A test system and method for regulating water flow and temperature

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of reactor thermal-hydraulic test, and particularly relates to a test system and method for feedwater flow and temperature regulation. The test system comprises an evaporator simulation body, a condenser, a feedwater pump and a waste heat recuperator. The condenser condenses saturated steam at the outlet of the evaporator simulation body into water, which is pressurized by the feedwater pump and returned to the evaporator simulation body, realizing the recycling of the fluid medium. A feedwater regulating valve automatically adjusts the opening degree to control the feedwater flow. The steam coarse regulating valve and the steam fine regulating valve at the inlet and outlet pipelines of the waste heat recuperator are matched to control the feedwater temperature. During the steady-state regulation process of the system, the steam regulating valve is adjusted to stabilize the evaporator simulation body and maintain the stable operation of the loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of reactor thermal-hydraulic testing technology, specifically relating to a test system and method for controlling feedwater flow rate and temperature. Background Technology

[0002] Before a nuclear reactor is deployed, extensive testing and analysis are required. System testing is a crucial means of ensuring nuclear safety. Typically, a nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulic overall effect test facility includes a primary loop simulating the prototype reactor's coolant system, a secondary loop simulating the prototype nuclear power conversion system, and related dedicated safety systems. During testing, the secondary loop needs to operate in conjunction with the primary loop to bring the primary loop's operating parameters to the prototype's operating parameters. This serves as the starting point for conducting overall effect tests. Specifically, during the temperature and pressure rise phases and after both the primary and secondary loops reach stable operating conditions, the secondary loop requires adjustments to its feedwater flow rate and temperature to ensure proper heating and thus guarantee the safe operation of the primary loop.

[0003] Typically, reactor system effect tests employ independent regulation of pressure, water temperature, and feedwater flow rate to control the operation of each component, avoiding coupling effects between these regulation methods. However, a similar test system and regulation method for simultaneously regulating system pressure, feedwater temperature, and feedwater flow rate is lacking. On one hand, during evaporator operation, the steam pipeline requires rapid regulation to maintain stable evaporator operation, a process already quite challenging. Simultaneous feedwater temperature regulation would significantly increase both technical difficulty and economic costs. On the other hand, if a conventional regenerator is used for feedwater temperature regulation, its long response time would cause the feedwater temperature response to lag behind the rate of change in feedwater flow rate, making it difficult to achieve the desired regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a test system and method for regulating water supply flow and temperature, which solves the problem that the system pressure, water supply temperature and water supply flow cannot be regulated simultaneously in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this application is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a test system for regulating water flow and temperature, including an evaporator simulator, a condenser, a water pump, and a waste heat recovery device;

[0007] The outlet of the evaporator simulator is connected to the outlet steam pipeline, which is divided into two branches, which are connected to the condenser and the waste heat regenerator respectively via the steam regulating valve and the steam coarse regulating valve.

[0008] The condenser is connected to the waste heat recovery unit via a steam fine-tuning valve; the steam fine-tuning valve works in conjunction with the steam coarse-tuning valve to control the feedwater temperature.

[0009] The outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the feed water pump. The outlet of the feed water pump is connected to the evaporator simulator via a waste heat recovery device and a feed water pipeline. A feed water regulating valve is installed on the feed water pipeline to control the feed water flow.

[0010] Optionally, a cold steam regulating valve is used to regulate the steam flow rate to stabilize the pressure of the evaporator simulator.

[0011] Optionally, the waste heat recovery unit has no water storage space.

[0012] A second aspect of this application provides a test method for regulating water flow and temperature, applicable to any one of the test systems for regulating water flow and temperature provided in the above embodiments; the method includes the following steps:

[0013] Heat the evaporator simulator, open the steam regulating valve, steam fine regulating valve, steam coarse regulating valve and feedwater regulating valve to establish steam and water circulation;

[0014] During the circulation process, the feedwater flow rate is controlled by adjusting the feedwater regulating valve, and the feedwater temperature is controlled by adjusting the steam fine regulating valve and the steam coarse regulating valve in conjunction.

[0015] Optionally, the circulation of steam and water specifically includes:

[0016] Part of the saturated steam from the evaporator simulator enters the condenser through the steam pipeline, while another part of the saturated steam enters the waste heat recovery unit and is condensed into saturated water, which then enters the condenser for further cooling.

