A medicine feeding system and method for cattle and sheep in plateau areas

Abstract

The application discloses a medicine feeding system and method for cattle and sheep in plateau areas, and relates to the field of cattle and sheep breeding.The system comprises a telescopic rod, the lower end of the telescopic rod is provided with a first salt brick layer, the upper end of the telescopic rod is connected with a fixing box, a plurality of arc-shaped connecting plates are arranged on the fixing box, and the arc-shaped connecting plates are located on the outer side of the telescopic rod.An adjusting assembly is arranged between the arc-shaped connecting plates and the telescopic rod, a cavity for placing medicine is arranged in the adjusting assembly, and an opening is arranged on the adjusting assembly.When the cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, the telescopic rod moves towards the direction of the fixing box under the action of the cattle and sheep, the opening on the adjusting member is opened, and the medicine in the adjusting member enters the mouth of the cattle and sheep through the opening.The system can automatically release the medicine into the mouth of the cattle and sheep in the process of the cattle and sheep licking the salt brick, can avoid the complicated operation of artificially fixing the cattle and sheep and then pouring the medicine, and can greatly improve the medicine feeding efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cattle and sheep breeding, and specifically to a medication system and method for cattle and sheep in plateau regions. Background Technology

[0002] Ticks and nematodes are common parasites in high-altitude environments. If cattle and sheep are not dewormed in time, they may become anemic, emaciated, or even die. Therefore, in high-altitude environments, it is necessary to regularly administer medication to cattle and sheep for deworming.

[0003] Furthermore, the air is thin in the high-altitude areas. Yaks and Tibetan sheep adapt to the low-oxygen environment through their own physiological mechanisms, such as enhancing the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin. However, in extreme cases, cattle and sheep may face chronic hypoxia. In hypoxic conditions, it is necessary to administer medication to cattle and sheep to support cell metabolism.

[0004] Secondly, high-altitude diets may lack certain nutrients, so it is necessary to supplement these nutrients through medications or additives. For example, supplementing with calcium gluconate and vitamin D can help prevent rickets caused by calcium deficiency.

[0005] Common existing methods of administering medication include oral administration and injection. Oral administration requires restraining the head of the animal, using a nose clamp to lift the nose, gently pressing the bottle opening against the corner of the mouth, and slowly pouring the medication into the middle of the tongue while the mouth is open. Injection administration also requires restraining the animal before administering a subcutaneous or intramuscular injection.

[0006] Existing medication administration procedures require multiple operators to administer medication at fixed times, which is not only cumbersome but also easily induces stress reactions in cattle and sheep in the low-oxygen environment of high altitude. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One objective of this invention is to provide a medication feeding system and method for cattle and sheep in high-altitude areas. The system automatically releases medication when the cattle or sheep lick the first salt brick layer on a telescopic rod, allowing medication to be administered directly during the licking process. This simplifies the operation and avoids stress reactions in the cattle and sheep.

[0008] This objective is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0009] A feeding system and method for cattle and sheep in plateau areas includes a telescopic rod, a first salt brick layer at the lower end of the telescopic rod, a fixed box connected to the upper end of the telescopic rod, a plurality of arc-shaped connecting plates on the fixed box, the plurality of arc-shaped connecting plates being located on the outside of the telescopic rod; an adjustment component is provided between the arc-shaped connecting plates and the telescopic rod, the adjustment component having a cavity for placing medicine, and an opening on the adjustment component.

[0010] In its initial state, the lower end of the telescopic rod is located outside the arc-shaped connecting plate. When cattle or sheep approach the telescopic rod, they can lick the first salt brick layer at the lower end of the rod. As the cattle or sheep lick the first salt brick layer, the pressure from the licking causes the telescopic rod to move towards the fixed box. During this movement, the telescopic rod acts on the adjusting component, causing the opening on the adjusting component to open, allowing the medicine inside the adjusting component to flow out from the opening.

[0011] When cattle and sheep do not lick the first salt brick layer, the lower end of the telescopic rod is not under pressure, and the telescopic rod returns to its original state, that is, the lower end of the telescopic rod is outside the arc-shaped connecting plate, the opening of the adjusting component is closed, and the medicine cannot flow out.

[0012] Therefore, this system allows the drugs to automatically flow into the mouths of cattle and sheep as they actively lick the first salt brick layer, eliminating the need for operators to hold the cattle and sheep still and administer the drugs, thus simplifying the operation.

