A circuit breaker arc extinguishing high-voltage switch cabinet for intelligent monitoring of loads of a power grid and a protection method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power-off protection, in particular to a circuit breaking arc extinguishing high-voltage switch cabinet for intelligent monitoring of loads of a power grid and a protection method thereof, which comprises a cabinet body, a support arranged in the cabinet body, a supporting plate and a fixing plate and an adjustable resistor arranged on the support, an arc extinguishing resistor arranged on the supporting plate, a rotating rod rotatably arranged on the supporting plate, an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism arranged on the supporting plate and used for controlling rotation of the rotating rod and adjusting resistance of the adjustable resistor, a follow-up assembly arranged on the rotating rod, a lifting switching mechanism arranged on the follow-up assembly, a triggering power-off mechanism arranged on the fixing plate and used for executing a power-off action when a circuit exceeds a rated threshold, and the lifting switching mechanism and the follow-up assembly can automatically control the adjustable resistor or the arc extinguishing resistor to work according to current change in the circuit, so that the effects of suppressing current fluctuation and arc extinguishing protection of the circuit are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power outage protection technology, specifically to a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in power grids that includes circuit breaking and arc extinguishing, and its protection method. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage switchgear is a key piece of equipment in power systems used for the distribution, control, protection and monitoring of electrical energy. It is mainly used in substations, industrial and mining enterprises, power plants and other places, and undertakes the functions of connecting, disconnecting and protecting high-voltage circuits.

[0003] In power systems, load power failure protection is a key measure to ensure equipment safety and prevent the spread of faults. The interruption and arc extinguishing of load current is the core technology to ensure the safe disconnection of circuits. Especially when interrupting large currents or fault currents, the high temperature and energy of the arc may damage equipment or even cause accidents.

[0004] Therefore, during the circuit breaking process, gas arc extinguishing or arc extinguishing grids are usually used to extinguish the generated arc. However, during circuit operation, the current is easily affected by the start and stop of power equipment, resulting in dynamic fluctuations in the current. This may lead to frequent false trips, resulting in frequent circuit breaks and the generation of arcs.

