Permanent magnet proportional electromagnet and diesel engine governor

Abstract

The application provides a permanent magnet type proportional electromagnet and a diesel engine governor. The permanent magnet type proportional electromagnet adopts a permanent magnet as a moving part, and is provided with a first coil structure and a second coil structure. The first coil structure comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the first coil and the second coil are independently powered on and off. The second coil structure comprises a third coil and a fourth coil, and the third coil and the fourth coil are independently powered on and off. In this way, the first coil structure and the second coil structure of the permanent magnet type proportional electromagnet reduce the resistance and inductance and lower the loss under the condition of ensuring the electromagnetic force, so that the response speed can be improved. Moreover, when the first coil and the second coil in the first coil structure and the third coil and the fourth coil in the second coil structure are simultaneously powered on, coarse adjustment can be realized, and the adjustment range is large; when only one group of coils is powered on, fine adjustment can be realized, and the adjustment range is small, so that more use requirements can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diesel engine component structure technology, and more specifically, to a permanent magnet proportional electromagnet and a diesel engine speed governor. Background Technology

[0002] When a diesel engine operates, changes in external load cause variations in engine speed. If the load increases, the engine speed decreases, leading to a reduction in the fuel supply and further speed reduction, potentially causing stalling. Conversely, if the load decreases, the engine speed increases, leading to a greater fuel supply and potentially causing runaway. The governor can autonomously adjust the fuel supply based on changes in external load, ensuring the engine speed varies within a narrow range and that the fuel supply is always matched to the load. The electro-hydraulic speed governor (EDG) is the core component controlling speed changes, and the proportional electromagnet is its core structure. Its performance directly affects the governor's accuracy and response speed in regulating the diesel engine speed.

[0003] Traditional diesel engine governors mostly use electric motors or proportional electromagnets as regulating actuators. Most existing proportional electromagnets use a structure with added magnetic isolation rings. However, the structure with magnetic isolation rings is complex to manufacture and difficult to produce. Although some proportional electromagnet structures using permanent magnets as movable bodies have emerged, the existing proportional electromagnets have a slow response speed and high losses, which in turn affect the response speed of the diesel engine governor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a permanent magnet proportional electromagnet that can improve the technical problems of slow response speed and high loss of proportional electromagnets.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a diesel engine speed governor that can improve the technical problem of slow response speed of proportional electromagnets.

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in the following ways:

[0007] A permanent magnet proportional electromagnet, the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet comprising:

[0008] A housing having a receiving cavity and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity;

[0009] A magnetically conductive partition is disposed in the receiving cavity to divide the receiving cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber;

[0010] A permanent magnet, located at the opening, with a portion of the permanent magnet corresponding to the first chamber and another portion corresponding to the second chamber; and

[0011] A first coil structure and a second coil structure are provided. The first coil structure is disposed in the first cavity and is used to form a first magnetic circuit surrounding the first cavity in the housing, the magnetically conductive partition, and the permanent magnet. The second coil structure is disposed in the second cavity and is used to form a second magnetic circuit surrounding the second cavity in the housing, the magnetically conductive partition, and the permanent magnet.

[0012] The first coil structure has a winding direction opposite to that of the second coil structure and is used to drive the permanent magnet to move in the distribution direction of the first chamber and the second chamber; the first coil structure includes a first coil and a second coil, which are independently energized and de-energized; the second coil structure includes a third coil and a fourth coil, which are independently energized and de-energized.

[0013] Optionally, the first coil structure further includes a first frame;

[0014] The first coil and the second coil are wound side by side on the first frame; or,

[0015] The first coil and the second coil are respectively wound on the first frame, and the first coil and the second coil are located at different radial positions on the first frame.

[0016] Optionally, the first coil is wound on the first frame to form an inner layer structure, and the second coil is wound on the first frame to form an outer layer structure.

[0017] Optionally, the second coil structure further includes a second frame;

[0018] The third coil and the fourth coil are wound side by side on the second frame; or...

[0019] The third coil and the fourth coil are respectively wound on the second frame, and the third coil and the fourth coil are located at different radial positions on the second frame.

[0020] Optionally, the third coil is wound on the second frame to form an inner layer structure, and the fourth coil is wound on the second frame to form an outer layer structure.

[0021] Optionally, the first coil and the third coil are connected in series; and / or,

[0022] The second coil and the fourth coil are connected in series.

