Sealing structure for ultrahigh pressure vessel

Abstract

The application discloses a sealing structure suitable for an ultrahigh-pressure container, wherein a sealing area A is arranged between the inner wall of a cylinder and a sealing head at a pressure loading end, and a sealing area B is arranged at a position away from the pressure loading direction; at the sealing area A, the pressure loading end of the sealing head is provided with a concave platform, the end of the concave platform away from the pressure loading direction is a slope a, the slope a and the inner wall of the cylinder form an included angle a, the pressure loading end of the sealing head is detachably connected with a gland, and the concave platform is replaceably provided with a sealing assembly one or a sealing assembly two; the sealing assembly one comprises a metal triangular gasket and a rubber sealing ring a; the sealing assembly two comprises a check ring and an elastic energy storage ring; at the sealing area B, the outer side of the sealing head is provided with an outer slope, the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with an inner slope, the outer slope and the inner slope form an included angle b, and a threaded pressing ring, a pressing ring, a metal elastic ring and a rubber sealing ring b are sequentially arranged towards the pressure loading direction. The structure can guarantee the sealing reliability under various working conditions and is convenient to disassemble and assemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to pressure vessels, and more specifically to a sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] Whether a pressure vessel can operate normally largely depends on the reliability of its sealing structure. For ultra-high pressure vessels, when they are large in size, have multiple operating conditions (high temperature and ultra-high pressure, high pressure pulse, long-term pressure holding under ultra-high pressure), and need to be opened frequently, their sealing structure must not only ensure sufficient sealing diameter, but also ensure reliability under multiple operating conditions (especially under ultra-high pressure conditions), and be easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0003] However, the sealing structure of ultra-high pressure vessels is often only designed for ultra-high pressure conditions, and is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels, which can ensure sealing reliability under various working conditions and is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: A sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels includes a sealing area A and a sealing area B between the inner wall of the cylinder and a sealing head. Sealing area A is located at the pressure loading end, and sealing area B is located away from the pressure loading direction. In sealing area A, the pressure loading end of the sealing head has a recessed platform. The end of the recessed platform away from the pressure loading direction is an inclined surface a, which forms an angle α with the inner wall of the cylinder. The pressure loading end of the sealing head is detachably connected to a pressure cap. Sealing component one or sealing component two can be interchangeably installed in the recessed platform. Sealing component one includes a metal triangular gasket and a rubber sealing ring a. The end of the metal triangular gasket away from the pressure loading direction is a wedge-shaped sealing angle, and the end near the pressure loading direction is a pressure-bearing surface a. During installation, the wedge-shaped sealing angle extends into the angle α and its two sides fit and seal against the angle α. The pressure cap presses the rubber sealing ring a tightly onto the pressure-bearing surface a. The rubber sealing ring a is held between the side of the recessed platform and the inner wall of the cylinder, and a gap exists between the pressure cap and the inner wall of the cylinder. The sealing assembly includes a retaining ring and an elastic energy storage ring. The end of the retaining ring away from the pressure loading direction matches the included angle α, and the end closer to the pressure loading direction is a limiting surface. The opening of the elastic energy storage ring faces the pressure loading direction. During installation, the retaining ring extends into the included angle α and mates with it. The elastic energy storage ring is interference-fitted between the side of the concave platform and the inner wall of the cylinder and is axially limited by the limiting surface. There is a gap between the gland, the elastic energy storage ring, and the inner wall of the cylinder. In the sealing area B, an outer inclined surface is provided on the outside of the sealing head, and an inner inclined surface is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder. The outer and inner inclined surfaces form an included angle β. The threaded pressure ring, the clamping ring, the metal elastic ring, and the rubber sealing ring b are sequentially arranged closer to the pressure loading direction. The metal elastic ring extends into the included angle β and contacts and seals the included angle β on both sides. The threaded pressure ring is threadedly installed at the end of the cylinder and clamps the metal elastic ring through the clamping ring. The rubber sealing ring b is installed in the annular groove on the side of the sealing head and is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder. Preferably, the metal triangular pad has a notch at its tip, and there is a gap between the notch and the tip of the included angle α.

[0006] Preferably, the gland is installed on the pressure loading end of the sealing head by bolts.