[0005] To address this, current fluctuations can be suppressed by setting resistors. By using resistors in parallel to shunt the current, current fluctuations can be dynamically suppressed, thus avoiding the problem of false tripping. However, in order to avoid interference with the circuit, the resistance value is usually small. If a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit, the resistor will be subjected to high voltage impact. Moreover, during the circuit breaking process, since the resistor cannot extinguish the arc, it is easy for the resistor to burn out, which will lead to the failure of the protection effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in power grids, including arc extinguishing and circuit breaking, and its protection method, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing includes: The cabinet and the bracket installed inside the cabinet, the bracket being provided with a support plate, a fixing plate and an adjustable resistor, the support plate being provided with an arc-extinguishing resistor; Also includes: A rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the support plate, and an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism is provided on the support plate to control the rotation of the rotating rod and adjust the resistance value of the adjustable resistor; A follower component is mounted on the rotating rod. The follower component is equipped with a lifting and switching mechanism. The follower component can control the energization state of the adjustable resistor and the arc-extinguishing resistor through the lifting and switching mechanism. A power-off trigger mechanism is installed on the fixed plate to perform a power-off action when the circuit exceeds a rated threshold.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism includes a first guide groove formed on the outer circumference of the rotating rod, a sliding sleeve slidably on the rotating rod, a first limiting block slidably fitting into the guide groove on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and a first spring sleeved on the rotating rod, with the two ends of the first spring abutting against the sliding sleeve and the support plate respectively. It also includes a guide post disposed on the support plate, the guide post having a first guide plate fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve via an axial sliding surface, the first guide plate having a limit plate, and the support plate having an energizing component.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the energizing component includes an iron core disposed on the support plate, and a coil is wound on the iron core.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the follower component includes a second guide groove formed on the outer circumferential wall of the rotating rod, the rotating rod is axially slidably provided with a movable sleeve, and the inner wall of the movable sleeve is provided with a second limiting block that slidably engages with the second guide groove; It also includes a second guide plate that slides along the axial direction of the guide post and is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve. A connecting plate is provided on the guide post, and a second spring is sleeved on the rotating rod. The two ends of the second spring abut against the second guide plate and the support plate, respectively.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lifting and switching mechanism includes a first stationary contact disposed on the support plate, a first connecting rod electrically connected to the adjustable resistor is slidably mounted on the second guide plate, the first connecting rod is provided with a first moving contact and a first fixing ring, the first moving contact cooperates with the first stationary contact, the first fixing ring abuts against the second guide plate, and a third spring is sleeved on the first connecting rod, the two ends of the third spring abut against the first moving contact and the second guide plate respectively.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lifting and switching mechanism further includes a second stationary contact disposed on the connecting plate, a second connecting rod electrically connected to the arc extinguishing resistor is slidably mounted on the second guide plate, a second moving contact and a second fixing ring are disposed on the second connecting rod, the second moving contact cooperates with the second stationary contact, the second fixing ring abuts against the second guide plate, and a fourth spring is sleeved on the second connecting rod, the two ends of the fourth spring abut against the second moving contact and the second guide plate respectively.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the trigger power-off mechanism includes a support column disposed on the fixed plate, a support sleeve slidably disposed on the support column, a fifth spring sleeved on the support column, the two ends of the fifth spring respectively abutting against the support sleeve and the fixed plate, and a movable plate disposed on the side wall of the support sleeve; It also includes a switching component and a guiding component disposed on the movable plate and connected to the sliding sleeve for controlling the circuit switching state.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the connection component includes a partition plate disposed on the movable plate, a movable rod slidably mounted on the partition plate, a limit ring and a second contact piece disposed on the movable rod, the limit ring abutting against the partition plate, a first contact piece electrically connected to the second contact piece disposed on the support plate, and a sixth spring sleeved on the movable rod, the two ends of the sixth spring abutting against the partition plate and the second contact piece respectively.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the guiding component includes a guiding groove formed on the movable plate, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a limiting post that slides and engages with the guiding groove.

[0016] A protection method for a high-voltage switchgear with intelligent load monitoring in a power grid, comprising the following steps: Step 1: When the current in the circuit is in a normal state, the adjustable resistor and the arc-extinguishing resistor are both kept in the open state by controlling the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism; Step 2: When the current in the circuit is fluctuating and less than the rated threshold, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism controls the rotating rod to rotate, thereby controlling the adjustable resistor to work through the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism, thus suppressing the current fluctuation. Step 3: When the current in the circuit exceeds the rated threshold, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism controls the rotating rod to continue rotating, causing the adjustable resistor to disconnect and controlling the arc-extinguishing resistor to work; Step 4: At the same time, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism will also drive the power-off mechanism to work and perform a rapid power-off action.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This application can automatically adjust the working state of the adjustable resistor and the arc-extinguishing resistor according to the current change in the circuit to suppress current fluctuations and perform arc extinguishing treatment when the power is off. Specifically, under the action of the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism, the rotating rod can be controlled to rotate according to the current change in the circuit, so as to control the operation of the adjustable resistor or the arc-extinguishing resistor through the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism. Under the action of the adjustable resistor, current fluctuations can be suppressed to prevent the problem of false tripping due to current fluctuations. Under the action of the arc-extinguishing resistor, when the power-off mechanism is triggered to perform the power-off action, it can absorb the instantaneous energy generated by the power-off to extinguish the arc.

[0018] By adjusting the operating states of the adjustable resistor and the arc-extinguishing resistor, the circuit can be effectively protected. During this process, the current shunting and arc-extinguishing functions are completely decoupled and do not interfere with each other. The resistor value is automatically selected according to the optimal operating conditions to cope with different circuit conditions.

