Anti-floating structure, anti-floating system and construction method of anti-floating system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of underground building construction, and discloses an anti-floating structure, an anti-floating system and a construction method of the anti-floating system. The anti-floating system is arranged on a basement bottom plate and comprises a first mounting port. A drainage layer is arranged on the basement bottom plate, a plurality of drainage pipes are arranged in the drainage layer, a plurality of water inlets which are communicated with the drainage layer are arranged on the drainage pipes, one end of the drainage pipe is communicated with a water collecting well, a containing barrel is arranged in the first mounting port, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged on the containing barrel, the water inlet is communicated with underground water, a first filter is arranged in the containing barrel, the first filter is communicated with the water inlet, a second filter is arranged on the outer periphery of the containing barrel, a structure plate is arranged on the drainage layer, a fixing plate is arranged on the top of the containing barrel, and the top surface of the fixing plate is flush with the top surface of the structure plate. The embodiment is simple and easy to implement, and solves the technical problems that the soil particles in the underground water block the drainage channel, that the maintenance needs to be carried out regularly, and that the maintenance process is complicated and the cost is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground construction technology, and in particular to an anti-buoyancy structure, an anti-buoyancy system, and a construction method for the anti-buoyancy system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in areas with high groundwater levels, buoyancy resistance is a crucial issue when constructing underground buildings. To prevent structural damage caused by the buoyancy of groundwater and resulting in significant economic losses, buoyancy resistance measures must be implemented during construction. Traditional buoyancy resistance schemes generally fall into two categories: "compression," which uses backfill materials or relies on the structure's own weight to balance the buoyancy of groundwater; and "tension," which uses anti-uplift piles or anti-buoyancy anchors at the foundation bottom to prevent the structure from floating. However, these buoyancy resistance measures are based on the overall building structure. While they prevent the entire building from floating, when the buoyancy of groundwater exceeds the bearing capacity of the basement floor slab, the basement floor slab bulges and cracks, allowing groundwater to seep into the basement and affecting its normal use.

[0003] Repairing cracks and water seepage in basement floors typically involves sealing the cracks with materials like epoxy resin. However, this method only provides temporary relief, leaving the basement floor at risk of cracking again, necessitating repeated repairs. Therefore, current technology often employs a combined approach of prevention and drainage. This involves laying a drainage layer on the floor to guide groundwater into a sump, reducing groundwater pressure. A waterproof layer is then installed on top of the drainage layer to prevent groundwater seepage and its impact on basement usability. However, leaking groundwater contains soil particles that can clog drainage channels within the drainage layer. This requires regular maintenance of these channels, and clearing them necessitates identifying the blockage before removing both the drainage and waterproof layers. The maintenance process is cumbersome, costly, and disrupts the normal use of the basement during maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that in the prior art, soil particles in groundwater can clog drainage channels, which not only requires regular maintenance of the drainage channels, but also involves a complicated and costly maintenance process, and affects the normal use of the basement during the maintenance period.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an anti-buoyancy structure, which is installed on the basement floor slab. The anti-buoyancy structure includes:

[0006] The first installation opening is located at the crack in the basement floor slab;

[0007] The drainage layer is set on the basement floor slab. Multiple drainage pipes are installed in the drainage layer. Multiple water inlet holes are set on the drainage pipes and connected to the drainage layer. One end of the drainage pipe is connected to the sump.

[0008] The first installation port extends upward through the drainage layer. A container is installed inside the first installation port. The container is equipped with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the groundwater.

[0009] The container is equipped with a first filter element, which is connected to the inlet and located below the outlet.

[0010] The outer periphery of the container is fitted with a second filter element, and the inner side of the second filter element is connected to the water outlet, while the outer side of the second filter element is connected to the drainage layer.

[0011] Preferably, the first filter element includes a first filter layer, a second filter layer is disposed on the first filter layer, the first filter layer is connected to the water inlet, and the pore size of the first filter layer is larger than the pore size of the second filter layer.

[0012] Preferably, the second filter element includes a third filter layer, wherein the pore size of the third filter layer is smaller than that of the second filter layer.

[0013] Preferably, a baffle plate is provided on the top of the first filter element, the outer periphery of the baffle plate is attached to the inner wall of the receiving tank, and the baffle plate is lower than the water outlet.

[0014] The container is also equipped with vertically arranged spring components. The bottom of the spring components is connected to the baffle plate, and the top of the spring components is connected to the top of the container.

