Construction surveying device and method

Abstract

The application provides a construction measuring device and a measuring method, which comprise a movable platform, a mounting table, a rotating part, a pulling part, a telescopic limiting part and a range finder, the rotating part is used for mounting a tower scale and driving the tower scale to flip between a horizontal direction and a vertical direction perpendicular to the top surface of the mounting table, the pulling part is in extrusion contact with the tower scale on both sides through a rotating roller and rotates to pull out and retract the tower scale in the horizontal direction, the telescopic limiting part is used for preventing the next tower scale from being pulled out when the pulling part pulls out the current tower scale, and the range finder is used for measuring the vertical distance between the range finder and a measuring point after the movable platform moves to the top of the measuring point, the application only needs one measuring personnel to use a level to measure the elevation in the rear, and the tower scale is moved to the top of the measuring point by the movable platform, so that the occupation of personnel can be effectively reduced, the work efficiency is improved, and the personnel injury can be effectively avoided during the elevation measurement operation in a risk area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction surveying technology, specifically to a construction surveying device and method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In existing construction surveying processes, at least two surveyors are required to periodically monitor settlement at measurement points. One surveyor locates the observation point and sets up the leveling rod, while the other uses a leveling instrument to measure elevation from the rear. This method of construction work is labor-intensive, inefficient, and lacks adequate safety measures to mitigate potential hazards in elevation measurement operations in high-risk areas (such as during tunnel construction). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a construction surveying device and method that can be performed by only one person and has high work efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a construction surveying device, comprising: A mobile platform, capable of moving and adjusting its own posture; A mounting platform is used to fix the platform to the top of the mobile platform, and the top surface of the mounting platform can be adjusted to be horizontal under the attitude adjustment of the mobile platform. A rotating component, mounted on the mounting platform, is used to mount the leveling rod and drive it to rotate between the horizontal direction and the vertical direction perpendicular to the top surface of the mounting platform. The pull-out component, mounted on the mounting platform, includes rotating rollers for contacting both sides of the leveling rod, a moving unit for driving the rotating rollers to contact the sides of the leveling rod, and a power unit for driving the rotating rollers to rotate. The leveling rod in its lateral position is pulled out and retracted by squeezing and rotating the rotating rollers against both sides of the leveling rod. The telescopic limit component is set on the mounting platform and located on one side of the pull-out component. It is used to prevent the next section of the tower gauge from being pulled out when the pull-out component pulls out the current section of the tower gauge. The rangefinder is positioned directly below the mobile platform and is used to measure the vertical distance between the mobile platform and the measuring point after the platform moves directly above the measuring point.

[0006] Furthermore, the rotating component includes a connector for connecting to one end of the leveling rod and a drive assembly for driving the connector to rotate, the drive assembly being used to drive the connector to rotate between the horizontal and vertical directions; The connector includes a first sleeve rotatably mounted on the mounting platform, with a second sleeve slidably disposed inside the open ends of the first sleeve. The tower gauge extends from one end of the first sleeve into the second sleeve, and the second sleeve is used to fix the end of the tower gauge. Pushing the tower gauge into the first sleeve can cause the second sleeve to slide out of the first sleeve from one end. The second sleeve has a base plate at the end away from the tower gauge. The first sleeve has at least one elastic telescopic unit on its outer side. The telescopic end of the elastic telescopic unit is connected to the base plate and applies a force to the base plate in the direction of the tower gauge. The corresponding tower gauge on the mounting platform has a telescopic stop block at the end away from the second sleeve. The telescopic stop block is used to prevent the tower gauge from moving away from the second sleeve and can extend downward to release the obstruction to the tower gauge when the pull-out component pulls out the tower gauge. It also includes a locking component, which is used to lock the position of the base plate relative to the first sleeve after the tower gauge is pulled into place.

[0007] Furthermore, the internal dimensions of the first sleeve are larger than the external dimensions of the second sleeve, and there is a gap between the first sleeve and the second sleeve that allows the second sleeve to swing around inside it. The second sleeve is connected to the base plate by a hinge ball, and the ball is hinged together. The first sleeve is provided with multiple fine-tuning mechanisms for adjusting the attitude of the second sleeve; it also includes an angle sensor and a control processor. The control processor is connected to the fine-tuning mechanisms and the angle sensor. The angle sensor is disposed on the second sleeve and is used to detect the current attitude of the second sleeve. The control processor is used to receive the signal from the angle sensor and control the fine-tuning mechanisms to adjust the attitude of the second sleeve until the second sleeve is vertical.