[0007] Preferably, the end of the clamping ring away from the pressure loading direction is the pressure-receiving surface b, the end closer to the pressure loading direction is the pressure-transmitting surface one, and the inward side is the guide surface one. The threaded clamping ring is pressed against the pressure-receiving surface b. The guide surface one is in contact with the side of the sealing head. The end of the metal elastic ring away from the pressure loading direction is the pressure-transmitting surface two, the end closer to the pressure loading direction is a sharp corner, the inward side is the guide surface two and the sealing surface, and the outward side is the wire-embedded surface. The pressure-transmitting surface one is pressed against the pressure-transmitting surface two. The pressure-transmitting surface one and the pressure-transmitting surface two are inclined and can transmit downward and outward forces to the metal elastic ring. The sharp corner extends into the included angle b. The guide surface two is away from the pressure loading direction relative to the sealing surface. The guide surface two is in contact with the side of the sealing head. Both the guide surface one and the guide surface two play a role in axial guidance. The sealing surface is inclined and pressed against the outer inclined surface. The wire-embedded surface is inclined and inlaid with a whole circle of copper wire. The copper wire is pressed against the inner inclined surface.

[0008] Preferably, there is a gap between the tip of the sharp corner and the tip of the included angle b; there is an angle difference between the sealing surface and the outer inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the sealing surface is smaller than the inclination angle of the outer inclined surface; there is an angle difference between the wire-inserting surface and the inner inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the wire-inserting surface is smaller than the inclination angle of the inner inclined surface.

[0009] Preferably, the wire-embedded surface is inlaid with two loops of copper wire, with the copper wire near the sharp corner, and the diameter of the copper wire is 2mm.

[0010] Preferably, during operation, for sealing area A, sealing component one or sealing component two is selected according to the working conditions. Sealing component one is selected when there are fluctuations in temperature and pressure, and sealing component two is selected when there are no fluctuations in temperature and pressure.

[0011] Preferably, when assembling the sealing assembly, first, the metal triangular gasket is placed on the recessed platform and the inner side of the wedge-shaped sealing angle is attached to the inclined surface a. Then, the rubber sealing ring a is placed on the recessed platform and the rubber sealing ring a is attached to the pressure surface a. Then, the gland is installed on the pressure loading end of the sealing head, so that the gland presses the rubber sealing ring a tightly onto the pressure surface a, providing pre-tightening force for the metal triangular gasket. Then, the sealing head is installed on the cylinder, so that the two sides of the wedge-shaped sealing angle fit and seal with the included angle a, and the rubber sealing ring a is stuck between the side of the recessed platform and the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, when assembling the second sealing component, first, the retaining ring is placed on the recessed platform and the inner side of the retaining ring is attached to the inclined surface a. Then, the elastic energy storage ring is placed on the recessed platform and the elastic energy storage ring is axially limited by the limiting surface. The elastic energy storage ring is clamped on the sealing head. Then, the pressure cap is installed on the pressure loading end of the sealing head. Then, the sealing head is installed on the cylinder, so that the elastic energy storage ring is interference-fitted between the side of the recessed platform and the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, when assembling the components at sealing area B, first install the rubber sealing ring b in the annular groove on the side of the sealing head, then put the metal elastic ring on the sealing head and make the inner side of the metal elastic ring contact the outer inclined surface, then put the clamping ring on the sealing head and make the end of the clamping ring near the pressure loading contact the end of the metal elastic ring away from the pressure loading direction, then install the sealing head on the cylinder body, so that the rubber sealing ring b is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder body, and then threaded pressure ring is threaded on the end of the cylinder body, so that the threaded pressure ring presses the metal elastic ring through the clamping ring, and the two sides of the metal elastic ring contact the included angle b for sealing.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This structure improves the pressure loading end of the sealing head. The design of the recess and gland allows for easy replacement of sealing component one or sealing component two. Sealing component one uses a metal triangular gasket + rubber sealing ring a structure. The metal triangular gasket is an axially self-tightening seal, and the rubber sealing ring a provides the initial pre-tightening force for the metal triangular gasket. When the internal medium pressure increases, the rubber sealing ring a tends to move towards the metal triangular gasket, thus compressing it. The higher the internal pressure, the greater the sealing force. It is unaffected by temperature and pressure fluctuations and is suitable for applications with varying temperature and pressure. In operating conditions where force fluctuates, the second sealing component adopts a structure of an elastic energy storage ring and a retaining ring. The elastic energy storage ring is a radial self-tightening seal, and the retaining ring is used to fill the wedge-shaped part of the recess and provide axial restraint for the elastic energy storage ring. Its function is to increase the interchangeability of the first and second sealing components. The elastic energy storage ring uses an interference fit design to achieve the initial preload. When the internal medium pressure increases, its sealing lip will fit more closely, and the higher the internal pressure, the greater the sealing force. It is suitable for operating conditions where temperature and pressure do not fluctuate. Therefore, this structure can ensure sealing reliability under various operating conditions.