[0023] Optionally, the housing is a circumferentially closed annular structure, and the opening is located on the inner circumferential side of the housing; the first chamber and the second chamber are distributed along the axial direction of the housing.

[0024] Optionally, the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet further includes a valve core, which passes through the central through hole of the housing; the valve core is connected to the permanent magnet through an elastic element so that the valve core moves when the permanent magnet moves.

[0025] Optionally, the housing includes an outer peripheral wall, a first end wall, a second end wall, a first magnetic attraction portion, and a second magnetic attraction portion; the outer peripheral wall is annular, the first end wall and the second end wall are respectively located at the two axial ends of the outer peripheral wall and extend radially inward along the outer peripheral wall; the first magnetic attraction portion is located at the radially inner end of the first end wall and extends axially towards the second end wall along the outer peripheral wall; the second magnetic attraction portion is located at the radially inner end of the second end wall and extends axially towards the first end wall along the outer peripheral wall; the first magnetic attraction portion, the first end wall, the outer peripheral wall, the second end wall, and the second magnetic attraction portion form the receiving cavity, and the opening is formed between the first magnetic attraction portion and the second magnetic attraction portion.

[0026] A diesel engine governor, the diesel engine governor comprising the aforementioned permanent magnet proportional electromagnet.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet and diesel engine speed governor provided by the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0028] The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a housing, a magnetically conductive partition, a permanent magnet, a first coil structure, and a second coil structure. The housing has a receiving cavity and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity. The magnetically conductive partition is disposed in the receiving cavity to divide the receiving cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first coil structure is disposed in the first chamber, and the permanent magnet is disposed at the opening, with a portion of the permanent magnet corresponding to the first chamber. Thus, the magnetic field generated by the first coil structure forms a first magnetic circuit surrounding the first chamber through the housing, the magnetically conductive partition, and the permanent magnet. The second coil structure is disposed in the second chamber, with another portion of the permanent magnet corresponding to the second chamber. Thus, the magnetic field generated by the second coil structure forms a second magnetic circuit surrounding the second chamber through the housing, the magnetically conductive partition, and the permanent magnet. The winding directions of the first coil structure and the second coil structure are opposite, and they are used to drive the permanent magnet to move in the distribution direction of the first and second chambers. The first coil structure includes a first coil and a second coil, which are independently energized and de-energized. The second coil structure includes a third coil and a fourth coil, which are independently energized and de-energized. In this permanent magnet proportional electromagnet, the first and second coil structures reduce resistance and inductance while ensuring electromagnetic force, thereby lowering proportional valve losses and improving response speed. Furthermore, coarse adjustment can be achieved when the first and second coils in the first coil structure, as well as the third and fourth coils in the second coil structure, are simultaneously energized, providing a wide adjustment range. Fine adjustment can be achieved when only one set of coils is energized, providing a smaller adjustment range, thus meeting a wider range of application needs.

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a diesel engine governor, which includes the aforementioned permanent magnet proportional electromagnet. Because this diesel engine governor includes the aforementioned permanent magnet proportional electromagnet, it also has the beneficial effects of low proportional electromagnet loss, fast response speed, and the ability to achieve more precise and rapid motion adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The above-described features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood after reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, components are not necessarily drawn to scale, and components having similar related characteristics or features may have the same or similar reference numerals.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to one aspect of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit formed inside a permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to one aspect of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Figure 3 A top view of a permanent magnet proportional electromagnet provided according to one aspect of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of a first coil structure provided according to one aspect of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of a first coil structure provided according to another aspect of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 100 - Permanent magnet proportional electromagnet; 110 - Housing; 111 - Outer peripheral wall; 112 - First end wall; 113 - Second end wall; 114 - First magnetic attraction part; 115 - Second magnetic attraction part; 116 - Receiving cavity; 117 - First chamber; 118 - Second chamber; 119 - Opening; 120 - Magnetic guide plate; 130 - Permanent magnet; 140 - First coil structure; 142 - First coil; 145 - Second coil; 147 - First frame; 150 - Second coil structure; 152 - Third coil; 155 - Fourth coil; 157 - Second frame; 161 - First magnetic circuit; 162 - Second magnetic circuit; 163 - Third magnetic circuit; 171 - Valve core; 172 - Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the aspects described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," or "vertical" appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0040] At the same time, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components, etc. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 provided in this embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit formed within the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 provided in this embodiment. Please refer to... Figure 1 This embodiment provides a permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100, and also provides a diesel engine speed governor (not shown in the figure).