[0015] Preferably, the container includes a vertically arranged annular wall, a bottom cover is provided at the bottom of the wall, a top cover is provided at the top of the wall, and the edge of the top cover extends horizontally to the outside of the wall.

[0016] A ring-shaped mounting plate is fitted around the outer perimeter of the barrel wall. The mounting plate and the top cover are arranged vertically at intervals. The second filter element is set in the interval between the mounting plate and the top cover.

[0017] Preferably, the mounting plate is provided with a first connecting hole, which extends upward and penetrates the second filter element and the top cover, and the basement floor is provided with a second connecting hole corresponding to the first connecting hole;

[0018] A screw is installed in the first connecting hole, and the screw is inserted downward into the second connecting hole and threadedly connected to the basement floor slab.

[0019] An anti-buoyancy system includes an anti-buoyancy structure, and the anti-buoyancy system further includes:

[0020] Structural slabs are installed on the drainage layer;

[0021] The structural plate is provided with a second mounting port corresponding to the first mounting port;

[0022] A fixing plate is provided on the top of the container, which is used to block the second installation port;

[0023] The anti-buoyancy structure is inserted into the first and second mounting ports, with the top surface of the fixing plate flush with the top surface of the structural plate.

[0024] Preferably, the fixing plate is provided with a third connecting hole, and the screw passes through the third connecting hole and the first connecting hole in sequence and is then inserted into the second connecting hole, and is threadedly connected to the basement floor slab.

[0025] Preferably, the anti-buoyancy system further includes a waterstop steel plate, which comprises two horizontally arranged arched plates. The ends of the two arched plates abut against each other to form a ring that matches the cross-sectional shape of the concrete column. The two arched plates are spliced ​​and fixed to the reinforcing cage of the concrete column, and the waterstop steel plate is cast inside the structural slab.

[0026] A construction method for an anti-buoyancy system, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. Break through the cracks in the basement floor slab;

[0028] S2. Lay the drainage layer and drainage pipes;

[0029] S3. Remove the protective layer of the concrete column and weld the water-stop steel plate to the reinforcing cage.

[0030] S4. Casting structural slabs;

[0031] S5. Install anti-buoyancy structure.

[0032] Compared with existing technologies, the anti-buoyancy structure, anti-buoyancy system, and construction method of the anti-buoyancy system of this invention have the following advantages:

[0033] An anti-buoyancy structure according to an embodiment of the present invention involves setting a first installation opening at a crack in the basement floor slab, and placing a receiving tank inside the first installation opening. Groundwater enters the basement through the inlet and outlet of the receiving tank, connecting the groundwater with the basement interior. This allows groundwater to flow directly into the basement through the first installation opening and the receiving tank when the groundwater pressure is high. By actively releasing pressure at the original crack, the pressure of groundwater on the basement floor slab is reduced, thereby protecting the basement floor slab. A drainage layer with internally laid drainage pipes is provided on the basement floor slab. The drainage pipes have multiple inlet holes, allowing groundwater entering the basement to flow into the drainage layer. The water is piped in and then guided through a drain pipe into a collection well, preventing groundwater from accumulating in the basement and affecting its use. To prevent sand and gravel impurities in the groundwater from clogging the drainage channels in the drainage layer, a first filter is installed at the inlet of the container, and a second filter is installed at the outlet. Before entering the basement, the groundwater must be filtered by the first and second filters to remove sand and gravel impurities and prevent clogging of the drainage channels in the drainage layer. This solves the technical problem in existing technologies where soil particles in the groundwater clog the drainage channels, requiring regular maintenance, which is cumbersome, costly, and disrupts the normal use of the basement during maintenance.

[0034] An anti-buoyancy system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes multiple anti-buoyancy structures. By installing anti-buoyancy structures on the basement floor slab, groundwater is actively depressurized and discharged, protecting the basement floor slab from damage. Simultaneously, the groundwater is filtered to prevent blockage of the drainage channels in the drainage layer. For convenient use of the basement, a structural slab is installed on top of the drainage layer, and a waterproof layer is laid on the structural slab. The structural slab and waterproof layer completely isolate the groundwater in the drainage layer to meet the daily use of the basement. At the same time, to prevent groundwater from entering the area above the structural slab through the installation openings of the anti-buoyancy structures, a fixing plate is installed on top of the anti-buoyancy structures. The fixing plate seals the installation openings on the structural slab, preventing groundwater from entering the area above the structural slab and avoiding stress concentration at the installation openings, which could reduce the load-bearing capacity of the structural slab.