[0015] After improving the pressure loading end of the sealing head, the structure allows for the sequential placement of the components of sealing assembly one or sealing assembly two, followed by the installation of the pressure cap, thus completing the assembly of sealing area A. In sealing area B, the structure sequentially places the rubber sealing ring b, the metal elastic ring, and the compression ring, and finally connects the threaded pressure ring to complete the assembly of sealing area B, making assembly and disassembly convenient.

[0016] This structure features sealing zones A and B at the pressure loading end and away from the pressure loading direction, respectively. Overall, the near-pressure end uses a metal triangular gasket or elastic energy storage ring for self-tightening sealing, the middle uses a rubber sealing ring b for sealing, and the far-pressure end uses a metal elastic ring for self-tightening sealing. The metal triangular gasket or elastic energy storage ring bears most of the main pressure and temperature (tests show that the elastic energy storage ring can be used in high-temperature and ultra-high-pressure test environments of 250°C and 200MPa, while the metal triangular gasket can be used in test environments with even higher temperatures and pressures). The rubber sealing ring b and the metal elastic ring bear the pressure that may leak. This three-layer sealing structure increases sealing redundancy. Furthermore, the clamping force provided by the threaded pressure ring at the far-pressure end can adjust the sealing effect of the metal triangular gasket or elastic energy storage ring at the near-pressure end, avoiding the drawback of the near-pressure end being unable to be actively controlled.

[0017] The structure features a metal triangular pad or an elastic energy storage ring at the pressure loading end, which bears most of the pressure and temperature. Due to the redundancy between the metal triangular pad and the rubber sealing ring a, and the fact that the metal triangular pad is small in size and mostly made of soft metal, it is easy to disassemble and assemble, and the contact surface will not be damaged even after multiple disassemblies and assemblies. The elastic energy storage ring has an elastic structure and does not have the problem of damaging the contact surface. Both the metal triangular pad seal and the elastic energy storage ring seal can be reused multiple times. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a sealing structure applicable to ultra-high pressure vessels in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A larger image is shown at point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A breakdown diagram.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Larger image at point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A breakdown diagram.

[0024] Figure 6This is a partial schematic diagram of the sealing structure applicable to ultra-high pressure vessels in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, with sealing component 1 replaced by sealing component 2.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A breakdown diagram.

