Side deep fertilizing device and transplanter

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rice transplanting, and discloses a side deep fertilizing device and a rice transplanter, which comprise a hopper 2, a fertilizing assembly 3 for fertilizing the soil on one side of the seedling while transplanting, and a plurality of covering assemblies 4 for backfilling the trench after the fertilizer is pressed into the soil, wherein the covering assemblies 4 are arranged on a plurality of furrow boards 31 respectively, and an anti-caking assembly 5 is arranged for dispersing the caked fertilizer in the hopper 2. The arrangement of the fertilizing assembly enables the fertilizer in the channel 33 to be pressed downward by the downward swing of the poking rod 34, so that the fertilizer at the bottom of the channel 33 is pressed into the soil, thereby achieving the technical effect of directly pressing a batch of fertilizer into the soil, and enabling the batch of fertilizer to be more concentratedly distributed beside the seedling, so as to ensure that the batch of fertilizer can be effectively absorbed by the seedling and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rice transplanting technology, specifically to a side-deep fertilization device and a rice transplanter. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, rice transplanters and side-deep fertilization devices play crucial roles. Rice transplanters, as important agricultural machinery, operate on the principle of "group, sequential, segmented seedling removal and direct planting." Seedlings are neatly placed in a group in a seedling box, which moves laterally. The seedling remover sequentially removes a fixed number of seedlings, and under the control of a transplanting trajectory mechanism, the seedlings are precisely inserted into the soil according to agronomic requirements. The remover then returns to the seedling box to retrieve more seedlings, repeating this cycle to improve transplanting efficiency and reduce labor costs. The side-deep fertilization device, on the other hand, performs fertilization simultaneously with the rice transplanter. It creates trenches next to the seedlings using a ditching plate, and a fertilizer dispenser discharges a fixed amount of fertilizer from the fertilizer tank into the trenches via a conveying pipe. A soil covering plate then covers the fertilizer. Side-deep fertilization significantly improves fertilizer utilization, as the fertilizer is precisely applied to the soil layer near the seedling roots, reducing volatilization and loss, and preventing weeds and algae from consuming the fertilizer, thus reducing fertilizer usage and mitigating environmental pollution.

[0003] However, the existing technology has the following problems:

[0004] Currently, in the application of technology that combines rice transplanting and fertilization, although the side-deep fertilization device has achieved mechanized fertilization, there are still significant limitations. Most existing devices adopt a bottom-opening fertilizer discharge structure. When the fertilization device moves in the soil, the soil presses against the fertilizer discharge port, causing the soil to wrap around and squeeze the discharge port, which obstructs the fertilizer discharge process and makes it difficult to release the fertilizer evenly and quickly. It can only be discharged slowly through the gap between the fertilizer discharge port and the soil. As a result, the fertilizer forms a long strip distribution in the soil, which limits the contact range with the seedling roots. Fertilizer that is far away from the seedlings is difficult to be effectively absorbed and utilized by the roots. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a side-deep fertilization device and a rice transplanter to solve the above-mentioned problems and overcome the defects of the prior art, as detailed below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a side-deep fertilization device, comprising: a hopper; a fertilization component for applying fertilizer to the soil on one side of the seedlings during transplanting, the fertilization component being installed on the hopper, the fertilization component including multiple trenching plates, all of which are installed on the hopper, each trenching plate having a channel, and a lever rotatably installed within each trenching plate, the trenching plate being able to separate the soil to both sides to form a trench when it moves, the lever continuously squeezing the fertilizer in the channel as the trenching plate moves, thereby pressing the fertilizer into the soil in batches; a soil covering component for backfilling the trench after the fertilizer is pressed into the soil, multiple soil covering components being provided, each of which is installed on multiple trenching plates; and an anti-caking component for breaking up any clumps of fertilizer in the hopper, the anti-caking component being installed on the hopper.

[0008] Preferably, a material pipe is connected to the grooved plate, and one end of the material pipe away from the grooved plate is connected to a hopper. The hopper is provided with multiple discharge ports, which are respectively connected to multiple material pipes, and the multiple material pipes are respectively connected to multiple channels.

[0009] Preferably, a spring is provided between the lever and the inner wall of the grooved plate, an accordion strip is provided between the lever and the channel, a sliding rod is slidably connected through the grooved plate, the bottom of the sliding rod is in sliding contact with the lever, a cylinder is installed on the hopper, the output end of the cylinder is connected to a connecting frame, and multiple sliding rods are connected to the connecting frame.