[0013] Furthermore, the low partial pressure of oxygen, large temperature difference, and strong ultraviolet radiation in high-altitude areas, as well as the potential lack of trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and selenium in the soil / forage, can lead to oxygen deficiency, environmental stress, and mineral deficiency in cattle and sheep. This system utilizes the natural behavior of cattle and sheep actively licking food to achieve precise, efficient, and low-stress drug supplementation.

[0014] First, cattle and sheep in high-altitude areas have the ability to actively lick salt blocks. Administering medication through this method avoids the inefficiency and high cost associated with manual administration.

[0015] Furthermore, the plateau region is sparsely populated, and the management area of ​​the herders is large. Manual administration of medication is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The fixed boxes of this system are fixed on the pasture, and the cattle and sheep lick the medication on their own without human supervision, which greatly reduces the cost of feeding.

[0016] Meanwhile, cattle and sheep on the plateau are already under stress due to hypoxia or environmental changes. Artificial drug administration will further increase stress, leading to decreased immunity and reduced milk production.

[0017] In this system, the regulating component can have various structures. For example, a pressure sensor mounted on the telescopic rod can detect the pressure when cattle or sheep lick the food, or an infrared sensor can detect whether the cattle or sheep's tongue is in contact with the first salt brick layer. When pressure or contact occurs, drug release is triggered. Drug release can also be achieved through various structures, such as a miniature peristaltic pump or solenoid valve located at the opening. When a drug release signal is received, the miniature peristaltic pump or solenoid valve automatically injects the drug according to a preset dosage, and the drug flows into the cattle's or sheep's mouth.

[0018] Furthermore, given the scarcity of resources in high-altitude areas, and in order to further simplify costs, the inventors designed an adjustment component structure. Specifically, the adjustment component includes a first slider and a second slider. The opening is located on the first slider, and a cavity for placing medicine is provided inside the first slider. The opening communicates with the cavity inside the first slider. The first slider is connected to an arc-shaped connecting plate, and the second slider is connected to a telescopic rod.

[0019] When the cattle and sheep are not licking the first salt brick layer, that is, when the lower end of the telescopic rod is not under pressure, the first and second sliders overlap to form a rectangle, and the opening on the first slider is blocked by the second slider; therefore, the medicine in the first slider cannot flow out from the opening.

[0020] When cattle and sheep lick the first layer of salt bricks, the lower end of the telescopic rod is subjected to pressure. The telescopic rod drives the second slider to move towards the fixed box. During the movement, the second slider slides on the first slider, and the opening on the second slider separates from the opening on the first slider. Therefore, the opening on the first slider opens, and the medicine in the first slider enters the mouth of the cattle and sheep through the opening.

[0021] The tongues of yaks in high-altitude areas are typically 25-50 cm long and 5-8 cm wide. To ensure the medication can better enter the mouths of cattle and sheep, the diameter of the first salt brick layer in this system is 5-8 cm. When cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, the distance between the arc-shaped connecting plate and the telescopic rod is less than or equal to 3 cm.

[0022] With this setup, when cattle and sheep lick the first layer of salt bricks, the medicine flowing from the adjusting component between the arc-shaped connecting plate and the telescopic rod can better enter their mouths.

[0023] Furthermore, the fixed box is equipped with several second sliding grooves, each corresponding to a number of arc-shaped connecting plates. Each arc-shaped connecting plate has a slider that can slide within the second sliding groove. When the telescopic rod moves, the second slider on the telescopic rod acts on the first slider of the arc-shaped connecting plate. The force on the first slider causes the slider of the arc-shaped connecting plate to slide within the second sliding groove, increasing the distance between the telescopic rod and the arc-shaped connecting plate, allowing the medicine to flow out from the opening on the first slider.

[0024] Preferably, both the first and second sliders are trapezoidal. The trapezoidal shape of the first and second sliders allows for the storage of more drugs. Furthermore, the first slider is trapezoidal, with its lower end being the short side and its upper end being the long side. As the second slider moves upward, its width gradually increases from top to bottom, while the width of the first slider gradually decreases from top to bottom. Therefore, during the sliding process, the second slider causes the first slider and the arc-shaped connecting plate to move away from the axis of the telescopic rod, increasing the distance between the arc-shaped connecting plate and the telescopic rod.