[0017] The condensate enters the condenser and is pressurized by the feed water pump, then returns to the evaporator simulator via the feed water pipeline.

[0018] Optionally, the method for regulating the water supply flow rate is as follows:

[0019] When the water level in the evaporator simulator is higher than the target water level preset value, reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve;

[0020] When the water level in the evaporator simulator is lower than the preset target water level, the opening of the water supply regulating valve is increased.

[0021] Optionally, the method for regulating the water supply flow rate further includes training the switching speed of the water supply regulating valve:

[0022] When the water level in the evaporator simulator is higher than the target water level preset value, the initial adjustment speed V is used. 1- Reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve until the water level in the evaporator simulator drops to the target water level preset value;

[0023] When the water level in the evaporator simulator is lower than the preset target water level, the initial adjustment speed V is used. 1+Increase the opening of the water supply regulating valve until the water level rises to the preset target water level;

[0024] When the water level in the evaporator simulator exceeds the preset target water level again, change the adjustment speed to V. 2- Reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve until the water level drops to the target water level preset value;

[0025] When the water level in the evaporator simulator falls below the target water level preset value again, change the adjustment speed to V. 2+ Increase the opening of the water supply regulating valve until the water level rises to the target water level preset value;

[0026] Repeat the above steps to repeatedly train the opening and closing speed of the water supply regulating valve, so that the water level of the evaporator simulator can recover to the target water level preset value at a preset speed.

[0027] Optionally, the method for adjusting the water supply temperature is as follows:

[0028] Adjust the steam coarse adjustment valve to ensure that the water temperature in the water supply pipeline differs from the preset target water temperature by less than 3℃;

[0029] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline is higher than the preset target water temperature, reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve;

[0030] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline is lower than the preset target water temperature, increase the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve.

[0031] Optional test methods for controlling water flow and temperature also include training the opening and closing speed of the steam coarse control valve, specifically as follows:

[0032] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline is higher than the preset target water temperature, at an initial speed V 3- Reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve until the water temperature in the water supply line drops to the target preset water temperature value;

[0033] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline is lower than the preset target water temperature, at an initial speed V 3+ Increase the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve until the water temperature in the water supply pipeline rises to the target preset water temperature value;

[0034] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline exceeds the preset target water temperature again, change the adjustment speed to V. 4- Reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve until the water temperature in the water supply pipeline drops to the target preset water temperature value;

[0035] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline falls below the preset target water temperature again, change the adjustment speed to V. 4+ Increase the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve until the water temperature in the water supply pipeline rises to the target preset water temperature value;

[0036] Repeat the above steps to repeatedly train the opening and closing speed of the steam fine-tuning valve, so that the water temperature in the water supply pipeline can recover to the target water temperature preset value at a preset speed.

[0037] Optional test methods for controlling water flow and temperature also include adjusting the opening of the steam regulating valve to control the steam flow and adjusting the pressure of the evaporator simulator to maintain stability.

[0038] The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows:

[0039] This application provides an experimental system and method for regulating feedwater flow and temperature, comprising an evaporator simulator, a condenser, a feedwater pump, and a waste heat recovery unit. Heat from the primary loop is transferred to the secondary loop side of the reactor via the evaporator simulator. The condenser condenses the saturated steam at the outlet of the evaporator simulator into water, which is then pressurized by the feedwater pump and returned to the evaporator simulator via the feedwater pipeline, achieving recycling of the secondary loop fluid medium. Through the cooperation of a coarse steam regulating valve and a fine steam regulating valve, the outlet water temperature of the primary side of the waste heat recovery unit can be precisely controlled. By training the opening and closing speed of the fine steam regulating valve, the water temperature in the feedwater pipeline can be quickly controlled to near the target water temperature. A feedwater regulating valve is installed on the feedwater pipeline, and through training, its opening degree can be automatically adjusted to regulate the flow resistance of the feedwater pipeline, thereby quickly controlling the water level in the evaporator simulator to near the target value. This achieves simultaneous regulation of the system, feedwater temperature, and feedwater flow, improving the accuracy and efficiency of regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the experimental system for controlling water flow and temperature;

[0042] Figure reference numerals: 1-Evaporator simulator; 2-Steam regulating valve; 3-Condenser; 4-Feed water pump; 5-Steam fine-tuning valve; 6-Steam coarse-tuning valve; 7-Waste heat recovery unit; 8-Feed water regulating valve; 9-Steam pipeline; 10-Feed water pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments described in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] See Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test system for regulating water flow and temperature provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] This application provides a test system for regulating water flow and temperature, including an evaporator simulator 1, a condenser 3, a water pump 4, and a waste heat recovery device 7.

