Potato planter

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of planting machine, specifically to a potato transplanting machine, which comprises a vehicle body, a rotary tiller for rotary tillage operation on the land is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body, the rotary tiller is driven by a gearbox assembly, a ridging mechanism is arranged on the rotary tiller, a mulch laying mechanism is arranged behind the ridging mechanism, a planting assembly is arranged behind the mulch laying mechanism, a drip tape laying mechanism is arranged above the vehicle body, and the drip tape laying mechanism is located above the rotary tiller. The present application integrates multiple independent links such as rotary tillage, ridging, drip tape laying, mulch covering, potato planting and post-covering into the same device to form a coherent planting process. During operation, the device can sequentially complete operations such as land rotary loosening, soil ridge forming, drip tape pre-embedding, mulch covering, seedling planting and soil covering and compaction, without the need for changing the device or manual intervention in the auxiliary process during the operation, thereby greatly improving the planting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of planting machine technology, specifically to a potato transplanter. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of agricultural production, potatoes are the world's fourth most important food crop, and the efficient implementation of their planting work is crucial. In the traditional planting model, transplanting, mulching and drip irrigation are mostly done manually. When transplanting, workers have to bend over and plant potatoes in pre-dug holes, which is extremely labor-intensive and inefficient, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale planting. While some existing transplanting machinery and equipment have improved transplanting efficiency to a certain extent, their integration capabilities for mulching and drip irrigation are inadequate. Some equipment can only complete a single transplanting operation, while mulching and drip irrigation installation still require manual labor. This not only consumes manpower but also easily leads to problems such as uneven mulch and uncompacted edges, which in turn affect the soil's heat preservation and moisture retention effects as well as weed control. Therefore, a potato transplanter is proposed that can integrate rotary tillage, ridging, mulching, drip irrigation tape installation, and planting processes during potato planting, achieving multi-functional integrated operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a potato transplanter that integrates rotary tillage, ridging, mulching, drip irrigation tape installation, and planting processes during potato planting, achieving multi-functional integrated operation.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is a potato transplanter, including a vehicle body. A rotary tiller for tilling the land is provided at the front end of the vehicle body. The rotary tiller is driven by a gearbox assembly. A ridging mechanism is provided on the rotary tiller. A mulch film laying mechanism is provided behind the ridging mechanism. A planting assembly is provided behind the mulch film laying mechanism. A drip irrigation tape laying mechanism is provided on top of the vehicle body. The drip irrigation tape laying mechanism is located above the rotary tiller.

[0005] Specifically, the ridging mechanism includes plows arranged symmetrically at the front of the vehicle body, a sliding tube fixedly connected above the plow, a bracket assembly on the vehicle body, a retaining ring corresponding to the sliding tube on the bracket assembly, the sliding tube being located inside the retaining ring and slidably connected to the retaining ring, and a fixing bolt threaded to the outer side of the retaining ring.

[0006] Specifically, the drip tape laying mechanism includes a fixed pipe vertically arranged above the support assembly, a U-shaped disc support at the upper end of the fixed pipe, a connecting pipe between the disc supports, and symmetrically arranged disc bodies slidably connected to the connecting pipe. The disc bodies are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe by fasteners. The rotary tiller is equipped with an arc-shaped retaining cover on top, and the retaining cover has a through hole on top.

[0007] Specifically, the mulch film laying mechanism includes a horizontally arranged mulch film pressing pipe, both ends of which are rotatably connected to a mulch film support, and the end of the mulch film support away from the mulch film pressing pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the support assembly. The mulching pressing pipe is located on the side of the ridging mechanism away from the rotary tiller, and soil retaining supports are provided on both sides of the ridging mechanism.

[0008] Specifically, the planting assembly includes two sets of seedling inlet frames installed at the rear of the vehicle body. Each seedling inlet frame is connected to a seedling feeding machine box on one side. Each seedling feeding machine box is provided with a duckbill feeding port at the bottom. Each set of duckbill feeding ports is connected to a duckbill connecting shaft assembly on one side. The rear support assembly of the vehicle body is equipped with a rear soil cover plate, and the rear soil cover plate is equipped with round plow blades on both sides.

[0009] Specifically, the retaining cover is provided with a first arc-shaped cleaning rod, a second arc-shaped cleaning rod, and several sets of horizontally arranged support rods. The two ends of the support rods are respectively provided with reciprocating threads. The support rods are connected to support plates through the reciprocating threads. The support plates are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first arc-shaped cleaning rods and the second arc-shaped cleaning rods. The first arc-shaped cleaning rods and the second arc-shaped cleaning rods are provided with wedge-shaped surfaces on both sides near the edges of the retaining cover.

[0010] Specifically, the retaining cover is equipped with a horizontally arranged spray pipe, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the inner side of the retaining cover, and the spray pipe is equipped with a liquid inlet connector in the middle. The support rod has a piston chamber inside, and a horizontally arranged reciprocating threaded rod is provided inside the piston chamber. One end of the reciprocating threaded rod passes through the support rod and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the retaining cover. A drive ring is threadedly connected to the reciprocating threaded rod. Several sets of horizontally arranged positioning grooves are provided on the inner side of the support rod. A positioning block corresponding to the positioning groove is provided on the outer side of the drive ring. A sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the drive ring. One end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to a piston plate that is slidably connected to the piston chamber. The end of the support rod away from the reciprocating threaded rod passes through the retaining cover and is rotatably connected to the retaining cover. A rotary joint is installed at the end of the support rod away from the reciprocating threaded rod. The end of the piston chamber is connected to the liquid inlet and the soil conditioner through the rotary joint and the pipeline, respectively. One-way valves are installed on the pipeline. A gear is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod near the rotary joint.