[0025] With the lower end of the first slider at the bottom, the medicine can flow out of the opening better under the action of gravity and enter the mouths of cattle and sheep more effectively, further improving the efficiency of drug administration.

[0026] Furthermore, a first groove is provided on the surface where the first slider and the second slider contact each other, and a sliding block corresponding to the first groove is provided on the surface where the second slider and the first slider contact each other. The sliding block is located within the first groove and can slide along the first groove. The opening is located on the surface where the first slider and the second slider contact each other. Preferably, a rubber layer is provided on the second slider. When the first slider and the second slider are combined to form a rectangle, the rubber layer on the second slider acts on the opening of the first slider, blocking the opening and preventing the drug from flowing out. When the second slider slides on the first slider, the rubber layer does not act on the opening, and the opening opens.

[0027] Furthermore, the cattle and sheep did not lick the first salt brick layer. When the first and second sliders overlapped to form a rectangle, several arc-shaped connecting plates formed a circle, and two adjacent arc-shaped connecting plates were in contact with each other.

[0028] A second salt brick layer is provided at the lower end of several arc-shaped connecting plates. The width of the second salt brick layer is smaller than that of the first salt brick layer. When cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, they can lick the second salt brick layer at the same time. In this way, the medicine can enter the mouths of cattle and sheep more directly during the licking process.

[0029] Preferably, the first slider is provided with a connecting tube, one end of which communicates with the cavity inside the fixed box for placing the medicine, and the other end of which communicates with the cavity inside the first slider for placing the medicine. The fixed box can input more medicine into the first slider, and preferably, a guide tube can also be provided at the opening, with the outlet of the guide tube located on the side of the first salt brick layer, which is more conducive to injecting the medicine into the mouths of cattle and sheep.

[0030] Furthermore, a method for administering medication to cattle and sheep in high-altitude areas includes the following steps:

[0031] Several drug-collecting areas are set up on the grassland, and different types of drugs are placed in fixed boxes in each drug-collecting area;

[0032] The fixed box is secured to the drug delivery area using a telescopic rod, which is then tilted at a 10-60° angle, with the distance between the telescopic rod and the ground being 0.6-1.2m.

[0033] The entrance and exit of the medication receiving area are equipped with a first identification component and a third identification component, respectively. The first identification component is used to identify the identity information of the cattle and sheep and obtain the type of medicine that the cattle and sheep need to take. If it matches the type of medicine in the medication receiving area, the cattle and sheep are put in; otherwise, the entrance of the medication receiving area is closed. The third identification component is used to identify the identity information of the cattle and sheep and obtain the amount of medicine that the cattle and sheep need to take. If the amount of medicine taken is greater than or equal to a threshold, the exit of the medication receiving area is opened and the cattle and sheep leave the medication receiving area; otherwise, the exit of the medication receiving area is closed.

[0034] A second identification component is installed on the fixed box, and a metering component is installed on the adjusting component. After cattle and sheep enter the medication area, when the cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer and the telescopic rod moves towards the fixed box, the second identification component obtains the identity information of the cattle and sheep and obtains the preset amount of medication to be ingested based on the identity information of the cattle and sheep. The metering component obtains the amount of medication flowing out of the adjusting component. If the amount of medication flowing out of the adjusting component is greater than or equal to the amount of medication to be ingested by the cattle and sheep, the telescopic rod extends to prevent the cattle and sheep from licking the first salt brick layer.

[0035] In high-altitude areas, cattle and sheep require different medications, and the dosage varies for each species. This system uses a first identification component to place cattle and sheep needing the required medication into the corresponding medication area, where they receive the necessary medication. The system also uses a metering component to measure the amount of medication dispensing from the regulating component and compares this amount with the dosage the cattle / sheep are expected to consume, obtained from the second identification component. If the amount of medication dispensing from the regulating component is greater than or equal to the dosage the cattle / sheep are expected to consume, it indicates that the cattle / sheep have received the required medication. Therefore, the telescopic rod is adjusted to extend, preventing the cattle / sheep from licking the first salt brick layer.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0037] This invention discloses a medication feeding system and method for cattle and sheep in plateau regions. The system automatically releases medication into the mouths of cattle and sheep while they are licking salt blocks. Therefore, the automatic medication feeding during the salt-licking process not only avoids the complicated operation of manually restraining the cattle and sheep and then administering the medication, but also greatly improves the efficiency of medication feeding.