[0043] The diesel engine governor includes the aforementioned permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100, and also includes other components found in conventional governors. For example, when the diesel engine governor is a fully electric governor, it also includes, but is not limited to, a speed adjustment potentiometer, a speed sensor, and a controller.

[0044] The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 includes a housing 110, a magnetically conductive partition 120, a permanent magnet 130, a first coil structure 140, and a second coil structure 150. The housing 110 has a receiving cavity 116 and an opening 119 communicating with the receiving cavity 116. The magnetically conductive partition 120 is disposed in the receiving cavity 116 to divide the receiving cavity 116 into a first chamber 117 and a second chamber 118. A first coil structure 140 is disposed in a first chamber 117, and a permanent magnet 130 is disposed at an opening 119, with a portion of the permanent magnet 130 corresponding to the first chamber 117. Thus, the magnetic field generated by the first coil structure 140 forms a first magnetic circuit 161 surrounding the first chamber 117 through the housing 110, the magnetically conductive partition 120, and the permanent magnet 130. A second coil structure 150 is disposed in a second chamber 118, with another portion of the permanent magnet 130 corresponding to the second chamber 118. Thus, the magnetic field generated by the second coil structure 150 forms a second magnetic circuit 162 surrounding the second chamber 118 through the housing 110, the magnetically conductive partition 120, and the permanent magnet 130. The winding directions of the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 are opposite, and they are used to drive the permanent magnet 130 to move in the distribution direction of the first chamber 117 and the second chamber 118. The first coil structure 140 includes a first coil 142 and a second coil 145, which are independently energized and de-energized. The second coil structure 150 includes a third coil 152 and a fourth coil 155, which are also independently energized and de-energized. Thus, in this permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100, the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 reduce resistance and inductance while maintaining electromagnetic force, thereby reducing proportional valve losses and improving response speed. Furthermore, when the first coil 142 and the second coil 145 in the first coil structure 140, and the third coil 152 and the fourth coil 155 in the second coil structure 150, coarse adjustment can be achieved with a large adjustment range; when only one set of coils is energized, fine adjustment can be achieved with a smaller adjustment range, thus meeting more application needs.

[0045] The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 provided in this embodiment will be further described below:

[0046] Figure 3 This is a top view of the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 provided in this embodiment. It should be noted that the reference for this top view is based on... Figure 1 The viewpoint shown is a normal viewpoint. Please refer to the reference. Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, the housing 110 is a circumferentially closed annular component, and the opening 119 is located on the inner circumferential side of the housing 110. It should be noted that, in the description of this embodiment, "annular component" refers to a circumferentially closed structure with its ends connected. Optionally, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the housing 110 in this embodiment is a circular ring. It can be understood that the shape of the housing 110 is not limited to a circular ring, and it can also be other shapes with the ends connected.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first chamber 117 and the second chamber 118 are distributed along the axial direction of the housing 110. In other words, the magnetically conductive partition 120 is disposed in the middle of the axial direction of the receiving cavity 116 of the housing 110. Optionally, the housing 110 includes an outer peripheral wall 111, a first end wall 112, and a second end wall 113. The outer peripheral wall 111 is annular, and its hollow extension direction is the axial direction of the outer peripheral wall 111, which is also the axial direction of the housing 110. The first end wall 112 and the second end wall 113 are respectively located at the two ends of the axial direction of the outer peripheral wall 111 and extend radially inward along the outer peripheral wall 111, thus forming the receiving cavity 116 on the radially inner side of the outer peripheral wall 111. Specifically, the outer peripheral wall 111 is cylindrical, and the first end wall 112 and the second end wall 113 are both annular plate-shaped pieces. The radially outer ends of the first end wall 112 and the second end wall 113 are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall 111. Thus, an opening 119 is formed between the radially inner ends of the first end wall 112 and the second end wall 113. A magnetically conductive partition 120 is disposed between the first end wall 112 and the second end wall 113, thereby dividing the receiving cavity 116 between the first end wall 112 and the second end wall 113 into a first chamber 117 located between the first end wall 112 and the magnetically conductive partition 120, and a second chamber 118 located between the second end wall 113 and the magnetically conductive partition 120. Accordingly, the portion of the opening 119 located between the first end wall 112 and the magnetically conductive partition 120 corresponds to the first chamber 117, and the portion of the opening 119 located between the second end wall 113 and the magnetically conductive partition 120 corresponds to the second chamber 118.

