Hydrogen storage system, control method for hydrogen replacement and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a hydrogen storage system, a control method for hydrogen replacement and a vehicle. The hydrogen storage system comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a gas charging pipeline and a gas supply pipeline connected with the hydrogen storage bottle, and a controller. The controller comprises an acquisition module, a determination module and an output module. The acquisition module is used for acquiring the hydrogen amount in the hydrogen storage bottle during hydrogen replacement, and acquiring the high-pressure pressure and the medium-pressure pressure in the gas supply pipeline. The determination module is used for determining the fault category of the hydrogen storage system according to the acquired hydrogen amount, high-pressure pressure and medium-pressure pressure, and determining the hydrogen replacement signal of the hydrogen storage system. The output module is used for outputting the corresponding fault signal according to the hydrogen replacement process and the determined fault category. The hydrogen storage system can avoid false reporting of faults that do not need to be reported during hydrogen replacement, affect the work of the whole vehicle electrical part, and ensure that the faults that need to be directly reported can be reported in time, thereby improving the safety of the system during hydrogen replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy technology, and particularly to a hydrogen storage system. The invention also relates to a control method for the replacement and refueling of the aforementioned hydrogen storage system, and a vehicle equipped with the aforementioned hydrogen storage system. Background Technology

[0002] For hydrogen energy, both hydrogen engines and fuel cell engines rely heavily on hydrogen storage systems. A hydrogen storage system consists of hydrogen storage cylinders, cylinder valves, high-pressure pipelines, pressure reducing valves, medium-pressure pipelines, an HMS (Hydrogen Management System), and an infrared controller.

[0003] After the hydrogen storage system is installed and rolled off the production line, the process of replacing the gas in the hydrogen cylinder involves filling it with nitrogen several times and then venting it to replace the air inside. At this point, the remaining gas in the hydrogen cylinder is mainly nitrogen. Then, hydrogen is used to replace the nitrogen in the hydrogen cylinder to ensure that the hydrogen in the cylinder meets the purity requirements.

[0004] Before the vehicle rolls off the production line and is replaced with hydrogen, the pressure in the pipeline after the pressure reducing valve (intermediate pressure) is atmospheric pressure. At this time, the HMS will detect a fault where the intermediate pressure exceeds the lower limit. However, reporting this fault at this point will affect the vehicle's pure electric operation. In the existing technology, the fault detection function of the HMS is first disabled, and then restored after the hydrogen tank replacement and refueling are completed. However, this method cannot properly detect and report other types of faults during the replacement and refueling process, thus affecting the safety performance of the hydrogen storage system. Moreover, if the fault detection function of the HMS is not restored after the hydrogen tank replacement and refueling are completed, the HMS will lose its normal monitoring capability of the hydrogen storage system, which also poses a potential safety risk. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a hydrogen storage system to improve the safety of the hydrogen storage system during the replacement hydrogenation process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A hydrogen storage system, comprising: It includes a hydrogen storage cylinder, an inflation pipeline connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage cylinder, a gas supply pipeline connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and a controller. The gas supply pipeline is used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen use device. The gas supply pipeline is equipped with a pressure reducing valve, which divides the gas supply pipeline into a high-pressure pipeline and a medium-pressure pipeline. The gas supply pipeline is connected in parallel to an external venting pipeline to the atmosphere, and the venting pipeline is equipped with a venting control valve. The controller includes an acquisition module, a determination module, and an output module; The acquisition module is used to acquire the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder during the replacement and hydrogenation process of the hydrogen storage cylinder in the hydrogen storage system, as well as to acquire the high pressure in the high pressure pipeline and the medium pressure in the medium pressure pipeline. The determining module is used to determine the fault type of the hydrogen storage system and the replacement hydrogen refueling process of the hydrogen storage system based on the acquired hydrogen quantity, high pressure and medium pressure. The output module is used when the determining module determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a first preset fault category, then it does not output a first preset fault signal corresponding to the first preset fault category; when the determining module determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a second preset fault category, then it immediately outputs a second preset fault signal corresponding to the second preset fault category; and when the determining module determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is complete and the fault category is at least one of the first preset fault category and the second preset fault category, then it immediately outputs a fault signal corresponding to the at least one of the first preset fault signal and the second preset fault signal. The first preset fault category is a fault caused by the displacement operation during the displacement hydrogenation process, and the second preset fault category is a fault caused by equipment failure during the displacement hydrogenation process.