[0038] Furthermore, this system automatically administers medication while cattle and sheep lick salt bricks, which can reduce stress responses in cattle and sheep in high-altitude areas and further improve breeding efficiency.

[0039] Meanwhile, the first identification component of this system can obtain the type of medicine that cattle and sheep need and match it with the medicine administration area, placing the cattle and sheep into the medicine administration area that requires the medicine. Therefore, multiple different types of medicine can be injected into the pasture at the same time, and the medicine and cattle and sheep can be matched accordingly to avoid ingesting unnecessary medicine, thus further improving the efficiency of use. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the first salt brick layer at the lower end of the telescopic rod outside the arc-shaped connecting plate when the system is in its original state.

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a spring rod is installed at the upper end of a telescopic rod;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first salt brick layer of this system, which drives the telescopic rod to move upward when cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer.

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a rectangular structure formed by the overlapping of the first and second sliders;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the second slider slides on the first slider.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first slider;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second slider.

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second sliding groove and the arc-shaped connecting plate of the fixed box;

[0049] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the first slider drives the corresponding arc-shaped connecting plate to slide in the second groove;

[0050] Figure 10 In its original state, the diagram shows the structure in which the three second sliders of each slider assembly correspond one-to-one with the three first sliders of the corresponding arc-shaped connecting plate.

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the second slider acts on the first slider when the telescopic rod moves.

[0052] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0053] 1-Telescopic rod, 2-Arc-shaped connecting plate, 3-Fixed box, 4-Spring rod, 5-Second slider, 6-First slider, 7-Sliding block, 8-First slide groove, 9-Opening, 10-Second slide groove, 11-Second spring, 12-Drug outlet hole, 13-Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, a medicine feeding system for cattle and sheep in plateau areas includes a telescopic rod 1, with a first salt brick layer at the lower end of the telescopic rod 1, and a fixed box 3 connected to the upper end of the telescopic rod 1. The fixed box 3 is provided with several arc-shaped connecting plates 2, which are located on the outside of the telescopic rod 1.

[0058] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, a spring rod 4 is provided at the upper end of the telescopic rod 1, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 1 is connected to the fixed box 3 through the spring rod 4. An adjustment assembly is provided between the arc-shaped connecting plate 2 and the telescopic rod 1. The adjustment assembly has a cavity for placing medicine and an opening 9.

[0059] In its initial state, the first salt brick layer at the lower end of the telescopic rod 1 is located outside the arc-shaped connecting plate 2, that is, the first salt brick layer is located below the arc-shaped connecting plate 2. This facilitates cattle and sheep licking the first salt brick layer. At this time, the opening 9 on the adjusting component is closed, and the medicine cannot flow out from the opening. Figure 1 As shown.

[0060] When cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, their tongues act on the lower end of the telescopic rod 1, causing the first salt brick layer to move upwards due to the force exerted by the tongues. This causes the telescopic rod 1 to compress the spring rod 4, as if... Figure 3 As shown, during the upward movement of the telescopic rod, the opening on the adjusting component opens, and the medicine flows out of the opening and into the mouths of cattle and sheep. Preferably, when the spring rod 4 is compressed and the upper end of the telescopic rod contacts the fixed box, the lower end of the telescopic rod and the lower end of the arc-shaped connecting plate 2 are on the same plane.

[0061] In some embodiments, an electromagnetic valve is provided on the opening of the regulating component, and a pressure sensor is provided on the upper end of the telescopic rod. When cattle and sheep act on the first salt brick layer, the telescopic rod moves upward and the upper end of the telescopic rod contacts the fixed box 3. The pressure sensor at the upper end of the telescopic rod receives a pressure signal, and the pressure sensor adjusts the electromagnetic valve to open, so that the medicine flows into the mouth of the cattle and sheep from the opening of the regulating component.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, the adjustment component includes a first slider 6 and a second slider 5. The first slider 6 is connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate 2, and the second slider 5 is connected to the telescopic rod 1. The opening 9 is located on the first slider 6, and the first slider 6 has a cavity for placing medicine. The opening 9 communicates with the cavity in the first slider 6. When the cattle and sheep do not lick the first salt brick layer, the first slider 6 and the second slider 5 overlap to form a rectangle, and the opening 9 on the first slider 6 is blocked by the second slider 5.

