A copper alloy and a method for producing the same

Abstract

The application relates to the metallurgical technical field and provides a copper alloy and a preparation method thereof. The preparation raw material of the copper alloy comprises the following components: Fe, 5.0-10.0 wt%; Ti, 0.2-0.4 wt%; and the rest is Cu. Through 5.0-10.0 wt% of Fe, the magnetic permeability of the alloy can be effectively improved, and the absorption loss of low-frequency electromagnetic waves can be enhanced; meanwhile, the high conductivity of the Cu matrix can realize the reflection loss of high-frequency electromagnetic waves; the two can form a synergistic effect of "reflection-absorption", and the problem of insufficient shielding efficiency caused by unreasonable Fe content of a traditional Cu-Fe alloy can be solved; 0.2-0.4 wt% of Ti effectively inhibits the segregation of the Fe phase, helps to reduce the size of the primary Fe phase, promotes the precipitation of the nano Fe phase, makes the Fe phase more uniformly distributed in the Cu matrix, further optimizes the scattering and attenuation effect of the interface structure on electromagnetic waves, and finally realizes systematic improvement of the multi-frequency shielding effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of metallurgical technology, and in particular relates to a copper alloy and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industry, copper alloys are widely used in numerous sectors, including electronics, electrical engineering, machinery manufacturing, aerospace, and transportation, due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and good machinability. With continuous technological advancements and increasingly stringent material performance requirements across industries, higher demands are being placed on the comprehensive properties of copper alloys, such as strength, hardness, and electrical conductivity.

[0003] In related technologies, various alloying elements are typically added to the copper matrix to improve the performance of copper alloys. Cu-Fe alloy is a highly valuable metallic material with diverse properties. Cu-Fe alloys exhibit good thermal conductivity and high hardness, demonstrating excellent performance in mold making; furthermore, their superior elasticity makes them suitable for electrical connectors, switches, relays, and earthquake-resistant structural materials. Additionally, Cu-Fe alloys can shield and absorb electromagnetic waves, although the shielding effect is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a copper alloy and its preparation method, which can improve the problem of the low electromagnetic wave shielding effect of Cu-Fe alloy.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a copper alloy, the raw materials for which the copper alloy is prepared include the following components: Fe, 5.0~10.0 wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.4wt%; The rest are Cu.

[0006] The copper alloy provided in this application, with 5.0~10.0 wt% Fe, can effectively improve the magnetic permeability of the alloy and enhance the absorption loss of low-frequency electromagnetic waves. At the same time, the high conductivity of the Cu matrix can realize the reflection loss of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The combination of the two forms a synergistic effect of "reflection-absorption", which makes up for the insufficient shielding effectiveness of traditional Cu-Fe alloys due to unreasonable Fe content. 0.2~0.4 wt% Ti effectively suppresses the segregation of Fe phase, helps to reduce the size of primary Fe phase, promotes the precipitation of nano Fe phase, and makes the Fe phase more uniformly distributed in Cu matrix. This further optimizes the scattering and attenuation effect of the interface structure on electromagnetic waves, and finally achieves a systematic improvement in the shielding effect of multiple frequency bands (especially mid- and low-frequency bands).

[0007] In some embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe, 5.0~8.0 wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.3wt%; The rest are Cu.

[0008] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a copper alloy, the method comprising: Provide the components of the copper alloy as described in any one of the first aspects, and melt the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid; The copper alloy liquid is drawn to obtain a copper alloy billet; The copper alloy billet is homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet. The pretreated copper alloy billet is hot-rolled to obtain a copper alloy rod. The copper alloy rod is subjected to annealing and cold rolling to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy. The semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0009] The copper alloy preparation method provided in this application involves melting the various components to obtain a copper alloy liquid, then drawing the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy billet, allowing the copper alloy liquid to solidify rapidly into a billet, reducing segregation and obtaining a dense initial microstructure. The copper alloy billet is then homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet, which eliminates component segregation and residual stress within the copper alloy billet and promotes the uniform distribution of second-phase particles. Finally, the pretreated copper alloy billet is hot-rolled, and high-temperature plastic deformation breaks down coarse grains, refines the microstructure, and significantly improves the alloy's strength and machinability. The resulting copper alloy rod exhibits improved overall mechanical properties. It is then subjected to annealing and cold rolling, which, while increasing strength through work hardening, eliminates internal stress and restores plasticity. This results in a semi-finished copper alloy with both high strength and good formability, meeting various processing requirements. Finally, the semi-finished copper alloy undergoes aging treatment to promote the precipitation of dispersed strengthening phases, further enhancing its hardness, strength, and stability. In particular, it strengthens and optimizes electromagnetic wave shielding performance, ultimately yielding a high-performance and stable finished copper alloy.

[0010] In some embodiments, the process of melting the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid includes: The components are placed in a melting device and heated and melted to obtain a copper alloy melt. The copper alloy melt is subjected to heat treatment to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of placing the components into a melting apparatus for heating and melting to obtain a copper alloy melt includes: Place all components into a melting apparatus and evacuate to a vacuum of 10°C. -1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 Pa ~ 8×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400±5℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt.

