Vertical multi-stage air separator

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of vertical multi-stage air separator, effectively solve the low efficiency of multi-stage air selection, level is uncontrollable;Its solution technical scheme is including, including outer cylinder, outer cylinder middle part has broken wind cylinder, the diameter of broken wind cylinder is greater than outer cylinder, broken wind cylinder outer wall is netted;Four annular material receiving plates are fixed on the inner wall of broken wind cylinder from top to bottom, and broken wind cylinder has four discharge ports corresponding to four material receiving plates respectively;The inner side of the lowermost material receiving plate is fixed with annular receiving plate of inside high outside low;Each material receiving plate has scraper. Air outlet assembly, including inner cylinder, fan is in the bottom of inner cylinder, three wind baffles are fixed on the inner side of inner cylinder from top to bottom, and air outlet is arranged in the lower side of each layer of wind baffle on the side wall of inner cylinder;The middle of middle wind baffle and lower wind baffle has a vertical downward square cylinder;Two angle-adjustable air doors are hinged in the bottom of each square cylinder;The present application realizes single-fan controllable level multi-stage screening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air separation, and in particular to a vertical multi-stage air separator. Background Technology

[0002] Air separators are mainly used for dust removal and grading, and have a wide range of applications, such as grain and agricultural product processing, tea processing, industrial waste and garbage treatment, traditional Chinese medicine processing, mineral and building materials, tobacco processing, and papermaking.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream vertical air separators use airflow that moves vertically upwards. When materials fall from the top, lighter materials are carried up by the airflow, while heavier materials settle and separate. However, they can only achieve two-stage screening, limiting their application scenarios and failing to meet the needs of multi-stage screening.

[0004] In a horizontal air classifier, the airflow passes horizontally through the material layer, with lighter materials being blown further away and heavier materials settling nearby under gravity. Some air classifiers also achieve grading by configuring collection frames at different distances, but their sorting accuracy is relatively poor.

[0005] To meet the needs of multi-stage screening and improve screening efficiency, patent document CN104368526B adds multiple vertical fans to a bedroom air separator, thereby increasing the screening effect. However, this equipment is bulky, requiring multiple fans and conveyor belts, making it unsuitable for miniaturized processing. Furthermore, current multi-stage sorting equipment cannot select the number of stages as needed, limiting its applicability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above situation and to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical multi-stage air separator, which can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency and uncontrollable number of stages in multi-stage air separation.

[0007] The technical solution is as follows: it includes a receiving component, including an outer cylinder, with an air-breaking duct in the middle of the outer cylinder. The diameter of the air-breaking duct is larger than that of the outer cylinder, and the outer wall of the air-breaking duct is mesh-like. Four annular receiving plates are fixed from top to bottom on the inner wall of the air-breaking duct, and there are four discharge ports on the air-breaking duct corresponding to the receiving plates. An annular receiving plate with a higher inner side and a lower outer side is fixed on the inner side of the bottom receiving plate. Each receiving plate has a rotatable scraper.

[0008] The air outlet assembly includes an inner cylinder with a fan at the bottom. Three baffles are fixed from top to bottom on the inner side of the inner cylinder, and an air outlet is opened on the side wall of the inner cylinder below each baffle. The middle baffle and the lower baffle have through holes in the middle, and a vertically downward square tube is fixed at each through hole. The upper square tube is smaller than the lower square tube, and two adjustable dampers are hinged to the bottom of each square tube.

[0009] The air outlet assembly is located inside the receiving assembly, and the three air outlets from top to bottom correspond to the three receiving plates from top to bottom respectively; a rotatable conical plate is fixed at the top of the inner cylinder; the conical plate can drive multiple scrapers to rotate synchronously.

[0010] Preferably, the receiving plate has an annular retaining ring on its inner side; the outer side of the bottom receiving plate is fixed to the inner side of the retaining ring; the discharge port is inclined with the inner side lower than the outer side; the height of the discharge port connected to each receiving plate is lower than the height of the receiving plate.

