A tension type binding structure and binding scheme for ocean transportation of large structures

Abstract

The application provides a tension type binding structure and a binding scheme for ocean transportation of large structures. The binding structure is divided into two parts, the upper part limits the displacement of the upper part of the large structure through limiting strips and connecting ropes, the lower part limits the displacement of the bottom through limiting bases and flexible hinges, the middle part forms a tension structure unit through pull hook ropes and hinged rods, and the auxiliary support structure limits the horizontal displacement through bridge locks, support rods and rubber pads and forms self-locking. The binding scheme includes two steps of installing the binding structure and the auxiliary support structure, which can effectively limit the three-way displacement of the large structure and ensure the safety of ocean transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ocean shipping technology for large structures, specifically a tensioning and binding structure and binding scheme for ocean shipping of large structures. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ocean shipping of large structures, ships are subject to complex swaying due to factors such as waves and wind during transportation, which can easily cause longitudinal, lateral, or vertical displacement of large structures, and even lead to safety accidents due to collisions with the hull or failure of lashing devices. Existing lashing technology mainly relies on a combination of rigid supports and fixing rigging, which has some significant drawbacks.

[0003] Traditional rigid lashing structures lack a buffer mechanism, and instantaneous impact loads are generated between the structure and the lashing device when the ship rolls, which can easily cause component fracture or surface damage to the structure. Existing solutions are difficult to simultaneously restrict three-dimensional displacement, especially the dynamic displacement constraint effect in the horizontal direction (lateral and longitudinal), and the structure may sideslip or capsize due to inertial forces. Traditional lashing requires on-site adjustment of the tension of multiple sets of rigging, which is cumbersome and highly dependent on the experience of operators, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid loading of large structures. Under high sea states, rigid systems cannot absorb energy through flexible deformation, and the connection may loosen due to continuous vibration, posing a risk of lashing failure.

[0004] Therefore, developing a tensioned binding structure and solution that combines flexible buffering, multi-directional limiting, and efficient installation characteristics to solve the above problems is of great significance for improving the safety and reliability of large structures in ocean transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tensioned binding structure and binding scheme for ocean transport of large structures. The tensioned binding structure restricts the displacement of large structures in all directions, and the auxiliary support structure further restricts the horizontal displacement of the structures. The binding scheme is implemented using a simple binding combination.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a tension-type lashing structure and lashing scheme for ocean transport of large structures, including a large structure, wherein the large structure is lashed in the lashing structure, the lashing structure restricts the three-dimensional displacement of the large structure, the large structure is placed on the ship's deck through a limiting base, and the large structure is connected to an auxiliary support structure through a bridge lock and rubber pad, the auxiliary support structure being connected to the ship's deck.

[0007] The binding structure is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is a column structure with limiting strips. Four limiting strips are placed on each side edge of the large structure. The limiting strips are L-shaped and are placed only at the corners of the large structure and in contact with them. One end of the limiting strip has a connecting hole and the other end has a hinge node. The connecting cable passes through the connecting hole. The connecting cable only passes through the connecting hole and is not tied to the connecting hole. The connecting cable is always under tension and pulls the multiple limiting strips towards the center. A hook hole is provided on the side of the limiting strip.

[0008] The lower half of the lashing structure is provided with a limiting base, which is placed on the deck of the ship. It has hook holes and hinge nodes on the top. There are four sets of hook holes and hinge nodes, which are equidistantly arranged on the same straight line. The limiting base is provided with a flexible hinge, which connects to another limiting base. Multiple limiting bases are connected end to end by flexible hinges to restrict the bottom displacement of large structures.

[0009] The binding structure has a hook cable in the middle, and each end of the hook cable has a hook structure, which connects the limiting strip and the limiting base. The limiting strip and the limiting base are also connected by a hinged rod through a hinged node. The hinged rod has a fixed length and is hinged to the two hinged nodes. After the hook cable, hinged rod and limiting base are installed, they form an obtuse triangle, forming a tension structure unit. Multiple tension structure units, connecting cables and limiting bases together form a complete tension structure.

[0010] The hook structure consists of three parts: hook hole, hook, and hook cable. The hook hole is located on the limiting strip and the limiting base, respectively. The hook can be hooked into the hook hole. The hook cable has some elasticity and is connected to the end of the hook.

