A device for surface modification of a metal material by underwater explosion

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of surface modification devices of metal material by underwater explosion, it is related to metal material surface treatment technical field, sealing shell includes coaxially arranged inner cylinder and outer cylinder, outer cavity is formed between inner cylinder and outer cylinder, detachable upper end cover and lower end cover are respectively arranged at the both ends of outer cylinder, inner cavity is formed between inner cylinder and upper end cover and lower end cover, adjusting mechanism includes depth adjusting assembly and two groups of distance adjusting assembly, depth adjusting assembly can slide along the axial direction of inner cylinder.By setting distance adjusting assembly, the distance between the two kinds of modified metal materials is controlled, which helps to form a metallurgical bonding interface, thereby controlling the degree of deformation and the depth of mutual embedding of metal under explosive shock, by setting depth adjusting assembly, the residual energy when explosive energy is transmitted to the surface of metal material is accurately adjusted, to ensure that metal material can obtain enough energy to realize surface modification, while avoiding quality problems caused by improper energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal material surface treatment technology, and in particular to a device for modifying the surface of metal materials by underwater explosion. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industry, layered metal composites, combining the superior properties of multiple metals, are widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, and automotive manufacturing. Traditional manufacturing processes for layered metal materials mainly include rolling composites and welding composites.

[0003] Rolling composite processes bond metal materials together by applying pressure during rolling. However, this process has significant drawbacks for dissimilar metals with significantly different physicochemical properties, such as titanium, aluminum, and copper. Due to differences in hardness, coefficients of thermal expansion, and other properties, uniform deformation is difficult to achieve during rolling, resulting in low interfacial bonding strength and a tendency for delamination and cracking. Furthermore, the metal surface comes into contact with air during rolling, making it highly susceptible to oxidation, which further reduces the bonding quality and performance of the materials.

[0004] While welding composite processes can achieve the connection between metals, they also face many challenges. For welding dissimilar metals, due to differences in melting point, thermal conductivity, and other properties, defects such as porosity and cracks are easily generated during the welding process, which seriously affects the reliability of the materials. Moreover, the high temperature of welding causes severe oxidation on the metal surface, forming an oxide film that hinders interatomic diffusion and makes it difficult to form a high-quality metallurgical bond.

[0005] Underwater explosion composite technology has emerged as an advanced process for preparing layered metallic materials. Its core principle is to utilize the high-pressure shock wave generated by an underwater explosion to induce instantaneous plastic deformation and tight bonding between two different metallic materials. However, existing related devices and processes suffer from insufficient precision in controlling explosion energy and low flexibility in adjusting process parameters, limiting the widespread adoption and application of this technology in more fields.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for modifying the surface of metal materials by underwater explosion, so as to solve the technical problems of insufficient precision in controlling explosion energy and low flexibility in adjusting process parameters in existing metal material surface modification devices.

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for surface modification of metallic materials via underwater explosion, comprising: The sealed housing includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder arranged coaxially, forming an outer cavity between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is provided with a detachable upper end cap and a lower end cap at both ends, and the inner cylinder forms an inner cavity between the upper end cap and the lower end cap. Two sets of explosive mechanisms are respectively located inside the upper and lower end covers and within the inner cavity. The two sets of explosive mechanisms are used to generate shock waves with relative motion. The adjustment mechanism is located between the two sets of explosion mechanisms. The adjustment mechanism includes a depth adjustment component and two sets of distance adjustment components. The depth adjustment component can slide along the axial direction of the inner cylinder. The two sets of distance adjustment components are symmetrically sleeved on the depth adjustment component. The two metal materials to be modified are detachably installed on the two sets of distance adjustment components respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the depth adjustment component includes a central cylinder; The center tube includes an upper focusing edge and a lower focusing edge; A connecting cylinder is fixedly installed between the upper and lower wave-focusing edges; The inner cylinder has symmetrical vertical grooves on its inner side wall; A rotatable adjusting rod is vertically installed inside the vertical groove. Each adjusting rod has an external thread and is connected to an external drive motor. The upper and lower concentrating edges are respectively sleeved on two adjusting rods. The lower concentrating edge is threaded to the adjusting rod, and the upper concentrating edge is slidably connected to the adjusting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner walls of the upper or lower wave-focusing edge are both wave-focusing structures and are symmetrically arranged, wherein the inner diameter of the upper wave-focusing edge gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance adjustment assembly includes an adjustment ring sleeved on the connecting cylinder; At least three limiting protrusions are evenly arranged on the inner sidewall of the adjusting ring along its circumference. The connecting cylinder has multiple vertically formed limiting grooves on its peripheral wall that mate with the limiting protrusions, with the multiple limiting protrusions located in the multiple limiting grooves respectively; Multiple telescopic components are evenly arranged along their circumference between the adjusting ring and the adjacent upper or lower concentrating edge. The limiting protrusion is equipped with a detachable support plate, and multiple support plates are used to support the metal material to be modified.