[0011] Preferably, a hopper is fixed to the top of the outer cylinder, the outlet of the hopper is located at the upper center of the conical plate, and the upper side of the conical plate has ribs.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the upper square tube is placed inside the lower square tube.

[0013] Preferably, a torsion spring is installed at the hinge joint between the damper and the square tube, and the torsion spring causes the damper to tend to close the square tube; a rope is connected to the lower end of each damper, the rope passes through the inner tube, the lower end of the rope is placed between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a knot is tied in the middle of the rope, with the knot placed on the outer side of the inner tube.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of each vertical cylinder has two dampers that rotate inward to a horizontal position to close the bottom of the vertical cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, a motor is fixed to the top of the inner cylinder, and the output shaft of the motor is fixed to the tapered plate.

[0016] Preferably, the lower middle part of the inner cylinder is fitted with a ring, and two vertical rods are connected between the conical plate and the ring. Each receiving plate has two scrapers, which are connected to the two vertical rods via connecting rods.

[0017] Preferably, a baffle ring is fixed inside the outer cylinder, the baffle ring is located outside the conical plate, and the lower end of the baffle ring is lower than the lower end of the conical plate.

[0018] Preferably, each of the air outlets is annular, and the air outlet is connected to a filter screen.

[0019] Preferably, each of the aforementioned air outlets is composed of multiple segments evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0020] Preferably, the lower end of the vertical cylinder is fixed to the side wall of the inner cylinder via a reinforcing rod.

[0021] The advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This equipment can achieve two-level, three-level, four-level, or even more levels of air separation, is easy to adjust, and has a wide range of applications.

[0022] 2. In this equipment, only one fan is needed to achieve multi-stage screening, and the air volume of each stage can be allocated as needed to achieve the purpose of screening from top to bottom according to the proportion of gravity.

[0023] 3. This equipment can achieve automatic and uniform vertical gravity feeding, which disperses the material evenly, facilitates air separation, avoids accumulation, and improves the air separation effect.

[0024] 4. This equipment can achieve fully automatic discharge, which is convenient for collection, and the internal structure can be automatically cleared to prevent material from clogging inside.

[0025] 5. This equipment is compact in size and suitable for air separation of different sizes and products. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the present invention. Figure I .

[0028] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the air outlet component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0031] This embodiment provides a vertical multi-stage air separator, which consists of two parts: an inner air outlet assembly 2 and an outer receiving assembly 1. The air outlet assembly 2 is responsible for discharging air and performing multi-stage air separation, while the receiving assembly 1 is responsible for receiving and discharging the material after multi-stage screening.

[0032] The air outlet assembly 2 includes an inner cylinder 21 with a fan 22 at its bottom. Three baffles 23 are fixed to the inner side of the inner cylinder 21 from top to bottom, with the uppermost baffle 23 flush with the top of the inner cylinder 21. Each pair of adjacent baffles 23 forms a gas chamber, resulting in three gas chambers from top to bottom. An air outlet 24 is located below each baffle on the side wall of the inner cylinder 21. The air outlet 24 is annular and supported and ventilated by a filter. Therefore, each gas chamber can exhale from its top perimeter, forming three vertically arranged annular air outlets.

[0033] In some embodiments, in order to avoid the filter at the air outlet 24 from blocking the airflow and to achieve all-round annular air separation, each of the air outlets 24 is composed of multiple segments evenly distributed around the circumference, with adjacent ends separated by cylindrical gaps, which serves to avoid blocking the airflow and to connect the inner cylinder 21.

[0034] Both the middle and lower wind deflectors 23 have through holes 25 in their center, and a vertically downward-pointing square tube 26 is fixed at each through hole 25. The upper square tube 26 is smaller than the lower square tube 26, and the lower end of the upper square tube 26 is placed inside the lower square tube 26. Two adjustable dampers 27 are hinged to the bottom of each square tube 26. Through the design of the two square tubes 26, the airflow from the fan 22 can be directed into the three gas chambers. Furthermore, by controlling the angle of the dampers 27, the airflow in the three gas chambers can be adjusted. Generally, the airflow is increased from top to bottom. Additionally, by completely closing the dampers 27, the uppermost and middle gas chambers can be completely closed.