[0012] In some embodiments, the process of heat-holding the molten copper alloy to obtain a copper alloy liquid includes: The molten copper alloy is introduced into a heat preservation device, heated to 1350~1450℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250~1320℃ to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the process of drawing the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy billet, the drawing speed is 0.20~0.30m / min, the stopping time is 100~300ms, the reverse thrust is 0.05~0.2mm, and the drawing frequency is 20~40Hz.

[0014] In some embodiments, the homogenization treatment of the copper alloy billet to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet includes: The annealing apparatus is heated to 850~950℃, and the copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing apparatus. After 2 hours, the heating is stopped, and the copper alloy billet is cooled with the annealing apparatus to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0015] In some embodiments, hot rolling the pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod includes: The annealing apparatus is heated to 900~950℃, and the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing apparatus. After holding at the temperature for 20~30 minutes, it is hot rolled. The hot rolling temperature is 850~950℃, and the deformation is 80~90%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the annealing and cold rolling process of the copper alloy rod to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy includes: The annealing apparatus is heated to 450~550℃, the copper alloy rod is placed in the annealing apparatus, kept at the temperature for 1~2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod. The first annealed bar is pickled with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55-65%; The annealing apparatus is heated to 450~550℃, the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing apparatus, kept at the temperature for 1~2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar is pickled with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 45-55%; The annealing apparatus is heated to 450~550℃, the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing apparatus, kept at the temperature for 1~2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed bar is pickled with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 75-85%.

[0017] In some embodiments, aging the semi-finished copper alloy to obtain the finished copper alloy includes: The annealing apparatus is heated to 350~600℃, the semi-finished copper alloy is placed in the annealing apparatus, and after holding at the temperature for 0.5~2 hours, it is taken out, air-cooled to room temperature, and then acid-washed to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the copper alloy preparation method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a metallographic diagram of the copper alloy billet prepared in Example 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is a metallographic diagram of the copper alloy billet prepared in Example 2 of this application; Figure 4 This is a metallographic diagram of the copper alloy billet prepared in Comparative Example 1 provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5 This is a metallographic diagram of the copper alloy billet prepared in Comparative Example 2 provided in this application; Figure 6 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Example 1 provided in this application; Figure 7 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Example 2 of this application; Figure 8 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1 provided in this application embodiment; Figure 9 This is a SEM image of the finished copper alloy prepared in Comparative Example 2 provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0022] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0023] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", can both mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0024] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above processes does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0025] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] The weights of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiments of this application can refer not only to the specific content of each component, but also to the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, any scaling up or down of the content of the relevant components according to the embodiments of this application is within the scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Specifically, the mass described in the embodiments of this application can be a well-known unit of mass in the chemical industry, such as µg, mg, g, or kg.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, to distinguish objects, such as substances, from one another, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, "first XX" may also be referred to as "second XX," and similarly, "second XX" may also be referred to as "first XX." Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0028] In related technologies, Cu-Fe alloys are an important type of copper alloy, characterized by high strength and hardness, and good electrical conductivity, making them promising for applications in electrical engineering, aerospace, and other fields. Cu-Fe alloy wires can be used for magnetic conductive wires, electromagnetic shielding wires, and high-conductivity, high-tensile materials, while its sheets and strips can be used in smartphone heat sinks, electromagnetic shielding covers, electro-optic plates, and high-thermal-conductivity materials. Furthermore, Cu-Fe alloys are a highly valuable metallic material with diverse properties. They exhibit good thermal conductivity and high hardness, demonstrating excellent performance in mold making; their superior elasticity allows for applications in electrical connectors, switches, relays, and earthquake-resistant structural materials. In addition, Cu-Fe alloys possess magnetic properties not found in other Cu alloys, enabling them to shield and absorb electromagnetic waves and reducing the likelihood of static electricity, sparks, and data errors. Moreover, Fe is an abundant and inexpensive element on Earth, and the reuse of the alloy does not involve harmful substances.

[0029] However, existing Cu-Fe alloys still face numerous unresolved issues in practical applications. While they possess electromagnetic shielding capabilities, the imprecise design of alloy composition ratios results in generally low shielding effectiveness in the low-to-mid frequency bands, failing to meet the stringent requirements of modern electronic equipment for multi-band, high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding. Furthermore, excessively high Fe content significantly reduces alloy toughness, making them prone to cracking during complex machining processes, severely limiting their application in high-precision component manufacturing. In addition, existing Cu-Fe alloys exhibit insufficient oxidation resistance under harsh environments such as high temperature and high humidity, leading to shielding performance degradation with prolonged use, shortening product lifespan, and failing to meet the demands of high-end fields such as aerospace and extreme environment testing equipment.

[0030] Based on this, in order to improve the problem of low electromagnetic wave shielding effect of Cu-Fe alloy in related technologies, the embodiments of this application provide the following solutions.