[0011] Specifically, the spray pipe has symmetrically arranged pneumatic telescopic rods fixedly connected to both ends inside. The ends of the two sets of pneumatic telescopic rods that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray pipe through a fixing rod. The ends of the two sets of pneumatic telescopic rods that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to a sealing column. The sealing column has a threaded groove on the side away from the pneumatic telescopic rod. The outer side of the retaining cover is rotatably connected to a threaded rod corresponding to the threaded groove. One end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to an adjusting nut. The upper surface of the spray pipe has an air outlet joint that communicates with the pneumatic telescopic rod. An expansion pad is provided inside the piston chamber of the support rod. The expansion pad is located on the inner side of the end of the support rod away from the reciprocating threaded rod. The expansion pad is connected to the air outlet through a rotary joint and a pipeline.

[0012] Specifically, the outer side of the spray pipe is provided with several sets of elastic cleaning rings, and the outer side of each elastic cleaning ring is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate through a connecting rod.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The potato transplanter described in this invention integrates multiple independent processes such as rotary tillage, ridging, drip irrigation tape laying, mulching, potato planting, and soil covering into a single device, forming a continuous planting process. During operation, the device can sequentially complete operations such as soil loosening, ridging formation, drip irrigation tape pre-laying, mulching, seedling planting, and soil covering and compaction without the need to change equipment or manually intervene in auxiliary processes, thus greatly improving planting efficiency. The potato transplanter of this invention automatically extracts and sprays soil conditioner through the rotation of the support rod and the cooperation of the reciprocating threaded rod, without the need for an additional power source. After rotary tillage, the conditioner is evenly distributed on the soil surface, allowing it to integrate into the root system layer of the soil ridges, thereby improving soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capacity. By adjusting the obstruction of the liquid outlet of the spray pipe by the sealing column, the spray width can be flexibly changed to precisely match different ridging specifications. At the same time, the expansion pad automatically adjusts the effective volume of the piston chamber according to the change of the spray width, ensuring that the amount of conditioner used per unit area is consistent, avoiding waste or uneven spraying, thus saving costs and ensuring the improvement effect. The potato transplanter of this invention features a first arc-shaped cleaning rod and a second arc-shaped cleaning rod inside a retaining cover, which are driven to reciprocate by a support rod. The wedge-shaped surface can scrape and clean the soil adhering to the inner wall of the cover, preventing soil accumulation from affecting the protective function or contaminating the drip irrigation belt, without requiring manual cleaning by stopping the machine. The elastic cleaning ring on the outside of the spray pipe reciprocates synchronously with the support plate, which can clean the soil and debris on the surface of the spray pipe in real time, prevent the liquid outlet from being blocked, ensure smooth spraying of the amendment, and reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1This is an isometric view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the retaining cover of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support rod structure of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of region A; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of region B; Figure 9 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of region C; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the spray pipe structure of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spray pipe of the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of region D; In the diagram: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Gearbox assembly; 3. Plow; 4. Sliding tube; 5. Bracket assembly; 6. Snap ring; 7. Fixing bolt; 8. Fixing tube; 9. Disc bracket; 10. Connecting tube; 11. Disc body; 12. Fixing component; 13. Soil retaining cover; 14. Through hole; 15. Film covering and pressing pipe; 16. Film covering bracket; 17. Soil retaining bracket; 18. Seedling inlet frame; 19. Seedling delivery machine box; 20. Duckbill feeding port; 21. Duckbill connecting shaft assembly; 22. Rear soil covering cover plate; 23. Circular plow blade; 24. First arc-shaped cleaning rod; 25. Second arc-shaped... 26. Cleaning rod; 27. Support rod; 28. Reciprocating thread; 29. ​​Support plate; 30. Wedge-shaped surface; 31. Spray pipe; 32. Liquid inlet connector; 33. Piston chamber; 34. Reciprocating threaded rod; 35. Drive ring; 36. Positioning groove; 37. Positioning block; 38. Sleeve; 39. Piston plate; 40. Rotary joint; 41. Gear; 42. Pneumatic telescopic rod; 43. Fixed rod; 44. Sealing column; 45. Threaded groove; 46. Threaded rod; 47. Adjusting nut; 48. Air outlet connector; 49. Expansion pad; 50. Elastic cleaning ring; 61. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0017] To integrate rotary tillage, ridging, mulching, drip irrigation tape installation, and planting into the potato cultivation process, achieving multi-functional integrated operation, as one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the potato transplanter of the present invention includes a vehicle body 1. A rotary tiller for tilling the land is provided at the front end of the vehicle body 1. The rotary tiller is driven by a gearbox assembly 2. A ridging mechanism is provided on the rotary tiller. A mulch film laying mechanism is provided behind the ridging mechanism. A planting assembly is provided behind the mulch film laying mechanism. A drip irrigation tape laying mechanism is provided above the vehicle body 1. The drip irrigation tape laying mechanism is located above the rotary tiller.