[0019] By monitoring the current state in the circuit, the fifth spring can be controlled to store energy when the circuit is abnormal. When the circuit needs to be disconnected, the release of the elastic potential energy of the fifth spring controls the second contact piece to quickly separate from the first contact piece, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid power-off and reducing the generation of electric arc during power-off. After power-off, the position of the sliding sleeve can be locked by the cooperation of the limit post and the horizontal groove to prevent the circuit from being closed again due to misoperation, which could lead to circuit damage. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid, which is used for circuit breaking and arc extinguishing.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of a portion of the magnetic adsorption mechanism, the follow-up component, the lifting and switching mechanism, and the triggering power-off mechanism in one embodiment of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another structural diagram from a different angle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid, including a follow-up component, a partial lifting and switching mechanism, and a partial triggering power-off mechanism.

[0025] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial magnetic adsorption mechanism, a follow-up component, and a partial lifting and switching mechanism in one embodiment of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the rotating rod, part of the magnetic adsorption mechanism, and the follower component in one embodiment of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and switching mechanism in one embodiment of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the partial triggering power-off mechanism in one embodiment of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0031] Figure 12 This is an exploded structural diagram of a portion of the triggering power-off mechanism in one embodiment of a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet; 2. Bracket; 3. Support plate; 4. Iron core; 5. Coil; 6. Rotating rod; 601. First spiral groove; 602. Second spiral groove; 603. Straight groove; 604. Third spiral groove; 7. Guide post; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Sliding sleeve; 901. First limiting block; 10. First guide plate; 11. Limiting plate; 12. Limiting post; 13. First spring; 14. Movable sleeve; 1401. Second limiting block; 15. Second guide plate; 16. Second spring; 17. First connecting rod; 18. Third spring; 19. 20. First moving contact; 20. Adjustable resistor; 2001. Stop block; 21. First stationary contact; 22. Second connecting rod; 23. Fourth spring; 24. Second moving contact; 25. Arc extinguishing resistor; 26. Second stationary contact; 27. First contact piece; 28. Fixed plate; 29. ​​Support column; 30. Support sleeve; 31. Fifth spring; 32. Movable plate; 3201. Vertical slot; 3202. Inclined slot; 3203. Horizontal slot; 3204. Partition plate; 33. Movable rod; 3301. Limiting ring; 34. Sixth spring; 35. Second contact piece. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0035] Please see Figures 1-12 In this embodiment of the invention, a high-voltage switchgear for intelligent monitoring of loads in a power grid, comprising: Cabinet 1, and bracket 2 installed inside cabinet 1, bracket 2 is provided with support plate 3, fixing plate 28 and adjustable resistor 20, and support plate 3 is provided with arc extinguishing resistor 25. Also includes: The rotating rod 6 is rotatably mounted on the support plate 3. The support plate 3 is provided with an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism to control the rotation of the rotating rod 6 and adjust the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 20. A follower component is mounted on the rotating rod 6. The follower component is equipped with a lifting and switching mechanism. The follower component can control the energization state of the adjustable resistor 20 and the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 through the lifting and switching mechanism. A power-off trigger mechanism is provided on the fixed plate 28 to perform a power-off action when the circuit exceeds the rated threshold.

[0036] Specifically, during normal circuit operation, to avoid frequent tripping caused by current fluctuations, an adjustable resistor 20 can be introduced to suppress current fluctuations. When the circuit current flows normally, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism is small, and the rotating rod 6 will not rotate. When current fluctuations occur in the circuit, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism drives the rotating rod 6 to rotate, thereby controlling the adjustable resistor 20 through the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism. Simultaneously, the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 20 can be dynamically adjusted according to the current fluctuation range to suppress current fluctuations in real time. If a short circuit or severe overload occurs in the circuit, power-off processing is required. At this time, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism continues to control the rotating rod 6 to rotate, and controls the adjustable resistor 20 to disconnect through the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism, and controls the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 to operate. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism also drives the trigger power-off mechanism to operate, and performs a rapid power-off action when the circuit exceeds the rated threshold. During the operation of the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 and the rapid power-off, the generation of an electric arc can be suppressed, thereby protecting the entire circuit.