[0048] It should be noted that, in the description of this embodiment, "radial inner end" refers to the end that is closer to the axis in the radial direction, and correspondingly, "radial outer end" refers to the end that is farther away from the axis in the radial direction.

[0049] Furthermore, the housing 110 also includes a first magnetic attraction portion 114 and a second magnetic attraction portion 115. The first magnetic attraction portion 114 is located at the radially inner end of the first end wall 112 and extends axially towards the second end wall 113 along the outer peripheral wall 111. The second magnetic attraction portion 115 is located at the radially inner end of the second end wall 113 and extends axially towards the first end wall 112 along the outer peripheral wall 111. Thus, in this embodiment, an opening 119 is formed between the first magnetic attraction portion 114 and the second magnetic attraction portion 115, and the permanent magnet 130 is disposed between the first magnetic attraction portion 114 and the second magnetic attraction portion 115.

[0050] When neither the first coil structure 140 nor the second coil structure 150 is energized, there is a mutual attraction between the housing 110 and the permanent magnet 130. Specifically, the first magnetic attraction part 114 has the opposite magnetism to the upper end of the permanent magnet 130, thus the first magnetic attraction part 114 generates an upward attraction force on the permanent magnet 130; the second magnetic attraction part 115 has the opposite magnetism to the lower end of the permanent magnet 130, thus the second magnetic attraction part 115 generates a downward attraction force on the permanent magnet 130, thus forming a third magnetic circuit 163 between the housing 110 and the permanent magnet 130. When the permanent magnet 130 is in the middle position, the upward and downward attractive forces acting on it cancel each other out, and at this time, the permanent magnet 130 can be considered as not being attracted by the housing 110. When the permanent magnet 130 is closer to the first magnetic attracting part 114 than the second magnetic attracting part 115, it experiences an upward attractive force. When the permanent magnet 130 is closer to the second magnetic attracting part 115 than the first magnetic attracting part 114, it experiences a downward attractive force. In this case, the attractive force acting on the permanent magnet 130 is linearly related to its position.

[0051] The first coil structure 140 is disposed in the first chamber 117, and the second coil structure 150 is disposed in the second chamber 118. The winding direction of the first coil structure 140 is opposite to that of the second coil structure 150. When the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 are simultaneously energized, a first magnetic circuit 161 and a second magnetic circuit 162 with different vertical directions are generated through the intermediate magnetically conductive partition 120. The first magnetic circuit 161 generates an upward electromagnetic force on the permanent magnet 130, and the second magnetic circuit 162 generates an upward repulsive force on the permanent magnet 130. At this time, the force in the electromagnetic field on the permanent magnet 130 is the sum of the attraction force of the shell 110, the electromagnetic force generated by the first coil structure 140, and the electromagnetic force generated by the second coil structure 150. This resultant force is linearly related to the position of the permanent magnet 130. When the current changes, the permanent magnet 130 moves upward under the action of the resultant force (i.e., Figure 2When δ1 decreases and δ2 increases, as the permanent magnet 130 moves upward, the upward electromagnetic force generated by the first magnetic circuit 161 formed by the first coil structure 140 on the permanent magnet 130 gradually increases, while the upward electromagnetic force generated by the second magnetic circuit 162 formed by the second coil structure 150 on the permanent magnet 130 gradually decreases.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first coil structure 140 includes a first coil 142 and a second coil 145. The first coil 142 and the second coil 145 are independently energized and de-energized, meaning that the first coil structure 140 can control one or both of the first coil 142 and the second coil 145 to be energized and de-energized simultaneously as needed. Similarly, the second coil structure 150 includes a third coil 152 and a fourth coil 155. The third coil 152 and the fourth coil 155 are independently energized and de-energized, meaning that the second coil structure 150 can control one or both of the third coil 152 and the fourth coil 155 to be energized and de-energized simultaneously as needed. Compared to setting the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 as a single coil, setting the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 as coils with two independently energized and de-energized coils allows the resistance and inductance in the equivalent circuit to become one-quarter of the original while keeping the number of coil turns unchanged, i.e., keeping the electromagnetic force unchanged. This reduces the resistance, lowers the power loss of the coil, and reduces the inductance, thereby improving the response speed, while ensuring the electromagnetic force.

