intake base, the insulating base and the nozzle in sequence and communicates with the combustion chamber.

3. The flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake assembly also includes an air pipe and a hydrogen pipe disposed on the air intake base. The hydrogen pipe passes through the air intake base and communicates with the gas delivery channel, and the air pipe passes through the base and communicates with the mounting slot.

4. The flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intake base is provided with a carrier gas connector at one end away from the combustion chamber, and the carrier gas connector is provided with a carrier gas channel that communicates with the gas delivery channel.

5. The flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition assembly includes an ignition base, a retaining ring, and a screw cap. The ignition base is located at the end of the main body away from the intake assembly. The retaining ring is threadedly connected to the main body and is used to fix the ignition base. The screw cap is located at the end of the ignition base away from the combustion chamber. An igniter is provided on the ignition base, and the ignition end of the igniter is in communication with the combustion chamber.

6. A self-diagnostic method, applied to a flame photometric detection device with self-diagnostic function as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Under the first standard conditions, the first current value of the plano-convex lens in a clean state and the second current value before sample injection are obtained; The cleanliness of the plano-convex lens is determined based on the change in the first current value and the second current value. Under the second standard conditions, obtain the nozzle resistance value, the standard voltage value of the nozzle at the rated current, and the current voltage value before sample injection; The standard current value is obtained based on the resistance value and the standard voltage value, and the current current value is obtained based on the resistance value and the current voltage value. The cleanliness of the nozzle is determined based on the change in the standard current value and the current current value.

7. The self-diagnostic method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The determination of the cleanliness of the plano-convex lens based on the change in the first current value and the second current value includes: The first standard condition is: the temperature of the heating rod is fixed at T0, the air intake component does not intake air, and the laser emitter is driven to generate a beam of light with a fixed wavelength; like The system then suggests cleaning the plano-convex lens. Where I0 is the first current value, I i t1 is the second current value, and t1 is the first preset value; like The system will then prompt you to force clean the plano-convex lens; Where t2 is the second preset value, and t2 > t1.

8. The self-diagnostic method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of determining the cleanliness of the nozzle based on the change between the standard current value and the current current value includes: The second standard condition is that the temperature of the heating rod is fixed at T0, the air intake assembly does not intake air, and the laser emitter is driven to generate a beam of fixed wavelength. like The system then suggests cleaning the nozzle. Where R is the resistance of the nozzle, V0 is the standard voltage value, and V i t3 is the current voltage value, and t3 is the third preset value; like The system will then prompt you to force clean the nozzles; Where t4 is the fourth preset value, and t4 > t3.

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