[0007] Furthermore, the inflation pipeline is equipped with an inflation control valve; and / or, A filter is installed on the gas supply line, and the filter is located between the hydrogen storage cylinder and the pressure reducing valve.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas supply pipeline is equipped with a high-pressure sensor located on the inlet side of the pressure reducing valve and a medium-pressure sensor located on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve. The acquisition module acquires the high-pressure pressure through the high-pressure sensor and the medium-pressure pressure through the medium-pressure sensor; and / or, The connection point between the venting pipeline and the gas supply pipeline is located between the pressure reducing valve and the hydrogen usage device.

[0009] Furthermore, the controller includes a counting module; The counting module is used to record the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value and / or the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value during the displacement hydrogenation process; The determining module is used to determine that the displacement hydrogenation process is completed when the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value is greater than the first preset number, and / or the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value is greater than the second preset number.

[0010] This invention also provides a control method for the replacement and hydrogen addition of the above-mentioned hydrogen storage system, the control method comprising: During the process of replacing and adding hydrogen to the hydrogen storage cylinder in the hydrogen storage system, the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder is obtained, as well as the high pressure in the high pressure pipeline and the medium pressure in the medium pressure pipeline in the gas supply pipeline connecting the hydrogen storage cylinder and the hydrogen usage device are obtained. Based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure, the fault type of the hydrogen storage system and the replacement hydrogen refueling process of the hydrogen storage system are determined. When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a first preset fault category, then the first preset fault signal corresponding to the first preset fault category is not output. When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is the second preset fault category, then the second preset fault signal corresponding to the second preset fault category is immediately output. When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process has been completed and the fault category is at least one of the first preset fault category and the second preset fault category, then the fault signal corresponding to the at least one of the first preset fault signal and the second preset fault signal is immediately output. The first preset fault category is a fault caused by the displacement operation during the displacement hydrogenation process, and the second preset fault category is a fault caused by equipment failure during the displacement hydrogenation process.

[0011] Furthermore, determining the fault category of the hydrogen storage system based on the acquired hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure includes: When the high pressure is lower than a preset high pressure threshold, and when the medium pressure is lower than a preset medium pressure threshold, it is the first preset fault category; When the hydrogen quantity is not lower than the threshold for venting and the medium pressure is not within the preset pressure range, it is classified as the second preset fault category.

[0012] Furthermore, determining the replacement hydrogen refueling signal of the hydrogen storage system based on the acquired hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure includes: The high pressure is compared with a first preset pressure value, and the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value during the displacement hydrogenation process is recorded, and this number is recorded as the first time. When the first number of times is greater than the first preset number of times, the displacement hydrogenation signal indicates that the displacement hydrogenation has been completed.

[0013] Furthermore, determining the replacement hydrogenation process of the hydrogen storage system based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure also includes: The intermediate pressure is compared with the second preset pressure value, and the number of times the intermediate pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value during the displacement hydrogenation process is recorded, and this number is recorded as the second count. When the first number of times is greater than the first preset number of times, and / or the second number of times is greater than the second preset number of times, the displacement hydrogenation process is considered complete.

[0014] Furthermore, the control method also includes: Store the parameter information corresponding to the second preset fault signal.

[0015] The present invention also provides a vehicle having a hydrogen storage system as described above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The hydrogen storage system and its replacement hydrogen refueling control method described in this invention determine the fault category and replacement hydrogen refueling process of the hydrogen storage system by acquiring the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder and the high-pressure and medium-pressure in the gas supply pipeline. When the fault category is a first preset fault category and the replacement hydrogen refueling process is completed, a first preset fault signal is output. When the fault category is a second preset fault category, a second preset fault signal is directly output. This not only avoids the incorrect reporting of faults that do not need to be reported (first preset fault category) during the replacement hydrogen refueling process, which would affect the operation of the vehicle's electrical components, but also ensures that faults that need to be reported directly (second preset fault category) are reported in a timely manner, playing an effective warning role, thereby improving the safety of the hydrogen storage system during the replacement hydrogen refueling process.

