Preparation method of battery electrolyte capable of realizing rapid charging and discharging and stable circulation

By preparing the electrolyte through precise proportions of dimethyl methyl phosphate, zinc tetrafluoroborate and sodium tetrafluoroborate, and combining it with zinc foil and sodium iron pyrophosphate positive electrode materials, the problems of fast charging and discharging and cycle stability of zinc battery electrolytes are solved, efficient ion transport and battery stability are achieved, and costs are reduced. It is suitable for zinc batteries with fast charging and discharging and cycle stability.

CN120600931APending Publication Date: 2025-09-05JIANGSU UNIV OF TECH
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202510792497.3
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-06-13
Publication Date
2025-09-05

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing zinc battery electrolytes have problems such as slow ion transfer kinetics, poor interface stability, high cost, insufficient long-term solvent stability, contradiction between low-temperature performance and ion transfer efficiency, sodium and zinc ions competing for embedding into the positive electrode leading to structural phase change and transition metal dissolution, and high solvent volatility. These problems make it difficult to meet the requirements of fast charging and discharging and cycle stability.

Method used

Using dimethyl methyl phosphate, zinc tetrafluoroborate and sodium tetrafluoroborate as the main components, the electrolyte is prepared through precise proportioning and stirring ultrasonic dispersion. Combined with zinc foil and sodium iron pyrophosphate positive electrode materials, a stable SEI film is formed, the solvation structure is optimized, and the ion transfer efficiency and battery stability are improved.

Benefits of technology

It achieves rapid charging and discharging and cycle stability of the battery, reduces production costs, improves battery safety and service life, and is suitable for various application scenarios with high requirements for charging and discharging speeds.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery electrolyte preparation, and discloses a preparation method of a battery electrolyte capable of realizing rapid charging and discharging and stable circulation, and the battery electrolyte comprises the following components by mass percent: a solvent: 10-100% of dimethyl methylphosphate; zinc salt: zinc tetrafluoroborate with a mass percentage of 10%-100%; the sodium salt is sodium tetrafluoroborate, and the mass percent of the sodium tetrafluoroborate is 10-100%. The solvent is a non-aqueous solvent which is mutually soluble with water; the molar ratio of the zinc salt to the sodium salt is (0.1-5): 1. The zinc foil is used for preparing the negative pole piece, and the thickness of the zinc foil is 10-160 microns. By accurately proportioning key components such as dimethyl methylphosphate, zinc tetrafluoroborate and sodium tetrafluoroborate, the electrolyte has excellent ion transmission characteristics, effectively reduces the desolvation energy barrier of zinc ions and optimizes the solvation structure, so that in the charging and discharging process of the battery, the electrolyte has excellent ion transmission performance, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. The ion migration rate and the charge transfer efficiency can be obviously improved.
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