[0011] The auxiliary support structure is installed between the hull deck and the large structure. A bridge lock is installed on the large structure. The bridge lock is connected to one end of the mooring cable, and the other end of the mooring cable is connected to the hull deck. A fixed node is installed on the hull deck, and a strut is installed on the fixed node. The strut is pivotally hinged around the fixed node. A movable node is installed at the other end of the strut. The strut is pivotally hinged around the movable node. A rubber pad is installed on the movable node, and the rubber pad is in contact with the side of the large structure.

[0012] The auxiliary support structure consists of four sets, which are installed around the large structure. The friction coefficient μ of the rubber pad is greater than the sine value of the self-locking limit angle, thus forming a self-locking structure. The multiple auxiliary support structures self-lock and assist in limiting the displacement of the structure.

[0013] A tensioning and lashing scheme for large structures in ocean shipping includes the following steps: Step a: Load the large structure, place the limiting strip on top, place the limiting base around the perimeter, install the hinge rod between the corresponding hinge nodes, connect the hook cable between the corresponding hook holes, and after all connections are made, install the connecting cable and tension it to complete the installation of the binding structure. Step b: Install bridge locks at the corner joints of the large structure, connect mooring lines to the bridge locks and attach them to the ship's deck, place the movable nodes of the struts pre-installed on the ship's deck on the side of the large structure, and adjust the angle of the movable nodes to form a self-locking mechanism.

[0014] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Through the synergistic effect of the upper and lower parts of the binding structure, the upper part of the limiting strip and the connecting cable form a tension constraint, which restricts the horizontal displacement of the upper part of the large structure; the lower part of the limiting base is connected end to end by a flexible hinge, and the tension unit formed by the hook cable and the hinge rod can effectively restrict the three-dimensional displacement at the bottom, thus realizing multi-directional constraint on the structure. (2) The lashing cable passes through the lashing hole without being tied, and the hook cable is elastic, which can absorb the impact energy through flexible deformation when the ship is rocking, avoid stress concentration caused by rigid connection, and improve the durability of the lashing system. (3) The friction coefficient μ of the rubber pad in the auxiliary support structure is greater than the sine value of the self-locking limit angle. Reliable self-locking can be formed by adjusting the angle of the movable node. Combined with the connection between the bridge lock and the cable, it significantly enhances the ability to limit the horizontal displacement of large structures. (4) The binding structure adopts a modular design. Components such as limit strips and limit bases can be quickly assembled and standardized connections are achieved through hinge nodes and hook structures. The binding scheme is completed in two steps with a clear operation process, which greatly reduces the complexity of on-site installation and improves the efficiency of transportation preparation. (5) The flexible hinge and elastic hook cable make the lashing system have a certain dynamic adaptability, which can better cope with the complex working conditions such as hull swaying and heeling caused by waves in ocean transportation, and ensure the stability and safety of large structures during transportation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tensioning and binding scheme for ocean transport of large structures according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the upper part of the binding structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the limiting base of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower half of the binding structure of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the auxiliary support structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the contact area between the auxiliary support structure of the present invention and a large structure.

[0016] The markings in the image are as follows: 1-Large structure, 2-Binding structure, 3-Auxiliary support structure, 201-Limiting strip, 202-Hook hole, 203-Hinged node, 204-Connecting hole, 205-Connecting cable, 206-Limiting base, 207-Flexible hinge, 208-Hinged rod, 209-Hook cable, 210-Hook, 301-Moving node, 302-Support rod, 303-Fixed node, 304-Tethering cable, 305-Bridge lock, 306-Rubber pad, A-Hook structure. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the large structure 1 is tied in the tying structure 2, which restricts the three-dimensional displacement of the large structure 1. The large structure 1 is placed on the ship deck through the limiting base 206. The large structure 1 is connected to the auxiliary support structure 3 through the bridge lock 305 and the rubber pad 306. The auxiliary support structure 3 is connected to the ship deck.