[0064] When cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, the telescopic rod 1 drives the second slider 5 to move towards the fixed box 3. The second slider 5 slides on the first slider 6, and the opening 9 on the first slider 6 opens, allowing the medicine inside the first slider 6 to enter the mouths of the cattle and sheep through the opening 9.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first slider 6 and the second slider 5 are both rectangular. In the original state, that is, when the cattle and sheep are not licking the first salt brick layer, the first slider 6 and the second slider 5 overlap each other to form a rectangle.

[0066] In some embodiments, both the first slider 6 and the second slider 5 are trapezoidal, such as... Figure 4 As shown, in the initial state, the first slider 6 and the second slider 5 overlap to form a rectangle. When the second slider 5 slides on the first slider 6, as... Figure 5 As shown, the opening 9 on the first slider 6 is opened, and the medicine inside the first slider 6 enters the mouth of the cattle and sheep through the opening 9.

[0067] Among them, the first slider 6 is as follows Figure 6 As shown, the side of the first slider 6 is trapezoidal, the upper end of the first slider 6 is the long side, the lower end of the first slider 6 is the short side, and a first groove 8 is provided on the surface where the first slider 6 contacts the second slider 5. The opening 9 is located on the surface where the first slider 6 contacts the second slider 5.

[0068] The second slider 5 is as follows Figure 7 As shown, a sliding block 7 corresponding to the first sliding groove 8 is provided on the surface of the second slider 5 that contacts the first slider 6. The sliding block 7 is located in the first sliding groove 8 and can slide along the first sliding groove 8. The upper end of the second slider 5 is the short side and the lower end of the second slider 5 is the long side.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the fixed box 3 is provided with three second sliding grooves 10, which are arranged along the diameter direction of the telescopic rod 1. Each of the three second sliding grooves 10 corresponds to one of the three arc-shaped connecting plates 2. A slider is provided on each arc-shaped connecting plate 2, with one end of the slider connected to a second sliding groove 10, allowing the slider to slide within the second sliding groove 10. A second spring 11 connects the slider to the sliding groove. When cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, as... Figure 9 As shown, the telescopic rod 1 moves upward, the second slider 5 acts on the first slider 6, the first slider 6 drives the slider of the corresponding arc-shaped connecting plate to slide in the second slide groove 10, the spring is stretched, and the medicine flows out from the opening.

[0070] When the cattle and sheep are not licking the first salt brick layer, under the action of the spring and gravity, the second slider 5 slides on the first slider 6, causing the telescopic rod to move downwards and return to its original state, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, the three arc-shaped connecting plates 2 form a circle, and two adjacent arc-shaped connecting plates 2 are in contact with each other.

[0071] In some embodiments, a connecting pipe 13 is provided on the first slider 6. One end of the connecting pipe 13 is connected to the cavity inside the fixed box 3 for placing medicine, and the other end of the connecting pipe 13 is connected to the cavity inside the first slider 6 for placing medicine.

[0072] The fixed box 3 has a cavity for placing medicine. The lower end of the fixed box 3 has a medicine outlet 12. The upper end of the connecting pipe 13 is connected to the medicine outlet 12. The medicine in the fixed box 3 flows into the first slider 6 through the medicine outlet 12 and the connecting pipe 13.

[0073] In some embodiments, each arc-shaped connecting plate 2 is provided with three first sliders 6 from top to bottom, and the telescopic rod 1 is provided with three sets of slider assemblies. Each slider assembly includes three second sliders 5 arranged from top to bottom. The three second sliders 5 of each slider assembly correspond one-to-one with the three first sliders 6 of the corresponding arc-shaped connecting plate 2. In the original state, as shown... Figure 10 As shown, when the telescopic rod 3 moves, the second slider 5 acts on the first slider 6, as... Figure 11 As shown.