[0008] Furthermore, the second sleeve is provided with at least two limiting members, which are respectively located on two adjacent sides of the second sleeve. The limiting member includes a through groove formed on the second sleeve, which penetrates the inside and outside of the second sleeve. Two abutting plates are provided in the through groove along the length of the through groove. Two contact plates are rotatably connected at their adjacent ends. One end of one contact plate is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the through groove, and the other end of the contact plate is slidably mounted in the through groove. A rotating block is rotatably mounted on one end of the contact plate. The rotation axis of the rotating block is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the corresponding contact plate end. A screw is rotatably mounted on the rotating block. One end of the screw passes through the second sleeve and is threadedly engaged with the second sleeve. Rotating the screw can cause the rotating block to drive the end of the corresponding contact plate to slide in the through groove, so that the middle part of the two contact plates extends into the inside of the second sleeve, limiting the end of the leveling rod inside the second sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a rotating shaft for driving the first sleeve to rotate, a worm wheel disposed at the end of the rotating shaft, a worm rotatably disposed below the worm wheel and cooperating with the worm wheel, a first bevel gear disposed at one end of the worm, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, a spur gear coaxially disposed with the second bevel gear, a rack slidably disposed on one side of the spur gear and meshing with the spur gear, and a first telescopic cylinder for driving the rack to reciprocate. It also includes an air tank set on the mounting platform. The first telescopic cylinder is equipped with a corresponding reversing valve. The reversing valve allows the air tank to alternately connect with the left and right chambers inside the first telescopic cylinder, thereby realizing the telescopic movement of the first telescopic cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a mounting frame, on which the rotating roller is rotatably mounted, and an air tank is provided on the mounting platform. The moving unit is a second telescopic cylinder, and the air tank is connected to the second telescopic cylinder to provide stable pressure to the second telescopic cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic limiting member is mounted on the mounting frame and moves together with the mounting frame.

[0012] A construction surveying method, employing the aforementioned construction surveying apparatus, the method comprising: S1. Install reflective tape for measurement at the measuring point or pre-embed a sensor chip at the measuring point; S2. Move the leveling rod to directly above the measuring point using the moving platform, then measure the vertical distance between the moving platform and the measuring point using a rangefinder, and record and store the data. S3. After confirming the measurement point, the rear-viewing surveyor issues a measurement command to start the rangefinder. At this time, the pull-out component pulls out the leveling rod, and then the rotating component drives the leveling rod to flip to a vertical position. When the tilt of the leveling rod exceeds the preset angle, the fine-tuning mechanism is activated to compensate for the angle. S4. After observing the leveling rod, the rear-viewing surveyor takes measurements using the measuring device. After completing the measurement, the leveling rod is put away, and the surveyor sets off to find the next measurement point.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the mobile platform has an autonomous navigation system and is equipped with an engineering BIM model comparison module. After the engineering BIM model data is imported into the comparison module, the comparison module can compare the actual scanned point cloud data with the coordinate deviation of the design model in real time.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a wireless communication module and a control center. The control center is connected to the mobile platform and the measuring device via the wireless communication module to collect the measurement values ​​of the measuring device and the data values ​​measured by the rangefinder, and to calculate the actual elevation of the measuring point. The control center has a built-in settlement prediction algorithm and uses time series analysis to establish an ARIMA model. When the predicted settlement rate exceeds a predetermined value, an early warning is issued.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention requires only one surveyor to use a level instrument to measure elevation from the rear. The leveling rod is moved by a mobile platform to directly above the measuring point, and then the leveling rod is pulled out and erected. This effectively reduces the number of personnel required, improves work efficiency, and effectively avoids personnel injury when performing elevation measurement operations in high-risk areas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the construction surveying device described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the construction surveying device described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of the construction surveying device described in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural view of the second sleeve in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural view of the first sleeve in this invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Mobile platform; 2. Mounting platform; 3. Rotating component; 31. Drive assembly; 311. Shaft; 312. Worm gear; 313. Worm; 314. First bevel gear; 315. Second bevel gear; 316. Spur gear; 317. Rack; 318. First telescopic cylinder; 32. First sleeve; 321. Slot; 322. Guide plate; 323. Conical guide hole; 33. Second sleeve; 331. Base plate; 332. Elastic buckle; 3321. Second telescopic cavity; 3322. Second inclined block; 333. Through groove; 334. Conical guide post; 34. Elastic telescopic unit; 341. Housing; 342. Rope; 35. Hinge ball; 36. Limiting component; 361. Contact plate; 362. Rotating block; 363. Screw; 4. Pull-out component; 41. Rotating roller; 42. Moving unit; 43. Power unit; 44. Mounting bracket; 5. Telescopic limiting component; 51. Third telescopic cavity; 52. Third inclined block; 6. Rangefinder; 7. Telescopic stop block; 71. First telescopic cavity; 72. First inclined block; 8. Gas storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] See Figures 1 to 7 .