[0053] Furthermore, when only one set of coils in the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 is energized—for example, the first coil 142 and the third coil 152 are energized while the second coil 145 and the fourth coil 155 are de-energized—the electromagnetic force generated by the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 is smaller than the combined force generated when both sets of coils are energized. This reduces the range of motion of the permanent magnet 130, resulting in a smaller range of motion for the permanent magnet 130 under the same current adjustment range, allowing for more precise adjustment. This enables fine-tuning of the permanent magnet 130's position. Under stable low-load conditions, by setting some coils to be de-energized, the range of motion of the permanent magnet 130 is reduced, resulting in less oscillation and preventing overshoot.

[0054] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 are configured as coils with two independent on / off control according to requirements. It is understood that the solution of the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 can also be configured as coils with more independent on / off control, such as three.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the first coil structure 140 provided in this embodiment. Please refer to the attached diagram. Figures 1-4Optionally, the first coil structure 140 adopts an inner and outer layer structure, which also includes a first frame 147, which is a ring-shaped component. The first coil 142 and the second coil 145 are respectively wound on the first frame 147, and the first coil 142 and the second coil 145 are located at different radial positions on the first frame 147, thus forming an inner and outer layer structure in which the first coil 142 and the second coil 145 mutually cover each other.

[0056] It should be noted that the structure of the first coil structure 140 is not limited to this. It is understood that other structures may be used in other embodiments. For example, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another first coil structure 140 provided in this embodiment is shown, as follows: Figure 5 The first coil structure 140 shown adopts a double-wire parallel winding structure. Specifically, it has only one first frame 147, on which the first coil 142 and the second coil 145 are wound in parallel.

[0057] It should also be noted that in this embodiment, the first coil 142 and the second coil 145 are wound on the same frame. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the first frame 147 can also be configured to include two frames with different radial dimensions, one frame being fitted over the other frame, the first coil 142 being wound on one frame, and the second coil 145 being wound on the other frame. This allows for the generation of magnetic fields of different intensities by controlling the on and off states of the first coil 142 and the second coil 145 respectively.

[0058] Similarly, in this embodiment, the second coil structure 150 adopts an inner and outer layer structure, and its structure can be referred to Figure 4 The structure of the first coil structure 140 shown is specifically as follows: the second coil structure 150 further includes a second frame 157, and the third coil 152 and the fourth coil 155 are respectively wound on the second frame 157, and the third coil 152 and the fourth coil 155 are located at different radial positions on the second frame 157, thus forming an inner and outer layer structure in which the third coil 152 and the fourth coil 155 cover each other.

[0059] It should be noted that the structure of the second coil structure 150 is not limited to this. It is understood that other structures can also be used in some other embodiments. For example, the second coil structure 150 can adopt a double-wire parallel winding structure (see reference). Figure 5 The structure shown specifically has only one second frame 157, with the third coil 152 and the fourth coil 155 wound side by side on the second frame 157. Alternatively, the second frame 157 can be configured to include two frames with different radial dimensions.

[0060] Furthermore, the first coil 142 and the third coil 152 are connected in series, and the second coil 145 and the fourth coil 155 are connected in series. Thus, the first coil 142 and the third coil 152 can be simultaneously energized and de-energized, and correspondingly, the second coil 145 and the fourth coil 155 can also be simultaneously energized and de-energized. It is understood that in some other embodiments, depending on the requirements, only the first coil 142 and the third coil 152 may be connected in series, or only the second coil 145 and the fourth coil 155 may be connected in series.

[0061] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first coil 142 and the third coil 152 are connected in series to achieve synchronous power on and off. Similarly, the second coil 145 and the fourth coil 155 are connected in series to achieve synchronous power on and off. It is understood that in other embodiments, this can also be achieved in other ways, such as by using electronic control to control the synchronous power on and off of the first coil 142 and the third coil 152, as well as the synchronous power on and off of the second coil 145 and the fourth coil 155.

[0062] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 also includes a valve core 171, which passes through the central through hole of the housing 110. The valve core 171 is connected to the permanent magnet 130 via an elastic element 172, so that the valve core 171 moves when the permanent magnet 130 moves. Thus, the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 operates through the movement of the valve core 171. Specifically, the elastic element 172 is a spring, which is installed at the lower end of the permanent magnet 130, and its two ends are connected to the permanent magnet 130 and the valve core 171 respectively. The permanent magnet 130 and the valve core 171 achieve dynamic balance through the spring. When the current changes and the permanent magnet 130 moves upward or downward under the electromagnetic force generated by the coil, the movement of the permanent magnet 130 causes a change in the attractive force between itself and the housing 110. The change in spring compression causes the valve core 171 to start moving until a new balance is reached.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the permanent magnet 130 is connected to the valve core 171 via the elastic element 172, during the operation of the permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100, the permanent magnet 130 is subjected to forces not only from the electromagnetic field mentioned above, but also from the elastic force of the elastic element 172, and even its own weight. Therefore, for example, in a scenario where the valve core 171 is vertically positioned, the position where the permanent magnet 130 experiences zero force is located slightly below the center. Simultaneously, since the elastic force generated by the elastic element 172 is linearly related to the position of the permanent magnet 130, and gravity is constant, the net force on the permanent magnet 130 is still linearly related to its position.