[0074] In each of the arc-shaped connecting plates 2, the three first sliders 6 arranged from top to bottom are the head first slider, the middle first slider, and the end first slider. The head first slider and the middle first slider have no openings, and the connecting tube 13 passes through the head first slider and the middle first slider and communicates with the cavity in the end first slider for placing medicine. The end first slider has an opening, and the medicine flows out from the opening.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] Based on the above embodiment, a second salt brick layer is provided at the lower end of several arc-shaped connecting plates 2. When cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, the distance between the arc-shaped connecting plate 2 and the telescopic rod 1 is less than or equal to 3 cm;

[0077] The diameter of the first salt brick layer is 5-8cm. Telescopic rod 1 is placed at an angle of 10-60°, with a distance of 0.6-1.2m between it and the ground. Telescopic rod 1 tilts the first and second salt brick layers at 10-60° to prevent difficulty in licking them.

[0078] In some embodiments, the center point of the first salt brick layer is 0.8-1.2 meters above the ground, and its height is about the same as the shoulder height of an adult yak. ​​When the yak stands naturally, it can lick the salt with its head slightly raised, avoiding discomfort caused by excessive head lowering or tilting.

[0079] In some embodiments, the center point of the first salt brick layer is 0.6-0.8 meters above the ground, making it easy for young yaks or sheep to lick it when their heads are slightly raised.

[0080] In some embodiments, a telescopic rod is connected to the fixed box 3, with the lower end of the telescopic rod in contact with the ground of the grassland. A second identification component is provided on the fixed box 3. This component is used to identify the identity information of cattle or sheep near the lower end of the telescopic rod. If the cattle or sheep are adult yaks or sheep, the center point of the first salt brick layer is adjusted to be 0.8-1.2 meters above the ground; if the cattle or sheep are young yaks or sheep, the center point of the first salt brick layer is adjusted to be 0.6-0.8 meters above the ground.

[0081] In some embodiments, the fixed box 3 is provided with a rain cover, which is inclined at 15°-30° to the horizontal plane to ensure that the first and second salt brick layers are not wetted by rainwater and will not block the cattle and sheep from licking.

[0082] The lower end of the telescopic pole is connected to a triangular cone support frame, and the bottom of the support leg is tapered to insert into the ground to prevent tipping.

[0083] The first layer of salt bricks is connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod by bolts. The first layer of salt bricks includes a framed box with a depth of 5-10 cm and rounded edges to prevent scratches. The salt blocks are placed in the framed box to prevent them from breaking when cattle and sheep lick them.

[0084] Several medicine-giving areas are set up on the pasture, and different types of medicines are placed in fixed boxes 3 in each medicine-giving area. The medicine-giving areas are set up in areas where cattle and sheep frequently move, such as drinking points and rest areas. The medicine-giving areas should be kept away from manure areas to keep the salt blocks in the first salt brick layer clean.

[0085] In the initial stage of use, a small amount of salt or feed powder can be sprinkled on the surface of the salt blocks in the first salt brick layer to attract cattle and sheep to lick it; and the licking traces should be checked regularly. If the salt blocks of a certain telescopic rod are consumed in large quantities, they should be replenished and adjusted in time.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] Based on the above embodiments, a method for administering medication to cattle and sheep in plateau regions is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0088] Several drug-collecting areas are set up on the grassland, and different types of drugs are placed in fixed boxes 3 in each drug-collecting area.

[0089] The entrance and exit of the medication receiving area are equipped with a first identification component and a third identification component, respectively. The first identification component is used to identify the identity information of the cattle and sheep and obtain the type of medicine that the cattle and sheep need to take. If it matches the type of medicine in the medication receiving area, the cattle and sheep are put in; otherwise, the entrance of the medication receiving area is closed. The third identification component is used to identify the identity information of the cattle and sheep and obtain the amount of medicine that the cattle and sheep need to take. If the amount of medicine taken is greater than or equal to a threshold, the exit of the medication receiving area is opened and the cattle and sheep leave the medication receiving area; otherwise, the exit of the medication receiving area is closed.

[0090] The fixed box 3 is equipped with a second identification component, and the adjustment component is equipped with a metering component. After the cattle and sheep enter the medicine feeding area, when the cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer and the telescopic rod 1 moves towards the direction close to the fixed box 3, the second identification component obtains the amount of medicine to be ingested by the cattle and sheep, and the metering component obtains the amount of medicine flowing out of the adjustment component. If the amount of medicine flowing out of the adjustment component is greater than or equal to the amount of medicine to be ingested by the cattle and sheep, the telescopic rod extends to prevent the cattle and sheep from licking the first salt brick layer.