[0010] Preferably, a slide block is slidably connected inside the channel, a return spring is provided between the slide block and the channel, a clearing rod is connected to the slide block, a part of the clearing rod is located in the material tube, a protruding rod is connected to the clearing rod, and the protruding rod is located on the movement trajectory of the lever.

[0011] Preferably, the soil covering assembly includes a soil covering cover connected to the trenching plate.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding column is slidably installed on the soil cover, a pressure plate is connected to the bottom of the sliding column, a counterweight is connected to the top of the sliding column, a pry bar is rotatably installed on the soil cover, an abutting rod is connected to the sliding column, one end of the pry bar abuts against the counterweight, and the other end of the pry bar abuts against the abutting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-caking component includes a smooth rod that is movably connected inside the hopper. Multiple sets of fork-shaped plates are connected to the smooth rod, and two square rods are connected to the connecting frame. The square rods are provided with wave grooves.

[0014] Preferably, the fork-shaped plates are located next to multiple discharge ports of the hopper, and the two ends of the guide rod pass through both sides of the hopper. The two ends of the guide rod are slidably connected to two wave grooves.

[0015] A rice transplanter includes the aforementioned side-deep fertilization device and a frame. The hopper is mounted on the frame, and the frame is also equipped with a drive assembly, a seedling tray, and an automatic transplanting assembly. The drive assembly is used to drive the frame to move, the seedling tray is used to place seedlings, and the automatic transplanting assembly is used to automatically perform rice transplanting operations when the frame is moving.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This side-deep fertilization device, through the setting of the fertilization components, causes the fertilizer in the channel to be squeezed downward when the lever swings downward, pressing the fertilizer at the bottom of the channel into the soil. This achieves the technical effect of directly pressing a batch of fertilizer into the soil, allowing the fertilizer to be more concentratedly distributed around the seedlings, thus ensuring that the fertilizer can be effectively absorbed by the seedlings and improving the utilization rate of fertilizer. Furthermore, the continuous up-and-down reciprocating motion of the lever can continuously agitate the fertilizer, promoting its fall and preventing fertilizer accumulation and blockage in the channel, ensuring that the fertilization process is uninterrupted.

[0018] 2. This side-deep fertilization device, through the setting of the soil covering component, guides the soil originally pushed away by the trenching plate towards the center of the trench, so that the soil on both sides slides down the inclined cover wall into the trench, achieving the technical effect of automatic soil covering and backfilling, reducing the amount of manual backfilling of the trench, thereby reducing labor costs; through the setting of the pressing plate, the pressing plate can follow the movement of the soil covering cover, and through the continuous upward and downward movement, it can compact the soil backfilled by the soil covering cover again, thereby improving the flatness of the soil.

[0019] 3. This side-deep fertilization device, through the setting of anti-caking components, enables multiple sets of fork-shaped blades to shake apart the clumps of fertilizer in the hopper, so that the clumps of fertilizer can be dispersed before entering the discharge port, thereby preventing the clumps of fertilizer from clogging the feed pipe and channel. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle frame structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the hopper structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer application component structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lever structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unblocking rod structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the soil covering component structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-caking component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the waveform groove structure of the present invention.

[0031] The reference numerals in the attached diagrams are explained as follows: 1. Frame; 6. Drive assembly; 7. Seedling tray; 8. Automatic rice transplanter assembly;

[0032] 2. Hopper;

[0033] 3. Fertilizer applicator; 31. Trenching plate; 32. Feed pipe; 33. Channel; 34. Pulley; 35. Slide rod; 36. Connecting frame; 37. Cylinder; 38. Slide seat; 39. Unblocking rod; 310. Protruding rod;

[0034] 4. Soil covering assembly; 41. Soil covering cover; 42. Sliding column; 43. Pressure plate; 44. Counterweight; 45. Pry bar; 46. Abutment bar;

[0035] 5. Anti-caking component; 51. Smooth rod; 52. Fork-shaped piece; 53. Square rod; 54. Wave groove. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] In existing technologies, during the fertilization process while transplanting rice seedlings, although the fertilization device can be inserted into the soil to dispense fertilizer in a measured amount, the soil blocks the fertilizer outlet at the bottom of the device as it moves through the soil. This causes a batch of fertilizer to slowly drain out through the gap between the soil and the outlet, resulting in the fertilizer forming a long strip after entering the soil. The contact range between the fertilizer and the seedling roots is limited, leading to low utilization and waste of some fertilizer. This embodiment is invented to solve the above problems.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 5 A side-deep fertilization device includes: a hopper 2; and a fertilization component 3 for applying fertilizer to the soil on one side of the seedlings during transplanting. The fertilization component 3 is installed on the hopper 2 and includes multiple ditching plates 31, all of which are installed on the hopper 2. The ditching plates 31 are provided with channels 33, and a lever 34 is rotatably installed inside the ditching plates 31. The ditching plates 31 can separate the soil to both sides to form channels when they move. The lever 34 continuously squeezes the fertilizer in the channels 33 when the ditching plates 31 move, thereby pressing the fertilizer into the soil in batches.