[0012] Furthermore, the explosive mechanism includes a telescopic assembly disposed inside the upper or lower end cover; A support circular plate is provided at the end of the telescopic component that is away from the upper or lower end cover; Multiple mounting tubes are arranged along the circumference of the support circular plate, and removable strip-shaped explosives are placed inside the mounting tubes. An electronic detonator is installed at the center of the support plate, and the electronic detonator is electrically connected to an external controller via a cable.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes a threaded tube coaxially disposed on the side of the support circular plate opposite to the mounting tube; A threaded rod is installed inside the threaded tube. The end of the rod away from the supporting circular plate passes through the upper or lower end cover. The rod is driven by a drive motor. Multiple telescopic rods are evenly arranged between the supporting circular plate and the upper or lower end cover.

[0014] Furthermore, a bolted tightening bolt is installed through the outer peripheral wall of the mounting pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper and lower end caps are symmetrically provided with inner holes; The inner hole connects to the inner cavity; The two inner holes are connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, respectively. A control valve is installed on the drain pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper and lower end caps are symmetrically provided with external holes; The outer hole connects to the outer cavity; The two external holes are connected to an external circulating water source through circulation pipes.

[0017] Furthermore, at least two lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the outer periphery of the outer cylinder.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up two sets of explosion mechanisms, shock waves are generated on the two types of metal materials to be modified in the inner cavity, causing the two different metal materials to undergo plastic deformation and tightly bond together.

[0019] 2. By controlling the distance between the two metal materials to be modified through the set distance adjustment component, it helps to form an ideal metallurgical bonding interface, thereby controlling the degree of deformation and the depth of mutual embedding of the metals under explosive impact, so that the interface forms a continuous and uniform wavy structure, resulting in higher bonding strength of the mixed metal after bonding, and also reducing defects such as pores and cracks at the interface, thereby improving the overall quality and reliability of the material.

[0020] 3. By setting up a depth adjustment component, the residual energy when the explosion energy is transferred to the surface of the metal material is accurately adjusted, and the explosion energy decay is controlled within a suitable range. This ensures that the metal material obtains enough energy to achieve surface modification, while avoiding quality problems caused by improper energy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the device for modifying the surface of metallic materials by underwater explosion provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the underwater explosion surface modification device for metal materials provided in this application embodiment after removing the support frame, outer cylinder and inner cylinder; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the explosion mechanism of the underwater explosion surface modification device for metallic materials provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the adjustment mechanism, outer cylinder, and inner cylinder of the underwater explosion surface modification device for metal materials provided in this embodiment of the application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the device for modifying the surface of metallic materials by underwater explosion, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the central cylinder of the device for modifying the surface of metallic materials by underwater explosion, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two sets of distance adjustment components of the surface modification device for metal materials via underwater explosion provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Bottom frame; 2. Outer cylinder; 3. Upper end cap; 4. Lower end cap; 5. Explosion mechanism; 6. Adjustment mechanism; 7. Inner hole; 8. Outer hole; 9. Drive motor; 10. Inner cylinder; 11. Adjustment rod; 51. Supporting circular plate; 52. Mounting tube; 53. Tightening bolt; 54. Telescopic rod; 55. Screw; 56. Threaded tube; 57. Strip explosive; 58. Electronic detonator; 61. Upper concentrator edge; 62. Connecting cylinder; 63. Lower concentrator edge; 64. Adjustment ring; 65. Telescopic component; 66. Limiting groove; 67. Limiting protrusion; 68. Support plate.