[0020] This invention discloses a construction surveying device, comprising: Mobile platform 1 has the function of moving and adjusting its own posture; Mounting platform 2 is used to fix it to the top of the mobile platform 1, and the top surface of the mounting platform 2 can be adjusted to be horizontal under the attitude adjustment of the mobile platform 1; Rotating component 3 is set on mounting platform 2 and is used to install the tower gauge and drive the tower gauge to rotate between the horizontal direction and the vertical direction perpendicular to the top surface of mounting platform 2. The pull-out component 4 is set on the mounting platform 2 and includes a rotating roller 41 for contacting the two sides of the tower gauge, a moving unit 42 for driving the rotating roller 41 to contact the sides of the tower gauge, and a power unit 43 for driving the rotating roller 41 to rotate. The tower gauge in the lateral state is pulled out and retracted by squeezing and rotating the rotating roller 41 to contact the two sides of the tower gauge. Telescopic limiting component 5 is set on the mounting platform 2 and located on one side of the pull-out component 4. It is used to prevent the next section of the tower gauge from being pulled out when the pull-out component 4 pulls out the current section of the tower gauge. The rangefinder 6 is positioned directly below the moving platform 1 and is used to measure the vertical distance between the moving platform 1 and the measuring point after the moving platform 1 moves directly above the measuring point.

[0021] In practice, when conducting measurements, the leveling rod is installed on the rotating component 3. Then, the surveyor releases the moving platform 1, which can be moved directly above the measuring point via remote control or autonomous navigation. The leveling rod is then pulled out by the pull-out component 4. Because the leveling rod has a built-in elastic locking mechanism, once the current section of the leveling rod is pulled out, the elastic locking mechanism automatically locks the position of that section. After all sections of the leveling rod are pulled out, the rotating component 3 drives the leveling rod to rotate to a vertical position. At the same time, the moving platform 1, located directly above the measuring point, adjusts its posture to make the top surface of the mounting platform 2 horizontal, thereby making the leveling rod vertical. The distance measuring instrument 6 measures the vertical distance between the bottom of the moving platform 1 and the measuring point. The surveyor only needs to use a level to measure the elevation from behind. The elevation of the measuring point can be obtained by adding the value read from the level to the distance between the moving platform 1 and the measuring point, plus the distance from the bottom of the moving platform 1 to the bottom of the leveling rod (this is a fixed value). After the measurement, the rotating part 3 drives the leveling rod to a horizontal position, and then the pulling part 4 retracts the leveling rod (existing leveling rods with elastic locking can automatically retract after a certain force is applied; of course, after the measurement is completed, the moving platform 1 can carry the leveling rod to the surveyor, or the surveyor can walk over and manually retract the leveling rod). After the leveling rod is retracted, the measurement task is completed.

[0022] This invention allows for observation of measurement points by a single person, effectively reducing personnel requirements and improving work efficiency.

[0023] Preferably, the mobile platform 1 is a mobile robot platform with autonomous navigation function; more specifically, the mobile platform 1 uses a robot dog, such as the "Jueying" series robot dog available on the market.

[0024] Preferably, the power unit 43 is a motor, and a power supply can be provided on the mounting platform 2 to power the motor. Of course, it can also be directly connected to the power system of the mobile platform 1 and powered by the mobile platform 1's own power supply.

[0025] Preferably, the rangefinder 6 is a commonly available laser rangefinder 6.

[0026] Preferably, the rotation center of the tower gauge when it flips is located in the middle of the mounting platform 2. This makes the center of gravity position more reasonable, the overall stability of the equipment better, and the tower gauge will not be easily blown over by the wind along with the mounting platform 2 when it is in a vertical state.