[0018] In use, the drip irrigation tape is installed on the drip irrigation tape laying mechanism, the mulch film is installed on the mulch film laying mechanism, and the potato seedlings to be transplanted are prepared at the planting assembly. After starting the vehicle body 1, the rotary tiller is driven by the gearbox assembly 2. The rotary tiller at the front of the vehicle body 1 performs rotary tillage on the land, loosening and breaking up the soil. Since the drip irrigation tape laying mechanism is located above the rotary tiller, the rotary tillage process will not directly interfere with the already laid drip irrigation tape, and the loosened soil after rotary tillage can provide a more suitable laying environment for the drip irrigation tape. The land after rotary tillage is treated by the ridging mechanism to form soil ridges that meet the planting requirements; the drip irrigation tape located above the rotary tiller... The drip irrigation tape laying mechanism lays the drip irrigation tape on the prepared soil surface. After ridging, the mulch film laying mechanism behind it covers the soil ridges with mulch film, ensuring that the drip irrigation tape is tightly covered by the mulch film and placed in the space between the mulch film and the soil ridges. Finally, the planting assembly behind the mulch film laying mechanism plants the potato seedlings into the soil ridges covered with mulch film, completing the entire planting process. It integrates multiple processes such as rotary tillage, ridging, drip irrigation tape laying, mulch film covering, planting, and soil covering, replacing the repetitive labor of traditional manual digging, planting, mulching, and pipe laying, fundamentally reducing the degree of manual intervention, while realizing multi-functional integrated operation.

[0019] For ease of ridging, for example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also includes a ridging mechanism comprising a plow 3 disposed symmetrically in front of the vehicle body 1, a sliding tube 4 fixedly connected above the plow 3, a bracket assembly 5 provided on the vehicle body 1, a retaining ring 6 corresponding to the sliding tube 4 provided on the bracket assembly 5, the sliding tube 4 being located inside the retaining ring 6 and slidably connected to the retaining ring 6, and a fixing bolt 7 threadedly connected to the outer side of the retaining ring 6.

[0020] When in use, adjust the positions of the two sets of retaining rings 6 according to the required ridge width and height for potato planting. After the position of retaining rings 6 is adjusted, fix the retaining rings 6 on the support assembly. The ridge width is determined by the symmetrically set plow 3 spacing. Then loosen the fixing bolts 7 on the outside of the retaining rings 6 so that the sliding tube 4 above the plow 3 can slide up and down in the retaining rings 6 to adjust the soil penetration depth of the plow 3, thereby controlling the ridge height. After adjusting to the preset parameters, tighten the fixing bolts 7 to make the sliding tube 4 and retaining rings 6 tightly fixed, ensuring that the position of the plow 3 does not shift during operation. As the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the plows 3, which are symmetrically arranged at the front end, move with the vehicle body 1 and are inserted into the soil loosened by the rotary tiller. The plows 3 advance forward in the soil, pushing and gathering the soil on both sides towards the middle to form a soil ridge that meets the preset width and height. During the operation, the support assembly 5 provides stable support for the entire ridging mechanism to avoid the plows 3 from shifting position due to soil resistance.

[0021] To facilitate the installation of drip irrigation tape, for example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also includes a drip tape laying mechanism comprising a fixed pipe 8 vertically arranged above the bracket assembly 5, a U-shaped disc bracket 9 at the upper end of the fixed pipe 8, a connecting pipe 10 between the disc brackets 9, and a symmetrically arranged disc body 11 slidably connected to the connecting pipe 10, the disc body 11 being fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 10 by a fixing member 12. The rotary tiller is provided with an arc-shaped soil retaining cover 13 above it, and the soil retaining cover 13 is provided with a through hole 14 above it.

[0022] When in use, the reel with the drip tape wound around it is installed on the symmetrically arranged disc body 11, ensuring that the free end of the drip tape can be released smoothly. According to the planting needs, such as single or double row planting and ridge width adjustment, the disc body 11 on the sliding connecting pipe 10 is slid. By loosening the fixing piece 12, the disc body 11 is pushed to slide on the connecting pipe 10 to adjust the distance between the two discs, adapting to the laying needs of drip tape of different widths. After the adjustment is completed, the fixing piece 12 is tightened to fix the disc body 11 to the connecting pipe 10 to prevent displacement during operation. As the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the drip irrigation tape is released from the reel on the disc body 11 and falls through the through hole 14 of the soil retaining cover 13 to the working area of ​​the rotary tiller. When the rotary tiller tills the land, the soil retaining cover 13 blocks the splashed soil through the arc structure to prevent soil from contaminating or damaging the drip irrigation tape. At the same time, it prevents soil from accumulating on the disc body 11 or the connecting pipe 10 and affecting the operation. As subsequent processes such as rotary tillage and ridging are carried out, the drip irrigation tape is simultaneously buried in the loose soil or fixed in the soil ridge, completing the laying.

[0023] To facilitate the laying of the plastic film, for example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also includes a film laying mechanism comprising a horizontally arranged film pressing pipe 15, both ends of which are rotatably connected to a film support 16, and one end of the film support 16 away from the film pressing pipe 15 is fixedly connected to one side of the support assembly 5. The mulching pressing pipe 15 is located on the side of the ridging mechanism away from the rotary tiller, and the ridging mechanism is provided with soil retaining supports 17 on both sides.

[0024] In use, the center hole of the rolled-up mulch film is passed through the horizontally set mulching pressure pipe 15, so that the mulch film roll is wrapped around the mulching pressure pipe 15. Ensure that the mulch film roll can rotate freely with the mulching pressure pipe 15. Pull out a small amount of the outer end of the mulch film roll and lay it flat at the beginning of the soil ridge after ridging. Use the weight of the mulching pressure pipe 15 to lightly press on the mulch film to form the laying starting point. Start the vehicle body 1 to move forward. The mulching support 16 moves synchronously with the vehicle body 1, driving the mulching pressure pipe 15 and the mulch film roll forward. As the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the friction between the soil ridge surface and the mulch film causes the mulch film to unfold from the roll. At the same time, the mulching pressure pipe 15, because it is rotatably connected to the mulching support 16, will passively rotate as the mulch film is released, so that the speed of mulch film release is consistent with the speed of vehicle body 1. During the rotation, the mulching pressure pipe 15 always presses on the surface of the mulch film with its own weight, tightly adhering the unfolded mulch film to the soil ridge, preventing the mulch film from being blown away by the wind or having suspended wrinkles, thus improving the overall operation efficiency.