[0017] Furthermore, the installation of a gas filling control valve increases the safety of the gas filling operation. The inclusion of a filter on the gas supply line ensures the quality of the gas used by the hydrogen user. Obtaining high and medium pressures via high-pressure and medium-pressure sensors located at the inlet and outlet of the pressure reducing valve is easy to implement and cost-effective. Positioning the vent line between the pressure reducing valve and the hydrogen user ensures effective removal of gas from the system, contributing to improved replacement efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, based on the acquisition of high and medium pressures, the system counts the number of times each high and medium pressure exceeds a corresponding preset pressure value, and determines the displacement hydrogenation process based on the number of counts. Combining the detection and judgment of high and medium pressures improves the reliability of determining the displacement hydrogenation process. After outputting a second preset fault signal, storing the corresponding parameter information facilitates subsequent inspection and maintenance, improving the convenience of system maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a controller provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A flowchart of a control method for hydrogen replacement and hydrogen addition in a hydrogen storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control method for hydrogen replacement and hydrogen addition in a hydrogen storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Hydrogen storage cylinder; 2. Filling pipeline; 3. Supply pipeline; 4. Hydrogen usage device; 5. Pressure reducing valve; 6. Filter; 7. Filling control valve; 8. High pressure sensor; 9. Medium pressure sensor; 10. Vent pipeline; 11. Vent control valve; 12. Controller; 201, Hydrogen filling port; 301, High-pressure pipeline; 302, Medium-pressure pipeline; 1201, Acquisition module; 1202, Determination module; 1203, Output module; 1204, Counting module. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0022] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0023] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0024] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once detected [the described condition or event]," or "in response to detection [the described condition or event]."

[0025] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0028] This embodiment relates to a hydrogen storage system, combined with Figure 1 As shown, the overall structure of the hydrogen storage system includes a hydrogen storage cylinder 1, a gas filling pipeline 2 connected to the gas inlet of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, a gas supply pipeline 3 connecting the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 to the hydrogen usage device 4, and a controller 12.

[0029] The gas supply line 3 is equipped with a pressure reducing valve 5, which is connected in series with the gas supply line 3. Based on the installation of the pressure reducing valve 5, the gas supply line 3 is divided into a high-pressure line 301 located on the inlet side of the pressure reducing valve 5 and a medium-pressure line 302 located on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve 5. In addition, a vent line 10 connected to the atmosphere is also connected in parallel to the gas supply line 3. One end of the vent line 10 is connected to the gas supply line 3, and the other end is connected to the outside atmosphere. A vent control valve 11 is installed on the vent line 10.

[0030] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the controller 12 in this embodiment includes an acquisition module 1201, a determination module 1202, and an output module 1203.

[0031] At this time, the aforementioned acquisition module 1201 is used to acquire the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, as well as the high pressure in the high-pressure pipeline 301 and the medium pressure in the medium-pressure pipeline 302 during the hydrogen replacement and refilling process of the hydrogen storage system. The aforementioned determination module 1202 is used to determine the fault type of the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogen replacement and refilling process of the hydrogen storage system based on the acquired amount of hydrogen, high pressure, and medium pressure.

[0032] The output module 1203 is configured to: when the determining module 1202 determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a first preset fault category, then not output a first preset fault signal corresponding to the first preset fault category; when the determining module 1202 determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a second preset fault category, then immediately output a second preset fault signal corresponding to the second preset fault category; and when the determining module 1202 determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is complete and the fault category is at least one of the first preset fault category and the second preset fault category, then immediately output a fault signal corresponding to at least one of the first preset fault signal and the second preset fault signal.

[0033] Based on the above overall introduction, specifically, as a feasible implementation, the hydrogen use device 4 in this embodiment can be, for example, a fuel cell stack. At the same time, similar to the hydrogen cylinder structure in existing hydrogen storage systems, a cylinder valve is generally provided at the cylinder opening of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1. The gas inlet and gas outlet of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 are both located on the cylinder valve, and the aforementioned gas filling pipeline 2 and gas supply pipeline 3 are also specifically connected to the cylinder valve.

[0034] It should be noted that in the hydrogen storage system, one or more hydrogen storage cylinders 1 can be configured as needed. When there are multiple hydrogen storage cylinders 1, the configuration of each hydrogen storage cylinder 1 can be based on existing multi-cylinder hydrogen storage systems. In addition, in specific implementations, the end of the filling pipeline 2 is generally provided with a hydrogen filling port 201 for connecting to an external gas source. At the same time, to increase the safety of the filling operation, as a preferred embodiment, a filling control valve 7 can be provided on the filling pipeline 2. This filling control valve 7 can be, for example, a one-way valve, and both the filling control valve 7 and the aforementioned hydrogen filling port 201 can use existing conventional components.

[0035] In this embodiment, in some implementations, a filter 6 can be installed on the gas supply line 3. The filter 6 is also connected in series on the gas supply line 3 and located on the high-pressure line 301 between the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 and the pressure reducing valve 5. By installing the filter 6 on the gas supply line 3, the gas quality of the hydrogen use device 4 can be guaranteed.