[0035] This invention discloses a construction method for an anti-buoyancy system. By installing an anti-buoyancy system on the basement floor slab, the system actively depressurizes and discharges groundwater, protecting the basement floor slab from damage. Simultaneously, it filters the groundwater to prevent blockage of drainage channels in the drainage layer. Furthermore, a structural slab is installed to isolate groundwater, facilitating the use of the basement. To prevent groundwater from seeping upwards through the joint between the structural slab and the concrete columns, causing dampness and peeling at the column base, a water-stop steel plate is installed at the bottom of the concrete column. The water-stop steel plate is fixed to the reinforcing cage of the concrete column and cast into the structural slab to block upward groundwater seepage, further enhancing the anti-buoyancy system's isolation of groundwater.

[0036] The anti-buoyancy structure, anti-buoyancy system, and construction method of the anti-buoyancy system of this invention are simple and easy to implement. They solve the technical problems in the prior art where soil particles in groundwater block drainage channels, requiring regular maintenance of drainage channels, and the maintenance process is cumbersome, costly, and affects the normal use of basements during maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-buoyancy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-buoyancy structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a top view of the anti-buoyancy structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a front view of the container bucket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a top view of the container bucket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the container bucket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of cracking in the basement floor slab according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage layer configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage layer and structural plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a plan view of the anti-buoyancy system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In the diagram, 1. Basement floor slab; 11. First mounting port; 2. Drainage layer; 3. Drainage pipe; 31. Water inlet; 4. Container tank; 41. Tank wall; 42. Bottom cover; 43. Top cover; 44. Mounting plate; 45. Baffle; 46. Spring component; 5. Water inlet; 6. Water outlet; 7. First filter element; 71. First filter layer; 72. Second filter layer; 73. Geotextile; 8. Second filter element; 81. Third filter layer; 10. First connecting hole; 12. Screw; 13. Structural plate; 131. Third mounting port; 14. Fixing plate; 141. Third connecting hole; 15. Water-stop steel plate; 16. Concrete column; 161. Reinforcing cage; 17. Lower fixing block; 18. Upper fixing block; 19. Fixing ring; 20. Rubber pad layer; 21. Crack; 22. Sump. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and other terms used in this invention to indicate the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0050] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this invention to describe various types of information, but these terms are not limited to them; they are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-buoyancy structure installed on a basement floor slab 1. The anti-buoyancy structure includes a first installation opening 11, located at a crack in the basement floor slab 1, formed by removing concrete from the crack. A drainage layer 2 is installed on the basement floor slab 1, containing multiple drainage pipes 3. Each drainage pipe 3 has multiple inlet holes 31 communicating with the drainage layer 2. One end of each drainage pipe 3 is connected to a collection well 22. In this embodiment, the drainage layer 2 is a gravel layer, and groundwater entering the gravel layer exists in the gaps between the gravel stones. Multiple drainage pipes 3 are present, with one end connected to a second filter element 8 and the other end connected to the collection well. The drainage pipes 3 are constructed using pipe... A PVC pipe with perforated walls has an inlet hole 31 arranged along its entire length. Groundwater in the gaps between gravel enters the PVC pipe and flows along it to the collection well 22. The perforated PVC pipe guides and transmits the groundwater in the gravel layer. A first installation port 11 extends upward through the drainage layer 2. A container 4 is installed inside the first installation port 11. The container 4 is equipped with an inlet 5 and an outlet 6. The inlet 5 is connected to the groundwater. A first filter element 7 is installed inside the container 4. The first filter element 7 is connected to the inlet 5 and is located below the outlet 6. A second filter element 8 is fitted around the outer periphery of the container 4. The inner side of the second filter element 8 is connected to the outlet 6, and the outer side of the second filter element 8 is connected to the drainage layer 2.