[0025] To facilitate potato cultivation, for example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also includes two sets of seedling inlet frames 18 installed at the rear of the vehicle body 1. Each seedling inlet frame 18 is connected to a seedling feeding machine box 19 on one side. Each seedling feeding machine box 19 is provided with a duckbill feeding port 20 below it. Each set of duckbill feeding ports 20 is connected to a duckbill connecting shaft assembly 21 on one side. The rear cover plate 22 is provided on the support assembly 5 at the rear of the vehicle body 1, and round plow blades 23 are provided on both sides of the rear cover plate 22.

[0026] Before use, potato seedlings are placed in two sets of seedling trays 18. Under gravity, the seedlings naturally slide into the seedling delivery box 19 connected to them, forming a planting queue. As the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the duckbill connecting shaft assembly 21 drives the two sets of duckbill discharge ports 20 to open and close periodically. When the duckbill is closed, its tip penetrates the mulch film and inserts into the soil ridge to a preset depth. When the duckbill opens, the potato seedlings in the seedling delivery box 19 fall into the planting hole. The duckbill closes and lifts, leaving the soil, completing the planting process. In a single planting process, after planting is completed at the duckbill feeding port 20, the rear soil covering plate 22 moves forward with the vehicle body 1, guiding the loose soil above the soil ridge to the planting hole and covering the potato seedling. At the same time, the round plow blades 23 on both sides of the rear soil covering plate 22 further compact the soil covering on both sides of the soil ridge and press the edge of the mulch film into the soil, ensuring that the mulch film is firmly fixed and the soil covering is compacted. This solves the problems of low efficiency, poor quality and high labor intensity in traditional manual planting, while optimizing the soil and mulch film environment for potato growth.

[0027] To facilitate cleaning of the inner wall of the retaining cover 13, for example, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also includes a first arc-shaped cleaning rod 24, a second arc-shaped cleaning rod 25, and several sets of horizontally arranged support rods 26 inside the retaining cover 13. The two ends of the support rods 26 are respectively provided with reciprocating threads 27. The support rods 26 are threadedly connected to support plates 28 through the reciprocating threads 27. The support plates 28 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first arc-shaped cleaning rods 24 and the second arc-shaped cleaning rods 25. The first arc-shaped cleaning rods 24 and the second arc-shaped cleaning rods 25 are provided with wedge-shaped surfaces 29 on both sides near the retaining cover 13.

[0028] During use, when the potato transplanter is in operation, the rotary tiller tills the land. The soil retaining cover 13 blocks splashed soil, preventing contamination of the drip irrigation belt and damage to other parts. As the operation time increases, soil will adhere to the inner wall of the soil retaining cover 13. At this time, the support rod 26 is driven to rotate. When the support rod 26 is driven to rotate, the support plate 28 will reciprocate linearly along the axis of the support rod 26. Since the support plate 28 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first arc-shaped cleaning rod 24 and the second arc-shaped cleaning rod 25, the reciprocating motion of the support plate 28 will drive the first arc-shaped cleaning rod 24 and the second arc-shaped cleaning rod 25 to reciprocate synchronously inside the soil retaining cover 13, conforming to the trajectory of the inner wall of the soil retaining cover 13. During the reciprocating motion, it can fully cover the inner surface of the cover, removing the attached soil, weeds and other debris, and preventing the soil retaining cover 13 from being affected by excessive soil accumulation. Meanwhile, the wedge-shaped surfaces 29 near the edge of the retaining cover 13 of the first arc-shaped cleaning rod 24 and the second arc-shaped cleaning rod 25 can reduce cleaning resistance, improve the stripping effect of stubborn soil, ensure that the retaining cover 13 is always clean, and avoid excessive soil accumulation on the inner wall of the retaining cover 13, which would cause soil to overflow and contaminate the drip tape laying mechanism, affecting subsequent planting processes; the support rod 26 drives the support plate 28 through the reciprocating thread 27, and can operate synchronously when the equipment is operating at high speed, without the need for additional shutdown for cleaning, thus improving the overall operating efficiency.

[0029] To facilitate the even spraying of the soil conditioner onto the surface of the rotary-tilled soil, for example, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the present invention also includes a horizontally arranged spray pipe 30 inside the retaining cover 13, the two ends of the spray pipe 30 being fixedly connected to the inner side of the retaining cover 13, and a liquid inlet connector 31 being provided in the middle of the spray pipe 30. The support rod 26 has a piston chamber 32 inside, and a horizontally arranged reciprocating threaded rod 33 is provided in the piston chamber 32. One end of the reciprocating threaded rod 33 passes through the support rod 26 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the retaining cover 13. A drive ring 34 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating threaded rod 33. The inner side of the support rod 26 has several sets of horizontally arranged positioning grooves 35. The outer side of the drive ring 34 has positioning blocks 36 corresponding to the positioning grooves 35. A sleeve 37 is fixedly connected to one side of the drive ring 34. One end of the sleeve 37 is fixedly connected to a piston plate 38 that is slidably connected to the piston chamber 32. The end of the support rod 26 away from the reciprocating threaded rod 33 passes through the retaining cover 13 and is rotatably connected to the retaining cover 13. A rotary joint 39 is installed at the end of the support rod 26 away from the reciprocating threaded rod 33. The end of the piston chamber 32 is connected to the liquid inlet joint 31 and the soil conditioner through the rotary joint 39 and the pipeline, respectively. One-way valves are installed on the pipeline. A gear 40 is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod 26 near the rotary joint 39.