[0040] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 - Figure 5 A material pipe 32 is connected to the trenching plate 31. One end of the material pipe 32, which is away from the trenching plate 31, is connected to the hopper 2. The hopper 2 is provided with multiple discharge ports, which are connected to multiple material pipes 32 respectively. The multiple material pipes 32 are connected to multiple channels 33 respectively. After the fertilizer is loaded into the hopper 2, the fertilizer at the bottom of the hopper 2 enters the multiple material pipes 32 through the multiple discharge ports. The fertilizer in the material pipes 32 enters the multiple channels 33 respectively. When the trenching plate 31 moves in the soil, the soil presses against the bottom of the channel 33, so that the channel 33 is filled with fertilizer.

[0041] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 5A spring is provided between the lever 34 and the inner wall of the trenching plate 31. A gusseted rubber strip is provided between the lever 34 and the channel 33. The gusseted rubber strip serves as a seal to prevent some fertilizer from entering the installation area of ​​the lever 34 and jamming it. A sliding rod 35 is slidably connected through the trenching plate 31. The bottom of the sliding rod 35 slides in contact with the lever 34. A cylinder 37 is installed on the hopper 2. The output end of the cylinder 37 is connected to a connecting frame 36. Multiple sliding rods 35 are connected to the connecting frame 36. When the cylinder 37 is started, it drives the connecting frame 36 to move down or up through the output end. One downward and upward movement of the connecting frame 36 by the cylinder 37 represents the completion of one fertilization operation. When the connecting frame 36 moves down, it drives multiple sliding rods 35 to move down, with one of the sliding rods 35 moving down. Taking the trench plate 31 as an example, when the sliding rod 35 moves down, it drives the lever 34 in the trenching plate 31 to swing downward. Before swinging downward, the lever 34 does not block the channel 33. The channel 33 is filled with fertilizer. After the lever 34 swings downward, it enters the channel 33 and squeezes the fertilizer below the lever 34 in the channel 33 downward, so that the fertilizer at the bottom of the channel 33 is pressed into the soil. This achieves the technical effect of directly pressing a batch of fertilizer into the soil, so that the batch of fertilizer can be more concentratedly distributed next to the seedlings, thereby ensuring that the batch of fertilizer can be effectively absorbed by the seedlings and improving the utilization rate of fertilizer. After the connecting frame 36 moves up, it drives multiple sliding rods 35 to move up. Multiple levers 34 are reset by the elastic force of the return spring. Then the fertilizer fills the channel 33 again, ready for the next fertilization operation.

[0042] In addition, please see Figure 6 A slide block 38 is slidably connected within the channel 33. A return spring is installed between the slide block 38 and the channel 33. A clearing rod 39 is connected to the slide block 38, with a portion of the clearing rod 39 located in the material tube 32. A protrusion 310 is connected to the clearing rod 39, and the protrusion 310 is located on the movement trajectory of the lever 34. When the lever 34 swings downward, it contacts the protrusion 310 and drives the protrusion 310 to move downward. The protrusion 310 drives the clearing rod 39 and the slide block 38 to move downward. After the lever 34 returns to its original position, the slide block 38 moves upward to its original position using the elastic force of the return spring. The unblocking rod 39 and the protruding rod 310 move upward and reset. When the fertilizer falls into the channel 33, due to the friction and adsorption between the fertilizer particles, and the limited space in the channel 33, the fertilizer pushed backward will continuously squeeze the fertilizer in front, causing some fertilizer particles to interlock and stack, gradually reducing the fluidity, and thus causing blockage in the channel 33, preventing the fertilizer from falling smoothly. The unblocking rod 39, through continuous up and down reciprocating movement, can continuously move the fertilizer, promote the fertilizer to fall, avoid fertilizer accumulation and blockage, and ensure that the fertilization process is not interrupted.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Based on Example 1, after the trenching board 31 has completed fertilization, the trenches formed by the trenching board 31 still need to be backfilled manually, which increases the amount of labor and labor costs. This example is invented to solve the above problems.