[0026] In the diagram: 1-Cylinder; 101-Inner inclined surface; 2-Sealing head; 201-Concave platform; 202-Inclined surface a; 203-Outer inclined surface; 204-Annular groove; 3-Threaded pressure ring; 4-Pressure cap; 5-Bolt; 6-Metal triangular washer; 601-Wedge-shaped sealing angle; 602-Pressure-bearing surface a; 7-Rubber sealing ring a; 8-Metal elastic ring; 801-Pressure transmission surface two; 802-Sharp corner; 803-Guide surface two; 804-Sealing surface; 805-Threaded surface; 9-Pressure ring; 901-Pressure-bearing surface b; 902-Pressure transmission surface one; 903-Guide surface one; 10-Copper wire; 11-Rubber sealing ring b; 12-Elastic energy storage ring; 13-Retaining ring; 1301-Limiting surface. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "sealing area A," "sealing area B," "sloping surface a," "angle a," "angle b," "rubber sealing ring a," "rubber sealing ring b," "pressure-bearing surface a," "pressure-bearing surface b," "pressure-transmitting surface one," "pressure-transmitting surface two," "guide surface one," "guide surface two," etc., are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0033] Example 1 This application discloses a sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a sealing area A and a sealing area B are provided between the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the sealing head 2. Sealing area A is located at the pressure loading end, and sealing area B is away from the pressure loading direction; and: In sealed area A, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the pressure loading end of the sealing head 2 is provided with a recessed platform 201. The end of the recessed platform 201 away from the pressure loading direction is an inclined surface a202. The inclined surface a202 forms an angle a with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. The pressure loading end of the sealing head 2 is detachably connected to the pressure cover 4. The sealing component one or the sealing component two can be replacedly installed in the recessed platform 201. In this embodiment, a sealing component is installed inside the recess 201, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the sealing assembly includes a metal triangular gasket 6 and a rubber sealing ring a7. The end of the metal triangular gasket 6 away from the pressure loading direction is a wedge-shaped sealing angle 601, and the end close to the pressure loading direction is a pressure-bearing surface a602. During installation, the wedge-shaped sealing angle 601 extends into the included angle a and both sides are in contact with the included angle a for sealing. The pressure cap 4 presses the rubber sealing ring a7 onto the pressure-bearing surface a602. The rubber sealing ring a602 is stuck between the side of the recess 201 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. There is a gap between the pressure cap 4 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. In sealed area B, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer side of the sealing head 2 is provided with an outer inclined surface 203, and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with an inner inclined surface 101. The outer inclined surface 203 and the inner inclined surface 101 form an included angle b. The threaded pressure ring 3, the clamping ring 9, the metal elastic ring 8 and the rubber sealing ring b11 are arranged in sequence toward the pressure loading direction. The metal elastic ring 8 extends into the included angle b and contacts and seals the included angle b on both sides. The threaded pressure ring 3 is threadedly installed at the end of the cylinder 1 and clamps the metal elastic ring 8 through the clamping ring 9. The rubber sealing ring b11 is installed in the annular groove 204 on the side of the sealing head 2 and is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder 1.

[0034] Regarding the sealing area A, preferably: To avoid bumps and damage during disassembly and assembly, and to allow space for compression and deformation, in this embodiment, as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tip 601 of the metal triangular pad 6 has a notch, and there is a gap between the notch and the tip of the included angle a.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the gland 4 can be installed on the pressure loading end of the sealing head 2 by bolts 5.

[0036] When assembling the sealing assembly, first, put the metal triangular gasket 6 on the recess 201 and let the inner side of the wedge-shaped sealing angle 601 be attached to the inclined surface a202. Then, put the rubber sealing ring a7 on the recess 201 and let the rubber sealing ring a7 be attached to the pressure surface a602. Then, install the pressure cap 4 on the pressure loading end of the sealing head 2, so that the pressure cap 2 presses the rubber sealing ring a7 tightly on the pressure surface a602, providing pre-tightening force for the metal triangular gasket 6. Then, install the sealing head 2 on the cylinder 1, so that the two sides of the wedge-shaped sealing angle 601 are fitted and sealed with the included angle a, and the rubber sealing ring a7 is stuck between the side of the recess 201 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1.

[0037] Regarding the sealing area B, preferably: like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the end of the clamping ring 9 away from the pressure loading direction is the pressure receiving surface b901, the end closer to the pressure loading direction is the pressure transmitting surface 902, and the inward side is the guide surface 903. The threaded clamping ring 3 is pressed against the pressure receiving surface b901, and the guide surface 903 is pressed against the side of the sealing head 2. The end of the metal elastic ring 8 away from the pressure loading direction is the pressure transmitting surface 801, the end closer to the pressure loading direction is the sharp corner 802, the inward side is the guide surface 803 and the sealing surface 804, and the outward side is the threaded surface 805. The pressure transmitting surface 902 is pressed against the sealing head 2. On the pressure surface 801, the pressure transmission surface 902 and the pressure transmission surface 802 are inclined and can transmit downward and outward forces to the metal elastic ring 8. The sharp corner 802 extends into the included angle b. The guide surface 803 is away from the pressure loading direction relative to the sealing surface 804. The guide surface 803 is in contact with the side of the sealing head 2. Both the guide surface 903 and the guide surface 803 play a role in axial guidance. The sealing surface 804 is inclined and presses against the outer inclined surface 203. The wire-embedded surface 805 is inclined and inlaid with a full circle of copper wire 10. The copper wire 10 presses against the inner inclined surface 101. The sealing surfaces 804 and the wire-embedded surface 805 on both sides of the metal elastic ring 8 are all in compression contact seals. Among them, the copper wire 10 inlaid on the wire-embedded surface 805 deforms first to achieve initial sealing. By wearing down the copper wire 10, the overall service life of the metal elastic ring 8 is enhanced. When the copper wire 10 fails, it can be re-inserted.