[0031] The first aspect of this application provides a copper alloy, the raw materials for which the copper alloy is prepared include the following components: Fe 5.0~10.0wt%; Ti 0.2~0.4wt%; the remainder being Cu.

[0032] It can be understood that Fe 5.0~10.0wt% means that when the total weight of the raw materials is 100, the Fe content is between 5.0 and 10.0, for example, it can be 5.0, 8.0, 1.0, etc., but is not limited to this. Ti 0.2~0.4wt%, for example, it can be 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, etc., but is not limited to this.

[0033] As can be seen from the above, the copper alloy provided in this application, with 5.0~10.0 wt% Fe, can effectively improve the magnetic permeability of the alloy and enhance the absorption loss of low-frequency electromagnetic waves. At the same time, the high conductivity of the Cu matrix can realize the reflection loss of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The combination of the two forms a synergistic effect of "reflection-absorption", which makes up for the problem of insufficient shielding effectiveness caused by unreasonable Fe content in traditional Cu-Fe alloys. 0.2~0.4 wt% Ti effectively suppresses the segregation of the Fe phase, helps to reduce the size of the primary Fe phase, promotes the precipitation of nano Fe phase, and makes the Fe phase more uniformly distributed in the Cu matrix. This further optimizes the scattering and attenuation effect of the interface structure on electromagnetic waves, and finally achieves a systematic improvement in the shielding effect of multiple frequency bands (especially mid- and low-frequency bands).

[0034] In some embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe 5.0~8.0wt%; Ti 0.2~0.3wt%; the remainder being Cu.

[0035] With this composition, 5.0~8.0 wt% Fe ensures sufficient magnetic permeability to absorb low-frequency electromagnetic waves while reducing the risk of alloy toughness degradation caused by excessive Fe. The Ti content is controlled at 0.2~0.3 wt%, ensuring that it fully plays its role in refining grains and inhibiting Fe phase agglomeration, and further enhancing the alloy structure's ability to scatter and attenuate electromagnetic waves, thus achieving precise optimization of shielding effectiveness in the mid-to-low frequency range. Within this composition range, the synergistic effect of Fe and Ti is more significant. The strengthening effect of Fe and the grain refining effect of Ti work together to effectively improve the alloy's plasticity while maintaining high strength, making the copper alloy less prone to cracking during processing and more suitable for manufacturing complex structural parts.

[0036] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a copper alloy. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The methods for preparing copper alloys include: S100, providing the components of a copper alloy as described in any of the above embodiments, and melting the components to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0037] S200 is used to draw the molten copper alloy to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0038] S300 is used to homogenize copper alloy billets to obtain pretreated copper alloy billets.

[0039] S400 involves hot rolling a pretreated copper alloy billet to obtain a copper alloy rod.

[0040] S500 involves annealing and cold rolling a copper alloy rod to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy.

[0041] S600 is used to age semi-finished copper alloys to obtain finished copper alloys.

[0042] As can be seen from the above, the copper alloy preparation method provided in this application involves melting the various components to obtain a copper alloy liquid, and then drawing the copper alloy liquid to obtain a copper alloy billet, allowing the copper alloy liquid to solidify rapidly into a billet, reducing segregation and obtaining a dense initial structure. The copper alloy billet is then homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet, which eliminates component segregation and residual stress within the copper alloy billet and promotes the uniform distribution of second-phase particles. The pretreated copper alloy billet is then hot-rolled, and high-temperature plastic deformation breaks down coarse grains, refines the structure, and significantly improves the strength and... The processing performance of the copper alloy rod is improved, resulting in enhanced overall mechanical properties. The rod is then subjected to annealing and cold rolling, which, while increasing strength through work hardening, eliminates internal stress and restores plasticity. This results in a semi-finished copper alloy with both high strength and good formability, meeting various processing requirements. Finally, the semi-finished copper alloy undergoes aging treatment to promote the precipitation of dispersed strengthening phases, further enhancing its hardness, strength, and stability. In particular, it strengthens and optimizes electromagnetic wave shielding performance, ultimately yielding a high-performance and stable finished copper alloy.

[0043] In some embodiments, in step S100, the components are melted to obtain a copper alloy liquid, including: S110, the components are placed in a melting device for heating and melting to obtain a copper alloy melt.

[0044] S120 involves heat-insulating the molten copper alloy to obtain a copper alloy liquid.

[0045] It is understood that the melting device can be a medium-frequency induction furnace, an electric arc furnace, a melting crucible, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0046] This setup, by holding the molten copper alloy after heating and smelting, allows atoms inside the molten copper alloy to diffuse fully, optimizes element distribution, reduces structural inhomogeneity caused by local component segregation, and thus improves the overall performance stability of the copper alloy. At the same time, it allows impurities in the molten copper alloy to float to the surface and be discharged, reducing the negative impact of inclusions on the alloy's performance.

[0047] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S110, the components are placed in a melting apparatus for heating and melting to obtain a copper alloy melt, including: Place all components into a melting apparatus and evacuate to a vacuum of 10°C. -1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 Pa ~ 8×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400±5℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt.