[0045] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 7 - Figure 8 The soil covering component 4 is used to backfill the trench after the fertilizer is pressed into the soil. Multiple soil covering components 4 are provided, each installed on a different trenching plate 31. Each soil covering component 4 includes a soil covering cover 41 connected to the trenching plate 31. The soil covering cover 41 has a V-shaped cross-section and is inclined. The bottom of the soil covering cover 41 contacts the ground. When the trenching plate 31 moves and forms a trench, the soil in the trench turns up to both sides. The V-shaped cross-section of the soil covering cover 41 forms inclined walls on both sides. These inclined walls naturally conform to the soil turned up when the trenching plate 31 is trenched. As the soil cover 41 moves along with the trenching plate 31, it utilizes the convergence characteristics of the V-shaped structure to guide the soil that was originally pushed away by the trenching plate 31 towards the center of the trench. This allows the soil on both sides to slide smoothly down the inclined cover wall into the trench. During the movement, the inclined soil cover 41 gradually compresses the soil, so that the soil is evenly covered on the surface of the fertilizer in the trench under the combined action of gravity and mechanical thrust. The inclined cover wall, through slight compaction, brings the backfill soil into contact with the soil at the bottom of the trench, preventing the fertilizer from being exposed. This achieves the technical effect of automatic soil covering and backfilling, reducing the amount of manual backfilling of the trench and thus reducing labor costs.

[0046] It is worth mentioning that you should refer to Figure 7 - Figure 8 A sliding column 42 is slidably mounted on the soil cover 41. A pressure plate 43 is connected to the bottom of the sliding column 42, and a counterweight 44 is connected to the top of the sliding column 42. A pry bar 45 is rotatably mounted on the soil cover 41. An abutment rod 46 is connected to the sliding column 45. One end of the pry bar 45 abuts against the counterweight 44, and the other end of the pry bar 45 abuts against the abutment rod 46. When the sliding column 35 moves down, it causes the abutment rod 46 to move down. The downward movement of the abutment rod 46, through the pry bar 45, tilts the counterweight 44 upward. The counterweight 44 drives the sliding column 42 and the pressure plate 43 at the bottom of the sliding column 42 to move upward. When the sliding rod 35 moves upward, it drives the abutment rod 46 to move upward. The counterweight 44 uses gravity to drive the sliding column 42 and the pressure plate 43 to fall. The pressure plate 43 falls and contacts the soil, thereby compacting the soil. By setting the pressure plate 43, the pressure plate 43 can follow the movement of the soil cover 41. By continuously moving upward and falling, the soil backfilled by the soil cover 41 is compacted again, thereby improving the flatness of the soil.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] Based on Example 1, since some fertilizer may clump together, the clumped fertilizer may cause blockage of the feed pipe 32 and the channel 33 after entering the discharge port of the hopper 2, which will prevent the trenching plate 31 from performing fertilization operations normally, resulting in some seedlings not being effectively fertilized. This example is invented to solve the above problems.

