Musical percussion instrument and vibrating tongue element

Abstract

The invention relates to a percussion instrument that produces sound by means of a striking resonance device. The technical effect of the proposed invention, whether the entire instrument is used or only the tongues, is that a complete chord can be produced with one tongue element (each complete chord has its own tongue element). This is achieved by the fact that, in comparison with the prior art, the percussion instrument designed to produce different frequencies has at least one vibrating tongue element with slots designed to produce different frequencies that form a chord. Various embodiments of the tongue element are proposed to solve the technical problem of producing a chord.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a percussion instrument that produces sound by striking a resonant body. Background Technology

[0002] The closest prior art is the percussion instrument described in Russian Patent No. 2570051, which is configured as a closed body with at least one surface made of metal and having an outwardly convex movable surface. A vibrating tongue element configured as a cantilever plate is cut on the movable surface. The body is provided with a resonant sound plate located below the movable surface and connected to the body wall of the instrument around its periphery. The vibrating tongue element plate includes three main parts: a root portion suspended relative to the body and two elongated side portions, each side portion having a long side connected to the root portion at a distance from the point where the root portion connects to the body.

[0003] The basic features shared by existing musical instruments and the technical solution of the present invention are as follows: the percussion instrument is configured as a closed body, which is composed of two parts, at least one of which is a movable part, made of metal and in an outwardly convex shape, and is provided with a vibrating tongue element.

[0004] In the prior art, a vibrating tongue element for a percussion instrument is also known, configured as a cantilever plate having three main parts: a root portion suspended relative to the instrument and two elongated side portions, each side portion having a long side portion connected to the root portion at a certain distance from the point where the root portion connects to the instrument. This tongue instrument is actually equipped with inner grooves configured to play the same note at different frequencies.

[0005] The basic features shared by prior art tongue elements and the technical solution of the present invention are as follows: a tongue element for a percussion instrument, the tongue element being configured in the form of a plate, the plate being connected to a body via at least one region, and having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies. Specifically, according to embodiments of the tongue element of the present invention: in a first embodiment, a tongue element for a percussion instrument is provided, the tongue element being configured in the form of a cantilever plate, the cantilever plate having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies, the inner groove forming a dumbbell-shaped region on the cantilever plate; in a second embodiment, a tongue element for a percussion instrument is provided, the tongue element being configured in the form of a plate connected to the instrument body, the plate having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies; in a third embodiment, a tongue element for a percussion instrument is provided, the tongue element being configured in the form of a cantilever plate, the cantilever plate having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies.

[0006] In addition to being configured as a cantilever, the element can also be attached to the body via multiple areas. However, the aforementioned plate is not necessarily cut from the "body" of the instrument, but can be, for example, made separately and then welded to the instrument.

[0007] Existing musical instruments and their tongue elements are configured to play a note at a specific frequency. The ratio of their vibration frequencies is 1:2:3:4, for example, 110 Hz + 220 Hz + 330 Hz + 440 Hz, and to the listener, it sounds like a 110 Hz note rich in overtones.

[0008] To play chords (a common musical technique) on existing musical instruments, at least two, more preferably three or more, clapper elements must be used (because chords are combinations of sounds with frequencies proportional to a natural sequence, resulting in a specific rhythm that produces the desired auditory experience for the listener). This makes playing more complex, as musicians, for example, need to use both hands, reducing their ability to play melodies and requiring more skill and focus. Thus, the performer must actually choose between playing richer chord progressions and richer melodies, which reduces the effectiveness of the performance and makes playing more difficult, especially for amateurs, as the instruments are primarily designed for them. Furthermore, the limited note set on the instrument (due to the need to simplify learning and prevent unintentional dissonant note combinations) makes it impossible to produce useful chords by combining existing clapper elements, further diminishing the instrument's playability. A musical piece typically contains four to six different chords, such as C major + F major + A minor + G major, which are played sequentially, for example, each chord lasting two seconds and repeating in a cycle. For example, this can be observed when singing while playing the guitar. Summary of the Invention

[0009] By using this invention, the following technical effect can be achieved whether the entire instrument or the clapper is used alone: ​​a complete chord can be played by acting on only one clapper element (each complete chord corresponds to a dedicated clapper element).

[0010] This is achieved by a percussion instrument configured as a closed body consisting of two parts, at least one of which is a movable part made of metal and convex in shape, on which a vibrating tongue element is provided, the vibrating tongue element having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies, at least one vibrating tongue element having a groove configured to play frequencies forming chords compared to the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned technical solution for chord playing, several implementations of the tongue element are provided.