[0020] like Figure 2As shown, the binding structure 2 is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is a column structure consisting of limiting strips 201. Four limiting strips 201 are placed on each side edge of the upper part of the large structure 1. The limiting strips 201 are L-shaped and are placed only at the corners of the large structure 1 and in contact with them. One end of the limiting strip 201 is provided with a connecting hole 204, and the other end is provided with a hinge node 203. A connecting cable 205 passes through the connecting hole 204. The connecting cable 205 only passes through the connecting hole 204 and is not tied to the connecting hole 204. The connecting cable 205 is continuously in a taut state and pulls the multiple limiting strips 201 towards the center. A hook hole 202 is provided on the side of the limiting strip 201.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, the lower half of the binding structure 2 is provided with a limiting base 206. The limiting base 206 is placed on the deck of the ship and has hook holes 202 and hinge nodes 203 on the top. There are four sets of hook holes 202 and hinge nodes 203, which are equidistantly arranged on the same straight line. The limiting base 206 is provided with a flexible hinge 207. The flexible hinge 207 connects to another limiting base 206. Multiple limiting bases 206 are connected end to end through flexible hinges 207 to restrict the bottom displacement of the large structure 1.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, the binding structure 2 has a hook cable 209 in the middle, and a hook structure A is provided at each end of the hook cable 209. The hook structure A is connected between the limiting strip 201 and the limiting base 206. The limiting strip 201 and the limiting base 206 are also connected by a hinged node 203. The hinged rod 208 has a fixed length and is hinged to the two hinged nodes 203. After the hook cable 209, the hinged rod 208 and the limiting base 206 are installed, they form an obtuse triangle, forming a tension structure unit. Multiple tension structure units, connecting cables 205 and limiting bases 206 together form a complete tension structure.

[0023] like Figure 5 As shown, the hook structure A is divided into three parts: hook hole 202, hook 210, and hook cable 209. Hook hole 202 is provided on limit bar 201 and limit base 206 respectively. Hook 210 can be hooked into hook hole 202. Hook cable 209 has a part of elasticity and is connected to the end of hook 210.

[0024] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the auxiliary support structure 3 is installed between the hull deck and the large structure 1. A bridge lock 305 is installed on the large structure 1. The bridge lock 305 is connected to one end of the mooring cable 304, and the other end of the mooring cable 304 is connected to the hull deck. A fixed node 303 is installed on the deck of the ship. A strut 302 is installed on the fixed node 303. The strut 302 is pivotally hinged around the fixed node 303. A movable node 301 is installed on the other end of the strut 302. The strut 302 is pivotally hinged around the movable node 301. A rubber pad 306 is installed on the movable node 301. The rubber pad 306 contacts the side of the large structure 1.

[0025] There are four sets of auxiliary support structures 3, which are installed around the large structure 1. The friction coefficient μ of the rubber pad 306 is greater than the sine value of the self-locking limit angle, so the structure forms a self-locking mechanism. The multiple auxiliary support structures 3 self-lock and assist in limiting the displacement of the structure.

[0026] A tensioning and lashing scheme for large structures in ocean shipping includes the following steps: Step a: Load the large structure 1, place the limiting strip 201 on top, place the limiting base 206 around the perimeter, install the hinge rod 208 between the corresponding hinge nodes 203, connect the hook cable 209 between the corresponding hook holes 202, and after all connections are made, install the connecting cable 205 and tension it to complete the installation of the binding structure 2. Step b: Install bridge lock 305 at the corner connection of large structure 1, connect mooring cable 304 to bridge lock 305 and connect it to the hull deck, place the movable node 301 of the support rod 302 pre-installed on the hull deck on the side of large structure 1, and adjust the angle of movable node 301 to form self-locking.

[0027] This invention achieves precise limitation and flexible buffering of three-dimensional displacement of large structures through the innovative design of a tensioned binding structure and an auxiliary support structure. The modular design of the binding structure and the mechanical construction of the tensioning unit ensure the reliability of multi-directional constraints and enhance adaptability under complex sea conditions by dispersing stress through elastic elements and flexible hinges; the self-locking mechanism design of the auxiliary support structure further enhances the horizontal limiting capability. The entire solution combines ease of installation with dynamic stability, effectively solving the problems of stress concentration and insufficient limiting in traditional rigid binding, and providing a safe and efficient technical solution for the ocean transportation of large structures.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the descriptions in the foregoing specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, and various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope; all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