[0091] In some embodiments, the system records the identification ID, dosage, drug type, salt intake, and timestamp for each animal. The data is wirelessly transmitted to the cloud, allowing operators to view the medication or salt intake of individual or group animals in real time via a webpage or app.

[0092] In some embodiments, each cow or sheep is fitted with a unique RFID ear tag with a built-in chip that stores identification information such as number, age, gender, type of medication to be administered, and dosage.

[0093] The second identification component includes an RFID reader, such as an UHF reader, mounted on the fixed box. This reader has a reading distance of 1-3 meters. When cattle or sheep approach the telescopic rod to lick the first salt layer, the ear tag ID is automatically read to identify the individual animal. Compared to using cameras for image recognition to obtain individual animal identification information, the RFID system used in this system is less affected by light and angle, making it more suitable for high-altitude, high-light / low-temperature environments. The second identification component also includes pressure sensors and infrared sensors.

[0094] In some embodiments, the metering components include a weight sensor, a miniature peristaltic pump, and a solenoid valve. A weight sensor, such as a strain gauge load cell, is disposed on the first salt block layer to monitor changes in the weight of the salt blocks in real time and calculate the amount of salt consumed by cattle and sheep, where the weight reduction equals the amount of salt consumed.

[0095] In some embodiments, the second identification component also includes a pressure sensor, which is located at the upper end of the telescopic rod. When the tongue of a cow or sheep acts on the first salt block layer and moves the telescopic rod upward, the pressure sensor at the upper end of the telescopic rod acts on the fixed box. The pressure sensor receives a pressure signal, and when there is pressure, it triggers the release of the drug.

[0096] In some embodiments, the second identification component further includes an infrared sensor mounted on the telescopic rod. The infrared sensor detects whether the tongue of the cattle or sheep is in contact with the first salt brick layer. When there is contact, the drug is released.

[0097] In some embodiments, a miniature peristaltic pump or solenoid valve is provided on the opening to release 0.5 ml of drug into the oral cavity of cattle or sheep according to a preset dose, such as every 10 seconds of licking. Preferably, a flexible tube is connected to the opening, and the outlet end of the flexible tube is located on the side of the first salt block layer, so that the drug is directly injected into the mouth of cattle or sheep through the flexible tube.

[0098] In some embodiments, a medicine storage container is installed inside the cavity of the fixed box 3. The medicine storage container is used to store medicines, such as deworming drugs and vitamins. The medicine storage container is equipped with an RFID tag for recording the type, expiration date, and dosage of the medicine. A weight sensor is installed inside the medicine storage container to detect the amount of medicine weight reduction in the container, and the amount of medicine consumed by the cattle and sheep is determined by the amount of medicine weight reduction.

[0099] The system transmits information such as the identification of cattle and sheep via RFID, salt intake data from weight sensors, medication dosage data from peristaltic pumps or valves or weight sensors, and medication type information from the storage device to the terminal device. Due to limited network coverage in high-altitude areas, low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) are prioritized, such as LoRa, which has a transmission distance of 5-10 kilometers and is suitable for dispersed pastoral scenarios, or NB-IoT if mobile network coverage is available. Data is transmitted to a cloud server via a LoRa gateway for storage and processing. The system is powered by solar panels and lithium batteries.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first identification component includes an RFID reader and a camera installed at the entrance of the medicine delivery area, which simultaneously identify the identity information of cattle and sheep.

[0101] In some embodiments, the third identification component includes an RFID reader and a camera installed at the exit of the medicine delivery area, which simultaneously identify the identity information of cattle and sheep.

[0102] The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in this document are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to restrict any order or emphasize importance. Furthermore, the term "connection" used in this document, unless otherwise specified, can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via other components.