[0027] In one embodiment, the rotating component 3 includes a connector for connecting to one end of the tower gauge and a drive assembly 31 for driving the connector to rotate, the drive assembly 31 being used to drive the connector to rotate between the horizontal and vertical directions. The connector includes a first sleeve 32 rotatably mounted on the mounting platform 2, with a second sleeve 33 slidably disposed inside the open ends of the first sleeve 32. The tower gauge extends from one end of the first sleeve 32 into the second sleeve 33. The second sleeve 33 is used to fix the end of the tower gauge. Pushing the tower gauge into the first sleeve 32 can cause the second sleeve 33 to slide out of the first sleeve 32 from one end. The second sleeve 33 is provided with a base plate 331 at the end away from the tower gauge. At least one elastic telescopic unit 34 is provided on the outer side of the first sleeve 32. The telescopic end of the elastic telescopic unit 34 is connected to the base plate 331, and a force is applied to the base plate 331 in the direction of the tower gauge. The corresponding tower gauge on the mounting platform 2 is provided with a telescopic stop 7 at the end away from the second sleeve 33. The telescopic stop 7 is used to prevent the tower gauge from moving away from the second sleeve 33, and can extend downward to release the obstruction to the tower gauge when the pull-out component 4 pulls out the tower gauge. It also includes a locking component, which is used to lock the position of the base plate 331 relative to the first sleeve 32 after the tower is pulled into place.

[0028] In practice, the leveling rod is usually more than one meter long when it is not unfolded, while the robot dog is often shorter than the leveling rod (the robot dog is only about one meter long). If one end of the leveling rod extends too far out of the robot dog, it can easily affect the stability of the robot dog during its movement. The setting of this application ensures that most of the leveling rod is above the robot dog before it is unfolded, with only a small part extending out of the robot dog. This makes the robot dog more stable during its movement. Moreover, the cooperation between the telescopic stop 7 and the elastic telescopic unit 34 provides a clamping force at both ends of the leveling rod, which can prevent the leveling rod from shaking or accidentally extending during the movement of the robot dog (the front and rear directions of the leveling rod are limited by the telescopic stop 7 and the elastic telescopic unit 34, while the other directions are limited by the first sleeve 32 and the rotating roller 41).

[0029] Preferably, the telescopic stop 7 includes a first telescopic cavity 71 disposed on the mounting platform 2, and a first inclined block 72 vertically slidably disposed in the first telescopic cavity 71. A first spring (not shown in the figure) is provided between the first inclined block 72 and the first telescopic cavity 71. The first spring is used to push one end of the first inclined block 72 out of the first telescopic cavity 71. The first inclined block 72 has an inclined surface, and the inclined surface faces the end of the tower gauge. The elastic force of the elastic telescopic unit 34 and the force generated by the tower gauge during the movement cannot push the first inclined block 72 downward. When the pull-out component 4 is working, under the action of the force of the pull-out component 4 pushing the tower gauge to move, the first inclined block 72 moves downward, releasing the obstruction to the end of the tower gauge.

[0030] Preferably, the locking component includes an elastic buckle 332 disposed on the base plate 331 and a slot 321 disposed on the first sleeve 32. After the pull-out component 4 pulls the tower gauge into place, it can drive the elastic buckle 332 to lock onto the slot 321, and when the tower gauge is retracted, the buckle can be disengaged from the slot 321 by the thrust applied to the tower gauge. The elastic buckle 332 includes a second telescopic cavity 3321 disposed on the base plate 331, a second inclined block 3322 slidably disposed within the second telescopic cavity 3321 and having triangular ends with inclined surfaces on both sides, and a second spring (not shown in the figure) located between the second inclined block 3322 and the second telescopic cavity 3321. The second spring is used to push one end of the second inclined block 3322 out of the second telescopic cavity 3321. The slot 321 is disposed on the side of the corresponding elastic buckle 332 of the first sleeve 32. More preferably, at least two elastic buckles 332 are provided, and they are located on different sides of the base plate 331.

[0031] Preferably, the locking component further includes a tapered guide post 334 disposed on the base plate 331 and a tapered guide hole 323 disposed at the bottom of the first sleeve 32, for guiding the base plate 331 to be accurately positioned when it is against the bottom of the first sleeve 32.

[0032] Preferably, when the first sleeve 32 is in a horizontal position, a guide plate 322 is provided at the bottom of one end of the first sleeve 32 corresponding to the second sleeve 33. The guide plate 322 is inclined downward to guide the second sleeve 33 into the first sleeve 32, so as to avoid the second sleeve 33 getting stuck at the end of the first sleeve 32 and being unable to enter the first sleeve 32.