[0047] The outlet of the evaporator simulator 1 is connected to the outlet steam pipeline 9. The outlet steam pipeline 9 is divided into two branches, which are connected to the condenser 3 and the waste heat recovery unit 7 respectively via the steam regulating valve 2 and the steam coarse regulating valve 6.

[0048] Condenser 3 is connected to waste heat recovery unit 7 via steam fine adjustment valve 5; steam fine adjustment valve 5 works in conjunction with steam coarse adjustment valve 6 to control feedwater temperature.

[0049] The outlet of the condenser 3 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 4. The outlet of the water pump 4 is connected to the evaporator simulator 1 via the waste heat regenerator 7 and the water supply pipeline 10. The water supply pipeline 10 is equipped with a water supply regulating valve 8 to control the water supply flow.

[0050] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the steam regulating valve 2 is used to regulate the steam flow rate so as to stabilize the pressure of the evaporator simulator 1.

[0051] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the waste heat recovery unit 7 has no water storage space;

[0052] One waste heat recovery unit 7 can be used simultaneously by multiple evaporator simulators 1;

[0053] It should be noted that the waste heat recovery device 7 has a fast heating speed, which can make full use of the steam heat generated by the evaporator simulator 1, increase the enthalpy of the fluid entering the evaporator simulator 1, increase the adjustability of the feed water temperature during the test, and improve the operating efficiency of the evaporator simulator.

[0054] Based on the test system for water supply flow and temperature control provided in the above embodiments, this application also provides a test method for water supply flow and temperature control, including the following steps:

[0055] Heat the evaporator simulator 1, and open the steam regulating valve 2, steam fine regulating valve 5, steam coarse regulating valve 6 and feedwater regulating valve 8 to establish a steam and water circulation.

[0056] During the circulation process, the feedwater regulating valve 8 is adjusted to control the feedwater flow rate, and the steam fine regulating valve 5 and the steam coarse regulating valve 6 are adjusted in conjunction to control the feedwater temperature.

[0057] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the circulation of steam and water specifically includes:

[0058] Part of the saturated steam from the evaporator simulator 1 enters the condenser 3 through the steam pipeline 9, while another part of the saturated steam enters the waste heat recovery unit 7 and is condensed into saturated water, which then enters the condenser 3 for further cooling.

[0059] The condensate enters the water supply pump 4 from the condenser 3 and is pressurized, then returns to the evaporator simulator 1 via the water supply pipeline 10.

[0060] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the method for regulating the water supply flow rate is as follows:

[0061] When the water level of the evaporator simulator 1 is higher than the target water level preset value, reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve 8;

[0062] When the water level of the evaporator simulator 1 is lower than the target water level preset value, the opening of the water supply regulating valve 8 is increased.

[0063] In one example, the method for regulating the water supply flow also includes training the opening and closing speed of the water supply regulating valve 8:

[0064] When the water level in evaporator simulator 1 is higher than the target water level preset value, the initial adjustment speed V 1- Reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve 8 until the water level in the evaporator simulator drops to the target water level preset value;

[0065] When the water level of the evaporator simulator 1 is lower than the target water level preset value, the initial adjustment speed V is used. 1+ Increase the opening of the water supply regulating valve 8 until the water level of the evaporator simulator 1 rises to the target water level preset value;

[0066] When the water level in evaporator simulator 1 exceeds the target water level preset value again, change the adjustment speed to V. 2- Reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve 8 until the water level of the evaporator simulator 1 drops to the target water level preset value;

[0067] When the water level in evaporator simulator 1 falls below the target water level preset value again, change the adjustment speed to V. 2+ Increase the opening of the water supply regulating valve 8 until the water level of the evaporator simulator 1 rises to the target water level preset value;

[0068] Repeat the above steps to repeatedly train the opening and closing speed of the water supply regulating valve 8, so that the water level of the evaporator simulator 1 can recover to the target water level preset value at a preset speed.