[0048] Understandably, the pressure is 6 × 10. 4 Pa ~ 8×10 4 Pa, for example, could be 6 × 10 4 Pa, 7×10 4 Pa, 8×10 4 Pa, etc., but not limited to these.

[0049] This setup, through a two-stage vacuum-argon replacement process, significantly reduces the oxygen content within the smelting unit. Simultaneously, the inertness of argon prevents contact between copper and oxygen, inhibiting the oxidation of the molten copper. Furthermore, 6×10 4 Pa ~ 8×10 4 The slightly positive pressure environment of Pa prevents external air from penetrating and forms a stable argon protective layer on the surface of the copper melt, reducing gas absorption during the smelting process. This greatly inhibits the burn-off of easily oxidized elements such as Fe and Ti during high-temperature smelting, thereby improving the purity of the copper melt and providing a clean matrix environment for subsequent alloying reactions.

[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments, in step S120, the copper alloy molten metal is subjected to a heat treatment to obtain a copper alloy liquid, including: The molten copper alloy is introduced into a heat preservation device, heated to 1350~1450℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250~1320℃ to obtain the copper alloy liquid.

[0051] It is understood that the heat preservation device can be a resistance heat preservation furnace, an induction heat preservation furnace, etc., but is not limited to these. The temperature is raised to 1350~1450℃, for example, 1350℃, 1400℃, 1450℃, etc., but is not limited to these. The temperature is adjusted to 1250~1320℃, for example, 1250℃, 1300℃, 1320℃, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0052] This setup, involving heating the molten copper alloy to 1350-1450℃ and holding it for 5 minutes, enhances the fluidity of the molten alloy at high temperatures, allowing impurities such as gases and inclusions to rise to the surface and be expelled more easily. Simultaneously, this temperature range accelerates the diffusion rate of alloying elements, leading to a more uniform distribution of elements like Fe and Ti within the Cu matrix and reducing localized component segregation. Subsequently, adjusting the temperature to 1250-1320℃ is beneficial for controlling the solidification rate and crystal growth process of the molten alloy. Lower temperatures slow down crystal growth, promoting the formation of finer, denser grains during subsequent solidification. Furthermore, at this temperature, the dispersed strengthening phase formed by Ti can precipitate and distribute more uniformly, further enhancing the overall mechanical properties of the copper alloy, including strength, hardness, and toughness, in conjunction with the strengthening effect of Fe.

[0053] In some embodiments, in step S200, the copper alloy liquid is drawn to obtain a copper alloy billet, wherein the drawing speed is 0.20~0.30m / min, the stopping time is 100~300ms, the reverse thrust is 0.05~0.2mm, and the drawing frequency is 20~40Hz.

[0054] It is understood that the drawing speed is 0.20~0.30 m / min, for example, 0.20 m / min, 0.25 m / min, 0.30 m / min, etc., but not limited to this. The stopping time is 100~300 ms, for example, 100 ms, 200 ms, 300 ms, etc., but not limited to this. The reverse thrust is 0.05~0.2 mm, for example, 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, etc., but not limited to this. The traction frequency is 20~40 Hz, for example, 20 Hz, 30 Hz, 40 Hz, etc., but not limited to this. The traction equipment can be an upward-drawing casting machine or a continuous casting and rolling mill, etc., but not limited to this.

[0055] This configuration, through the aforementioned traction parameters, helps to improve the quality of the cast billet and obtain a high-quality alloy cast billet with a uniform Fe phase distribution.

[0056] In some embodiments, in step S300, the copper alloy billet is homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet, including: The annealing apparatus is heated to 850~950℃, and the copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing apparatus. After 2 hours, the heating is stopped, and the copper alloy billet is allowed to cool with the annealing apparatus to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0057] It is understandable that the temperature is raised to 850~950℃, for example, 850℃, 900℃, 950℃, etc., but not limited to this. The annealing device can be a box-type annealing furnace, a mesh belt annealing furnace, or a vacuum annealing furnace, etc., but not limited to this, and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] This setup raises the annealing apparatus to 850-950℃. Within this temperature range, the atomic diffusion ability in the copper alloy is enhanced, allowing Fe and Ti alloying elements to diffuse fully. This effectively eliminates dendritic segregation and regional compositional inhomogeneity that occur during the solidification process of the copper alloy billet. The continuous 2-hour heat treatment provides ample time for element diffusion, resulting in a high degree of uniformity in the alloy composition at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. This lays a solid foundation for subsequent processing and performance optimization. Under thermal activation, the grains of the copper alloy billet recrystallize, refining the coarse original grains. Simultaneously, the high temperature helps promote the uniform precipitation and distribution of the dispersed strengthening phase formed by Ti and other elements, reducing the aggregation and growth of the strengthening phase, optimizing the phase structure of the alloy, and thus significantly improving the strength, toughness, and overall mechanical properties of the copper alloy.