[0023] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a device for surface modification of metal materials by underwater explosion is provided, including: a sealed shell, two sets of explosion mechanisms 5 and an adjustment mechanism 6. The sealed shell includes an inner cylinder 10 and an outer cylinder 2 arranged coaxially, forming an outer cavity between the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 2. The outer cylinder 2 is provided with a detachable upper end cover 3 and a lower end cover 4 at both ends, respectively. An inner cavity is formed between the inner cylinder 10 and the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4. The two sets of explosion mechanisms 5 are respectively arranged inside the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4 and located in the inner cavity. The two sets of explosion mechanisms 5 are used to generate shock waves with relative motion. The adjustment mechanism 6 is located between the two sets of explosion mechanisms 5. The adjustment mechanism 6 includes a depth adjustment component and two sets of distance adjustment components. The depth adjustment component can slide along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 10. The two sets of distance adjustment components are symmetrically sleeved on the depth adjustment component. The two metal materials to be modified are respectively detachably arranged on the two sets of distance adjustment components.

[0026] It should be noted that the inner cylinder 10, outer cylinder 2, upper end cover 3, and lower end cover 4 are all made of steel to ensure that they can withstand the shock wave pressure generated by the explosion. There are multiple fixing beams between the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 2 to fix the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 2. The upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4 are fixed to both ends of the outer cylinder 2 by fastening bolts. The upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4 are respectively installed at both ends of the outer cylinder 2 by hinges. The metal material surface modification device provided in this application embodiment also includes a bottom frame 1. The bottom frame 1 is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts. The metal material surface modification device is placed vertically on the bottom frame 1, so that the lower end cover 4 is located on the bottom frame 1. Before performing metal material surface modification, an appropriate amount of water medium is injected into the inner cavity.

[0027] The shock wave generated by the explosion mechanism 5 attenuates with distance as it propagates in water. Adjusting the spacing between metal materials allows for precise control of the energy of the shock wave reaching the metal surface. When the spacing is small, the peak pressure of the shock wave is higher, which is suitable for dissimilar metals that are difficult to bond, such as titanium and steel. The strong pressure can cause severe plastic deformation on the metal surface, achieving a tight bond at the atomic level. When the spacing is large, the energy is relatively gentle, which is suitable for metal combinations that are easier to bond, such as aluminum and copper, avoiding excessive deformation or damage to the material due to excessive energy. Different metal materials have different physicochemical properties (hardness, toughness, melting point, etc.) and respond differently to explosion energy. For metals with higher hardness, a closer spacing is required to provide sufficient impact energy. For softer metals, the spacing can be appropriately increased to prevent the material from deforming uncontrollably due to excessive energy, thereby improving the device's versatility and processing adaptability to different materials.

[0028] Water, as the medium for transferring explosive energy, directly affects the propagation characteristics of shock waves due to its thickness. As the water depth increases, the water pressure increases, and the water medium can effectively buffer the shock waves, reducing their pressure and preventing metal materials from cracking or deforming excessively, thus promoting a stronger metallurgical bond between metal materials.

[0029] In the above scheme, two sets of explosion mechanisms 5 generate shock waves on the two types of metal materials to be modified in the inner cavity, causing the two different metal materials to undergo plastic deformation and tightly bond together. The distance adjustment component controls the distance between the two metal materials to be modified, which helps to form an ideal metallurgical bonding interface. This controls the degree of deformation and the depth of interpenetration of the metals under the explosion impact, making the interface form a continuous and uniform wavy structure. This results in higher bonding strength of the mixed metals after bonding, and also reduces defects such as pores and cracks at the interface, improving the overall quality and reliability of the material. The depth adjustment component accurately adjusts the residual energy when the explosion energy is transferred to the surface of the metal material, controlling the explosion energy attenuation within a suitable range. This ensures that the metal material obtains sufficient energy to achieve surface modification while avoiding quality problems caused by improper energy.