[0053] An anti-buoyancy structure according to an embodiment of the present invention provides a first installation port 11 at a crack in the basement floor slab 1, and a receiving tank 4 is installed inside the first installation port 11 to connect groundwater with the basement. Groundwater can flow into the basement through the first installation port 11 and the receiving tank 4. By actively depressurizing at the original crack, the pressure of groundwater on the basement floor slab 1 is reduced, thereby protecting the basement floor slab 1. A drainage layer 2 with internally laid drainage pipes 3 is provided on the basement floor slab 1. Groundwater entering the basement is guided into a collection well through the drainage pipes 3, preventing groundwater from accumulating in the basement and affecting the ground. The use of the basement: In order to prevent sand and gravel impurities in the groundwater from clogging the drainage channels in the drainage layer 2, a first filter element 7 is installed at the inlet 5 of the container 4, and a second filter element 8 is installed at the outlet 6 of the container 4. Before the groundwater enters the basement, it needs to be filtered by the first filter element 7 and the second filter element 8 to remove sand and gravel impurities and avoid clogging the drainage channels in the drainage layer 2. This solves the technical problem in the prior art that soil particles in the groundwater will clog the drainage channels, which not only requires regular maintenance of the drainage channels, but also has a complicated maintenance process, high cost, and affects the normal use of the basement during maintenance.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figures 2 to 6As shown, the container 4 is a steel cylinder, comprising a vertically arranged annular wall 41. A bottom cover 42 is provided at the bottom of the wall 41. Both the wall 41 and the bottom cover 42 are made of permeable steel plates, i.e., steel plates with a plurality of permeable holes evenly distributed. The permeable holes below the basement floor 1 are inlets 5, and the permeable holes above the basement floor 1 are outlets 6. A top cover 43 is provided at the top of the wall 41, with the edge of the top cover 43 extending horizontally to the outer side of the wall 41. An annular mounting plate 44 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the wall 41, and the mounting plate 44 and the top cover 43 are arranged vertically at intervals. In this embodiment of the invention, the mounting plate 44 is an annular plate, welded and fixed to the outer periphery of the wall 41. The second filter element 8 is disposed within the gap between the mounting plate 44 and the top cover 43. During installation, the bottom surface of the mounting plate 44 abuts against the top surface of the basement floor 1. Correspondingly, the first installation port 11 on the basement floor slab 1 is used to install the receiving tank 4, while the first installation port 11 of the drainage layer 2 needs to install the receiving tank 4 and the second filter element 8 set on the outer periphery of the receiving tank 4. Therefore, the diameter of the first installation port 11 on the drainage layer 2 is larger than the diameter of the first installation port 11 on the basement floor slab 1.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first filter element 7 is disposed at the bottom of the receiving tank 4. The first filter element 7 includes a first filter layer 71, and a second filter layer 72 is disposed on the first filter layer 71. The first filter layer 71 is connected to the water inlet 5, and the pore size of the first filter layer 71 is larger than that of the second filter layer 72. In this embodiment of the invention, the first filter layer 71 is a coarse gravel layer, and the second filter layer 72 is a fine gravel layer. To prevent the gravel in the two filter layers from mixing and thus affecting the filtration effect of the first filter element 7, a geotextile 73 is disposed between the coarse gravel layer and the fine gravel layer to prevent them from mixing.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a baffle plate 45 is provided on the top of the first filter element 7. The baffle plate 45 is a rubber plate, and its outer periphery is attached to the inner wall of the receiving tank 4. The baffle plate 45 is lower than the outlet 6. The baffle plate 45 contacts the inner wall but does not block it. The baffle plate 45 can move up and down. The function of the baffle plate 45 is to block the receiving tank 4 when the groundwater pressure is low. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the top surface of the baffle plate 45 is flush with the basement floor slab 1. A vertically arranged spring element 46 is also provided inside the receiving tank 4. The bottom of the spring element 46 is connected to the baffle plate 45, and the top of the spring element 46 is connected to the top of the receiving tank 4. In this embodiment of the invention, a lower fixing block 17 is attached and fixed to the baffle plate 45, and an upper fixing block 18 is attached and fixed to the bottom of the top cover 43. The bottom end of the spring element 46 is fixedly connected to the lower fixing block 17, and the top end of the spring element 46 is fixedly connected to the upper fixing block 18.