[0038] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, there is a gap between the sharp corner 802 and the tip of the included angle b; there is an angle difference between the sealing surface 804 and the outer inclined surface 203, with the inclination angle of the sealing surface 804 being smaller than that of the outer inclined surface 203; there is an angle difference between the threaded surface 805 and the inner inclined surface 101, with the inclination angle of the threaded surface 805 being smaller than that of the inner inclined surface 101. This design facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the metal elastic ring 8, avoids impacts to the sharp corner 802, and provides space for compression deformation.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the wire-embedded surface 805 is inlaid with two circles of copper wire 10, which are close to the sharp corner 802. The diameter of the copper wire 10 is about 2mm.

[0040] When assembling the components at sealing area B, first install the rubber sealing ring b11 in the annular groove 204 on the side of the sealing head 2, then put the metal elastic ring 8 on the sealing head 2 and make the inner side of the metal elastic ring 8 contact the outer inclined surface 203. Then put the clamping ring 9 on the sealing head 2 and make the end of the clamping ring 9 close to the pressure loading contact the end of the metal elastic ring 8 away from the pressure loading direction. Then install the sealing head 2 on the cylinder 1, so that the rubber sealing ring b11 is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder 1. Then thread the threaded clamping ring 3 on the end of the cylinder 1, so that the threaded clamping ring 3 presses the metal elastic ring 8 through the clamping ring 9, and the two sides of the metal elastic ring 8 contact the included angle b for sealing.

[0041] Example 2 This embodiment discloses another sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels. The difference between this structure and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, sealing component 2 is installed within the recess 201, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the sealing assembly 2 includes a retaining ring 13 and an elastic energy storage ring 12. The end of the retaining ring 13 away from the pressure loading direction matches the included angle α, and the end close to the pressure loading direction is the limiting surface 1301. The opening of the elastic energy storage ring 12 faces the pressure loading direction. During installation, the retaining ring 13 extends into the included angle α and engages with the included angle α. The elastic energy storage ring 12 is interference-fitted between the side of the recess 201 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and is axially limited by the limiting surface 1301. There is a gap between the gland 4, the elastic energy storage ring 12, and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. When assembling the second sealing component, first, put the retaining ring 13 on the recess 201 and let the inner side of the retaining ring 13 adhere to the inclined surface a202. Then, put the elastic energy storage ring 12 on the recess 201 and limit the elastic energy storage ring 12 axially through the limiting surface 1301. The elastic energy storage ring 12 is clamped on the sealing head 2. Then, the pressure cap 4 is installed on the pressure loading end of the sealing head 2. Then, the sealing head 2 is installed on the cylinder 1, so that the elastic energy storage ring 12 is interference-fitted between the side of the recess 201 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1.

[0042] Combining Embodiments 1 and 2, this structure improves the pressure loading end of the sealing head 2. The design of the recess 201 and the gland 4 allows for easy replacement of sealing component one or sealing component two. During operation, for sealing area A, sealing component one or sealing component two can be selected according to the working conditions. Sealing component one is preferred under conditions of fluctuating temperature and pressure, while sealing component two is preferred under conditions of stable temperature and pressure. Specifically, sealing component one adopts a structure of a metal triangular gasket 6 and a rubber sealing ring a7. The metal triangular gasket 6 is an axially self-tightening seal, and the rubber sealing ring a7 provides the initial pre-tightening force for the metal triangular gasket 6. When the internal medium pressure increases, the rubber sealing ring a7 has a tendency to... The tendency of the triangular gasket 6 to move compress the metal triangular gasket 6, and the higher the internal pressure, the greater the sealing force. It is not affected by temperature and pressure fluctuations, making it suitable for working conditions where temperature and pressure fluctuate. The second sealing component adopts a structure of elastic energy storage ring 12 + retaining ring 13. The elastic energy storage ring 12 is a radial self-tightening seal, and the retaining ring 13 is used to fill the wedge-shaped part of the recess 201 and provide axial restraint for the elastic energy storage ring 12. Its function is to increase the interchangeability of sealing component one and sealing component two. The elastic energy storage ring 12 uses an interference fit design to achieve the initial preload. When the internal medium pressure increases, its sealing lip will fit more closely, and the higher the internal pressure, the greater the sealing force, making it suitable for working conditions where temperature and pressure do not fluctuate. Therefore, this structure can ensure sealing reliability under various working conditions.