[0103] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medication feeding system for cattle and sheep in plateau regions, characterized in that, The device includes a telescopic rod (1), with a first salt brick layer at the lower end of the telescopic rod (1) and a fixed box (3) connected to the upper end of the telescopic rod (1). Several arc-shaped connecting plates (2) are installed on the fixed box (3), located outside the telescopic rod (1). An adjustment assembly is installed between the arc-shaped connecting plates (2) and the telescopic rod (1). The adjustment assembly contains a cavity for placing medicine, and an opening (9) is provided on the adjustment assembly. When cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, the telescopic rod (1) moves towards the fixed box (3) under the action of the cattle and sheep, causing the opening (9) on the adjustment assembly to open, allowing the medicine in the adjustment assembly to enter the mouths of the cattle and sheep through the opening (9). The section assembly includes a first slider (6) and a second slider (5). The opening (9) is located on the first slider (6). The first slider (6) has a cavity for placing medicine. The opening (9) communicates with the cavity in the first slider (6). The first slider (6) is connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate (2), and the second slider (5) is connected to the telescopic rod (1). When the cattle and sheep are not licking the first salt brick layer, the first slider (6) and the second slider (5) overlap to form a rectangle. The opening (9) on the first slider (6) is blocked by the second slider (5). When the cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer, the telescopic rod (1) drives the second slider (5) to move towards the direction close to the fixed box (3). The slider (5) slides on the first slider (6), and the opening (9) on the first slider (6) opens, allowing the medicine inside the first slider (6) to enter the mouths of cattle and sheep through the opening (9); the fixed box (3) is provided with several second slide grooves (10), each of which corresponds to a number of arc-shaped connecting plates (2). The arc-shaped connecting plates (2) are provided with sliders, which can slide within the second slide grooves (10); both the first slider (6) and the second slider (5) are trapezoidal. The surface of the first slider (6) in contact with the second slider (5) is provided with a first slide groove (8), and the surface of the second slider (5) in contact with the first slider (6) is provided with a corresponding first slide groove (8). Sliding block (7), the sliding block (7) is located in the first slide groove (8), and the sliding block (7) can slide along the first slide groove (8). The opening (9) is located on the surface where the first slider (6) and the second slider (5) are in contact. When the cattle and sheep do not lick the first salt brick layer, the first slider (6) and the second slider (5) overlap to form a rectangle. Several arc-shaped connecting plates (2) form a circle, and two adjacent arc-shaped connecting plates (2) are in contact with each other. A connecting pipe (13) is provided on the first slider (6). One end of the connecting pipe (13) is connected to the cavity in the fixed box (3) for placing medicine, and the other end of the connecting pipe (13) is connected to the cavity in the first slider (6) for placing medicine.

2. A medication feeding system for cattle and sheep in plateau areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second layer of salt bricks is provided at the lower end of several arc-shaped connecting plates (2).

3. A medication feeding system for cattle and sheep in plateau areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first salt brick layer is 5-8 cm.

4. A medication feeding system for cattle and sheep in plateau areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, When cattle and sheep lick the first layer of salt bricks, the distance between the arc-shaped connecting plate (2) and the telescopic rod (1) is less than or equal to 3cm.

5. A method for administering medication to cattle and sheep in plateau regions, characterized in that, The feeding system includes any one of claims 1-4, and the feeding method includes the following steps: several feeding areas are set up on the pasture, and different types of drugs are placed in the fixed box (3) in each feeding area; the fixed box (3) is fixed to the feeding area by means of a telescopic rod (1), and the telescopic rod (1) is placed at an angle of 10-60°, with the distance between the telescopic rod (1) and the ground being 0.6-1.2m; the entrance and exit of the feeding area are respectively provided with a first identification component and a third identification component, the first identification component is used to identify the identity information of cattle and sheep, and to obtain the type of drug that the cattle and sheep need to take, if it matches the type of drug in the feeding area, then the cattle and sheep are put into the feeding area, otherwise, the entrance of the feeding area is closed; the third The identification component is used to identify the identity information of cattle and sheep and obtain the amount of medicine to be taken by the cattle and sheep. If the amount of medicine is greater than or equal to the threshold, the exit of the medicine area is opened and the cattle and sheep leave the medicine area. Otherwise, the exit of the medicine area is closed. A second identification component is provided on the fixed box (3) and a metering component is provided on the regulating component. After the cattle and sheep enter the medicine area, when the cattle and sheep lick the first salt brick layer and the telescopic rod (1) moves towards the direction close to the fixed box (3), the second identification component obtains the amount of medicine to be taken by the cattle and sheep and the metering component obtains the amount of medicine flowing out of the regulating component. If the amount of medicine flowing out of the regulating component is greater than or equal to the amount of medicine to be taken by the cattle and sheep, the telescopic rod (1) extends so that the cattle and sheep cannot lick the first salt brick layer.

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