[0036] In this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, a high-pressure sensor 8 is provided on the gas supply line 3, located on the inlet side of the pressure reducing valve 5, that is, on the high-pressure line 301, and a medium-pressure sensor 9 is provided on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve 5, that is, on the medium-pressure line 302. At the same time, the acquisition module 1201 acquires the high-pressure pressure through the high-pressure sensor 8 and the medium-pressure pressure through the medium-pressure sensor 9.

[0037] It is understandable that obtaining high and medium pressure through the high-pressure sensor 8 and medium-pressure sensor 9 located on the inlet and outlet sides of the pressure reducing valve 5 has the advantages of being easy to implement and having low cost. Furthermore, in specific implementation, both the high-pressure sensor 8 and medium-pressure sensor 9 can be gas sensor devices that meet the pressure detection requirements, and their installation arrangement on the gas supply line 3, as well as their connection with the controller 12, can be carried out in accordance with the relevant instructions and requirements for the aforementioned sensor devices.

[0038] In this embodiment, see still Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the connection point between the vent line 10 and the gas supply line 3 is specifically located between the pressure reducing valve 5 and the hydrogen usage device 4. This arrangement, with the vent line 10 connected to the medium-pressure line 302, allows for the discharge of gas from the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve 5, ensuring effective gas discharge from the system and thus improving the replacement effect.

[0039] In this embodiment, it is worth noting that, in actual implementation, the aforementioned pressure reducing valve 5 can be an existing mechanical pressure reducing valve. This valve 5 opens when a pressure difference is generated between the inlet and outlet sides, i.e., between the high-pressure pipeline 301 and the medium-pressure pipeline 302, thus reducing the pressure of the gas in the high-pressure pipeline 301 and sending it to the medium-pressure pipeline 302. The pressure of the gas in the high-pressure pipeline 301 after being reduced by the aforementioned pressure reducing valve 5 can be selected according to the system design requirements, especially the gas consumption requirements of the hydrogen usage device 4, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0040] Furthermore, in specific implementation, the aforementioned filter 6 can be an existing gas filtration product, and in particular, it should be a product suitable for hydrogen filtration. The vent control valve 11 located on the vent line 10 can be a valve suitable for use on pressurized gas lines, and particularly suitable for hydrogen lines. Also, in particular, the vent control valve 11 can be an electrically controlled valve to connect to the controller 12, enabling it to control the opening and closing of the vent line 10 during hydrogen replacement based on control commands from the controller 12.

[0041] In this embodiment, the controller 12 also uses existing components and can be a control device with data input, output, data storage, and processing capabilities. Each module in the controller 12 can be a corresponding circuit module unit capable of data transmission, storage, or processing. Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, it is still as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the controller 12 in this embodiment further includes a counting module 1204, which records the number of times the high pressure exceeds a first preset pressure value and the number of times the medium pressure exceeds a second preset pressure value during the displacement hydrogenation process. Furthermore, based on the counts from the counting module 1204, the determining module 1202 also determines that the displacement hydrogenation process is complete when the number of times the high pressure exceeds the first preset pressure value exceeds a first preset number and the number of times the medium pressure exceeds the second preset pressure value exceeds a second preset number.

[0042] At this point, based on the acquisition of high pressure and medium pressure, the counting module 1204 is set to count the number of times the high pressure and medium pressure are greater than the corresponding preset pressure value, and the replacement hydrogenation process is determined based on the number of counts. By combining the detection and judgment of high pressure and medium pressure, the reliability of the determination of the replacement hydrogenation process can be improved.

[0043] In addition, it should be noted that, in specific implementation, in addition to counting the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value and the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value during the replacement hydrogenation process, the determining module 1202 determines that the above-mentioned replacement hydrogenation process is completed when the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value is greater than the first preset number and the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value is greater than the second preset number.

[0044] Of course, during the replacement hydrogenation process, it is also possible to count only the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value, or only the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value, and thus determine that the above-mentioned replacement hydrogenation process is completed when the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value is greater than the first preset number, or when the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value is greater than the second preset number.

[0045] In this embodiment, based on the above introduction of the hydrogen storage system, the control method of the hydrogen storage system during replacement and hydrogen refueling can be described as follows. Before describing the specific control method, the replacement and hydrogen refueling process of the hydrogen storage system after it is installed in the vehicle can be introduced first.