[0043] After improving the pressure loading end of the sealing head 2, the components of sealing component one or sealing component two are placed in sequence, and then the pressure cap 4 is installed to complete the assembly of sealing area A. In sealing area B, the rubber sealing ring b11, metal elastic ring 8 and pressure ring 9 are placed in sequence, and finally the threaded pressure ring 3 is connected to complete the assembly of sealing area B. It is easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0044] The structure features sealing zones A and B at the pressure loading end and away from the pressure loading direction, respectively. Overall, the near-pressure end uses a metal triangular gasket 6 or an elastic energy storage ring 12 for self-tightening sealing, the middle uses a rubber sealing ring b11 for sealing, and the far-pressure end uses a metal elastic ring 8 for self-tightening sealing. The metal triangular gasket 6 or the elastic energy storage ring 12 bears most of the main pressure and temperature (tests show that the elastic energy storage ring 12 can be used in high-temperature and ultra-high-pressure test environments of 250°C and 200MPa, while the metal triangular gasket 6 can be used in test environments with even higher temperatures and pressures). The rubber sealing ring b11 and the metal elastic ring 8 bear the pressure that may leak. This three-layer sealing structure increases sealing redundancy. Furthermore, the clamping force provided by the threaded pressure ring 3 at the far-pressure end can adjust the sealing effect of the metal triangular gasket 6 or the elastic energy storage ring 12 at the near-pressure end, avoiding the drawback of the near-pressure end being unable to be actively controlled.

[0045] The structure features a metal triangular pad 6 or an elastic energy storage ring 12 at the pressure loading end. The metal triangular pad 6 or the elastic energy storage ring 12 bears most of the main pressure and temperature. Since there is a redundancy between the metal triangular pad 6 and the rubber sealing ring a7, and the metal triangular pad 6 is small in size and mostly made of soft metal material, it is easy to disassemble and assemble, and the contact surface will not be damaged even if it is disassembled and assembled many times. The elastic energy storage ring 12 has an elastic structure and does not have the problem of damaging the contact surface. Whether it is the metal triangular pad 6 or the elastic energy storage ring 12 sealing, it can be reused many times.

[0046] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The detailed description of the embodiments of this application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels, characterized in that: A sealing area A and a sealing area B are provided between the inner wall of the cylinder and the sealing head. Sealing area A is located at the pressure loading end, and sealing area B is away from the pressure loading direction. In sealing area A, the pressure loading end of the sealing head has a recessed platform. The end of the recessed platform away from the pressure loading direction is an inclined surface a, which forms an angle a with the inner wall of the cylinder. The pressure loading end of the sealing head is detachably connected to a pressure cap. Sealing component one or sealing component two can be replacedly installed in the recessed platform. Sealing component one includes a metal triangular gasket and a rubber sealing ring a. The end of the metal triangular gasket away from the pressure loading direction is a wedge-shaped sealing angle, and the end near the pressure loading direction is a pressure-bearing surface a. During installation, the wedge-shaped sealing angle extends into the angle a and its two sides fit and seal against the angle a. The pressure cap presses the rubber sealing ring a tightly onto the pressure-bearing surface a. The rubber sealing ring a is stuck between the side of the recessed platform and the inner wall of the cylinder, and there is a gap between the pressure cap and the inner wall of the cylinder. Sealing component two includes a retaining ring. The retaining ring has an end away from the pressure loading direction that matches the included angle α, and an end close to the pressure loading direction that serves as a limiting surface. The opening of the elastic energy storage ring faces the pressure loading direction. During installation, the retaining ring extends into the included angle α and mates with it. The elastic energy storage ring is interference-fitted between the side of the concave platform and the inner wall of the cylinder and is axially limited by the limiting surface. There is a gap between the gland, the elastic energy storage ring, and the inner wall of the cylinder. In sealing area B, an outer inclined surface is provided on the outside of the sealing head, and an inner inclined surface is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder. The outer and inner inclined surfaces form an included angle β. The threaded pressure ring, the clamping ring, the metal elastic ring, and the rubber sealing ring b are sequentially arranged close to the pressure loading direction. The metal elastic ring extends into the included angle β and its two sides are in contact with the included angle β for sealing. The threaded pressure ring is threaded onto the end of the cylinder and clamps the metal elastic ring through the clamping ring. The rubber sealing ring b is installed in the annular groove on the side of the sealing head and is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder.