[0030] During operation, when the potato transplanter is working, the power system of the vehicle body 1 drives the support rod 26 to rotate via gear 40. When the support rod 26 rotates, its internal reciprocating threaded rod 33 remains stationary because one end is fixed to the inner wall of the retaining cover 13. The drive ring 34 engages with the reciprocating threaded rod 33 through its inner thread, while the outer positioning block 36 is embedded in the positioning groove 35 of the support rod 26, restricting the drive ring 34 from rotating synchronously with the support rod 26. Ultimately, the drive ring 34 makes a horizontal reciprocating motion along the reciprocating threaded rod 33. The drive ring 34 drives the piston plate 38 on the support rod through the sleeve 37. The piston plate 38 slides back and forth in the piston chamber 32 of the 26. Utilizing the volume change of the piston chamber 32, in conjunction with the rotary joint 39, pipeline and one-way valve, when the piston plate 38 moves backward, the negative pressure of the piston chamber 32 draws in the soil conditioner through the rotary joint 39, pipeline and one-way valve. At this time, the soil conditioner is stored in the piston chamber 32. When the piston plate 38 moves forward, the positive pressure of the piston chamber 32 forces the soil conditioner through the rotary joint 39, pipeline and one-way valve into the liquid inlet 31 of the spray pipe 30. After receiving the soil conditioner through the liquid inlet 31, the spray pipe 30 sprays the conditioner evenly onto the surface of the soil after rotary tillage. By utilizing the rotation of the support rod 26 and the cooperation of the reciprocating threaded rod 33, the soil conditioner is automatically extracted and transported, reducing equipment energy consumption. Compared with manual application of soil conditioner, this structure can operate synchronously with the transplanter and seamlessly connect with the rotary tillage and ridging processes, greatly shortening the operation time and adapting to the needs of large-scale planting. It provides potato seedlings with more suitable soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capacity, indirectly improving the survival rate and yield of subsequent planting. When gear 40 drives support rod 26 to rotate, piston plate 38 of the first set of piston chambers 32 is driven inward by reciprocating threaded rod 33, generating negative pressure in piston chamber 32. Liquid is drawn from soil conditioner storage device through rotary joint 39 and pipeline. At the same time, piston plate 38 of the second set of piston chambers 32 moves outward, generating positive pressure in piston chamber 32. Soil conditioner in piston chamber 32 is forced into inlet joint 31 of spray pipe 30 through pipeline. Support rod 26 continues to rotate, and the actions of the two sets of piston chambers 32 switch synchronously. The first set of piston plate 38 moves outward to squeeze and supply liquid, while the second set of piston plate 38 moves inward to draw and replenish liquid. This cycle repeats to achieve continuous liquid supply. Spray pipe 30 receives soil conditioner alternately delivered by the two sets of piston chambers 32 through inlet joint 31. Regardless of which set is in liquid supply state, a stable liquid pressure is always maintained in spray pipe 30, thereby continuously spraying conditioner onto the soil after rotary tillage.

[0031] To facilitate adjusting the spray width to match the ridging width, for example, such as Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the present invention also includes symmetrically arranged pneumatic telescopic rods 41 fixedly connected to both ends of the inside of the spray pipe 30. The ends of the two sets of pneumatic telescopic rods 41 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray pipe 30 through a fixing rod 42. The ends of the two sets of pneumatic telescopic rods 41 that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to a sealing column 43. The side of the sealing column 43 that is away from the pneumatic telescopic rod 41 is provided with a threaded groove 44. The outer side of the retaining cover 13 is rotatably connected with a threaded rod 45 corresponding to the threaded groove 44. One end of the threaded rod 45 is fixedly connected to an adjusting nut 46. The upper surface of the spray pipe 30 is provided with an air outlet 47 that communicates with the pneumatic telescopic rod 41. An expansion pad 48 is provided in the piston chamber 32 of the support rod 26. The expansion pad 48 is located on the inner side of the end of the support rod 26 away from the reciprocating threaded rod 33. The expansion pad 48 is connected to the air outlet connector 47 through a rotary joint 39 and a pipeline.