[0035] A torsion spring is located at the hinge point between the upper end of the valve and the bottom of the square tube 26, causing the damper 27 to tend to close the square tube 26. A rope 29 is connected to the lower end of each damper 27, passing through the inner tube 21 and positioned between the inner tube 21 and the outer tube 11. The angle of the damper 27 can be controlled by pulling the rope 29. After adjusting the angle, the rope 29 should be kept taut. This can be achieved by fixing the lower end of the rope 29, or by tying a knot in the middle of the rope 29, with the knot positioned on the outer side of the inner tube 21.

[0036] A motor is fixed to the top of the inner cylinder 21, and a conical plate is fixed to the motor output shaft. Multiple ribs are evenly distributed on the upper side of the conical plate 28. By rotating, the material can be evenly dispersed to the surrounding area and then air-separated by the air vents. A ring 210 is fitted onto the lower end of the inner cylinder 21. Two vertical rods 211 connect the conical plate 28 and the ring 210, providing power to the outer scraper 16.

[0037] The receiving component 1 consists of an outer cylinder 11 that fits around the outside of the air outlet component 2. A breaker duct 12 is located in the center of the outer cylinder 11, and its outer wall is mesh-like to allow airflow to escape outwards. Four annular receiving plates 13 are fixed from top to bottom on the inner wall of the breaker duct 12. Baffle rings 17 are fixed inside the receiving plates 13, and their low height allows for sufficient spacing, enabling airflow and material to enter the receiving plates 13. Each receiving plate 13 is recessed downwards to form a discharge port 14. The outer wall of the breaker duct 12 has holes corresponding to the discharge ports 14, and the outer ends of the discharge ports 14 extend out of the breaker duct 12. The four discharge ports 14 are located in different positions, facilitating material reception at various locations without material interference.

[0038] Two scrapers 16 are symmetrically arranged on each receiving plate 13. The scrapers 16 are fixed to the vertical rod 211 by the connecting rod 212, thereby realizing the rotation of the scrapers 16, which can promptly scrape the material accumulated on the receiving plate 13 and let it flow out from the discharge port 14. Moreover, each discharge port 14 is concave relative to the receiving plate 13, and the inner side of the bottom plate of the discharge port 14 is higher than the outer side, so that the material can fall quickly. In addition, an inclined receiving plate 15 is fixed on the retaining ring 17 on the inner side of the bottom receiving plate 13. The inner side of the receiving plate 15 is higher than the outer side. Therefore, the last stage of material can also fall smoothly onto the bottom receiving plate 13.

[0039] A hopper 18 is fixed to the top of the outer cylinder 11. The outlet of the hopper 18 is located at the center of the upper end of the conical plate 28. There is a gap between the outlet of the hopper 18 and the conical plate 28. With the help of the ribs on the upper side of the conical plate 28, the material can fall slowly and evenly when the conical plate 28 rotates.

[0040] To prevent the material from falling directly into the uppermost receiving plate 13 after descending along the conical plate 28, a baffle ring 19 is fixed inside the outer cylinder 11. The baffle ring 19 is located outside the conical plate 28, and the lower end of the baffle ring 19 is lower than the lower end of the conical plate 28.

[0041] When using this device, first adjust the angle of the upper dampers 27 of the two square tubes 26 as needed, thereby regulating the airflow at the three outlets. Generally, the airflow increases sequentially from top to bottom. Because the airflow in each gas chamber is different, the gas velocity at the final outlet is different, achieving different levels of air separation. The dampers 27 can also be closed as needed to achieve two, three, or four levels of air separation. The speed of the fan 22 can also be adjusted to further control the air separation effect. Furthermore, when more levels of air separation are needed, the same method can be used to increase the number of nested square tubes 26.

[0042] Material enters through hopper 18, and after being rotated by conical plate 28, it spreads evenly in all directions. After being blocked by baffle ring 19, it falls vertically under its own weight, passing through three air outlets 24 from top to bottom for air separation. The airflow from the uppermost outlet 24 carries lighter impurities onto the uppermost receiving plate 15; finally, under the action of scraper 16, it is discharged from the corresponding outlet 14 of the receiving plate 15. Similarly, the material below undergoes medium-speed and high-speed airflow separation, for a total of three stages. The heaviest material enters the lowermost receiving plate 13 and is then discharged.