[0033] Preferably, the elastic telescopic unit 34 includes a housing 341, a coil spring disposed within the housing 341, and a rope 342 with one end connected to the coil spring (not shown) and the other end extending out of the housing 341 and connected to the base plate 331.

[0034] In one embodiment, the internal dimension of the first sleeve 32 is larger than the external dimension of the second sleeve 33, and there is a gap between the first sleeve 32 and the second sleeve 33 for the second sleeve 33 to swing around inside it. The second sleeve 33 is connected to the base plate 331 by a hinge ball 35, and the ball is hinged together. The first sleeve 32 is provided with multiple fine-tuning mechanisms (not shown in the figure) for adjusting the attitude of the second sleeve 33; it also includes an angle sensor (not shown in the figure) and a control processor (not shown in the figure). The control processor is connected to the fine-tuning mechanisms and the angle sensor. The angle sensor is provided on the second sleeve 33 for detecting the current attitude of the second sleeve 33. The control processor is used to receive the signal from the angle sensor and control the fine-tuning mechanisms to adjust the attitude of the second sleeve 33 until the second sleeve 33 is vertical.

[0035] Preferably, the fine-tuning mechanism is a piezoelectric ceramic fine-tuning mechanism, but other fine-tuning structures in the prior art can also be used. The fine-tuning mechanism is set around the first sleeve 32 and pushes the second sleeve 33 to move slightly by means of contact, thereby achieving the purpose of making the second sleeve 33 vertical and the leveling rod vertical.

[0036] Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic fine-tuning mechanism (equivalent to a piezoelectric actuator) includes a piezoelectric ceramic (which can deform when energized) and a lever mechanism. The lever mechanism amplifies the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic (which is in the prior art), thereby driving the second sleeve 33 to move.

[0037] It should be noted that since the second sleeve 33 is in a nearly vertical position, the weight of the leveling rod and the second sleeve 33 itself is mostly borne by the base plate 331. Only a small lateral force needs to be applied to change the tilt angle of the second sleeve 33.

[0038] Preferably, the tilt sensor is a dual-axis tilt sensor.

[0039] In one embodiment, to improve adaptability and enable the equipment to match different specifications of leveling rods, a limiting element 36 is provided on the second sleeve 33 to limit the leveling rods of different specifications. However, since a certain gap needs to be left between the first sleeve 32 and the second sleeve 33, this gap cannot be too small, otherwise the adjustment angle range will be small, and the requirements for the assembly accuracy of the equipment and the attitude adjustment accuracy of the moving platform 1 will be high. However, this gap cannot be too large either, otherwise the stroke of the piezoelectric ceramic fine-tuning mechanism will not be large enough, and the thrust required by the piezoelectric ceramic fine-tuning mechanism will need to be increased, which is not possible. Therefore, the gap between the first sleeve 32 and the second sleeve 33 is preferably fixed. To meet this requirement and limit the leveling rod in the second sleeve 33, a special limiting structure is needed. For this purpose, this application provides the following technical solution. The second sleeve 33 is provided with at least two limiting members 36. The two limiting members 36 are respectively located on two adjacent sides of the second sleeve 33. The limiting member 36 includes a through groove 333 opened on the second sleeve 33. The through groove 333 penetrates the inside and outside of the second sleeve 33. Two abutting plates 361 are provided in the through groove 333 along the length direction of the through groove 333. Two contact plates 361 are rotatably connected at their adjacent ends. One end of one contact plate 361 is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the through groove 333, and one end of the other contact plate 361 is slidably mounted in the through groove 333. A rotating block 362 is rotatably mounted on one end of the contact plate 361. The rotation axis of the rotating block 362 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the end of the corresponding contact plate 361. A screw 363 is rotatably mounted on the rotating block 362. One end of the screw 363 passes through the second sleeve 33 and is threadedly engaged with the second sleeve 33. A torsion block is provided at the end of the screw 363 that passes through the second sleeve 33 to drive the screw 363 to rotate. Rotating the screw 363 can cause the rotating block 362 to drive the end of the corresponding contact plate 361 to slide in the through groove 333, so that the middle part of the two contact plates 361 extends into the inside of the second sleeve 33, limiting the end of the leveling rod in the second sleeve 33.

[0040] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the through groove 333, and the end of the corresponding abutment plate 361 has a slider that extends into the sliding groove, so that the slider slides into the sliding groove.