[0046] During the hydrogen replacement and refilling process of the hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen filling port 201 of the filling pipeline 2 is connected to the gas source, and the venting pipeline 10 is connected to the atmosphere. It can be extended to an open area by adding a delay pipe. During the replacement process, the valve on the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 remains open. The replacement process involves first replacing the gas with nitrogen, and then replacing the gas with hydrogen. That is, nitrogen is first used to replace the gas in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, and then hydrogen is used to replace the nitrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, finally making the inside of the hydrogen storage cylinder a pure hydrogen environment.

[0047] Specifically, during nitrogen purging, an exemplary method involves filling the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 with nitrogen to a set pressure, stopping the filling process, opening the venting line 10 to release the air, closing the venting control valve 11, and then repeating the filling-venting process five times. During hydrogen purging, the process is similar to that of nitrogen purging: first, fill the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 with hydrogen to a set pressure, then vent it, and then repeat the filling-venting process five times.

[0048] The aforementioned set pressure can be selected according to the specifications of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 and the design requirements of the hydrogen storage system. For example, in some implementations, the aforementioned set pressure can be around 5-6 MPa, and specifically, it can be 5 MPa, 5.5 MPa or 6 MPa, etc.

[0049] Based on the above displacement hydrogenation process, combined with Figure 3 As shown, the control method for hydrogen replacement and addition in the hydrogen storage system of this embodiment specifically includes the following steps.

[0050] Step s1: After the hydrogen storage system is installed and rolled off the production line, during the process of replacing and adding hydrogen to the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 is obtained, as well as the high pressure in the high pressure line 301 and the medium pressure in the medium pressure line 302 of the gas supply line 3 connecting the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 and the hydrogen usage device are obtained.

[0051] In step s1, to obtain the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, a feasible method is to check the density table by detecting the pressure and temperature inside the cylinder 1 to obtain the hydrogen density, and then multiply the hydrogen density by the volume of the cylinder 1 to obtain the hydrogen mass. Of course, when nitrogen is used as the filling gas, the mass of nitrogen can be obtained in a similar way, so that during the nitrogen replacement process, nitrogen can replace hydrogen, and the relevant fault judgment and output reporting can still be performed.

[0052] In addition, in specific implementation, the pressure and temperature inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 can be detected by pressure and temperature sensors installed on the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, and of course, the pressure can also be detected by the high pressure sensor 8.

[0053] Step s2: Based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure, determine the fault type of the hydrogen storage system and the replacement hydrogen refueling process of the hydrogen storage system.

[0054] In step s2, as an exemplary implementation, the above-mentioned determination of the fault category of the hydrogen storage system based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure may include, for example, the following: when the high pressure is lower than a preset high pressure threshold and when the medium pressure is lower than a preset medium pressure threshold, it is a first preset fault category; and when the hydrogen quantity is not lower than the threshold for entering the empty state (i.e., empty bottle state) and the medium pressure is not within the preset pressure range, it is a second preset fault category.

[0055] The first preset fault category refers to faults caused by the replacement operation during hydrogen replacement refueling. Specifically, this includes situations like high-pressure pressure falling below a preset high-pressure threshold and medium-pressure pressure falling below a preset medium-pressure threshold, as illustrated above. This occurs because venting is required during hydrogen replacement refueling, causing a pressure drop, resulting in both high-pressure and medium-pressure pressures falling below their preset thresholds. If a fault of this first preset category is reported during hydrogen replacement refueling, it will obviously cause a false alarm and lead to a power failure, affecting the vehicle's pure electric operation. Therefore, faults of the first preset fault category must be masked during hydrogen replacement refueling. Only after the hydrogen replacement refueling process is completed, i.e., after the hydrogen replacement refueling progress is confirmed as complete, can faults of the first preset fault category be reported.

[0056] Moreover, taking the aforementioned inflation pressure of 5-6 MPa during replacement as an example, in the first preset fault category, the preset high pressure threshold can be, for example, 2 MPa, and the preset medium pressure threshold can be, for example, 1.3 MPa.

[0057] The second preset fault category mentioned above refers to a fault caused by equipment (such as a pressure reducing valve) failure during the replacement hydrogenation process, and the hydrogen quantity in the example mentioned above is not lower than the threshold for entering the vent, and the medium pressure exceeds the preset pressure range. Specifically, in the hydrogen storage system, based on the setting of the pressure reducing valve 5, the normal pressure reducing valve 5 will reduce the pressure in the high pressure pipeline 301 to a certain pressure range (e.g., 1.8 ± 0.3 MPa). This pressure range is generally set during the design of the pressure reducing valve and is determined according to the selection of the pressure reducing valve 5.