[0012] Therefore, according to a first embodiment of the tongue element of a percussion instrument, the tongue element is configured in the form of a cantilever plate having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies, the inner groove forming a dumbbell-shaped area on the cantilever plate. Compared with the prior art, the tongue element is configured asymmetrically, with a groove forming a dumbbell-shaped area on one side relative to the connecting area, and a rectangular or arc-shaped area on the other side.

[0013] According to a second embodiment of the tongue element of a percussion instrument, the tongue element is configured to be attached to a plate of the instrument body, the plate having inner grooves configured to play different frequencies, and compared with the prior art, the plate has two areas for attachment to the instrument body, and the plate is defined by two helical grooves with different orientations.

[0014] According to a third embodiment of the tongue element of a percussion instrument, the tongue element is configured as a cantilever plate having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies. Compared with the prior art, the inner groove and the outer groove (i.e., those grooves that separate the tongue element from the instrument body) form a spiral shape.

[0015] It should be noted that the connection area of ​​the tongue element can be set at any angle relative to the radius of the moving part.

[0016] The aforementioned features (i.e., slots configured to play frequencies that form chords) allow a particular chord to be played by acting on a single tongue element tuned to play the full chord, thus freeing up the player's hands to play, for example, an accompaniment melody, thereby reducing the demands on skill and concentration, while enabling the performance of complex chords that are not possible with traditional body constructions.

[0017] The musical instrument and tongue element of the present invention can be applied to percussion tongue instrument structures, such as metal tongue drums. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figures 1 to 7 The technical solution of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 1 An overall view of a musical instrument is shown, which has tongue elements (arranged around the outer ring) for playing single notes and tongue elements (five elements in the center) for playing chords.

[0020] Figures 2 to 4 A specific implementation of a tongue element for playing chords on a percussion instrument is shown.

[0021] Figures 5 to 7 It shows Figures 2 to 4The main vibration frequencies of each part of the tongue element shown are as follows. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a musical instrument (with an active part having a tongue element) includes a tongue element 1 for playing a single note and a tongue element 2 for playing chords. Here, as in the prior art, if the patterns of tongue elements 1 and 2 are scaled, all their frequencies will change, but the ratios between these frequencies will remain unchanged.

[0023] Figures 2 to 4 The clasp elements shown are configured to play chords. These clasp elements are formed by cutting into the original sheet metal.

[0024] Figure 2 The tongue element 2 is cantilevered to the main body via its root portion 3 and includes a dumbbell-shaped region 4 (hereinafter referred to as "dumbbell"). The tongue element 2 has seven tuned first frequencies that form a major chord (1:1.5:2.52:4:5.04:8:10.04) or a minor chord (1:1.5:2.38:4:4.76:8:9.51). The principal (first) frequency sound is generated by vibrating the entire tongue element 2 plate in a cantilevered manner. Figure 5 (a) and the primary (first) frequency of sound is determined by the size of the plate and the width of the base portion of the plate, which are selected as part of the shape design process. The second frequency of sound is generated by torsional vibration of the dumbbell 4 around its base 5 (base portion). Figure 5 (b) The dumbbell is attached to the base 6 of the tongue element 2 plate via the base; as part of the design process, the moment of inertia of the dumbbell 4 relative to the vibration axis and the stiffness (e.g., rigidity) of the base 5 are selected such that the vibration frequency is 1.5 times the dominant (first) frequency. A third frequency sound is generated by torsional vibration of the same dumbbell 4 relative to an axis perpendicular to the previous axis. Figure 5 (c) In this paper, the base 5 of the dumbbell is bent rather than twisted, and the moment of inertia of the dumbbell 4 relative to this axis is chosen such that, under this bending stiffness of the base 5, the vibration frequency is 2.52 times the first frequency (this is true when the tongue element 2 produces a major chord, and 2.38 times when it produces a minor chord). A fourth frequency sound is produced by making the lower half of the dumbbell 4 cantilevered on its narrow base 7 and on the base 6 of the tongue element 2 plate. Figure 5In section d), the inertial characteristics of the lower half of dumbbell 4, the bending stiffness of the base 5, and the inertial and stiffness characteristics of the base 6 are selected such that the vibration frequency is four times the first frequency. By causing the upper half of dumbbell 4 to undergo torsional vibration, accompanied by bending of its narrow base 7 and some other secondary movements, a fifth frequency sound is generated ( Figure 5 (e). The moment of inertia of the upper half of dumbbell 4 relative to the vibration axis and the bending stiffness of the base 5 of the dumbbell are selected such that the vibration frequency is 5.04 times the first frequency (this is true when the tongue element produces a major chord, and 4.76 times when it produces a minor chord). By causing the lower half of dumbbell 4 to torsionally vibrate, accompanied by bending of its narrow base 7 and certain secondary movements of the upper half of dumbbell 4, a sixth frequency sound is produced ( Figure 5 (f in the original text). As part of the design process, the moment of inertia of the lower half of dumbbell 4 relative to the vibration axis and the bending stiffness of the dumbbell base in that direction are selected such that the vibration frequency is 8 times the first frequency. By causing the lower half of dumbbell 4 to undergo torsional vibration, accompanied by bending of its narrow base 7 and certain secondary movements of the upper half of dumbbell 4 in the opposite phase to the previous vibration, a seventh frequency sound is generated (f in the original text). Figure 5 g). As part of the design process, the moment of inertia of the lower half of dumbbell 4 relative to the vibration axis and the bending stiffness of the base of the dumbbell in that direction are selected such that the vibration frequency is 10.08 times the first frequency (this is true when the tongue element produces a major chord, and 9.51 times when it produces a minor chord).