[0069] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the method for regulating the water supply temperature is as follows:

[0070] Adjust the steam coarse adjustment valve 6 to ensure that the water temperature in the water supply pipeline 10 differs from the preset target water temperature by less than 3℃;

[0071] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline 10 is higher than the preset target water temperature, reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve 5;

[0072] When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline 10 is lower than the preset target water temperature, the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve 5 is increased.

[0073] In one example, the method for regulating the feedwater temperature also includes training the opening and closing speed of the steam coarse regulating valve 6, specifically as follows:

[0074] When the water temperature in water supply pipeline 10 is higher than the preset target water temperature, at an initial speed V 3- Reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve 5 until the water temperature in the water supply line 10 drops to the target water temperature preset value;

[0075] When the water temperature in water supply pipeline 10 is lower than the preset target water temperature, at the initial speed V 3+ Increase the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve 5 until the water temperature in the water supply line 10 rises to the target water temperature preset value;

[0076] When the water temperature in water supply line 10 exceeds the preset target water temperature again, change the adjustment speed to V. 4- Reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve 5 until the water temperature in the water supply pipeline 10 drops to the target water temperature preset value;

[0077] When the water temperature in water supply pipeline 10 falls below the preset target water temperature again, change the adjustment speed to V. 4+ Increase the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve 5 until the water temperature in the water supply line 10 rises to the target water temperature preset value;

[0078] Repeat the above steps to repeatedly train the opening and closing speed of the steam fine-tuning valve 5, so that the water temperature in the water supply pipeline 10 can recover to the target water temperature preset value at a preset speed.

[0079] In some possible implementations of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a test method for regulating water flow and temperature, which further includes: adjusting the opening of the steam regulating valve 2 to control the steam flow so that the pressure of the evaporator simulator 1 is kept stable.

[0080] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0081] (1) The system is equipped with a waste heat recovery device to heat part of the steam generated by the evaporator simulator. The waste heat recovery device has a fast heat exchange rate and can make full use of the steam heat generated by the evaporator simulator, increase the enthalpy of the fluid entering the evaporator simulator, increase the adjustability of the feed water temperature during the test process, and improve the operating efficiency of the evaporator simulator.

[0082] (2) A steam coarse adjustment valve is installed on the steam inlet pipeline of the waste heat regenerator, and a steam fine adjustment valve is installed on the outlet pipeline. The two are matched and adjusted to accurately control the outlet water temperature of the primary side of the waste heat regenerator. By training the opening and closing speed of the steam fine adjustment valve, the water temperature of the feed water pipeline can be quickly controlled to near the target water temperature. A feed water regulating valve is installed on the feed water pipeline. Through training, the opening degree can be automatically adjusted to regulate the flow resistance of the feed water pipeline, thereby quickly controlling the water level of the evaporator simulator to near the target value. This achieves simultaneous regulation of the system, feed water temperature and feed water flow rate, improving the accuracy and efficiency of regulation.

[0083] (3) Adjust the opening of the steam regulating valve to control the steam flow rate at the outlet of the evaporator simulator so that it does not fluctuate significantly, thereby maintaining the stable operation of the entire loop; thus achieving simultaneous adjustment of system pressure, feedwater temperature and feedwater flow rate.

[0084] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0085] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0086] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0087] The embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative of this application. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this application. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this application to better explain the principles and practical applications of this application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize this application.