[0057] When the groundwater pressure is high, the groundwater pushes upwards against the baffle plate 45, compressing the corresponding spring 46 upwards. The groundwater then enters the second filter 8 through the outlet 6 below the baffle plate 45, thus achieving active pressure relief and protecting the basement floor slab 1. When the groundwater pressure decreases, the baffle plate 45 elastically returns to its original position downwards under the action of the spring 46, sealing the containment tank 4 and preventing underground insects and moisture from entering the basement and affecting its normal use.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second filter element 8 is disposed within the gap between the mounting plate 44 and the top cover 43. The second filter element 8 includes a third filter layer 81, the pore size of which is smaller than that of the second filter layer 72. In this embodiment of the invention, the third filter layer 81 is a ring of rubber granules surrounding the outer periphery of the receiving tank 4, i.e., rubber granules are used as the filter material. To facilitate the placement of rubber granules, a fixing ring 19 is provided on the outer periphery of the receiving tank 4. The fixing ring 19 includes two steel arc-shaped vertical plates, one of which has a magnet at its end. The ends of the two arc-shaped vertical plates are fixed together by the magnet to form a fixing ring 19 with a circular cross-section. The fixing ring 19 is set on the mounting plate 44 and fits onto the receiving tank 4, with a gap between the receiving tank 4 and the fixing ring 19. The outer periphery of the fixing ring 19 is provided with a dosing port and a water outlet. Rubber granules are added into the gap between the receiving tank 4 and the fixing ring 19 through the dosing port, forming the third filter layer 81. Groundwater enters the rubber granule layer through the water outlet 6 and flows into the drainage layer 2 through the water outlet on the outer periphery of the fixing ring 19. It should be noted that when the third filter layer 81 is made of pre-formed blocks, the fixing ring 19 is not required, and the filter material can be directly pasted and fixed onto the mounting plate 44.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a fixing plate 14 is provided on the top of the container 4. The fixing plate 14 is used to block the second installation port 131. A third connecting hole 141 is provided on the fixing plate 14. A first connecting hole 10 is provided on the installation plate 44. The first connecting hole 10 extends upward and passes through the second filter element 8 and the top cover 43. A second connecting hole corresponding to the first connecting hole 10 is provided on the basement floor 1. A screw 12 is provided in the first connecting hole 10. The screw 12 passes downward through the third connecting hole 141 and the first connecting hole 10 in sequence and is inserted into the second connecting hole, and is threadedly connected to the basement floor 1. Furthermore, in order to fix the anti-buoyancy structure on the basement floor 1, a bolt sleeve is provided in the second connecting hole. The bolt sleeve is fixed in the second connecting hole by structural adhesive, and the screw 12 is screwed into the bolt sleeve for threaded connection. In other embodiments, the bolt sleeve can be replaced with an expansion sleeve of an expansion bolt. When the screw 12 is screwed into the expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve expands outward and presses against the inner wall of the second connecting hole, thereby realizing the threaded connection between the screw 12 and the basement floor slab 1.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 10 As shown, based on the anti-buoyancy structure provided in the above embodiments, the anti-buoyancy system includes an anti-buoyancy structure and a structural plate 13. The structural plate 13 is disposed on the drainage layer 2, and a second mounting port 131 corresponding to the first mounting port 11 is provided on the structural plate 13. The anti-buoyancy structure is inserted into the first mounting port 11 and the second mounting port 131, and the top surface of the fixing plate 14 is flush with the top surface of the structural plate 13. In this embodiment of the invention, multiple anti-buoyancy structures are provided in the anti-buoyancy system. Each anti-buoyancy structure is connected to the other through the drainage layer 2 and the drainage pipe 3. Similarly, each water collection well 22 is connected to the other through the drainage layer 2 and the drainage pipe 3 to facilitate the flow and discharge of groundwater in the drainage layer 2. Both the structural plate 13 and the fixing plate 14 are made of concrete slabs. The diameter of the fixing plate 14 is the same as the diameter of the second mounting port 131, and the thickness of the fixing plate 14 is the same as that of the structural plate 13.

[0061] An anti-buoyancy system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes multiple anti-buoyancy structures. By installing anti-buoyancy structures on the basement floor slab 1, groundwater is actively depressurized and discharged, protecting the basement floor slab 1 from damage. Simultaneously, the groundwater is filtered to prevent blockage of the drainage channels in the drainage layer 2. For the convenience of the basement, a structural slab 13 is installed on top of the drainage layer, isolating the groundwater in the drainage layer to meet the daily needs of the basement. At the same time, to prevent groundwater from entering above the structural slab 13 through the installation opening of the anti-buoyancy structure and affecting the normal use of the basement, a fixing plate 14 is installed on top of the anti-buoyancy structure to seal the second installation opening 131 on the structural slab 13. This not only prevents groundwater from entering above the structural slab 13 but also avoids stress concentration at the second installation opening 131, which could reduce the load-bearing capacity of the structural slab 13.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, to prevent groundwater from seeping into the structural slab 13 through the installation gaps of the self-buoyancy-resistant structure and affecting the normal use of the basement, this embodiment of the invention provides a rubber pad 20 on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 44 to seal the gap between the basement floor slab 1 and the mounting plate 44, thereby blocking the seepage pathway of groundwater. Furthermore, in other embodiments, in addition to providing the rubber pad 20 on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 44, rubber pads 20 can also be provided on the bottom and sides of the fixing plate 14 to further block the seepage pathway of groundwater.