[0037] Please see Figures 1-9 The electromagnetic adsorption mechanism includes a first guide groove formed on the outer circumference of the rotating rod 6, a sliding sleeve 9 slidably attached to the rotating rod 6, a first limiting block 901 slidably fitted into the guide groove on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 9, a first spring 13 sleeved on the rotating rod 6, the two ends of the first spring 13 abutting against the sliding sleeve 9 and the support plate 3 respectively; it also includes a guide post 7 disposed on the support plate 3, a first guide plate 10 fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 9 slidably attached to the guide post 7 slidably, a limiting plate 11 disposed on the first guide plate 10, and an energizing assembly disposed on the support plate 3, the energizing assembly including an iron core 4 disposed on the support plate 3, a coil 5 wound on the iron core 4.

[0038] In detail, the sliding sleeve 9 is made of iron and can be magnetically attracted. The adjustable resistor 20 is equipped with a stop block 2001 for adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 20. The first guide groove can be divided into two sections, namely a straight groove 603 and a third spiral groove 604. The end of the straight groove 603 and the end of the third spiral groove 604 are connected. In the initial state, the limiting plate 11 and the stop block 2001 are separated. The first limiting block 901 is located at the end of the stroke of the straight groove 603 on the side away from the third spiral groove 604, so that the distance between the sliding sleeve 9 and the iron core 4 is maximized. The natural elongation of the first spring 13 is greater than this distance. Therefore, the first spring 13 is in a pre-compressed state and always provides a force to the sliding sleeve 9 to move away from the iron core 4.

[0039] When the cabinet 1 is energized and the entire circuit is operating normally, the magnetic force generated by the coil 5 and the iron core 4 is small, and the attraction force provided by this magnetic force to the sliding sleeve 9 cannot overcome the thrust provided by the first spring 13 to the sliding sleeve 9. Therefore, the sliding sleeve 9 will not move. When the current in the circuit increases and the current fluctuation is small, the magnetic force generated by the coil 5 and the iron core 4 will increase and overcome the thrust of the first spring 13, thereby controlling the sliding sleeve 9 to move along the length direction of the rotating rod 6, so that the first guide plate 10 moves along the length direction of the guide post 7. Under the action of the guide post 7, the sliding sleeve 9 can only slide along the axial direction of the rotating rod 6 and will not rotate. Therefore, the sliding sleeve 9 will drive the first limiting block 901 to slide along the straight groove 603. Under the action of the first limiting block 901 and the straight groove 603, the rotating rod 6 remains fixed. If a large current fluctuation occurs in the circuit due to the starting and stopping of electrical equipment, the magnetic force generated by coil 5 and iron core 4 continues to increase, causing sliding sleeve 9 to continue moving. This controls the first limit block 901 to disengage from the straight groove 603 and enter the third spiral groove 604, thereby driving the rotating rod 6 to rotate. Under the action of the rotating rod 6, the adjustable resistor 20 is connected through the follow-up component and lifting switching mechanism and is in parallel with the circuit. Under the action of the adjustable resistor 20, the circuit is shunted to suppress current fluctuations. If the current fluctuation range increases, the stroke of sliding sleeve 9 continues to increase, thereby controlling the movement of stop block 2001 through limit plate 11, which increases the resistance value of adjustable resistor 20. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the resistance value of adjustable resistor 20 according to the current fluctuation in the circuit, which can both suppress current fluctuations and prevent frequent false tripping caused by current fluctuations.

[0040] Please see Figures 3-7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 The follower assembly includes a second guide groove formed on the outer circumference of the rotating rod 6, a movable sleeve 14 that slides axially on the rotating rod 6, and a second limiting block 1401 that slides and engages with the second guide groove on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 14; it also includes a second guide plate 15 that slides axially along the guide post 7 and is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve 14, a connecting plate 8 that is provided on the guide post 7, and a second spring 16 that is sleeved on the rotating rod 6, with the two ends of the second spring 16 abutting against the second guide plate 15 and the support plate 3, respectively.