[0025] Figure 3 The tongue element is connected to the main body at two points (i.e., at the upper left and lower right corners) via the root portion 3. This tongue element has six tuned first frequencies that form a major chord (1:1.5:2.52:4:5.04:8) or a minor chord (1:1.5:2.38:4:4.76:8). The principal (first) frequency is produced by cantilevering the lower portion of the tongue element 2 plate on the lower base 6 and partially on the upper base 6. Figure 6 (a) and the sound of the primary (first) frequency is determined by the ratio between the mass and moment of inertia of the lower portion of the tongue element 2 plate, which is selected as part of the shape design process, and the ratio between the stiffness of the base 6 of the tongue element and the stiffness at the connection between the base and the second base 6. The sound of the second frequency is generated by causing the upper portion of the tongue element 2 plate to vibrate cantileveredly on the upper base 6 and partially on the lower base 6. Figure 6(b) As part of the design process, the mass and moment of inertia of the upper portion of the tongue element 2 plate, the stiffness of the base 6 at the upper portion, and the stiffness at the connection between the base and the second base 6 are selected such that the vibration frequency is 1.5 times the first frequency. By causing the entire body of the tongue element 2 plate to torsionally vibrate relative to the horizontal axis, accompanied by bending and twisting of the two bases 6, a third frequency sound is generated ( Figure 6 (c) The moment of inertia of the moving part of the plate relative to the axis and the stiffness values ​​of the two bases 6 are selected such that the vibration frequency is 2.52 times the first frequency (this is true when the tongue element produces a major chord, and 2.38 times when it produces a minor chord). By causing the upper part of the tongue element 2 plate to torsionally vibrate, accompanied by bending and twisting of the two bases 6, a fourth frequency sound is produced ( Figure 6 (d) The moment of inertia of the upper part of the tongue element 2 plate relative to its vibration axis, the stiffness of the upper base 6, and the stiffness at the connection between the upper base and the lower base 6 are selected such that the vibration frequency is four times the first frequency. By causing the central part of the tongue element to undergo torsional vibration relative to the connection between the central part and the upper and lower bases 6, and simultaneously accompanied by certain secondary movements in other areas of the tongue element 2 plate, a fifth frequency sound is generated ( Figure 6 (e). As part of the design process, the moment of inertia of the central portion of the tongue element 2 plate relative to its vibration axis and the stiffness value at the connection between the central portion and the two bases 6 are selected such that the vibration frequency is 5.04 times the first frequency (this is true when the tongue element produces a major chord, and 4.76 times when it produces a minor chord). By torsional vibration of the central portion and the lower portion (moving in the direction opposite to the nearest end of the central portion) of the tongue element 2 plate, accompanied by bending of the connection between the central portion and the lower base 6 and bending of the lower base 6 itself, a sixth frequency sound is generated. As part of the design process, the mass and moment of inertia of the vibrating part, the stiffness at the connection between the central portion and the lower base 6, and the stiffness of the base 6 are selected such that the vibration frequency is 8 times the first frequency.