[0063] Furthermore, gaps typically exist at the connection between the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16. Groundwater seeps from the bottom of the column base into the area above the structural slab 13, causing the column base of the concrete column 16 to become damp and peel. Moreover, the groundwater is difficult to drain, and the water accumulated on the structural slab 13 affects the normal use of the basement. To avoid these problems, such as... Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the anti-buoyancy system also includes a water-stop steel plate 15. The water-stop steel plate 15 comprises two horizontally arranged arched plates. The ends of the two arched plates abut to form a ring that matches the cross-sectional shape of the concrete column 16. The two arched plates are spliced ​​and fixed to the reinforcing cage 161 of the concrete column 16, and the water-stop steel plate 15 is cast within the structural slab 13. In this embodiment of the invention, the concrete column 16 is a cylinder, and the corresponding arched plate is a semi-circular plate. The two semi-circular plates are welded and fixed to the reinforcing cage of the concrete, and the water-stop steel plate 15 is cast within the structural slab 13. By horizontally setting the water-stop steel plate 15 between the concrete column 16 and the structural slab 13, the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16 are connected to each other, reducing the deformation of the structural slab 13, thereby reducing the gap between the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16. At the same time, the horizontally set water-stop steel plate 15 seals the gap between the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16, thereby preventing groundwater from seeping upwards and avoiding the problems caused by the aforementioned groundwater seepage.

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figures 7 to 9 As shown, based on the above embodiment of the anti-buoyancy system, the construction method of the anti-buoyancy system includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Break through the crack in the basement floor slab 1;

[0066] In step S1, as Figure 7 As shown, when the groundwater pressure is too high, the basement floor slab 1 cracks and water seepage occurs at the crack 21. In this embodiment of the invention, the cracked part of the basement floor slab 1 is broken off and a first installation opening 11 is formed, thereby reducing or avoiding openings in other uncracked parts and reducing the weakening of the load-bearing capacity of the basement floor slab 1.

[0067] S2, Lay drainage layer 2 and drainage pipe 3;

[0068] In step S2, as Figure 8 As shown, a drainage layer 2 and drainage pipes are laid on the basement floor slab 1, with a first installation port 11 reserved. The drainage layer 2 is a gravel layer, and the groundwater entering the gravel layer exists in the gaps between the gravel. There are multiple drainage pipes 3. One end of the drainage pipe 3 is connected to the second filter element 8, and the other end of the drainage pipe 3 is connected to the collection well 22. The drainage pipe 3 is a PVC pipe with perforated walls. The inlet hole 31 is arranged along the entire length of the PVC pipe. After the groundwater in the gravel gaps enters the PVC pipe, it flows along the PVC pipe to the collection well 22. The PVC pipe with perforated walls plays a guiding and transmission role for the groundwater in the gravel layer.

[0069] S3. Remove the protective layer of the concrete column 16 and weld the waterstop steel plate 15 to the reinforcing cage 161.

[0070] In step S3, as Figure 9As shown, when installing the water-stop steel plate 15, the concrete protective layer is first broken along the outer ring of the concrete column 16 within the thickness range of the structural slab 13, exposing the reinforcing cage 161 of the concrete column 16. Then, the water-stop steel plate 15 is welded to the reinforcing cage 161. When the structural slab 13 is poured, the poured concrete will refill the column wall where the concrete protective layer has been broken. The installation of the water-stop steel plate 15 not only connects the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16, reducing the deformation of the structural slab 13 and thus reducing the gap between the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16, but also, the horizontally arranged water-stop steel plate 15 seals the gap between the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16, further restricting the upward infiltration of groundwater.

[0071] S4, Casting structural slab 13;

[0072] In step S4, as Figure 9 As shown, the structural slab 13 is a concrete slab. By pouring the structural slab 13 on the drainage layer 2, the groundwater in the drainage layer 2 can be isolated, providing a dry space for the basement. On the other hand, the installation of the structural slab 13 increases the load on the basement floor slab 1. This load is opposite to the water pressure of the groundwater, and the two can cancel each other out, thereby reducing the force of the groundwater on the basement floor slab 1 and protecting the basement floor slab 1.