[0059] In some embodiments, in step S400, the pretreated copper alloy billet is hot-rolled to obtain a copper alloy rod, including: The annealing apparatus is heated to 900~950℃, and the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing apparatus and held for 20~30 minutes before hot rolling; the hot rolling temperature is 850~950℃ and the deformation is 80~90%.

[0060] It is understood that the temperature is raised to 900~950℃, for example, 900℃, 930℃, 950℃, etc., but not limited to this. The holding time is 20~30min, for example, 20min, 25min, 30min, etc., but not limited to this. The hot rolling temperature is 850~950℃, for example, 850℃, 900℃, 950℃, etc., but not limited to this. The deformation is 80~90%, for example, 80%, 85%, 90%, etc., but not limited to this.

[0061] This setup involves holding the pretreated copper alloy billet at 900-950℃ for 20-30 minutes, providing sufficient temperature and time for atomic diffusion and promoting further homogenization of the alloy microstructure. Subsequently, at a hot rolling temperature of 850-950℃, combined with a large deformation of 80-90%, dynamic recrystallization during hot working breaks down the coarse grains in the as-cast microstructure, forming a fine, uniform equiaxed grain structure. This significantly improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the copper alloy rod, including strength, plasticity, and toughness. Simultaneously, during the high-temperature hot rolling process, the large deformation allows the micropores and porosity defects inside the copper alloy billet to be compacted and welded under pressure, effectively increasing the density of the alloy. The appropriate combination of temperature and deformation reduces grain growth and overheating caused by excessively high temperatures, as well as work hardening and cracking caused by excessively low temperatures and insufficient deformation, thus improving the internal quality of the copper alloy rod.

[0062] In some embodiments, in step S500, the copper alloy rod is subjected to annealing and cold rolling to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy, comprising: S510, heat the annealing apparatus to 450~550℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing apparatus, keep it at the temperature for 1~2 hours, take it out, and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod.

[0063] S520 is prepared by pickling the first annealed bar with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, followed by cold rolling to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55-65%.

[0064] S530, the annealing apparatus is heated to 450~550℃, the first cold-rolled bar is placed in the annealing apparatus, kept at the temperature for 1~2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed bar.

[0065] S540 is prepared by pickling the second annealed bar with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, followed by cold rolling to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 45-55%.

[0066] S550, heat the annealing apparatus to 450~550℃, put the second cold-rolled bar into the annealing apparatus, keep it at the temperature for 1~2 hours, take it out, and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the third annealed bar.

[0067] S560 is produced by pickling the third annealing bar with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, followed by cold rolling to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 75-85%.

[0068] This setup involves multiple annealing treatments of the copper alloy rod at 450-550℃. This temperature range effectively eliminates internal stress caused by work hardening, promotes recrystallization, and refines and homogenizes the grains. Different stages of cold rolling deformation (55-65%, 45-55%, and 75-85%) gradually increase the degree of work hardening, enhancing the alloy's strength and hardness through dislocation multiplication and entanglement. The alternation of multiple annealing and cold rolling processes significantly improves the copper alloy's strength and hardness while maintaining good plasticity and toughness. Pickling the annealed copper alloy rod with 15-25wt% dilute phosphoric acid quickly and efficiently removes surface oxide scale, reducing its indentation during subsequent cold rolling and its impact on surface quality and dimensional accuracy. Simultaneously, the clean surface after pickling improves lubricant adhesion during subsequent processing, reduces frictional resistance during cold rolling, and minimizes surface scratches, cracks, and other defects.

[0069] In some embodiments, in step S600, the semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to obtain a finished copper alloy, including: The annealing apparatus is heated to 350~600℃. The semi-finished copper alloy is placed in the annealing apparatus and kept at that temperature for 0.5~2 hours. After being taken out and air-cooled to room temperature, the oxide scale is removed by pickling to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0070] It is understandable that 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid can be used for acid washing.

[0071] This setup, with an aging temperature range of 350–600℃ and a holding time of 0.5–2 hours, promotes the aging reaction between Fe and Ti elements in the copper alloy and the Cu matrix, resulting in the precipitation of a large number of dispersed intermetallic compounds or reinforcing phases. These fine reinforcing phases are uniformly distributed in the Cu matrix, effectively hindering dislocation movement and significantly improving the alloy's strength, hardness, and wear resistance. By adjusting the aging temperature and time, the size, quantity, and distribution of the reinforcing phases can be precisely controlled, enabling customized regulation of the alloy's properties to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0072] The following description is based on specific embodiments.

[0073] Example 1 1) Prepare a batch of 7 wt.% Fe, 0.3 wt.% Ti, and the balance being copper. Place all components into a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 °C. -1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 7 × 10⁻⁶. 4After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace and the temperature is adjusted to 1400℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0074] 2) The copper alloy liquid was drawn by an upward continuous casting machine with a drawing speed of 0.25m / min, a stop time of 200ms, a reverse push stroke of 0.13mm, and a traction frequency of 30Hz to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0075] 3) Heat the annealing furnace to 900℃, put the copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace and heat for 2 hours, then let the copper alloy billet cool with the annealing furnace to obtain the pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0076] 4) After heating the annealing furnace to 925℃, place the pretreated copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace, hold it for 25 minutes, and then perform hot rolling. During the rolling process, control the hot rolling temperature at 900℃ and the deformation amount at 85%.