[0058] However, when the high pressure is normal but the pressure reducing valve 5 malfunctions, the gas pressure after pressure reduction by the pressure reducing valve 5, i.e., the medium pressure, will deviate from the set pressure range. Therefore, when the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 is not lower than the threshold for venting, i.e., when there is still high pressure in the system, if the detected medium pressure is not within the preset pressure range, i.e., the medium pressure is greater than or lower than the preset pressure range, it indicates that the pressure reducing valve 5 has malfunctioned. This malfunction indicates that there is a structural fault in the hydrogen storage system itself, and it is not caused by the venting process. Therefore, the malfunction needs to be reported in a timely manner to output the corresponding warning information.

[0059] It should be noted that, in specific implementation, the above-mentioned venting threshold and preset pressure threshold in the second preset fault category can be set according to the system design and the selection of relevant components in the system.

[0060] In this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the following is continued... Figure 4 As shown, based on the settings of the counting module 1204 in the aforementioned controller 12, the determination of the hydrogen replacement process of the hydrogen storage system according to the acquired hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure specifically includes comparing the high pressure with a first preset pressure value, recording the number of times the high pressure exceeds the first preset pressure value during the hydrogen replacement process, and recording this number as the first count. Then, when the first count exceeds the first preset count, the hydrogen replacement process can be determined to be completed.

[0061] Specifically, as described above regarding the hydrogen replacement process of the hydrogen storage system, the replacement process of hydrogen storage cylinder 1 involves charging and discharging operations. For example, nitrogen is used to replace the air in the cylinder initially, and then hydrogen is used to replace the nitrogen. During the charging and discharging process, the first pressure value in the high-pressure pipeline 301, i.e., the high-pressure value, will reach a certain value. Therefore, the completion of the replacement process can be determined based on this high-pressure value.

[0062] Corresponding to each charging and discharging operation, the high-pressure in the high-pressure pipeline 301 will reach a certain value during each charging and discharging process. In this embodiment, a first preset pressure value is set, and the high-pressure is compared with this first preset pressure value to obtain the number of times the high-pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value during the hydrogen replacement process, i.e., the aforementioned first count. It can be understood that whenever the high-pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value, it indicates that one charging and discharging operation has been completed. That is, the first count represents the number of charging and discharging operations during the hydrogen replacement process. This count includes the number of nitrogen replacements and the number of hydrogen replacements. When the aforementioned first count reaches the set number, it can be considered that the hydrogen replacement process is complete. That is, the hydrogen replacement process obtained at this time is considered complete.

[0063] In this embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned judgment based on high pressure and the first count, as a preferred implementation, the determination of the hydrogen replacement process of the hydrogen storage system based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure may further include, for example, comparing the medium pressure with a second preset pressure value, recording the number of times the medium pressure exceeds the second preset pressure value during the hydrogen replacement process, and recording this number as the second count. Then, when the first count is greater than the first preset count, and / or the second count is greater than the second preset count, that is, as long as either one meets the set requirement, the hydrogen replacement process can be determined to be completed.

[0064] At this point, specifically, corresponding to the high pressure in the high-pressure pipeline 301, the medium pressure in the medium-pressure pipeline 302 will also reach a relatively accurate value during the replacement hydrogenation process. Therefore, the completion of replacement hydrogenation can also be determined based on this medium pressure.

[0065] Specifically, during the hydrogen replacement process, when the high-pressure pressure in the high-pressure pipeline 301 reaches a certain value, the medium-pressure pressure in the medium-pressure pipeline 302 will also reach a certain value. Understandably, whenever the high-pressure pressure exceeds the first preset pressure value, and / or the medium-pressure pressure exceeds the second preset pressure value, it indicates that one gas purging / discharging operation has been completed. That is, when the first count reaches a certain number, and / or the second count reaches a certain number, it indicates that the hydrogen replacement is complete. Of course, the first and second counts at this time include both nitrogen and hydrogen replacement counts.

[0066] In this embodiment, the combination of high-pressure and medium-pressure judgments, along with the use of counting to determine whether hydrogen replacement has been completed, improves the reliability of the determination. Furthermore, it should be noted that the first preset pressure value, the second preset pressure value, the first count, and the number of times the second count should be satisfied, as mentioned above, can all be set according to the actual usage scenario.