[0049] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 9 - Figure 10 Anti-caking component 5 is used to break up clumps of fertilizer in hopper 2. Anti-caking component 5 is installed on hopper 2. Anti-caking component 5 includes a smooth rod 51, which is movably connected inside hopper 2. Multiple sets of fork-shaped plates 52 are connected to the smooth rod 51. Two square rods 53 are connected to the connecting frame 36. The square rods 53 are provided with corrugated grooves 54. The multiple sets of fork-shaped plates 52 are located next to multiple discharge ports of hopper 2. Both ends of the smooth rod 51 penetrate both sides of hopper 2. Both ends of the smooth rod 51 are slidably connected to the two corrugated grooves 54. When the two corrugated grooves 54 move, they can drive the smooth rod. When the connecting frame 36 moves up and down, it drives the two square rods 53 to move up and down. When the two square rods 53 move up and down, they drive the smooth rod 51 to vibrate through the two corrugated grooves 54. When the smooth rod 51 vibrates, it drives multiple sets of fork-shaped plates 52 to vibrate. Since the multiple sets of fork-shaped plates 52 are located at multiple discharge ports of the hopper 2, when the clumped fertilizer moves to the discharge port, it comes into contact with a set of fork-shaped plates 52. The fork-shaped plates 52 can shake the clumped fertilizer apart by vibrating, so that the clumped fertilizer can be dispersed before entering the discharge port, thereby avoiding the clumped fertilizer from clogging the feed pipe 32 and the channel 33.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 A rice transplanter includes a side-deep fertilization device as described in the above embodiment, and also includes a frame 1. A hopper 2 is installed on the frame 1. The frame 1 is also equipped with a drive component 6, a seedling tray 7, and an automatic transplanting component 8. The drive component 6 is used to drive the frame 1 to move, the seedling tray 7 is used to place seedlings, and the automatic transplanting component 8 is used to automatically perform transplanting operations when the frame 1 is moving. The drive component 6, the seedling tray 7, and the automatic transplanting component 8 are all existing technologies. The automatic transplanting component 8 uses a seedling picker to pick up a set number of seedlings from the seedling tray 7 at a set frequency. Guided by a trajectory control mechanism, the seedlings are accurately inserted into the soil and then reset and cycle to achieve continuous automatic transplanting. Its specific structure and working principle are not described in detail. The extension and retraction rhythm of the cylinder 37 is coordinated with the automatic transplanting component 8. When the seedling is inserted into the soil, the cylinder 37 synchronously drives the connecting frame 36 to move down, so that the fertilization component 3 presses the fertilizer into the soil next to the seedling.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A side-deep fertilization device, characterized in that, include: Hopper (2); A fertilizer application component (3) is used to apply fertilizer to the soil on one side of the seedlings while transplanting rice seedlings. The fertilizer application component (3) is installed on the hopper (2). The fertilizer application component (3) includes multiple ditching plates (31). All of the multiple ditching plates (31) are installed on the hopper (2). The ditching plates (31) are provided with channels (33). A lever (34) is rotatably installed in the ditching plates (31). The ditching plates (31) can separate the soil to both sides to form a ditch when they move. The lever (34) continuously squeezes the fertilizer in the channels (33) when the ditching plates (31) move, thereby pressing the fertilizer into the soil in batches. A spring is provided between the lever (34) and the inner wall of the grooved plate (31), and an accordion rubber strip is provided between the lever (34) and the channel (33). A sliding rod (35) is slidably connected through the grooved plate (31). The bottom of the sliding rod (35) is in sliding contact with the lever (34). A cylinder (37) is installed on the hopper (2). A connecting frame (36) is connected to the output end of the cylinder (37). Multiple sliding rods (35) are connected to the connecting frame (36). A slide block (38) is slidably connected inside the channel (33). A return spring is provided between the slide block (38) and the channel (33). A unclogging rod (39) is connected to the slide block (38). A part of the unclogging rod (39) is located in the material tube (32). A protruding rod (310) is connected to the unclogging rod (39). The protruding rod (310) is located on the movement trajectory of the lever (34). The soil covering component (4) is used to backfill the trench after the fertilizer is pressed into the soil. Multiple soil covering components (4) are provided, and multiple soil covering components (4) are respectively installed on multiple trenching plates (31). An anti-caking component (5) is used to disperse the clumps of fertilizer in the hopper (2), and the anti-caking component (5) is installed on the hopper (2).

2. The side-deep fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grooved plate (31) is connected to a material pipe (32). The end of the material pipe (32) that is far away from the grooved plate (31) is connected to the hopper (2). The hopper (2) is provided with multiple discharge ports. The multiple discharge ports are respectively connected to multiple material pipes (32), and the multiple material pipes (32) are respectively connected to multiple channels (33).

3. The side-deep fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering assembly (4) includes a soil covering cover (41) which is connected to the trenching plate (31).

4. The side-deep fertilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding column (42) is slidably installed on the soil cover (41). A pressure plate (43) is connected to the bottom of the sliding column (42). A counterweight (44) is connected to the top of the sliding column (42). A pry bar (45) is rotatably installed on the soil cover (41). An abutment rod (46) is connected to the sliding bar (35). One end of the pry bar (45) abuts against the counterweight (44), and the other end of the pry bar (45) abuts against the abutment rod (46).

5. A side-deep fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-caking component (5) includes a light rod (51), which is movably connected inside the hopper (2). Multiple sets of fork-shaped plates (52) are connected to the light rod (51), and two square rods (53) are connected to the connecting frame (36). The square rods (53) are provided with wave grooves (54).

6. A side-deep fertilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple sets of fork-shaped plates (52) are located next to multiple discharge ports of the hopper (2), and the two ends of the light rod (51) pass through both sides of the hopper (2), and the two ends of the light rod (51) are slidably connected to two wave grooves (54).

7. A rice transplanter, characterized in that: The device includes a side-deep fertilization device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and further includes a frame (1), the hopper (2) is mounted on the frame (1), and the frame (1) is also provided with a drive assembly (6), a seedling tray (7) and an automatic transplanting assembly (8), the drive assembly (6) is used to drive the frame (1) to travel, the seedling tray (7) is used to place seedlings, and the automatic transplanting assembly (8) is used to automatically perform transplanting operations when the frame (1) is traveling.

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