[0032] When using this product, if the width of the potato planting ridges changes, such as switching between wide and narrow ridges, the effective spraying width of the spray pipe 30 should be adjusted accordingly to ensure that the soil conditioner is sprayed only on the area to be ridged, thus avoiding waste. During operation, the adjusting nuts 46 on the outer sides of the retaining covers 13 at both ends of the spray pipe 30 are rotated synchronously. The adjusting nuts 46 drive the threaded rod 45 to rotate. The threaded rod 45 is threadedly engaged with the threaded groove 44 of the sealing column 43. Because the sealing column 43 is restricted by the air pressure telescopic rod 41 and cannot rotate, it can only move horizontally along the axis closer to the center of the spray pipe 30. During the movement of the sealing column 43, it will gradually block some of the liquid outlet holes at both ends of the spray pipe 30. When the ridging width is narrow, the sealing column 43 moves towards the center to block more liquid outlet holes and reduce the spray coverage area. When the ridging width is wide, the adjusting nuts 46 are rotated in the opposite direction and the sealing column 43 moves towards both ends to expose more liquid outlet holes and expand the spray coverage area until the spray width is completely matched with the ridging width. When the sealing column 43 moves, it will squeeze or stretch the pneumatic telescopic rod 41. The sealing column 43 moves towards the center, and the pneumatic telescopic rod 41 is compressed. The internal gas is delivered to the expansion pad 48 through the gas outlet joint 47, pipeline and rotary joint 39 on the upper surface of the spray pipe 30. When the expansion pad 48 is pumped in the piston chamber 32, it automatically receives the gas and expands, filling part of the space in the piston chamber 32. At this time, when the support rod 26 rotates and drives the piston plate 38 to reciprocate, the effective suction volume in the piston chamber 32 is reduced due to the space occupied by the expansion pad 48. The amount of soil conditioner liquid pumped in a single time is reduced accordingly, which matches the actual liquid output demand of the spray pipe 30 after being blocked. If it is necessary to expand the spray width, the sealing column 43 is adjusted in the opposite direction to make the pneumatic telescopic rod 41 extend, reducing the expansion amount of the expansion pad 48 when pumping in the piston chamber 32, thereby increasing the effective suction volume of the piston chamber 32. The pumping amount of the piston plate 38 increases, meeting the liquid demand of a larger spray area. By adjusting the sealing column 43 to block the liquid outlet, the effective spray width of the spray pipe 30 can be flexibly matched with different ridging specifications, ensuring that the soil conditioner only acts on the soil ridge area to be planted, avoiding spraying onto the idle land between the ridges, significantly reducing the consumption of soil conditioner, especially in large-scale planting, which can save costs significantly. The design of simultaneous adjustment at both ends ensures symmetrical changes in spray width, matching the shape of symmetrical ridging, and improving the uniformity of soil conditioner distribution. At the same time, it avoids the liquid volume pressure or excessive spraying caused by reducing the spraying range but keeping the liquid extraction volume unchanged, and also prevents uneven spraying caused by expanding the spraying range but insufficient liquid extraction volume, ensuring that the amount of soil conditioner per unit area is always consistent and improving the soil improvement effect.

[0033] To facilitate cleaning of the outside of the spray pipe 30, for example, such as Figure 5 , Figure 10 As shown, the present invention also includes a plurality of elastic cleaning rings 49 provided on the outer side of the spray pipe 30, and the outer side of each elastic cleaning ring 49 is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 28 by a connecting rod 50.

[0034] When the potato transplanter is in use, the support rod 26 is driven to rotate by the gear 40. The reciprocating threads 27 at both ends of the support rod 26 drive the support plate 28 to move horizontally back and forth. The support plate 28 drives the elastic cleaning ring 49 to slide back and forth along the outside of the spray pipe 30 through the connecting rod 50. During the sliding process, the inner side of the elastic cleaning ring 49 is in close contact with the surface of the spray pipe 30. By using its own elasticity to conform to the shape of the spray pipe 30, it continuously cleans the outer side of the surface of the spray pipe 30, preventing soil and weed debris generated by the rotary tiller from splashing onto the surface of the spray pipe 30 and clogging the liquid outlet, which would lead to problems such as reduced liquid volume and uneven spraying.