[0030] See some possible implementations. Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the depth adjustment assembly includes a central cylinder, which includes an upper concentrating edge 61 and a lower concentrating edge 63. A connecting cylinder 62 is fixedly installed between the upper concentrating edge 61 and the lower concentrating edge 63. Vertical grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner sidewall of the inner cylinder 10. A rotatable adjusting rod 11 is vertically installed in the vertical groove. Each adjusting rod 11 has an external thread and is connected to an external drive motor. The upper concentrating edge 61 and the lower concentrating edge 63 are respectively sleeved on the two adjusting rods 11. The lower concentrating edge 63 is threadedly connected to the threaded adjusting rod 11. The upper concentrating edge 61 is slidably connected to the adjusting rod 11. The upper concentrating edge 61, the lower concentrating edge 63, the connecting cylinder 62, and the adjusting rod 11 are all made of impact-resistant steel. The outer walls of the upper concentrating edge 61 and the lower concentrating edge 63 are in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 10 and can slide to prevent the central cylinder from swaying left and right when it is impacted.

[0031] In the above scheme, before modifying the metal material, the water depth is adjusted. The lower end cover 4 is opened, and the threaded adjusting rod 11 is rotated by an external drive motor. Specifically, the lower end of the threaded adjusting rod 11 penetrates the inner cylinder 10, and the lower end of the threaded adjusting rod 11 is machined into a hexagon. When driving the threaded adjusting rod 11 to rotate, the threaded adjusting rod 11 is driven to rotate by an electric wrench and the corresponding sleeve head, thereby driving the lower concentrator 63 to move, causing the lower concentrator 63 to slide up and down, thereby driving the entire central cylinder to slide up and down, thus completing the adjustment of the depth of the metal material in the water medium inside the central cylinder.

[0032] See some possible implementations. Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the inner walls of the upper wave-concentrating edge 61 and the lower wave-concentrating edge 63 are both wave-concentrating structures and are symmetrically arranged. The inner diameter of the upper wave-concentrating edge 61 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0033] In the above scheme, the inner walls of the upper wave-focusing edge 61 and the lower wave-focusing edge 63 are both funnel-shaped structures, which can concentrate the shock wave generated by the explosion and improve the stability of the shock wave.

[0034] See some possible implementations. Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the distance adjustment assembly includes an adjustment ring 64 sleeved on the connecting cylinder 62. At least three limiting protrusions 67 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner sidewall of the adjustment ring 64. Multiple limiting grooves 66 that cooperate with the limiting protrusions 67 are vertically opened on the circumferential wall of the connecting cylinder 62. The multiple limiting protrusions 67 are respectively located in the multiple limiting grooves 66. Multiple telescopic members 65 are evenly arranged along the circumference between the adjustment ring 64 and the adjacent upper converging edge 61 or lower converging edge 63. The telescopic members 65 can be electric actuators or hydraulic rods. A detachable support plate 68 is provided inside the limiting protrusion 67. The multiple support plates 68 are used to support the metal material to be modified. The shape of the support plate 68 can be changed as needed to support and clamp the metal material to be modified.

[0035] In the above scheme, the support plate 68 is a wooden support plate that can break when impacted, so that the two sets of metals to be modified can be combined. The limiting protrusion 67 plays a limiting role on the adjusting ring 64 to prevent the adjusting ring 64 from rotating. When adjusting the distance between the two sets of metal materials to be modified, multiple telescopic components 65 on the upper wave-concentrating edge 61 or the lower wave-concentrating edge 63 are activated synchronously. The simultaneous activation of multiple telescopic components 65 drives the corresponding adjusting ring 64 to slide, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sets of metal materials to be modified. The two sets of metal materials to be modified are placed on the corresponding multiple support plates 68 respectively.

[0036] See some possible implementations. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the explosive mechanism 5 includes a telescopic assembly disposed inside the upper end cover 3 or the lower end cover 4. A support circular plate 51 is disposed at the end of the telescopic assembly away from the upper end cover 3 or the lower end cover 4. Multiple mounting tubes 52 are disposed on the support circular plate 51 along its circumference. A detachable strip explosive 57 is disposed inside the mounting tube 52. An electronic detonator 58 is disposed at the center of the support circular plate 51. The electronic detonator 58 is electrically connected to an external controller via a cable.