[0067] As mentioned earlier, the number of times the first and second counts should be satisfied can be 10. Furthermore, continuing with the example of an inflation pressure between 5-6 MPa during replacement, the first preset pressure value could be, for example, 4.5 MPa, and the second preset pressure value could be, for example, 1.5 MPa.

[0068] After determining the fault type and the hydrogen replacement and refueling process of the hydrogen storage system, this embodiment can then output a corresponding fault signal based on the determined replacement and refueling process and fault type. Specifically, this may include the following steps: Step s31: When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is the first preset fault category, then the first preset fault signal corresponding to the first preset fault category is not output.

[0069] In step s31, when the fault category is the first preset fault category and the hydrogen storage system has not completed the replacement and refueling, as mentioned above, in order to avoid falsely reporting the first preset fault category during the replacement and refueling process, which would cause the vehicle to lose power and affect the pure electric use of the vehicle, the first preset fault signal corresponding to the first preset fault category should not be output.

[0070] Step s32: When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is the second preset fault category, then immediately output the second preset fault signal corresponding to the second preset fault category.

[0071] In step s32, as mentioned above, the fault of the second preset fault category is a fault in a structural component of the system itself. Therefore, regardless of whether the hydrogen replacement is completed, it must be reported promptly to output relevant warning information and remind relevant personnel to handle the situation. Thus, when the system determines that the fault category is the second preset fault category, it must immediately output the second preset fault signal.

[0072] Step s33: When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process has been completed and the fault category is at least one of the first preset fault category and the second preset fault category, then immediately output the fault signal corresponding to at least one of the first preset fault signal and the second preset fault signal.

[0073] In step s33, the replacement hydrogenation process is complete, indicating that the replacement hydrogenation work is finished and the hydrogen storage system returns to normal operation. At this point, the reporting function for faults of the first preset fault category can be resumed, and of course, it should still be reported when a fault of the second preset fault category occurs. Therefore, if the system returns to normal after the replacement hydrogenation is completed, and an abnormal high pressure or medium pressure occurs again, it indicates that a system fault has occurred, and a fault signal corresponding to the determined fault category needs to be output, that is, relevant warning information needs to be output to remind relevant personnel to handle the situation.

[0074] It is worth noting that, after the aforementioned fault signal output step, especially when a fault of the second preset fault category exists, as a preferred embodiment, the control method in this example may further include storing parameter information corresponding to the second preset fault signal. In this case, storing the parameter information corresponding to the second preset fault signal after outputting the fault signal facilitates subsequent inspection and maintenance, thereby improving the convenience of system maintenance.

[0075] Depending on the specific application scenario, the stored parameter information may include, for example, the type of fault, the time of occurrence, the number of times the fault occurred, the pressure values ​​of the high-pressure pipeline and the medium-pressure pipeline that occurred.

[0076] The hydrogen storage system and its replacement hydrogen refueling control method in this embodiment adopt the above design. During the replacement hydrogen refueling process, the fault detection function of the hydrogen storage controller remains active, ensuring the system's ability to monitor replacement hydrogen refueling effectively. Simultaneously, by determining the fault types and progress of the replacement hydrogen refueling process, and adopting appropriate fault output reporting methods based on these factors, this embodiment avoids incorrectly reporting unnecessary faults and prevents the masking of inherent system faults. This enhances the safety of the hydrogen storage system during replacement hydrogen refueling and demonstrates excellent application results. Example 2

[0077] This embodiment relates to a vehicle equipped with the hydrogen storage system described in Embodiment 1.

[0078] In this embodiment, the vehicle is preferably a commercial vehicle, but it can also be any other vehicle model that uses a hydrogen fuel cell. Furthermore, by incorporating the hydrogen storage system described in Embodiment 1, the vehicle in this embodiment can avoid falsely reporting unnecessary faults during the hydrogen replacement and refueling process, and can also avoid masking faults inherent in the system itself. This improves the safety of the hydrogen storage system during the hydrogen replacement and refueling process, thus demonstrating excellent application results.