[0035] When using this invention, a roller with drip tape wound around it is installed on the disc body 11 of the drip tape laying mechanism to ensure that the free end of the drip tape can be released smoothly and fall into the rotary tiller working area through the through hole 14 of the soil retaining cover 13. The center hole of the rolled mulch film is passed through the film pressing pipe 15 of the mulch film laying mechanism, and the outer end of the mulch film is pulled out and laid flat at the beginning of the soil ridge as the starting point of the laying. Potato seedlings to be transplanted are placed in the seedling frame 18 of the planting assembly. According to the requirements of ridge width and ridge height for potato planting, the positions of the two sets of retaining rings 6 are adjusted. After the positions of the retaining rings 6 are adjusted, the retaining rings 6 are fixed on the support assembly. The ridge width is determined by the symmetrically set plow 3 spacing. Then, the fixing bolts 7 on the outside of the retaining rings 6 are loosened so that the sliding tube 4 above the plow 3 can slide up and down in the retaining rings 6 to adjust the soil penetration depth of the plow 3, thereby controlling the ridge height. After adjusting to the preset parameters, the fixing bolts 7 are tightened to make the sliding tube 4 and the retaining rings 6 tightly fixed. The vehicle body 1 is started, and the front rotary tiller is driven by the gearbox assembly 2 to perform rotary tillage on the land, loosening and breaking up the soil. The tilled soil is pushed and gathered by the symmetrically arranged plows 3 to form a soil ridge of a preset size. The soil retaining bracket 17 prevents the soil from scattering to both sides. As the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the drip tape is released from the disc body 11 and laid on the loose soil surface through the through hole 14. The soil retaining cover 13 prevents the soil from contaminating the drip tape. Simultaneously, as the support rod 26 rotates, its internal reciprocating threaded rod 33 remains stationary because one end is fixed to the inner wall of the retaining cover 13. The drive ring 34 engages with the reciprocating threaded rod 33 through its inner thread, while the outer positioning block 36 is embedded in the positioning groove 35 of the support rod 26, restricting the drive ring 34 from rotating synchronously with the support rod 26. Ultimately, the drive ring 34 performs horizontal reciprocating motion along the reciprocating threaded rod 33. The drive ring 34 drives the piston plate 38 to slide reciprocally within the piston chamber 32 of the support rod 26 through the sleeve 37, utilizing the piston chamber... The volume change of 32, in conjunction with the rotary joint 39, pipeline and one-way valve, when the piston plate 38 retracts, the negative pressure of the piston chamber 32 draws in the soil conditioner through the rotary joint 39, pipeline and one-way valve. At this time, the soil conditioner is stored in the piston chamber 32. When the piston plate 38 moves forward, the positive pressure of the piston chamber 32 forces the soil conditioner through the rotary joint 39, pipeline and one-way valve into the liquid inlet 31 of the spray pipe 30. After receiving the soil conditioner through the liquid inlet 31, the spray pipe 30 sprays the conditioner evenly onto the soil surface after rotary tillage. After ridging, the mulch pressing pipe 15 rotates passively due to the friction between the mulch and the soil ridge, tightly covering the soil ridge with the mulch. Then, the duckbill connecting shaft assembly 21 drives the duckbill feeding port 20 to open and close periodically. When closed, it penetrates the mulch and inserts into the soil ridge. When opened, it releases the potato seedlings in the seedling delivery box 19. The soil covering plate 22 covers the potato seedlings with the forward movement of the vehicle body 1. The round plow blades 23 on both sides compact the soil and fix the edge of the mulch, completing the entire planting process. It integrates multiple processes such as rotary tillage, ridging, drip irrigation tape laying, mulch covering, planting, and soil covering, replacing the repetitive labor of traditional manual digging, planting, mulching, and pipe laying. It fundamentally reduces the degree of manual participation and realizes multi-functional integrated operation. As the working time increases, mud will adhere to the inner wall of the retaining cover 13. The power system of the vehicle body 1 drives the support rod 26 to rotate through the gear 40. When the support rod 26 rotates, the support plate 28 will reciprocate linearly along the axis of the support rod 26. Since the support plate 28 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first arc-shaped cleaning rod 24 and the second arc-shaped cleaning rod 25, the reciprocating motion of the support plate 28 will drive the first arc-shaped cleaning rod 24 and the second arc-shaped cleaning rod 25 to reciprocate synchronously inside the retaining cover 13, conforming to the trajectory of the inner wall of the retaining cover 13. During the reciprocating motion, it can fully cover the inner surface of the cover, remove the attached mud, weeds and other debris, and avoid affecting the protective function of the retaining cover 13 due to excessive soil accumulation. When the width of the potato planting ridges changes, such as switching between wide and narrow ridges, the effective spraying width of the spray pipe 30 needs to be adjusted simultaneously to ensure that the soil conditioner is sprayed only on the area to be ridged, avoiding waste. Simultaneously rotate the adjusting nuts 46 on the outside of the soil retaining covers 13 at both ends of the spray pipe 30. The adjusting nuts 46 drive the threaded rod 45 to rotate. The threaded rod 45 is threaded into the threaded groove 44 of the sealing column 43. Because the sealing column 43 is restricted by the air pressure telescopic rod 41 and cannot rotate, it can only move horizontally along the axis closer to the center of the spray pipe 30. During the movement of the sealing column 43, it will gradually block some of the liquid outlets at both ends of the spray pipe 30. When the ridge width is narrow, the sealing column 43 moves towards the center, blocking more liquid outlets and reducing the spray coverage area. When the ridge width is wide, rotate the adjusting nuts 46 in the opposite direction, and the sealing column 43 moves towards both ends, exposing more liquid outlets and expanding the spray coverage area until the spray width is completely matched with the ridge width. When the sealing column 43 moves, it will squeeze or stretch the pneumatic telescopic rod 41. The sealing column 43 moves towards the center, and the pneumatic telescopic rod 41 is compressed. The internal gas is delivered to the expansion pad 48 through the gas outlet joint 47, pipeline and rotary joint 39 on the upper surface of the spray pipe 30. When the expansion pad 48 is pumped in the piston chamber 32, it automatically receives the gas and expands, filling part of the space in the piston chamber 32. At this time, when the support rod 26 rotates and drives the piston plate 38 to reciprocate, the effective suction volume in the piston chamber 32 is reduced due to the space occupied by the expansion pad 48. The amount of soil conditioner liquid pumped in a single time is reduced accordingly, which matches the actual liquid output demand of the spray pipe 30 after being blocked. If it is necessary to expand the spray width, the sealing column 43 is adjusted in the opposite direction to make the pneumatic telescopic rod 41 extend, reducing the expansion amount of the expansion pad 48 when pumping in the piston chamber 32, thereby increasing the effective suction volume of the piston chamber 32. The pumping amount of the piston plate 38 increases, meeting the liquid demand of a larger spray area. By adjusting the sealing column 43 to block the liquid outlet, the effective spray width of the spray pipe 30 can be flexibly matched with different ridging specifications, ensuring that the soil conditioner only acts on the soil ridge area to be planted, avoiding spraying onto the idle land between ridges, significantly reducing the consumption of soil conditioner, especially in large-scale planting, which can save costs significantly. The design of simultaneous adjustment at both ends ensures symmetrical changes in spray width, matching the shape of symmetrical ridging, and improving the uniformity of soil conditioner distribution; at the same time, it avoids liquid volume pressure or overspraying caused by reducing the spray range but keeping the liquid extraction volume unchanged, and also prevents uneven spraying caused by expanding the spray range but insufficient liquid extraction volume, ensuring that the amount of soil conditioner used per unit area is always consistent, and improving the soil improvement effect; When the potato transplanter is in operation, the support rod 26 is driven to rotate by the gear 40. The reciprocating threads 27 at both ends of the rod drive the support plate 28 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion. The support plate 28 drives the elastic cleaning ring 49 to slide back and forth along the outside of the spray pipe 30 through the connecting rod 50. During the sliding process, the inner side of the elastic cleaning ring 49 is in close contact with the surface of the spray pipe 30. By using its own elasticity to conform to the shape of the spray pipe 30, it continuously cleans the outer side of the surface of the spray pipe 30, preventing soil and weed debris generated by the rotary tiller from splashing onto the surface of the spray pipe 30 and clogging the liquid outlet, which would lead to problems such as reduced liquid volume and uneven spraying.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A potato transplanter, characterized in that, Includes a vehicle body (1), the front end of which is equipped with a rotary tiller for tilling the land, the rotary tiller is driven by a gearbox assembly (2), the rotary tiller is equipped with a ridging mechanism, a mulch film laying mechanism is located behind the ridging mechanism, a planting assembly is located behind the mulch film laying mechanism, and a drip irrigation tape laying mechanism is located above the vehicle body (1). The vehicle body (1) is provided with a bracket assembly (5). The drip tape laying mechanism includes a fixed pipe (8) vertically arranged above the bracket assembly (5). The upper end of the fixed pipe (8) is provided with a U-shaped disc bracket (9). A connecting pipe (10) is provided between the disc brackets (9). A symmetrically arranged disc body (11) is slidably connected to the connecting pipe (10). The disc body (11) is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (10) by a fixing member (12). The rotary tiller is provided with an arc-shaped soil retaining cover (13) above it, and a through hole (14) is provided above the soil retaining cover (13). The retaining cover (13) is provided with a first arc-shaped cleaning rod (24), a second arc-shaped cleaning rod (25) and several sets of horizontally arranged support rods (26). The two ends of the support rods (26) are respectively provided with reciprocating threads (27). The support rods (26) are threaded to a support plate (28) through the reciprocating threads (27). The support plate (28) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first arc-shaped cleaning rod (24) and the second arc-shaped cleaning rod (25). The first arc-shaped cleaning rod (24) and the second arc-shaped cleaning rod (25) are provided with wedge-shaped surfaces (29) on both sides of the retaining cover (13). The retaining cover (13) is provided with a horizontally arranged spray pipe (30), the two ends of the spray pipe (30) are fixedly connected to the inside of the retaining cover (13), and the spray pipe (30) is provided with a liquid inlet connector (31) in the middle. The support rod (26) has a piston chamber (32) inside, and a horizontally arranged reciprocating threaded rod (33) is provided inside the piston chamber (32). One end of the reciprocating threaded rod (33) passes through the support rod (26) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the retaining cover (13). A drive ring (34) is threadedly connected to the reciprocating threaded rod (33). Several sets of horizontally arranged positioning grooves (35) are provided on the inner side of the support rod (26). A positioning block (36) corresponding to the positioning groove (35) is provided on the outer side of the drive ring (34). A sleeve (37) is fixedly connected to one side of the drive ring (34). One end of the sleeve (37) is fixedly connected to a piston plate (38) that is slidably connected to the piston chamber (32). The end of the support rod (26) away from the reciprocating threaded rod (33) passes through the retaining cover (13) and is rotatably connected to the retaining cover (13). A rotary joint (39) is installed at the end of the support rod (26) away from the reciprocating threaded rod (33). The end of the piston chamber (32) is connected to the liquid inlet joint (31) and the soil conditioner through the rotary joint (39) and the pipeline respectively. A one-way valve is installed on each pipeline. A gear (40) is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod (26) near the rotary joint (39). The spray pipe (30) has symmetrically arranged pneumatic telescopic rods (41) fixedly connected at both ends. The two sets of pneumatic telescopic rods (41) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray pipe (30) through a fixing rod (42) at the close end. The two sets of pneumatic telescopic rods (41) are fixedly connected to a sealing column (43) at the far end. The sealing column (43) is provided with a threaded groove (44) on the side away from the pneumatic telescopic rod (41). The outer side of the retaining cover (13) is rotatably connected with a threaded rod (45) corresponding to the threaded groove (44). One end of the threaded rod (45) is fixedly connected with an adjusting nut (46). The upper surface of the spray pipe (30) is provided with an air outlet (47) communicating with the pneumatic telescopic rod (41). An expansion pad (48) is provided in the piston chamber (32) of the support rod (26). The expansion pad (48) is located on the inner side of the end of the support rod (26) away from the reciprocating threaded rod (33). The expansion pad (48) is connected to the air outlet connector (47) through a rotary joint (39) and a pipeline.