[0037] In the above scheme, when the strip explosive 57 is detonated, the control controller is activated. After the controller is activated, it issues a detonation command. The electrical signal is transmitted to the electronic detonator 58 through the cable conductor. The good conductivity of the cable conductor ensures that the electrical signal reaches the electronic detonator 58 quickly and accurately in a short time, avoiding abnormal detonation of the electronic detonator 58 due to attenuation or delay of the electrical signal. The detonating explosive in the electronic detonator 58 is triggered, causing it to detonate and release a high-temperature, high-pressure detonation wave. The detonation wave is transmitted to the strip explosive 57, thereby detonating the strip explosive 57 and generating a high-pressure shock wave.

[0038] See some possible implementations. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic assembly includes a threaded tube 56 coaxially disposed on the side of the support circular plate 51 away from the mounting tube 52. A screw rod 55 is screwed into the threaded tube 56. The screw rod 55 is rotatably disposed on the upper end cover 3 or the lower end cover 4. The end of the screw rod 55 away from the support circular plate 51 passes through the upper end cover 3 or the lower end cover 4. The screw rod 55 is driven by a drive motor 9. Multiple telescopic rods 54 are evenly disposed between the support plate 51 and the upper end cover 3 or the lower end cover 4.

[0039] In the above scheme, the energy of the shock wave generated by the explosion of the strip explosive 57 decreases exponentially with the increase of the propagation distance. If the distance between the strip explosive 57 and the metal material to be modified is too close, the energy of the shock wave is strong, which will cause excessive damage such as cracks and erosion on the surface of the metal material to be modified. If the distance is too far, the energy attenuation is too great, and the grain refinement and hardening effects required for modification cannot be achieved. Therefore, the distance between the strip explosive 57 and the metal material to be modified is adjusted by setting the telescopic component to meet the modification requirements of the two sets of metal materials to be modified. Specifically, the drive motor 9 is controlled to start, the drive motor 9 drives the screw 55 to rotate, the screw 55 rotates and drives the threaded tube 56 to move up and down, thereby driving the support plate 51 to rise and fall. Multiple telescopic rods 54 play a limiting role for the support plate 51.

[0040] See some possible implementations. Figure 3 As shown, a screw-on tightening bolt 53 is provided through the outer peripheral wall of the mounting tube 52, and the strip explosive 57 is fixed in the mounting tube 52 by the tightening bolt 53.

[0041] See some possible implementations. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4 are symmetrically provided with inner holes 7, which are connected to the inner cavity. The two inner holes 7 are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. The water inlet pipe is connected to an external water source, and the water outlet pipe is equipped with a control valve.

[0042] In the above scheme, before modifying the two groups of metal materials to be modified, sufficient water medium needs to be injected into the inner cavity. Water medium is injected into the inner cavity through the water inlet pipe. When draining after the modification is completed, the water medium in the inner cavity is discharged through the drain pipe through the control valve.

[0043] See some possible implementations. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 4 are symmetrically provided with external holes 8, which are connected to the outer cavity. The two external holes 8 are connected to the external circulating water source through the circulation pipe.

[0044] In the above scheme, when the bar explosive 57 detonates, it will generate a large amount of energy. The local water temperature can rise to thousands of degrees Celsius instantly. By continuously introducing cooling water into the outer cavity, the circulating cooling water in the outer cavity will quickly remove the heat through heat exchange, thus avoiding excessively high wall temperature of the inner cylinder 10 and preventing the inner cylinder 10 from overheating and causing creep or annealing failure.

[0045] See some possible implementations. Figure 1 As shown, at least two lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 2. When filling the inner cylinder 10 with strip explosive 57 and the metal material to be modified, the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 2 are usually placed horizontally on the ground. After filling, the two lifting rings are connected by a lifting device to lift the metal material surface modification device as a whole and place it on the bottom frame 1. The bottom frame 1 has reinforcing ribs around the outer cylinder 2 to prevent the metal material surface modification device from tipping over.