[0079] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: It includes a hydrogen storage cylinder (1), an inflation pipeline (2) connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage cylinder (1), a gas supply pipeline (3) connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage cylinder (1), and a controller (12). The gas supply line (3) is used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen use device (4). The gas supply line (3) is equipped with a pressure reducing valve (5). The pressure reducing valve (5) divides the gas supply line (3) into a high-pressure line (301) and a medium-pressure line (302). The gas supply line (3) is connected in parallel to a vent line (10) that is connected to the atmosphere. The vent line (10) is equipped with a vent control valve (11). The controller (12) includes an acquisition module (1201), a determination module (1202), an output module (1203), and a counting module (1204). The acquisition module (1201) is used to acquire the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder (1) during the replacement and hydrogenation process of the hydrogen storage cylinder (1) in the hydrogen storage system, as well as to acquire the high pressure in the high pressure pipeline (301) and the medium pressure in the medium pressure pipeline (302). The counting module (1204) is used to record the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value and the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value during the displacement hydrogenation process; The determining module (1202) is used to determine the fault type of the hydrogen storage system and the replacement hydrogen refueling process of the hydrogen storage system based on the acquired hydrogen quantity, the high pressure and the medium pressure. It is also used to determine that the replacement hydrogen refueling process is completed when the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value is greater than the first preset number and the number of times the medium pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value is greater than the second preset number. The output module (1203) is configured to: when the determining module (1202) determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a first preset fault category, not output a first preset fault signal corresponding to the first preset fault category; when the determining module (1202) determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a second preset fault category, immediately output a second preset fault signal corresponding to the second preset fault category; and when the determining module (1202) determines that the replacement hydrogenation process is complete and the fault category is at least one of the first preset fault category and the second preset fault category, immediately output a fault signal corresponding to the at least one of the first preset fault signal and the second preset fault signal. The first preset fault category is a fault caused by the displacement operation during the displacement hydrogenation process, and the second preset fault category is a fault caused by equipment failure during the displacement hydrogenation process. Based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure, the fault category of the hydrogen storage system is determined, including: When the high pressure is lower than a preset high pressure threshold, and when the medium pressure is lower than a preset medium pressure threshold, it is the first preset fault category; When the hydrogen quantity is not lower than the threshold for venting and the medium pressure is not within the preset pressure range, it is classified as the second preset fault category.

2. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation pipeline (2) is equipped with an inflation control valve (7); and / or, The gas supply pipeline (3) is equipped with a filter (6), which is located between the hydrogen storage cylinder (1) and the pressure reducing valve (5).

3. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply pipeline (3) is equipped with a high-pressure sensor (8) located on the inlet side of the pressure reducing valve (5) and a medium-pressure sensor (9) located on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve (5). The acquisition module (1201) acquires the high-pressure pressure through the high-pressure sensor (8) and the medium-pressure pressure through the medium-pressure sensor (9); and / or, The connection point between the venting line (10) and the gas supply line (3) is located between the pressure reducing valve (5) and the hydrogen usage device (4).

4. A control method for hydrogen replacement in a hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: During the process of replacing and adding hydrogen to the hydrogen storage cylinder (1) in the hydrogen storage system, the amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder (1) is obtained, as well as the high pressure in the high pressure pipeline (301) and the medium pressure in the medium pressure pipeline (302) of the gas supply pipeline (3) connecting the hydrogen storage cylinder (1) and the hydrogen use device are obtained. Based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure, the fault type of the hydrogen storage system and the replacement hydrogen refueling process of the hydrogen storage system are determined. When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is a first preset fault category, then the first preset fault signal corresponding to the first preset fault category is not output. When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process is incomplete and the fault category is the second preset fault category, then the second preset fault signal corresponding to the second preset fault category is immediately output. When it is determined that the replacement hydrogenation process has been completed and the fault category is at least one of the first preset fault category and the second preset fault category, then the fault signal corresponding to the at least one of the first preset fault signal and the second preset fault signal is immediately output. The first preset fault category is a fault caused by the displacement operation during the displacement hydrogenation process, and the second preset fault category is a fault caused by equipment failure during the displacement hydrogenation process.

5. The control method for hydrogen replacement and addition in a hydrogen storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of determining the replacement hydrogen replenishment process of the hydrogen storage system based on the obtained hydrogen quantity, high pressure, and medium pressure further includes: The high pressure is compared with a first preset pressure value, and the number of times the high pressure is greater than the first preset pressure value during the displacement hydrogenation process is recorded, and this number is recorded as the first time. The intermediate pressure is compared with the second preset pressure value, and the number of times the intermediate pressure is greater than the second preset pressure value during the displacement hydrogenation process is recorded, and this number is recorded as the second count. When the first number of times is greater than the first preset number of times, and the second number of times is greater than the second preset number of times, the displacement hydrogenation process is considered complete.

6. The control method for hydrogen replacement and addition in a hydrogen storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control method further includes: Store the parameter information corresponding to the second preset fault signal.

7. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with a hydrogen storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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