[0077] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing furnace, hold it at that temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 60%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation was 50%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealing bar was pickled with 20wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove the oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; the cold rolling deformation was 80%.

[0078] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400℃, put the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 1 hour, take it out, air cool it to room temperature, pickle it to remove the oxide scale, and obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0079] Example 2 1) Prepare a batch of 5 wt.% Fe, 0.2 wt.% Ti, and the balance being copper. Place all components into a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 °C. -1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1395℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace and the temperature is adjusted to 1350℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0080] 2) The copper alloy liquid was drawn by an upward continuous casting machine with a drawing speed of 0.20 m / min, a stop time of 100 ms, a reverse push stroke of 0.05 mm, and a traction frequency of 20 Hz to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0081] 3) Heat the annealing furnace to 850℃, put the copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace and heat for 2 hours, then let the copper alloy billet cool with the annealing furnace to obtain the pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0082] 4) After heating the annealing furnace to 900℃, place the pretreated copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace, hold it for 30 minutes, and then hot roll it. During the rolling process, control the hot rolling temperature at 850℃ and the deformation amount at 80%.

[0083] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 450℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 2 hours, take it out, and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed bar was pickled with 15 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold-rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 55%; The annealing furnace is heated to 450℃. The first cold-rolled rod is placed into the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar was pickled with 15 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation was 45%. The annealing furnace is heated to 450℃. The second cold-rolled rod is placed into the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealing bar was pickled with 15wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove the oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; the cold rolling deformation was 75%.

[0084] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 350℃, put the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 2 hours, take it out, air cool it to room temperature, pickle it to remove the oxide scale, and obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0085] Example 3 1) Prepare a batch of 10 wt.% Fe, 0.4 wt.% Ti, and the balance being copper. Place all components into a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 °C. -1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10.-1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 8 × 10⁻⁶. 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1405℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace and the temperature is adjusted to 1450℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1320℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0086] 2) The copper alloy molten metal was drawn using an upward continuous casting machine with a drawing speed of 0.30 m / min, a stop time of 300 ms, a reverse push stroke of 0.2 mm, and a traction frequency of 40 Hz to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0087] 3) Heat the annealing furnace to 950℃, put the copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace and heat for 2 hours, then let the copper alloy billet cool with the annealing furnace to obtain the pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0088] 4) After heating the annealing furnace to 950℃, place the pretreated copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace, hold it for 20 minutes, and then hot roll it. During the rolling process, control the hot rolling temperature at 950℃ and the deformation amount at 90%.

[0089] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 550℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 1 hour, and then take it out and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed bar was pickled with 25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 65%; The annealing furnace is heated to 550℃. The first cold-rolled rod is placed into the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1 hour, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar was pickled with 25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation was 55%. The annealing furnace is heated to 550℃, the second cold-rolled rod is placed into the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1 hour, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealing bar was pickled with 25wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove the oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; the cold rolling deformation was 85%.

[0090] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 600℃, put the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, hold it at the temperature for 0.5h, take it out, air cool it to room temperature, and then pickle it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0091] Comparative Example 1 1) Prepare a batch of 5 wt.% Fe, with the balance being copper. Place all components into a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 °C. - 1Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 7 × 10⁻⁶. 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace and the temperature is adjusted to 1400℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0092] 2) The copper alloy liquid was drawn by an upward continuous casting machine with a drawing speed of 0.25m / min, a stop time of 200ms, a reverse push stroke of 0.13mm, and a traction frequency of 30Hz to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0093] 3) Heat the annealing furnace to 900℃, put the copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace and heat for 2 hours, then let the copper alloy billet cool with the annealing furnace to obtain the pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0094] 4) After heating the annealing furnace to 925℃, place the pretreated copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace, hold it for 25 minutes, and then perform hot rolling. During the rolling process, control the hot rolling temperature at 900℃ and the deformation amount at 85%.

[0095] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing furnace, hold it at that temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 60%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation was 50%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealing bar was pickled with 20wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove the oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; the cold rolling deformation was 80%.

[0096] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400℃, put the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 1 hour, take it out, air cool it to room temperature, pickle it to remove the oxide scale, and obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0097] Comparative Example 2 1) Prepare a batch of 10 wt.% Fe, with the balance being copper. Place all components into a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 wt.% vacuum.-1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 7 × 10⁻⁶. 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace and the temperature is adjusted to 1400℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0098] 2) The copper alloy liquid was drawn by an upward continuous casting machine with a drawing speed of 0.25m / min, a stop time of 200ms, a reverse push stroke of 0.13mm, and a traction frequency of 30Hz to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0099] 3) Heat the annealing furnace to 900℃, put the copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace and heat for 2 hours, then let the copper alloy billet cool with the annealing furnace to obtain the pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0100] 4) After heating the annealing furnace to 925℃, place the pretreated copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace, hold it for 25 minutes, and then perform hot rolling. During the rolling process, control the hot rolling temperature at 900℃ and the deformation amount at 85%.