[0041] Please see Figures 3-7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10The lifting and switching mechanism includes a first stationary contact 21 disposed on the support plate 3, a first connecting rod 17 electrically connected to the adjustable resistor 20 slidably mounted on the second guide plate 15, a first moving contact 19 and a first fixing ring disposed on the first connecting rod 17, the first moving contact 19 cooperating with the first stationary contact 21, the first fixing ring abutting against the second guide plate 15, and a third spring 18 sleeved on the first connecting rod 17, the two ends of the third spring 18 abutting against the first moving contact 19 and the second guide plate 15 respectively. The lifting and switching mechanism further includes a second stationary contact 26 disposed on the connecting plate 8. A second connecting rod 22 electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 is slidably mounted on the second guide plate 15. A second moving contact 24 and a second fixing ring are disposed on the second connecting rod 22. The second moving contact 24 cooperates with the second stationary contact 26. The second fixing ring abuts against the second guide plate 15. A fourth spring 23 is sleeved on the second connecting rod 22. The two ends of the fourth spring 23 abut against the second moving contact 24 and the second guide plate 15, respectively.

[0042] It should be noted that before the first moving contact 19 and the second moving contact 24 contact the first stationary contact 21 and the second stationary contact 26, the natural elongation of the third spring 18 and the fourth spring 23 is greater than the distance between the first moving contact 19 and the second moving contact 24 and the second guide plate 15. Therefore, the third spring 18 and the fourth spring 23 are in a pre-compressed state and always provide the first moving contact 19 and the second moving contact 24 with a force that moves away from the second guide plate 15, so that the first fixed ring and the second fixed ring are both in abutting state with the second guide plate 15. The second spring 16 is also in a pre-compressed state, and the natural elongation of the second spring 16 is greater than the maximum distance between the second guide plate 15 and the adjacent support plate 3. Therefore, under the action of the second spring 16, the second guide plate 15 is controlled to have a tendency to move towards the connecting plate 8.

[0043] The second guide groove can be divided into two sections, namely a first spiral groove 601 and a second spiral groove 602. The pitch of the first spiral groove 601 is smaller than the pitch of the second spiral groove 602, and the length of the first spiral groove 601 in the axial direction of the rotating rod 6 is smaller than the length of the second spiral groove 602 in the axial direction of the rotating rod 6. The angle formed by the first spiral groove 601 in the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 6 is greater than the angle formed by the second spiral groove 602 in the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 6. In the initial state, under the action of the second spring 16, the second limiting block 1401 is located at the end of the stroke of the first spiral groove 601 on the side away from the second spiral groove 602, and this port is on the same axis as the port of the straight groove 603. At this time, the distance between the second guide plate 15 and the first stationary contact 21 and the second stationary contact 26 is equal. When the current fluctuation in the circuit is large, the sliding sleeve 9 will control the first limiting block 901 to enter the third spiral groove 604, causing the rotating rod 6 to rotate, thereby driving the first spiral groove 601 and the second spiral groove 602 to move. At this time, the second limiting block 1401 is relative to... The rotating rod 6 will slide along the first spiral groove 601, thereby driving the second guide plate 15 to move away from the connecting plate 8 through the movable sleeve 14. The second guide plate 15 will drive the first connecting rod 17 and the second connecting rod 22 to move synchronously, thereby driving the first moving contact 19 to move closer to the first stationary contact 21, and driving the second moving contact 24 to move away from the second stationary contact 26. When the rotating rod 6 rotates slightly, the first moving contact 19 will move to the position connected with the first stationary contact 21, so that the adjustable resistor 20 works, thereby suppressing the current fluctuation in the circuit. If the current fluctuation value in the circuit increases, the rotating rod 6 will continue to rotate, causing the second limiting block 1401 to continue sliding along the first spiral groove 601, so that the distance between the second guide plate 15 and the connecting plate 8 gradually increases. At this time, the second spring 16 and the third spring 18 will be compressed, and the first moving contact 19 and the first stationary contact 21 will always remain in the connected state, so as to keep the adjustable resistor 20 in the working state. If the current in the circuit continues to increase, it indicates that a short circuit may have occurred or the load may have exceeded the rated threshold. In this case, the first limiting block 901 continues to slide along the third spiral groove 604, causing the rotating rod 6 to continue rotating. Meanwhile, the second limiting block 1401 will pass the connection position between the first spiral groove 601 and the second spiral groove 602 and enter the second spiral groove 602, causing the second spring 16 and the third spring 18 to release elastically, thereby driving the second guide plate 15 to move towards the connecting plate 8. The second guide plate 15 will also drive the first connecting rod 17 and the second connecting rod 22. The movement causes the first moving contact 19 to separate from the first stationary contact 21, and the adjustable resistor 20 to disconnect. At the same time, the second moving contact 24 moves to the position where it is connected to the second stationary contact 26, causing the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 to work. The arc-extinguishing resistor 25 is also connected in parallel with the circuit. When the first limiting block 901 moves to the end of the stroke of the third spiral groove 604 away from the straight groove 603, the second limiting block 1401 also moves to the end of the stroke of the second spiral groove 602 away from the first spiral groove 601. At this time, a power-off process is required. Under the action of the triggering power-off mechanism, the circuit is disconnected.