[0029] The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tensioning and binding structure for ocean transport of large structures, characterized in that: Includes a large structure (1), which is lashed in a lashing structure (2) that restricts the three-dimensional displacement of the large structure (1). The large structure (1) is placed on the ship's deck via a limiting base (206). The large structure (1) is connected to an auxiliary support structure (3) via a bridge lock (305) and a rubber pad (306). The auxiliary support structure (3) is connected to the ship's deck. The binding structure (2) is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is a column structure with a limiting strip (201). Four limiting strips (201) are placed on each side edge of the large structure (1). The limiting strips (201) are L-shaped. The limiting strips (201) are placed only at the corners of the large structure (1) and in contact with it. One end of the limiting strip (201) is provided with a connecting hole (204) and the other end is provided with a hinge node (203). The connecting cable (205) passes through the connecting hole (204). The connecting cable (205) only passes through the connecting hole (204) and is not tied to the connecting hole (204). The connecting cable (205) is continuously in a tensioned state and pulls the multiple limiting strips (201) towards the center. A hook hole (202) is provided on the side of the limiting strip (201). The lower half of the binding structure (2) is provided with a limiting base (206). The limiting base (206) is placed on the deck of the ship. It is provided with hook holes (202) and hinge nodes (203) on the top. There are four sets of hook holes (202) and hinge nodes (203), which are equidistantly arranged on the same straight line. The limiting base (206) is provided with a flexible hinge (207). The flexible hinge (207) connects to another limiting base (206). Multiple limiting bases (206) are connected end to end through flexible hinges (207) to restrict the bottom displacement of the large structure (1). The binding structure (2) is provided with a hook cable (209) in the middle. The hook cable (209) is provided with a hook structure (A) at both ends and is connected between the limiting strip (201) and the limiting base (206) through the hook structure (A). The limiting strip (201) and the limiting base (206) are also connected by a hinge rod (208) through a hinge node (203). The hinge rod (208) has a fixed length and is hinged on the two hinge nodes (203). The hook cable (209), the hinge rod (208) and the limiting base (206) form an obtuse triangle after installation, forming a tension structure unit. Multiple tension structure units, connecting cables (205) and limiting bases (206) together form a complete tension structure. The auxiliary support structure (3) is installed between the hull deck and the large structure (1). A bridge lock (305) is installed on the large structure (1). The bridge lock (305) is connected to one end of the mooring cable (304), and the other end of the mooring cable (304) is connected to the hull deck. A fixed node (303) is installed on the hull deck. A strut (302) is installed on the fixed node (303). The strut (302) is pivotally hinged around the fixed node (303). A movable node (301) is installed at the other end of the strut (302). The strut (302) is pivotally hinged around the movable node (301). A rubber pad (306) is installed on the movable node (301). The rubber pad (306) contacts the side of the large structure (1).

2. The tensioning and binding structure for ocean transport of large structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hook structure (A) is divided into three parts: hook hole (202), hook (210) and hook cable (209). The hook hole (202) is respectively provided on the limiting strip (201) and the limiting base (206). The hook (210) can be hooked into the hook hole (202). The hook cable (209) has a certain elasticity and is connected to the end of the hook (210).

3. The tensioning and binding structure for ocean transport of large structures as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary support structure (3) consists of four groups, which are installed around the large structure (1). The friction coefficient μ of the rubber pad (306) is greater than the sine value of the self-locking limit angle, so the structure forms a self-locking mechanism. The multiple auxiliary support structures (3) self-lock and assist in limiting the displacement of the structure.

4. A tensioning and lashing scheme for ocean transport of large structures, employing the tensioning and lashing structure for ocean transport of large structures as described in any one of claims 1-3, comprising the following steps: Step a, load the large structure (1), place the limiting strip (201) on top, place the limiting base (206) around the perimeter, install the hinge rod (208) between the corresponding hinge nodes (203), connect the hook cable (209) between the corresponding hook holes (202), after all connections are made, install the connecting cable (205) and tension it to complete the installation of the binding structure (2); Step b, install bridge lock (305) at the corner connection of the large structure (1), connect mooring cable (304) to bridge lock (305) and connect it to the hull deck, place the movable node (301) of the strut (302) pre-installed on the hull deck on the side of the large structure (1), and adjust the angle of the movable node (301) to form a self-locking mechanism.

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