[0026] Figure 4 The tongue element 2 is cantilevered to the main body via the base 6 and configured in a helical form. The tongue element 2 has six tuned first frequencies that form either a major chord (1:1.5:2.52:4:6:8) or a minor chord (1:1.5:2.38:4:6:8). The principal (first) frequency is produced by vibrating the entire tongue element 2 plate in a cantilevered manner. Figure 7(a) and the sound of the primary (first) frequency is determined by the size of the tongue element 2 plate and the width of the root portion 3 of the tongue element plate, which are selected as part of the shape design process. The sound of the second frequency is generated by torsional vibration of the entire tongue element 2 plate relative to an axis set at approximately 45 degrees and passing roughly through the center of the tongue element 2 plate. Figure 7 (b) The vibration frequency is determined by the moment of inertia of the entire tongue element 2 plate relative to the axis and the bending / torsional stiffness of the root portion 3 of the tongue, and this vibration frequency is 1.5 times the first frequency. A third frequency sound is generated by torsional vibration of the external thread 8 relative to an approximately horizontal axis that passes approximately through the midpoint of the thread 8 and by secondary torsional vibration of the remaining portion of the tongue element 2 plate in the same direction relative to a lower-positioned axis. Figure 7 (c) The vibration frequency is primarily determined by the moment of inertia of the external thread 8 relative to its axis and the bending stiffness of the region of the tongue element 2 that connects the thread 8 to the rest of the tongue element 2 plate. These parameters are chosen such that the frequency is 2.52 times the dominant frequency (this is true when the tongue element produces a major chord, and 2.38 times when it produces a minor chord). A fourth frequency is produced by torsional vibration of the same external thread 8 relative to an approximately vertical axis passing roughly through its midpoint and by secondary vibration of the rest of the tongue element 2 plate. Figure 7 (d in the original text). The vibration frequency is determined by the moment of inertia of the external thread 8 relative to the axis and the bending stiffness of the area connecting the thread to the rest of the tongue element, and this vibration frequency is four times the first frequency. A fifth frequency sound is generated by torsional vibration of the internal thread 9 relative to an axis set at an angle of about 20 degrees to the horizontal plane and passing approximately through the midpoint of the internal thread 9, and by secondary vibration of the other parts of the tongue element 2 plate. Figure 7 (e). The vibration frequency is determined by the moment of inertia of the internal thread 9 relative to the axis and the bending stiffness of the region connecting the internal thread 9 to the rest of the tongue element 2 plate, and this vibration frequency is 6 times the first frequency. The sixth frequency sound is generated by torsional vibration of the same internal thread 9 relative to an axis substantially perpendicular to the previous vibration axis (the fifth frequency) and by secondary torsional vibration of the rest of the tongue element 2 plate. Figure 7 (f in the text). The vibration frequency is determined by the moment of inertia of the internal thread 9 relative to the axis and the bending stiffness of the area connecting the internal thread 9 to the rest of the tongue element 2 plate, and the vibration frequency is 8 times the first frequency.

Claims

1. A percussion instrument configured as a closed body, the closed body comprising two parts, at least one of the two parts being a movable part made of metal and having an outwardly convex shape, the movable part being provided with a vibrating tongue element having an inner groove configured to play different frequencies, characterized in that, At least one of the vibrating tongue elements has a slot configured to play frequencies corresponding to notes of different pitches in a major or minor chord, the common sound of which produces a chord played by a single vibrating tongue element.

2. The percussion instrument according to claim 1, wherein, The tongue element is configured as a cantilever plate, which is separated from other parts of the main body around a closed circumference and has an area fixedly connected to the main body and an inner groove configured to play different frequencies. The tongue element is characterized in that it is asymmetrical relative to the fixed area, having a groove forming a dumbbell-shaped region on one side of the connecting area and a rectangular or arc-shaped region on the other side. The dumbbell-shaped groove and the rectangular or arc-shaped groove are configured to play different frequencies, each frequency corresponding to a note of a different pitch in a single chord.

3. The percussion instrument according to claim 1, wherein, The tongue element is configured as a plate connected to the instrument body, the plate having inner grooves configured to play different frequencies, characterized in that the plate has two regions for connecting to the instrument body, and the plate is defined by two helical grooves with different orientations.

4. The percussion instrument according to claim 1, wherein, The tongue element is configured as a cantilever plate, the cantilever plate having an inner groove and an outer groove configured to play different frequencies, characterized in that the inner groove and the outer groove form a spiral shape.

5. The percussion instrument according to claim 2, wherein, The tongue element has slots configured to play seven frequencies, the seven frequencies forming a major chord with a ratio of 1:1.5:2.52:4:5.04:8:10.04 or a minor chord with a ratio of 1:1.5:2.38:4:4.76:8:9.

51.

6. The percussion instrument according to claim 3, wherein, The tongue element has slots configured to play six frequencies, which form major chords in a ratio of 1:1.5:2.52:4:5.04:8 or minor chords in a ratio of 1:1.5:2.38:4:4.76:

8.

7. The percussion instrument according to claim 4, wherein, The tongue element has slots configured to play six frequencies, which form major chords in a ratio of 1:1.5:2.52:4:6:8 or minor chords in a ratio of 1:1.5:2.38:4:6:8.

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