[0044] Preferably, the resistance value of the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 is the rated value, which is much greater than the resistance value of the adjustable resistor 20. Therefore, by adjusting the working state of the adjustable resistor 20 and the arc-extinguishing resistor 25, the current fluctuation can be suppressed when the current in the circuit fluctuates, so as to prevent false tripping caused by the current fluctuation. When a short circuit occurs in the circuit or the load exceeds the maximum rated threshold, the circuit switches to the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 to absorb the transient energy generated when the circuit is disconnected, so as to achieve the effect of arc extinguishing and thus protect the entire circuit. In this process, the current shunting and arc extinguishing functions are completely decoupled and do not interfere with each other, and the resistance value is automatically selected according to the optimal operating condition to deal with different circuit conditions.

[0045] Please see Figures 3-5 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 The triggering power-off mechanism includes a support column 29 mounted on the fixed plate 28, a support sleeve 30 slidably mounted on the support column 29, a fifth spring 31 mounted on the support column 29, and the two ends of the fifth spring 31 abutting against the support sleeve 30 and the fixed plate 28 respectively. A movable plate 32 is provided on the side wall of the support sleeve 30. The mechanism also includes a connecting component and a guiding component mounted on the movable plate 32 and connected to the sliding sleeve 9, for controlling the circuit connection state. The connecting component includes a partition plate 3204 mounted on the movable plate 32. A movable rod 33 is slidably mounted on the 4th plate. A limit ring 3301 and a second electrical contact piece 35 are provided on the movable rod 33. The limit ring 3301 abuts against the partition plate 3204. A first electrical contact piece 27 electrically connected to the second electrical contact piece 35 is provided on the support plate 3. A sixth spring 34 is sleeved on the movable rod 33. The two ends of the sixth spring 34 abut against the partition plate 3204 and the second electrical contact piece 35, respectively. The guide assembly includes a guide groove formed on the movable plate 32. A limit post 12 that slides and engages with the guide groove is provided on the sliding sleeve 9.