2. The potato transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ridging mechanism includes a plow (3) arranged symmetrically in front of the vehicle body (1), a sliding tube (4) fixedly connected above the plow (3), a retaining ring (6) corresponding to the sliding tube (4) on the bracket assembly (5), the sliding tube (4) is located inside the retaining ring (6) and slidably connected to the retaining ring (6), and a fixing bolt (7) is threaded on the outside of the retaining ring (6).

3. A potato transplanter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mulch film laying mechanism includes a horizontally arranged mulch film pressing pipe (15), and both ends of the mulch film pressing pipe (15) are rotatably connected to a mulch film support (16). The end of the mulch film support (16) away from the mulch film pressing pipe (15) is fixedly connected to one side of the support assembly (5). The mulching pressing pipe (15) is located on the side of the ridging mechanism away from the rotary tiller, and the ridging mechanism is provided with soil retaining supports (17) on both sides.

4. A potato transplanter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The planting assembly includes two sets of seedling inlet frames (18) installed at the rear of the vehicle body (1). Each seedling inlet frame (18) is connected to a seedling feeding machine box (19) on one side. Each seedling feeding machine box (19) is provided with a duckbill feeding port (20) at the bottom. Each set of duckbill feeding ports (20) is connected to a duckbill connecting shaft assembly (21) on one side. The rear soil cover plate (22) is provided on the support assembly (5) at the rear of the vehicle body (1), and round plow blades (23) are provided on both sides of the rear soil cover plate (22).

5. A potato transplanter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer side of the spray pipe (30) is provided with several sets of elastic cleaning rings (49), and the outer side of each elastic cleaning ring (49) is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate (28) through a connecting rod (50).

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