[0043] The above method enables real-time air separation with uniform material feeding, preventing blockages and avoiding incomplete air separation caused by sudden and rapid material descent. Furthermore, the separated debris can be discharged from different outlets 14 for convenient collection.

[0044] This equipment uses a single fan and multi-stage air separation with controllable levels, which can meet various types of air separation needs. It is also energy-saving, power-saving, and compact in size.

Claims

1. A vertical multi-stage air separator, characterized in that, include, The receiving component (1) includes an outer cylinder (11), with a broken air duct (12) in the middle of the outer cylinder (11). The diameter of the broken air duct (12) is larger than that of the outer cylinder (11), and the outer wall of the broken air duct (12) is mesh-like. Four annular receiving plates (13) are fixed on the inner wall of the broken air duct (12) from top to bottom. The broken air duct (12) has four discharge ports (14) corresponding to the receiving plates (13). An annular receiving plate (15) with a higher inner side and a lower outer side is fixed on the inner side of the bottom receiving plate (13). Each receiving plate (13) has a rotatable scraper (16). The air outlet assembly (2) includes an inner cylinder (21), a fan (22) at the bottom of the inner cylinder (21), three baffles (23) fixed from top to bottom on the inner side of the inner cylinder (21), and an air outlet (24) located below each baffle (23) on the side wall of the inner cylinder (21); the middle baffle (23) and the lower baffle (23) have through holes (25) in the middle, and a vertically downward square tube (26) is fixed at each through hole (25); the upper square tube (26) is smaller than the lower square tube (26), and two adjustable dampers (27) are hinged at the bottom of each square tube (26). The air outlet assembly (2) is located inside the receiving assembly (1), and the three air outlets (24) from top to bottom correspond to the three receiving plates (13) from top to bottom respectively; the top of the inner cylinder (21) is fixed with a rotatable conical plate (28); the conical plate (28) can drive multiple scrapers (16) to rotate synchronously; The lower end of the upper square tube (26) is placed inside the lower square tube (26); A torsion spring is installed at the hinge joint between the damper (27) and the square tube (26), and the torsion spring makes the damper (27) tend to close the square tube (26); a rope (29) is connected to the lower end of each damper (27), the rope (29) passes through the inner tube (21), the lower end of the rope (29) is placed between the inner tube (21) and the outer tube (11), and a knot is tied in the middle of the rope (29), with the knot placed on the outer side of the inner tube (21); The bottom of each of the square tubes (26) has two dampers (27) at the bottom that can be rotated into the square tube (26) to a horizontal position to close the bottom of the square tube (26); A motor is fixed to the top of the inner cylinder (21), and the output shaft of the motor is fixed to the conical plate (28); The lower middle part of the inner cylinder (21) is fitted with a ring (210), and two vertical rods (211) are connected between the conical plate (28) and the ring (210). There are two scrapers (16) on each receiving plate (13), and they are connected to the two vertical rods (211) via connecting rods (212).

2. A vertical multi-stage air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving plate (13) is provided with an annular retaining ring (17) on its inner side; the outer side of the bottom receiving plate (15) is fixed to the inner side of the retaining ring (17); the discharge port (14) is inclined with the inner side lower than the outer side; the height of the discharge port (14) connected to each receiving plate (13) is lower than the height of the receiving plate (13).

3. A vertical multi-stage air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the outer cylinder (11) is fixed with a hopper (18), the outlet of the hopper (18) is located at the upper center of the conical plate (28), and the upper side of the conical plate (28) has ribs.

4. A vertical multi-stage air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (11) is fixed with a baffle ring (19), which is located outside the conical plate (28), and the lower end of the baffle ring (19) is lower than the lower end of the conical plate (28).

5. A vertical multi-stage air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned air outlets (24) consists of multiple segments evenly distributed around the circumference.

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