[0064] The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet 100 and diesel engine speed governor provided in the embodiments of the present invention use a permanent magnet 130 as a moving part. The polarization magnetic field of the permanent magnet 130 and the magnetic field generated by the energized coil are superimposed to improve the output force characteristics of the system. A smaller current is required to control the position of the permanent magnet 130, reducing power consumption. The proportional adjustment of the displacement of the permanent magnet 130 has no dead zone, enabling bidirectional continuous adjustment. The first coil structure 140 and the second coil structure 150 each employ two sets of coils, reducing resistance and inductance while ensuring electromagnetic force, thus lowering losses and improving response speed. Coarse or fine adjustment can be used as needed. Under stable operating conditions, by energizing only one set of coils, the current fluctuation is small, and the oscillation amplitude is small. At this time, the inductance is greatly reduced, the response time of the permanent magnet 130 is shortened, and the response speed is faster. Furthermore, the reduced resistance lowers the heat generated by the coil, reducing losses.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet proportional electromagnet, characterized in that, The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet includes: A housing having a receiving cavity and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity; A magnetically conductive partition is disposed in the receiving cavity to divide the receiving cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber; A permanent magnet, located at the opening, with a portion of the permanent magnet corresponding to the first chamber and another portion corresponding to the second chamber; and A first coil structure and a second coil structure are provided. The first coil structure is disposed in the first cavity and is used to form a first magnetic circuit surrounding the first cavity in the housing, the magnetically conductive partition, and the permanent magnet. The second coil structure is disposed in the second cavity and is used to form a second magnetic circuit surrounding the second cavity in the housing, the magnetically conductive partition, and the permanent magnet. The first coil structure has a winding direction opposite to that of the second coil structure and is used to drive the permanent magnet to move in the distribution direction of the first chamber and the second chamber; the first coil structure includes a first coil and a second coil, which are independently energized and de-energized; the second coil structure includes a third coil and a fourth coil, which are independently energized and de-energized.

2. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first coil structure also includes a first frame; The first coil and the second coil are wound side by side on the first frame; or, The first coil and the second coil are respectively wound on the first frame, and the first coil and the second coil are located at different radial positions on the first frame.

3. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first coil is wound on the first frame to form an inner layer structure, and the second coil is wound on the first frame to form an outer layer structure.

4. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second coil structure also includes a second frame; The third coil and the fourth coil are wound side by side on the second frame; or... The third coil and the fourth coil are respectively wound on the second frame, and the third coil and the fourth coil are located at different radial positions on the second frame.

5. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third coil is wound on the second frame to form an inner layer structure, and the fourth coil is wound on the second frame to form an outer layer structure.

6. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first coil and the third coil are connected in series; and / or, The second coil and the fourth coil are connected in series.

7. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is a circumferentially closed annular structure, and the opening is located on the inner circumferential side of the housing; the first chamber and the second chamber are distributed along the axial direction of the housing.

8. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet also includes a valve core, which passes through the central through hole of the housing; the valve core is connected to the permanent magnet by an elastic element so that the valve core moves when the permanent magnet moves.

9. The permanent magnet proportional electromagnet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The housing includes an outer peripheral wall, a first end wall, a second end wall, a first magnetic attraction portion, and a second magnetic attraction portion. The outer peripheral wall is annular, with the first end wall and the second end wall located at opposite axial ends of the outer peripheral wall and extending radially inward. The first magnetic attraction portion is located at the radially inner end of the first end wall and extends axially towards the second end wall. The second magnetic attraction portion is located at the radially inner end of the second end wall and extends axially towards the first end wall. The first magnetic attraction portion, the first end wall, the outer peripheral wall, the second end wall, and the second magnetic attraction portion form the receiving cavity, with the opening between the first magnetic attraction portion and the second magnetic attraction portion.

10. A diesel engine speed governor, characterized in that, The diesel engine governor includes a permanent magnet proportional electromagnet as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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