[0046] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of protection of this invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A device for surface modification of metallic materials via underwater explosion, characterized in that, include: A sealed housing, the sealed housing includes an inner cylinder (10) and an outer cylinder (2) arranged coaxially, an outer cavity is formed between the inner cylinder (10) and the outer cylinder (2), and a detachable upper end cap (3) and a lower end cap (4) are respectively provided at both ends of the outer cylinder (2), and an inner cavity is formed between the inner cylinder (10) and the upper end cap (3) and the lower end cap (4); Two sets of explosion mechanisms (5) are respectively located inside the upper end cover (3) and the lower end cover (4) and are located in the inner cavity. The two sets of explosion mechanisms (5) are used to generate shock waves with relative motion. Adjustment mechanism (6), the adjustment mechanism (6) is located between the two sets of explosion mechanisms (5), the adjustment mechanism (6) includes a depth adjustment component and two sets of distance adjustment components, the depth adjustment component can slide along the axial direction of the inner cylinder (10), the two sets of distance adjustment components are symmetrically sleeved on the depth adjustment component, and the two metal materials to be modified are respectively detachably installed on the two sets of distance adjustment components; The depth adjustment assembly includes a central cylinder; The central tube includes an upper concentrating edge (61) and a lower concentrating edge (63). A connecting cylinder (62) is fixedly provided between the upper concentrating edge (61) and the lower concentrating edge (63). The inner wall of the inner cylinder (10) is symmetrically provided with vertical grooves; A rotatable adjusting rod (11) is vertically arranged in the vertical groove, wherein any one of the adjusting rods (11) is provided with an external thread and is connected to an external drive motor; The upper concentrating edge (61) and the lower concentrating edge (63) are respectively sleeved on the two adjusting rods (11), the lower concentrating edge (63) is threadedly connected to the adjusting rod (11), and the upper concentrating edge (61) is slidably connected to the adjusting rod (11); The distance adjustment assembly includes an adjustment ring (64) sleeved on the connecting cylinder (62); At least three limiting protrusions (67) are evenly arranged on the inner sidewall of the adjusting ring (64) along its circumference. The connecting cylinder (62) has a plurality of limiting grooves (66) vertically opened on its peripheral wall to cooperate with the limiting protrusions (67), and the plurality of limiting protrusions (67) are respectively located in the plurality of limiting grooves (66); Multiple telescopic components (65) are uniformly arranged along the circumference between the adjusting ring (64) and the adjacent upper concentrating edge (61) or lower concentrating edge (63). The limiting protrusion (67) is provided with a detachable support plate (68), and multiple support plates (68) are used to support the metal material to be modified. The explosive mechanism (5) includes a telescopic assembly disposed inside the upper end cover (3) or the lower end cover (4); The telescopic component is provided with a support circular plate (51) at the end opposite to the upper end cover (3) or the lower end cover (4). The supporting circular plate (51) is provided with a plurality of mounting tubes (52) along its circumference, and the mounting tubes (52) are provided with detachable strip explosives (57). An electronic detonator (58) is provided at the center of the supporting circular plate (51), and the electronic detonator (58) is electrically connected to an external controller via a cable; The telescopic assembly includes a threaded tube (56) coaxially disposed on the side of the support circular plate (51) away from the mounting tube (52). The threaded tube (56) is provided with a screw rod (55) that is screwed in. The end of the screw rod (55) that is away from the support circular plate (51) passes through the upper end cover (3) or the lower end cover (4). The screw rod (55) is driven by a drive motor (9). Multiple telescopic rods (54) are evenly arranged between the supporting circular plate (51) and the upper end cover (3) or the lower end cover (4). The upper end cap (3) and the lower end cap (4) are symmetrically provided with inner holes (7); The inner hole (7) communicates with the inner cavity; The two inner holes (7) are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe; A control valve is installed on the drain pipe; The upper end cover (3) and the lower end cover (4) are symmetrically provided with external holes (8); The outer hole (8) connects to the outer cavity; The two external holes (8) are connected to an external circulating water source through a circulation pipe.

2. The device for surface modification of metallic materials via underwater explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the upper wave-concentrating edge (61) or the lower wave-concentrating edge (63) is a wave-concentrating structure and is symmetrically arranged, wherein the inner diameter of the upper wave-concentrating edge (61) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

3. The device for surface modification of metallic materials via underwater explosion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer peripheral wall of the mounting tube (52) is provided with a screw-on tightening bolt (53).

4. The device for surface modification of metallic materials via underwater explosion according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (2) has at least two lifting rings symmetrically arranged on its outer peripheral wall.

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