[0073] S5. Install anti-buoyancy structure.

[0074] In step S5, as Figure 1 As shown, the screw 12 passes downwards through the third connecting hole 141 and the first connecting hole 10, and then inserts into the second connecting hole. A bolt sleeve is provided in the second connecting hole, and the bolt sleeve is fixed in the second connecting hole by structural adhesive. The screw 12 is screwed into the bolt sleeve for threaded connection. In other embodiments, the bolt sleeve can be replaced with an expansion sleeve of an expansion bolt. When the screw 12 is screwed into the expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve expands outwards and presses against the inner wall of the second connecting hole, thereby realizing the threaded connection between the screw 12 and the basement floor slab 1.

[0075] In summary, this invention provides an anti-buoyancy structure, an anti-buoyancy system, and a construction method for the anti-buoyancy system. Specifically, one anti-buoyancy structure involves creating a first installation opening 11 at a crack in the basement floor slab 1, and placing a receiving tank 4 within the first installation opening 11 to connect groundwater to the basement interior. This actively releases pressure at the original crack, reducing the pressure of groundwater on the basement floor slab 1 and thus protecting it. A drainage layer 2 with internally laid drainage pipes 3 is installed on the basement floor slab 1. Groundwater entering the basement is guided into a collection well via the drainage pipes 3, preventing groundwater from accumulating in the basement. Accumulation of sand and gravel in the groundwater affects the use of the basement. To prevent sand and gravel impurities in the groundwater from clogging the drainage channels in the drainage layer 2, a first filter element 7 is installed at the inlet 5 of the container 4, and a second filter element 8 is installed at the outlet 6 of the container 4. Before entering the basement, the groundwater needs to be filtered by the first filter element 7 and the second filter element 8 to remove sand and gravel impurities and avoid clogging the drainage channels in the drainage layer 2. This solves the technical problem in the prior art where soil particles in the groundwater clog the drainage channels, requiring regular maintenance of the drainage channels, and the maintenance process is cumbersome, costly, and affects the normal use of the basement during maintenance.

[0076] An anti-buoyancy system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes multiple anti-buoyancy structures. By setting anti-buoyancy structures on the basement floor slab 1, groundwater is actively depressurized and discharged, protecting the basement floor slab from damage. Simultaneously, the groundwater is filtered to prevent blockage of the drainage channels in the drainage layer 2. To facilitate basement use, a structural slab 13 is installed on top of the drainage layer, and a waterproof layer is laid on the structural slab 13. The structural slab 13 and the waterproof layer completely isolate the groundwater in the drainage layer, providing a dry environment for normal basement use. At the same time, the installation of the structural slab 13 and the drainage layer 2 increases the load on the basement floor slab 1. This load counteracts the groundwater pressure, achieving the purpose of protecting the basement floor slab 1.

[0077] Furthermore, to prevent groundwater from entering the structural slab 13 from the installation opening of the anti-buoyancy structure, a fixing plate 14 is installed at the top of the anti-buoyancy structure. The fixing plate 14 is used to seal the second installation opening 131 on the structural slab 13, which can both prevent groundwater from entering the top of the structural slab 13 and prevent stress concentration at the second installation opening 131, thus reducing the load-bearing capacity of the structural slab 13. To prevent groundwater from seeping upward from the joint between the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16, causing the column base to become damp and peel, a water-stop steel plate 15 is installed at the bottom of the concrete column 16. The water-stop steel plate 15 is fixed to the reinforcing cage 161 of the concrete column 16 and is cast into the structural slab 13 to block groundwater from seeping upward, further enhancing the isolation of the anti-buoyancy system from groundwater.

[0078] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a construction method for an anti-buoyancy system. This system is installed on the basement floor slab 1 to actively depressurize and discharge groundwater, protecting the basement floor slab 1 from damage. Simultaneously, it filters the groundwater to prevent blockage of the drainage channels in the drainage layer 2. A structural slab 13 is also installed to isolate groundwater, facilitating the use of the basement. A water-stop steel plate 15 is installed at the bottom of the concrete column 16, connecting the structural slab 13 and the concrete column 16, reducing the gap between them. Furthermore, the horizontally arranged water-stop steel plate 15 seals the gap between the structural slab 13 and the concrete 16, further restricting the upward infiltration of groundwater.