[0101] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing furnace, hold it at that temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 60%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation was 50%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealing bar was pickled with 20wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove the oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; the cold rolling deformation was 80%.

[0102] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400℃, put the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 1 hour, take it out, air cool it to room temperature, pickle it to remove the oxide scale, and obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0103] Comparative Example 3 1) Prepare a batch of 7 wt.% Fe, 0.3 wt.% Ti, and the balance being copper. Place all components into a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 °C. -1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 7 × 10⁻⁶. 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace and the temperature is adjusted to 1400℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0104] 2) The copper alloy liquid was drawn by an upward continuous casting machine with a drawing speed of 0.25m / min, a stop time of 200ms, a reverse push stroke of 0.13mm, and a traction frequency of 30Hz to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0105] 3) After heating the annealing furnace to 925℃, place the copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace, hold it for 25 minutes, and then hot roll it. During the rolling process, control the hot rolling temperature at 900℃ and the deformation amount at 85%.

[0106] 4) Heat the annealing furnace to 500℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing furnace, hold it at that temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 60%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar was pickled with 20 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation was 50%. The annealing furnace is heated to 500℃, the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing furnace, held at the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealing bar was pickled with 20wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove the oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; the cold rolling deformation was 80%.

[0107] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 400℃, put the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 1 hour, take it out, air cool it to room temperature, pickle it to remove the oxide scale, and obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0108] Comparative Example 4 1) Prepare a batch of 7 wt.% Fe, 0.3 wt.% Ti, and the balance being copper. Place all components into a melting crucible and evacuate to 10 °C. -1Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 7 × 10⁻⁶. 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is introduced into a holding furnace and the temperature is adjusted to 1400℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1290℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid.

[0109] 2) The copper alloy liquid was drawn by an upward continuous casting machine with a drawing speed of 0.25m / min, a stop time of 200ms, a reverse push stroke of 0.13mm, and a traction frequency of 30Hz to obtain a copper alloy billet.

[0110] 3) Heat the annealing furnace to 900℃, put the copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace and heat for 2 hours, then let the copper alloy billet cool with the annealing furnace to obtain the pretreated copper alloy billet.

[0111] 4) After heating the annealing furnace to 925℃, place the pretreated copper alloy billet into the annealing furnace, hold it for 25 minutes, and then perform hot rolling. During the rolling process, control the hot rolling temperature at 900℃ and the deformation amount at 85%.

[0112] 5) Heat the annealing furnace to 500℃, put the copper alloy rod into the annealing furnace, hold it at that temperature for 1.5 hours, then take it out and air cool it to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod; The first annealing bar was pickled with 20wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove the oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation was 96%.

[0113] 6) Heat the annealing furnace to 400℃, put the semi-finished copper alloy into the annealing furnace, keep it at the temperature for 1 hour, take it out, air cool it to room temperature, pickle it to remove the oxide scale, and obtain the finished copper alloy.

[0114] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, metallographic analysis was performed on the copper alloy billets of Examples 1 and 2, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively, and metallographic structures were obtained. The dark areas represent the Fe phase, and the light areas represent the Cu matrix. Figure 2 This is a metallographic diagram of the copper alloy billet in Example 1. Figure 3 This is a metallographic diagram of the copper alloy billet in Example 2. Figure 4 The image shows the metallographic structure of the copper alloy billet in Comparative Example 1. Figure 5The image shows the metallographic structure of the copper alloy billet in Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that a large number of granular primary Fe phases are present in the copper alloy billets of Examples 1 and 2, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the primary Fe phases are relatively coarse and exhibit obvious segregation. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the primary Fe phases in Examples 1 and 2 are finer, and the number of secondary Fe phases is increased and their distribution is more uniform. This indicates that the addition of Ti refines the Fe phase particles, promotes Fe phase precipitation, improves the segregation of primary Fe phases in the copper alloy billet, and makes the Fe phase distribution more uniform.

[0115] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, SEM analysis was performed on the finished copper alloys of Examples 1 and 2, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively, and SEM images were obtained; among them, Figure 6 This is a SEM image of the copper alloy billet in Example 1. Figure 7 This is a SEM image of the copper alloy billet in Example 2. Figure 8 The image shows a SEM image of the copper alloy billet in Comparative Example 1. Figure 9 The image shows the SEM image of the copper alloy billet in Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that, compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the Fe phase in Examples 1 and 2 exhibits a banded or fibrous structure due to the increased degree of rolling. Multi-stage deformation heat treatment and the addition of Ti further improve the uniformity, continuity, and density of the Fe phase, and increase the amount of secondary Fe phase. This makes the Fe fibers more regular and continuous, improving their density and uniformity. Simultaneously, the thermal stability of the Fe fibers is improved, inhibiting recrystallization and grain coarsening of the Cu matrix. The mechanical properties (tensile strength), electrical conductivity (conductivity), softening resistance (softening temperature), and electromagnetic shielding performance (30MHz~10GHz) of the finished copper alloys prepared in all the above embodiments and comparative examples were tested. The testing methods are as follows: 1. Tensile strength: tested using an electronic universal testing machine.