[0041] In one embodiment, the drive assembly 31 includes a rotating shaft 311 for rotating the first sleeve 32, a worm gear 312 disposed at the end of the rotating shaft 311, a worm 313 rotatably disposed below and cooperating with the worm gear 312, a first bevel gear 314 disposed at one end of the worm 313, a second bevel gear 315 meshing with the first bevel gear 314, a spur gear 316 coaxially disposed with the second bevel gear 315, a rack 317 slidably disposed on one side of the spur gear 316 and meshing with the spur gear 316, and a first telescopic cylinder 318 for driving the rack 317 to reciprocate. It also includes an air tank 8 installed on the mounting platform 2. The first telescopic cylinder 318 is equipped with a corresponding reversing valve. The reversing valve allows the air tank 8 to alternately connect with the left and right chambers inside the first telescopic cylinder 318, thereby realizing the telescopic movement of the first telescopic cylinder 318.

[0042] In specific implementation, the reversing valve is an electromagnetic reversing valve, and the control processor is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve to control its reversing. This application utilizes the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear 312 and worm 313, as well as the fixed extension stroke of the first telescopic cylinder 318, to ensure that the angle of the tower crane's rotation remains constant. Furthermore, after rotating to a vertical position, the first sleeve 32 will not easily rotate without external force. Moreover, due to the large amount of dust at the construction site, the combination of the air tank 8 and the first telescopic cylinder 318 is more adaptable and less prone to damage, while also reducing power consumption (charging takes much longer than inflation), thus improving working endurance.

[0043] In one embodiment, the pull-out component 4 further includes a mounting bracket 44, the rotating roller 41 is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 44, the moving unit 42 is a second telescopic cylinder, and the gas storage tank 8 is connected to the second telescopic cylinder to provide stable pressure (the gas pressure is stable within a range) for the second telescopic cylinder.

[0044] In practice, since the tower gauge is made up of sections, its external length and width dimensions increase from the inside out. This application uses a combination of a second telescopic cylinder and an air tank 8, which allows the pressure inside the second telescopic cylinder to automatically balance after the previous tower gauge section extends and retracts to contact the next tower gauge section. The second telescopic cylinder then automatically extends and retracts, ensuring that the rotating roller 41 always contacts each section of the tower gauge with a stable squeezing force, thus ensuring that the tower gauge can be pulled out and retracted normally.

[0045] In one embodiment, the telescopic limiting member 5 is mounted on the mounting frame 44 and moves together with the mounting frame 44.

[0046] In a specific implementation, the telescopic limiting member 5 includes a third telescopic cavity 51 disposed on the mounting bracket 44, a third inclined block 52 slidably disposed in the third telescopic cavity 51, and a third spring (not shown in the figure) located between the third inclined block 52 and the third telescopic cavity 51. The third spring is used to push one end of the third inclined block 52 out of the third telescopic cavity 51.

[0047] Preferably, the mounting platform 2 is also equipped with a lighting component for illuminating the vertical surface of the tower gauge. More preferably, the lighting component is an angle-adjustable flashlight. The illumination angle of the flashlight can be adjusted manually or electrically.

[0048] This invention also discloses a construction surveying method, employing the aforementioned construction surveying apparatus, the method comprising: S1. Install reflective tape for measurement at the measuring point or pre-embed a sensor chip at the measuring point; S2. Move the leveling rod to directly above the measuring point using the moving platform 1, then measure the vertical distance between the moving platform 1 and the measuring point using the distance measuring instrument 6, and record and store the data. S3. After confirming the measuring point, the rear-viewing surveyor issues a measurement command to start the rangefinder. At this time, the pull-out component 4 pulls out the leveling rod, and then the rotating component 3 drives the leveling rod to flip to a vertical position. When the tilt of the leveling rod exceeds the preset angle (such as 0.5° or 1°), the fine-tuning mechanism is activated to compensate for the angle. S4. After observing the leveling rod, the rear-viewing surveyor takes measurements using the measuring device. After completing the measurement, the leveling rod is put away, and the surveyor sets off to find the next measurement point.

[0049] In practice, the mobile platform 1 can be moved directly above the measuring point via remote control or autonomous navigation. When using autonomous navigation, multiple reflective stickers can be placed at a specified distance from the measuring point (for example, in tunnel engineering, reflective stickers can be placed on the top or sidewall of the tunnel). The relative distance or angle between each reflective sticker and the measuring point is recorded. After scanning the reflective stickers, the mobile platform 1 can compare and confirm the location of the measuring point based on the position of the reflective stickers. Once the mobile platform 1 is directly above the measuring point, it should first be adjusted to a horizontal position (since it is a point-to-point measurement, it can still be measured even if it is not horizontal; adjusting it to a horizontal position is only for greater accuracy and to avoid possible errors). Then, the vertical distance between the mobile platform 1 and the measuring point can be measured.