[0079] The anti-buoyancy structure, anti-buoyancy system, and construction method of the anti-buoyancy system of this invention are simple and easy to implement. They solve the technical problems in the prior art where soil particles in groundwater block drainage channels, requiring regular maintenance of drainage channels, and the maintenance process is cumbersome, costly, and affects the normal use of basements during maintenance.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-buoyancy structure, installed on the basement floor slab (1), characterized in that, The anti-buoyancy structure includes: The first installation opening (11) is located at the crack in the basement floor slab (1); Drainage layer (2), the drainage layer (2) is set on the basement floor slab (1), the drainage layer (2) is provided with multiple drainage pipes (3), the drainage pipes (3) are provided with multiple water inlet holes (31) communicating with the drainage layer (2), and one end of the drainage pipes (3) is connected to the water collection well (22); The first installation port (11) extends upward through the drainage layer (2), and a container (4) is installed inside the first installation port (11). The container (4) is provided with an inlet (5) and an outlet (6). The inlet (5) is connected to the groundwater. The container (4) is provided with a first filter element (7), which is connected to the inlet (5) and is located below the outlet (6). The outer periphery of the container (4) is fitted with a second filter element (8), and the inner side of the second filter element (8) is connected to the water outlet (6), and the outer side of the second filter element (8) is connected to the drainage layer (2). The top of the first filter element (7) is provided with a baffle plate (45), the outer periphery of which is attached to the inner wall of the container (4), and the baffle plate (45) is lower than the outlet (6). The container (4) is also provided with a vertically arranged spring (46), the bottom of the spring (46) is connected to the baffle (45), and the top of the spring (46) is connected to the top of the container (4). The container (4) includes a vertically arranged annular barrel wall (41), a bottom cover (42) is provided at the bottom of the barrel wall (41), a top cover (43) is provided at the top of the barrel wall (41), and the edge of the top cover (43) extends horizontally to the outside of the barrel wall (41). An annular mounting plate (44) is fitted on the outer periphery of the barrel wall (41). The mounting plate (44) and the top cover (43) are arranged vertically at intervals. The second filter element (8) is disposed in the interval between the mounting plate (44) and the top cover (43).

2. The anti-buoyancy structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter element (7) includes a first filter layer (71), on which a second filter layer (72) is disposed. The first filter layer (71) is connected to the water inlet (5), and the pore size of the first filter layer (71) is larger than that of the second filter layer (72).

3. The anti-buoyancy structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second filter element (8) includes a third filter layer (81) with a pore size smaller than that of the second filter layer (72).

4. The anti-buoyancy structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate (44) is provided with a first connection hole (10), which extends upward and penetrates the second filter element (8) and the top cover (43). The basement floor slab (1) is provided with a second connection hole corresponding to the first connection hole (10). A screw (12) is provided in the first connecting hole (10). The screw (12) is inserted downward into the second connecting hole and threadedly connected to the basement floor slab (1).

5. An anti-buoyancy system, characterized in that, Including the anti-buoyancy structure of claim 4, the anti-buoyancy system further includes: Structural plate (13), the structural plate (13) is disposed on the drainage layer (2); The structural plate (13) is provided with a second mounting port (131) corresponding to the first mounting port (11). The top of the container (4) is provided with a fixing plate (14), which is used to block the second installation port (131). The anti-buoyancy structure is inserted into the first mounting port (11) and the second mounting port (131), and the top surface of the fixing plate (14) is flush with the top surface of the structural plate (13).

6. The anti-buoyancy system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing plate (14) is provided with a third connecting hole (141). The screw (12) passes through the third connecting hole (141) and the first connecting hole (10) in sequence and is then inserted into the second connecting hole and threadedly connected to the basement floor slab (1).

7. The anti-buoyancy system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti-buoyancy system also includes a water-stop steel plate (15), which includes two horizontally arranged bow-shaped plates. The ends of the two bow-shaped plates abut against each other to form a ring that matches the cross-sectional shape of the concrete column (16). The two bow-shaped plates are spliced ​​and fixed to the reinforcing cage (161) of the concrete column (16), and the water-stop steel plate (15) is cast into the structural slab (13).

8. A construction method for an anti-buoyancy system, characterized in that, The anti-buoyancy system according to claim 7 includes the following steps: S1. Break the crack in the basement floor slab (1); S2. Lay the drainage layer (2) and the drainage pipe (3). S3. Remove the protective layer of the concrete column (16), and weld the water-stop steel plate (15) to the steel cage (161). S4. Cast the structural slab (13); S5. Install the anti-buoyancy structure.

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