[0046] Furthermore, a keyway is formed on the inner wall of the support sleeve 30, and a key that mates with the keyway is provided on the support column 29. Under the action of the key and the keyway, it is ensured that the support sleeve 30 can only slide along the axial direction of the support column 29. The guide groove can be divided into three sections: a vertical groove 3201, an inclined groove 3202, and a horizontal groove 3203. The ends of the vertical groove 3201, the inclined groove 3202, and the horizontal groove 3203 are connected to each other in sequence. In the initial state, under the action of the first spring 13, the sliding sleeve 9 is located at the end of its stroke away from the iron core 4. The limiting post 12 is located at the end of the stroke of the vertical groove 3201 away from the inclined groove 3202. Under the action of the limiting post 12 and the vertical groove 3201, the position of the movable plate 32 is locked, thereby ensuring that the position of the support sleeve 30 on the support post 29 will not be shifted. At this time, the distance between the adjacent fixed plates 28 of the support sleeve 30 is less than the natural elongation of the fifth spring 31. The fifth spring 31 is in a pre-compressed state and always provides a force to the support sleeve 30 to move away from the fixed plate 28. Under the action of the movable plate 32, the gap between the partition plate 3204 and the first contact piece 27 is small, and the gap is less than the natural extension of the sixth spring 34. Therefore, the sixth spring 34 will control the second contact piece 35 to abut against the first contact piece 27, so that the circuit is in the connected state. When the current in the circuit is at a normal value or fluctuates little, the magnetic force generated is small. Under the action of the magnetic force, the sliding sleeve 9 moves a small distance, causing the first limiting block 901 to slide in the straight groove 603. Therefore, the sliding sleeve 9 will drive the limiting post 12 to slide in the vertical groove 3201, so that the position of the movable plate 32 will not change. If the current in the circuit fluctuates greatly, the first limiting block 901 will enter the third spiral groove 604. At the same time, the sliding sleeve 9 will drive the limiting post 12 to enter the inclined groove 3202, so that the movable plate 32 moves toward the adjacent fixed plate 28, so as to compress the fifth spring 31 through the support sleeve 30. If the circuit is short-circuited or the load exceeds the rated threshold, the sliding sleeve 9 will move rapidly, causing the first limiting block 901 to move to the end of the stroke of the third spiral groove 604. During this process, under the action of the second limiting block 1401 and the second guide groove, the adjustable resistor 20 is disconnected and the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 is activated. At the same time, the limiting post 12 will move to the connection position of the inclined groove 3202 and the horizontal groove 3203. The energy storage compression of the fifth spring 31 reaches its maximum, and the elasticity of the fifth spring 31 is released rapidly, causing the support sleeve 30 to move rapidly away from the fixed plate 28. This causes the partition 3204 to move through the movable plate 32, so that the second contact piece 35 can be quickly separated from the first contact piece 27 through the movable rod 33 and the limiting ring 3301. Under the action of the limiting post 12 and the horizontal groove 3203, the reset of the sliding sleeve 9 can be restricted, so as to ensure that the circuit is always in the disconnected state before the circuit is repaired.

[0047] An automatic switch can also be installed on the arc-extinguishing resistor 25. When the first contact piece 27 and the second contact piece 35 are separated, the switch can release a trip signal and control the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 to automatically disconnect, thereby preventing the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 from being energized for a long time.

[0048] Preferably, by monitoring the current state in the circuit, the fifth spring 31 can be controlled to perform energy storage when the circuit is abnormal. When the circuit needs to be disconnected, the release of the elastic potential energy of the fifth spring 31 controls the second contact piece 35 to quickly separate from the first contact piece 27, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid power disconnection and reducing the generation of electric arc during power disconnection. After power disconnection, the position of the sliding sleeve 9 can be locked by the cooperation of the limit post 12 and the transverse groove 3203 to prevent the circuit from being closed again due to misoperation, which could lead to circuit damage.

[0049] A protection method for a high-voltage switchgear with intelligent load monitoring in a power grid, comprising the following steps: Step 1: When the current in the circuit is in a normal state, the adjustable resistor 20 and the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 are both in the open state by controlling the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism. Step 2: When the current in the circuit is fluctuating and less than the rated threshold, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism controls the rotating rod 6 to rotate, thereby controlling the adjustable resistor 20 to work through the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism, thereby suppressing the current fluctuation. Step 3: When the current in the circuit exceeds the rated threshold, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism controls the rotating rod 6 to continue rotating, causing the adjustable resistor 20 to disconnect and controlling the arc-extinguishing resistor 25 to work. Step 4: At the same time, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism will also drive the power-off mechanism to work and perform a rapid power-off action.