Claims

1. A test method for regulating water flow and temperature, applied to a test system for regulating water flow and temperature, the system comprising an evaporator simulator (1), a condenser (3), a water pump (4), and a waste heat recovery device (7); The outlet of the evaporator simulator (1) is connected to the outlet steam pipeline (9). The outlet steam pipeline (9) is divided into two branches, which are connected to the condenser (3) and the waste heat recovery unit (7) respectively via the steam regulating valve (2) and the steam coarse regulating valve (6). The condenser (3) is connected to the waste heat recovery unit (7) through the steam fine adjustment valve (5); the steam fine adjustment valve (5) works in conjunction with the steam coarse adjustment valve (6) to control the feed water temperature; The outlet of the condenser (3) is connected to the inlet of the water pump (4). The outlet of the water pump (4) is connected to the evaporator simulator (1) via the waste heat regenerator (7) and the water supply pipeline (10). The water supply pipeline (10) is equipped with a water supply regulating valve (8) to control the water supply flow. The steam regulating valve (2) is used to regulate the steam flow rate so as to stabilize the pressure of the evaporator simulator (1); The waste heat recovery unit (7) has no water storage space; Its features are, Includes the following steps: Heat the evaporator simulator (1), open the steam regulating valve (2), steam fine regulating valve (5), steam coarse regulating valve (6) and feedwater regulating valve (8) to establish steam and water circulation; During the circulation process, the feedwater regulating valve (8) is adjusted to regulate the feedwater flow rate, and the steam fine regulating valve (5) and steam coarse regulating valve (6) are adjusted in conjunction to regulate the feedwater temperature; The method for regulating water supply flow is as follows: When the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) is higher than the target water level preset value, the opening of the water supply regulating valve (8) is reduced; When the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) is lower than the target water level preset value, the opening of the water supply regulating valve (8) is increased; The method for regulating the water supply flow also includes training the switching speed of the water supply regulating valve (8): When the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) is higher than the target water level preset value, the initial adjustment speed V 1- Reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve (8) until the water level in the evaporator simulator (1) drops to the target water level preset value; When the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) is lower than the target water level preset value, the initial adjustment speed V 1+ Increase the opening of the water supply regulating valve (8) until the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) rises to the target water level preset value; When the water level in the evaporator simulator (1) is again higher than the target water level preset value, change the adjustment speed to V. 2- Reduce the opening of the water supply regulating valve (8) until the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) drops to the target water level preset value; When the water level in the evaporator simulator (1) falls below the target water level preset value again, change the adjustment speed to V. 2+ Increase the opening of the water supply regulating valve (8) until the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) rises to the target water level preset value; Repeat the above steps to repeatedly train the opening and closing speed of the water supply regulating valve (8) so that the water level of the evaporator simulator (1) can recover the target water level preset value at a preset speed.

2. The test method for regulating water flow rate and temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific circulation of steam and water is as follows: Part of the saturated steam from the evaporator simulator (1) enters the condenser (3) through the steam pipeline (9), and another part of the saturated steam enters the waste heat recovery unit (7) and is condensed into saturated water, which then enters the condenser (3) for further cooling. The condensate enters the water supply pump (4) from the condenser (3) and is pressurized, then returns to the evaporator simulator (1) via the water supply pipeline (10).

3. The test method for controlling water flow rate and temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for adjusting the water supply temperature is as follows: Adjust the steam coarse adjustment valve (6) so that the water temperature of the water supply pipeline (10) differs from the target water temperature preset value by less than 3℃; When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline (10) is higher than the preset value of the target water temperature, reduce the opening of the steam fine adjustment valve (5); When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline (10) is lower than the preset value of the target water temperature, the opening of the steam fine adjustment valve (5) is increased.

4. The test method for controlling water flow rate and temperature according to claim 3, characterized in that, This also includes training the opening and closing speed of the steam coarse regulating valve (6), the specific method of which is as follows: When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline (10) is higher than the preset target water temperature, at an initial speed V 3- Reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve (5) until the water temperature in the water supply line (10) drops to the target water temperature preset value; When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline (10) is lower than the preset target water temperature, at an initial speed V 3+ Increase the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve (5) until the water temperature in the water supply line (10) rises to the target water temperature preset value; When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline (10) is higher than the preset target water temperature again, change the adjustment speed to V. 4- Reduce the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve (5) until the water temperature in the water supply line (10) drops to the target water temperature preset value; When the water temperature in the water supply pipeline (10) falls below the preset target water temperature again, change the adjustment speed to V. 4+ Increase the opening of the steam fine-tuning valve (5) until the water temperature in the water supply line (10) rises to the target water temperature preset value; Repeat the above steps to repeatedly train the opening and closing speed of the steam fine-tuning valve (5) so that the water temperature of the water supply pipeline (10) can recover the target water temperature preset value at the preset speed.

5. A test method for regulating water supply flow and temperature according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes adjusting the opening of the steam regulating valve (2) to control the steam flow rate so that the pressure of the evaporator simulator (1) remains stable.

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