2. The sealing structure for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The metal triangular pad has a notch at its tip, and there is a gap between the notch and the tip of the included angle α.

3. The sealing structure for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gland is installed on the pressure loading end of the sealing head by bolts.

4. The sealing structure for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the clamping ring away from the pressure loading direction is the pressure-bearing surface b, the end near the pressure loading direction is the pressure-transmitting surface one, and the inward side is the guide surface one. The threaded clamping ring is pressed against the pressure-bearing surface b. The guide surface one is in contact with the side of the sealing head. The end of the metal elastic ring away from the pressure loading direction is the pressure-transmitting surface two, the end near the pressure loading direction is a sharp corner, the inward side is the guide surface two and the sealing surface, and the outward side is the wire-embedded surface. The pressure-transmitting surface one is pressed against the pressure-transmitting surface two. The pressure-transmitting surfaces one and two are inclined and can transmit downward and outward forces to the metal elastic ring. The sharp corner extends into the included angle b. The guide surface two is away from the pressure loading direction relative to the sealing surface. The guide surface two is in contact with the side of the sealing head. Both the guide surface one and the guide surface two play a role in axial guidance. The sealing surface is inclined and pressed against the outer inclined surface. The wire-embedded surface is inclined and inlaid with a whole circle of copper wire. The copper wire is pressed against the inner inclined surface.

5. The sealing structure for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 4, characterized in that: There is a gap between the tip of the sharp corner and the tip of the included angle b; there is an angle difference between the sealing surface and the outer inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the sealing surface is smaller than the inclination angle of the outer inclined surface; There is an angle difference between the wire-inserting surface and the inner inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the wire-inserting surface is smaller than that of the inner inclined surface.

6. The sealing structure for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inlaid surface is inlaid with two circles of copper wire, which are close to the sharp corners and have a diameter of 2mm.

7. The sealing structure for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: During operation, for sealing area A, either sealing component one or sealing component two is selected according to the working conditions. Sealing component one is selected when there are fluctuations in temperature and pressure, and sealing component two is selected when there are no fluctuations in temperature and pressure.

8. The sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: When assembling the sealing assembly, first place the metal triangular gasket on the recessed platform and let the inner side of the wedge-shaped sealing angle adhere to the inclined surface a. Then, place the rubber sealing ring a on the recessed platform and let the rubber sealing ring a adhere to the pressure surface a. Then, install the gland on the pressure loading end of the sealing head, so that the gland presses the rubber sealing ring a tightly on the pressure surface a, providing pre-tightening force for the metal triangular gasket. Then, install the sealing head on the cylinder, so that the two sides of the wedge-shaped sealing angle fit and seal with the included angle a, and the rubber sealing ring a is stuck between the side of the recessed platform and the inner wall of the cylinder.

9. The sealing structure suitable for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: When assembling sealing component two, first put the retaining ring on the concave platform and let the inner side of the retaining ring adhere to the inclined surface a. Then put the elastic energy storage ring on the concave platform and limit the elastic energy storage ring axially through the limiting surface. The elastic energy storage ring is clamped on the sealing head. Then install the pressure cap on the pressure loading end of the sealing head. Then install the sealing head on the cylinder body so that the elastic energy storage ring is interference-fitted between the side of the concave platform and the inner wall of the cylinder body.

10. The sealing structure for ultra-high pressure vessels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When assembling the components at sealing area B, first install the rubber sealing ring b in the annular groove on the side of the sealing head, then put the metal elastic ring on the sealing head and make the inner side of the metal elastic ring contact the outer inclined surface. Put the clamping ring on the sealing head and make the end of the clamping ring closer to the pressure loading contact the end of the metal elastic ring away from the pressure loading direction. Then install the sealing head on the cylinder body, so that the rubber sealing ring b is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder body. Then thread the threaded clamping ring is threaded on the end of the cylinder body, so that the threaded clamping ring presses the metal elastic ring through the clamping ring, and the two sides of the metal elastic ring contact the included angle b for sealing.

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