[0050] In one embodiment, in step S2, the mobile platform 1 has an autonomous navigation system (autonomous navigation systems are existing technologies and are used in current robot dogs and some mobile robots), and is equipped with an engineering BIM model (i.e. building information model) comparison module. After the engineering BIM model data is imported into the comparison module, the comparison module can compare the actual scanned point cloud data with the coordinate deviation of the design model in real time, and the deviation threshold is set to ±15mm.

[0051] In one embodiment, it also includes a wireless communication module and a control center. The control center is connected to the mobile platform 1 and the measuring device via the wireless communication module to collect the measurement values ​​of the measuring device and the data values ​​measured by the rangefinder 6, and to calculate the actual elevation of the measuring point. The control center has a built-in settlement prediction algorithm that uses time series analysis to establish an ARIMA model (autoregressive integral moving average model). It issues an early warning when the predicted settlement rate exceeds a predetermined value (specifically, it can be set to 2 mm / day).

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the invention involve directional indicators (such as up and down), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0054] Furthermore, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that satisfies both A and B. Additionally, if the embodiments of the invention involve descriptions such as "first," "second," etc., these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Furthermore, "multiple" refers to two or more. Moreover, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of a person skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.

Claims

1. A construction surveying device, characterized in that, include The mobile platform (1) has the functions of moving and adjusting its own posture; Mounting platform (2) is used to fix it to the top of the mobile platform (1), and the top surface of the mounting platform (2) can be adjusted to be horizontal under the attitude adjustment of the mobile platform (1); Rotating component (3) is set on mounting platform (2) for mounting the tower gauge and driving the tower gauge to rotate between the horizontal direction and the vertical direction perpendicular to the top surface of mounting platform (2); The pull-out component (4) is set on the mounting platform (2) and includes a rotating roller (41) for contacting the two sides of the tower gauge, a moving unit (42) for driving the rotating roller (41) to contact the sides of the tower gauge, and a power unit (43) for driving the rotating roller (41) to rotate. The tower gauge in the lateral state is pulled out and retracted by squeezing and rotating the rotating roller (41) to contact the two sides of the tower gauge. Telescopic limiting component (5) is set on the mounting platform (2) and located on one side of the pull-out component (4) to prevent the next section of the tower gauge from being pulled out when the pull-out component (4) pulls out the current section of the tower gauge. The rangefinder (6) is set directly below the moving platform (1) and is used to measure the vertical distance between the moving platform (1) and the measuring point after the moving platform (1) moves directly above the measuring point.

2. The construction surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating component (3) includes a connector for connecting to one end of the tower gauge and a drive assembly (31) for driving the connector to rotate, the drive assembly (31) being used to drive the connector to rotate between the horizontal and vertical directions; The connector includes a first sleeve (32) rotatably mounted on the mounting platform (2), with a second sleeve (33) slidably disposed inside the open ends of the first sleeve (32), the gauge extending from one end of the first sleeve (32) into the second sleeve (33), the second sleeve (33) being fixedly connected to the end of the gauge, and pushing the gauge into the interior of the first sleeve (32) causing the second sleeve (33) to slide out of the first sleeve (32) from one end; The second sleeve (33) has a base plate (331) at the end away from the tower gauge. The first sleeve (32) has at least one elastic telescopic unit (34) on its outer side. The telescopic end of the elastic telescopic unit (34) is connected to the base plate (331) to apply a force to the base plate (331) in the direction of the tower gauge. The mounting platform (2) has a telescopic stop block (7) at the end of the corresponding tower gauge away from the second sleeve (33). The telescopic stop block (7) is used to prevent the tower gauge from moving away from the second sleeve (33) and can extend downward to release the obstruction of the tower gauge when the pull-out component (4) pulls out the tower gauge. It also includes a locking component, which is used to lock the position of the base plate (331) relative to the first sleeve (32) after the tower is pulled into place.