[0116] 2. Conductivity: The resistance of the sample was tested using a DQ-1 type bridge resistance tester and calculated using the formula σ=0.017241 / (ρkS / L)×100% (σ is conductivity, ρ is resistance, k is temperature coefficient, S is cross-sectional area, and L is sample length).

[0117] 3. Softening temperature: The temperature at which the hardness of the sample decreases to 80% of its original value after isochronous heat treatment for 1 hour.

[0118] 4. Electromagnetic shielding performance: Measured using a shielding effectiveness tester.

[0119] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0120] Table 1 According to the test data in Table 1, the finished copper alloy prepared using the raw materials and preparation method of the copper alloy of this application has fine Cu grains, uniform Fe fiber distribution, and excellent tensile strength, conductivity, high temperature softening resistance, and electromagnetic shielding performance. It can meet the comprehensive requirements of scenarios with high strength, high conductivity, high temperature softening resistance, and excellent electromagnetic shielding performance.

[0121] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a copper alloy, characterized in that, include: The raw materials for preparing copper alloys are provided; wherein the raw materials for preparing copper alloys include the following components: Fe, 5.0~10.0 wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.4 wt%; the remainder being Cu; The components are melted to obtain a copper alloy liquid; wherein, melting the components to obtain the copper alloy liquid includes: placing the components into a melting apparatus and evacuating the vacuum to 10... -1 Below Pa, argon gas was introduced to atmospheric pressure, and then a vacuum was drawn back to 10. -1 Below Pa, argon gas is introduced until the pressure reaches 6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 ~8×10 4 After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1400℃ for heating and melting to obtain copper alloy melt; the copper alloy melt is then introduced into a heat preservation device, heated to 1350~1450℃ and held for 5 minutes, and then the temperature is adjusted to 1250~1320℃ to obtain copper alloy liquid. The obtained copper alloy liquid is subjected to upward continuous casting to obtain a copper alloy billet; wherein, the process parameters of the upward continuous casting are: drawing speed 0.20~0.30m / min, stopping time 100~300ms, reverse thrust 0.05~0.2mm, and traction frequency 20~40Hz. The copper alloy billet is homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet. The pretreated copper alloy billet is hot-rolled to obtain a copper alloy rod; The copper alloy rod is subjected to annealing and cold rolling to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein, the annealing and cold rolling process includes: annealing the copper alloy rod in sequence, removing the oxide scale by pickling with 15~25wt% dilute phosphoric acid, and cold rolling to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy. The semi-finished copper alloy is subjected to aging treatment to obtain the finished copper alloy; wherein, the aging treatment includes: heating the annealing device to 350~600℃, placing the semi-finished copper alloy in the annealing device, holding it at the temperature for 0.5~2h, taking it out, air cooling it to room temperature, and then pickling it to remove the oxide scale to obtain the finished copper alloy.

2. The method for preparing copper alloy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the copper alloy include the following components: Fe, 5.0~8.0 wt%; Ti, 0.2~0.3 wt%; The rest are Cu.

3. The method for preparing copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper alloy billet is homogenized to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet, including: The annealing apparatus is heated to 850~950℃, and the copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing apparatus. After 2 hours, the heating is stopped, and the copper alloy billet is cooled with the annealing apparatus to obtain a pretreated copper alloy billet.

4. The method for preparing copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreated copper alloy billet is hot-rolled to obtain a copper alloy rod, comprising: The annealing apparatus is heated to 900~950℃, and the pretreated copper alloy billet is placed in the annealing apparatus. After holding at the temperature for 20~30 minutes, it is hot rolled. The hot rolling temperature is 850~950℃, and the deformation is 80~90%.

5. The method for preparing copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper alloy rod is subjected to annealing and cold rolling to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy, comprising: The annealing apparatus is heated to 450~550℃, the copper alloy rod is placed in the annealing apparatus, kept at the temperature for 1~2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the first annealed rod. The first annealed bar is pickled with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the first cold-rolled bar; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 55-65%; The annealing apparatus is heated to 450~550℃, the first cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing apparatus, kept at the temperature for 1~2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the second annealed rod. The second annealed bar is pickled with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain the second cold-rolled bar, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 45-55%; The annealing apparatus is heated to 450~550℃, the second cold-rolled rod is placed in the annealing apparatus, kept at the temperature for 1~2 hours, and then taken out and air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the third annealed rod. The third annealed bar is pickled with 15-25 wt% dilute phosphoric acid to remove oxide scale, and then cold rolled to obtain a semi-finished copper alloy; wherein the cold rolling deformation is 75-85%.

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