[0050] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0051] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing, comprising: The cabinet and the bracket installed inside the cabinet, the bracket being provided with a support plate, a fixing plate and an adjustable resistor, the support plate being provided with an arc-extinguishing resistor; Its characteristic is that it further includes: A rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the support plate, and an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism is provided on the support plate to control the rotation of the rotating rod and adjust the resistance value of the adjustable resistor; A follower component is mounted on the rotating rod. The follower component is equipped with a lifting and switching mechanism. The follower component can control the energization state of the adjustable resistor and the arc-extinguishing resistor through the lifting and switching mechanism. A power-off trigger mechanism is installed on the fixed plate to perform a power-off action when the circuit exceeds a rated threshold. The lifting and switching mechanism includes a first stationary contact disposed on the support plate, a first connecting rod electrically connected to the adjustable resistor slidably mounted on the second guide plate, a first moving contact and a first fixing ring disposed on the first connecting rod, the first moving contact cooperating with the first stationary contact, the first fixing ring abutting against the second guide plate, and a third spring sleeved on the first connecting rod, the two ends of the third spring abutting against the first moving contact and the second guide plate respectively. The lifting and switching mechanism further includes a second stationary contact disposed on a connecting plate. A second connecting rod electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing resistor is slidably mounted on the second guide plate. A second moving contact and a second fixed ring are disposed on the second connecting rod. The second moving contact cooperates with the second stationary contact, and the second fixed ring abuts against the second guide plate. A fourth spring is sleeved on the second connecting rod, and the two ends of the fourth spring abut against the second moving contact and the second guide plate, respectively.

2. The high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic adsorption mechanism includes a first guide groove formed on the outer circumference of the rotating rod, a sliding sleeve that slides axially on the rotating rod, a first limiting block that slides into the guide groove on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and a first spring sleeved on the rotating rod, with the two ends of the first spring abutting against the sliding sleeve and the support plate respectively. It also includes a guide post disposed on the support plate, the guide post having a first guide plate fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve via an axial sliding surface, the first guide plate having a limit plate, and the support plate having an energizing component.

3. The high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The energizing component includes an iron core disposed on the support plate, and a coil is wound on the iron core.

4. The high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The follower component includes a second guide groove formed on the outer circumference of the rotating rod, and a movable sleeve is axially slidable on the rotating rod. The inner wall of the movable sleeve is provided with a second limiting block that slidably engages with the second guide groove. It also includes a second guide plate that slides along the axial direction of the guide post and is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve. A connecting plate is provided on the guide post, and a second spring is sleeved on the rotating rod. The two ends of the second spring abut against the second guide plate and the support plate, respectively.

5. A high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The triggering power-off mechanism includes a support column disposed on the fixed plate, a support sleeve that slides axially on the support column, a fifth spring sleeved on the support column, the two ends of the fifth spring respectively abutting against the support sleeve and the fixed plate, and a movable plate disposed on the side wall of the support sleeve; It also includes a switching component and a guiding component disposed on the movable plate and connected to the sliding sleeve for controlling the circuit switching state.

6. A high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The connection component includes a partition plate disposed on the movable plate, a movable rod slidably mounted on the partition plate, a limit ring and a second contact piece disposed on the movable rod, the limit ring abutting against the partition plate, a first contact piece electrically connected to the second contact piece disposed on the support plate, and a sixth spring sleeved on the movable rod, the two ends of the sixth spring abutting against the partition plate and the second contact piece respectively.

7. A high-voltage switchgear for intelligent power grid load monitoring with circuit breaking and arc extinguishing as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The guiding component includes a guiding groove formed on the movable plate, and a limiting post is provided on the sliding sleeve to slide and engage with the guiding groove.

8. A protection method for a high-voltage switchgear with intelligent power grid monitoring load that features circuit breaking and arc extinguishing, comprising the high-voltage switchgear with intelligent power grid monitoring load as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: When the current in the circuit is in a normal state, the adjustable resistor and the arc-extinguishing resistor are both kept in the open state by controlling the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism; Step 2: When the current in the circuit is fluctuating and less than the rated threshold, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism controls the rotating rod to rotate, thereby controlling the adjustable resistor to work through the follow-up component and the lifting switching mechanism, thus suppressing the current fluctuation. Step 3: When the current in the circuit exceeds the rated threshold, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism controls the rotating rod to continue rotating, causing the adjustable resistor to disconnect and controlling the arc-extinguishing resistor to work; Step 4: At the same time, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism will also drive the power-off mechanism to work and perform a rapid power-off action.

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