3. The construction surveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The internal dimensions of the first sleeve (32) are larger than the external dimensions of the second sleeve (33). There is a gap between the first sleeve (32) and the second sleeve (33) for the second sleeve (33) to swing around inside it. The second sleeve (33) and the base plate (331) are hinged together by a hinge ball (35). The first sleeve (32) is provided with multiple fine-tuning mechanisms for adjusting the attitude of the second sleeve (33); it also includes an angle sensor and a control processor. The control processor is connected to the fine-tuning mechanisms and the angle sensor. The angle sensor is set on the second sleeve (33) for detecting the current attitude of the second sleeve (33). The control processor is used to receive the signal from the angle sensor and control the fine-tuning mechanisms to adjust the attitude of the second sleeve (33) until the second sleeve (33) is vertical.

4. The construction surveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second sleeve (33) is provided with at least two limiting members (36), the two limiting members (36) are respectively located on two adjacent sides of the second sleeve (33), the limiting member (36) includes a through groove (333) opened on the second sleeve (33), the through groove (333) penetrates the inside and outside of the second sleeve (33), and two abutting plates (361) are provided in the through groove (333) along the length direction of the through groove (333); Two contact plates (361) are rotatably connected at their adjacent ends. One end of one contact plate (361) is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the through groove (333), and one end of the other contact plate (361) is slidably mounted in the through groove (333). A rotating block (362) is rotatably mounted on one end of the contact plate (361). The rotation axis of the rotating block (362) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the corresponding end of the contact plate (361). A screw (363) is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the sleeve (33). One end of the screw (363) passes through the second sleeve (33) and is threadedly engaged with the second sleeve (33). Rotating the screw (363) can cause the rotating block (362) to drive the end of the corresponding abutment plate (361) to slide in the through groove (333), so that the middle part of the two abutment plates (361) extends towards the inside of the second sleeve (33) to limit the end of the leveling rod in the second sleeve (33).

5. The construction surveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly (31) includes a rotating shaft (311) for driving the first sleeve (32) to rotate, a worm wheel (312) disposed at the end of the rotating shaft (311), a worm (313) rotatably disposed below the worm wheel (312) and cooperating with the worm wheel (312), a first bevel gear (314) disposed at one end of the worm (313), a second bevel gear (315) meshing with the first bevel gear (314), a spur gear (316) coaxially disposed with the second bevel gear (315), a rack (317) slidably disposed on one side of the spur gear (316) and meshing with the spur gear (316), and a first telescopic cylinder (318) for driving the rack (317) to reciprocate. It also includes an air tank (8) set on the mounting platform (2). The first telescopic cylinder (318) is equipped with a corresponding reversing valve. The reversing valve enables the air tank (8) to alternately connect with the left and right chambers in the first telescopic cylinder (318) to realize the telescopic movement of the first telescopic cylinder (318).

6. The construction surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting frame (44), the rotating roller (41) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (44), the mounting platform (2) is provided with an air tank (8), the moving unit (42) is a second telescopic cylinder, the air tank (8) is connected to the second telescopic cylinder, and provides stable pressure for the second telescopic cylinder.

7. The construction surveying device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The telescopic limiting member (5) is installed on the mounting frame (44) and moves together with the mounting frame (44).

8. A construction surveying method, characterized in that, The method, employing the construction surveying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprises: S1. Install reflective tape for measurement at the measuring point or pre-embed a sensor chip at the measuring point; S2. Move the measuring rod to the top of the measuring point using the moving platform (1), then measure the vertical distance between the moving platform (1) and the measuring point using the distance measuring instrument (6), and record and store the data. S3. After confirming the measuring point, the rear-viewing surveyor issues a measurement command and starts the rangefinder to work. At this time, the pull-out part (4) pulls out the leveling rod, and then the rotating part (3) drives the leveling rod to flip to a vertical position. When the leveling rod tilt exceeds the preset angle, the fine-tuning mechanism is started to compensate for the angle. S4. After observing the leveling rod, the rear-viewing surveyor takes measurements using the measuring device. After completing the measurement, the leveling rod is put away, and the surveyor sets off to find the next measurement point.

9. The construction surveying method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the mobile platform (1) has an autonomous navigation system and is equipped with an engineering BIM model comparison module. After the engineering BIM model data is imported into the comparison module, the comparison module can compare the actual scanned point cloud data with the coordinate deviation of the design model in real time.

10. The construction surveying method according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a wireless communication module and a control center. The control center is connected to the mobile platform (1) and the measuring device via the wireless communication module to collect the measurement values ​​of the measuring device and the data values ​​measured by the rangefinder (6) to calculate the actual elevation of the measuring point. The control center has a built-in settlement prediction algorithm and uses time series analysis to establish an ARIMA model. When the predicted settlement rate exceeds a predetermined value, an early warning is issued.

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