Electrostatic potential rapid detection device and method based on charge active dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion

Abstract

The application provides a static potential rapid detection device and method based on charge active dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion. The device comprises a sensor shell and a detection module. A wire slot is arranged in the sensor shell. The detection module is arranged below the wire slot in the sensor shell. The detection module comprises a copper foil electrode, a shielding sheet, an induction electrode and a signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode is arranged below the wire slot. The induction electrode is arranged below the copper foil electrode. The shielding sheet is arranged between the copper foil electrode and the induction electrode and rotates through motor driving. The charge discharge process of the suspended wire can be accelerated through the reverse voltage applied on the copper foil electrode. Through the waveform characteristic analysis and state determination algorithm in the method, various waveform characteristics are extracted, and two-level criteria are combined, so that the misjudgment rate of the hard pressure plate is significantly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrostatic potential detection technology, and in particular to a rapid electrostatic potential detection device and method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria. Background Technology

[0002] Hardened circuit boards are key components of the output circuits of secondary power equipment. They provide reliable disconnections through manual operation, ensuring the safe disconnection of protection or automatic device circuits. With the advancement of remote operation and maintenance of secondary systems, achieving remote and accurate monitoring of the activation and deactivation status of hardened circuit boards has become a technological necessity, and its core lies in rapid and reliable status detection capabilities.

[0003] In the detection of the condition of a hard platen, traditional electrostatic potential sensors have the following key problems: When the platen is removed, the wire is suspended, forming a floating potential, and its charge is slowly discharged through the air or insulating medium. The electric field strength output by the sensor needs to wait for the charge to completely dissipate, which usually takes tens of minutes to determine the condition of the platen. The response delay is significant. During this process, traditional electrostatic potential sensors lack a mechanism to actively intervene in charge migration and rely solely on air ionization or dielectric leakage current to complete the dissipation, making it impossible to respond quickly to changes in condition. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid electrostatic potential detection device and method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, so as to at least solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, including a sensor housing and a detection module. A wire groove is provided inside the sensor housing, and the detection module is located below the wire groove inside the sensor housing. The detection module includes a copper foil electrode, a shielding sheet, a sensing electrode, and a signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode is located below the wire groove, and the sensing electrode is located below the copper foil electrode. The shielding sheet is located between the copper foil electrode and the sensing electrode and is rotated by a motor. The sensing electrode is electrically connected to the signal processing circuit, and an inverse voltage of the conductor to be detected is applied to the copper foil electrode.

[0007] Furthermore, the shielding sheet is grounded.

[0008] Furthermore, the copper foil electrode is disposed in a non-contact manner with the wire.

[0009] The second aspect of this application provides a method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria. The method is executed in a device for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria, and includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Collect the conductor voltage signal and use a digital low-pass filter to suppress high-frequency noise in the signal;

[0011] Step 2: Feature extraction of the signal, specifically including: dynamically tracking the peak-to-peak value of the signal to obtain the peak-to-peak value sequence; performing exponential fitting on the peak-to-peak value sequence to calculate the signal decay rate; and using a sliding window to calculate the waveform standard deviation to obtain the signal volatility quantization.

[0012] Step 3: Determine the potential state based on the characteristics of the signal extraction point.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps in step 1 involving using a digital low-pass filter to suppress high-frequency noise in the signal are as follows:

[0014] The signal is processed using the transfer function of a second-order Butterworth filter, then discretized to derive a difference equation, and finally the processed signal is output using the difference equation.

[0015] The transfer function of the second-order Butterworth filter is:

[0016]

[0017] Where, ω c The angular frequency form representing the cutoff frequency and ω c =2πf c f c represents the cutoff frequency, and s is the frequency response of the filter;

[0018] The difference equation is:

[0019] y[n]=0.0201x[n]+0.0402x[n-1]+0.0201x[n-2]+1.561y[n-1]-0.6414y[n-2]

[0020] Where x[n] represents the input signal and y[n] represents the output signal.

[0021] Furthermore, the peak-to-peak dynamic tracking formula in step 2 is as follows:

[0022] V pp (k)=max(y[kN:(k+1)N])-min(y[kN:(k+1)N])

[0023] Where N represents the number of sampling points per cycle, and k represents the cycle index;

[0024] The decay rate formula is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, t i V represents a time series. pp This represents the peak-to-peak value sequence of the acquired signal;

[0027] The formula for quantifying volatility is:

[0028]

[0029] Furthermore, step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 31: Determine the peak-to-peak value of the signal using the primary criteria;

[0031] Step 32: Determine the signal volatility and attenuation coefficient using secondary criteria;

[0032] Step 33: Combine the primary criterion and the secondary criterion to output the final potential state.

[0033] Furthermore, step 31 specifically involves: if the peak-to-peak value decrease rate is >15% for three consecutive sampling periods, it is marked as "suspected suspended," and the preliminary criterion formula is:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, V pp This represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal.

[0036] Furthermore, step 32 specifically states that if the volatility σ > 50mV and the decay rate α > 0.1 / s in the "suspected suspended state", then it is determined to be a "suspended state".

[0037] Furthermore, step 33 specifically involves: combining the primary and secondary criteria to output a status flag indicating either "suspended state" or "non-suspended state".

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] This invention provides a rapid electrostatic potential detection device and method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria. By applying a reverse polarization voltage, the charge dissipation process of the suspended conductor is accelerated. Compared with traditional passive methods that rely on natural charge dissipation, this method improves response speed while maintaining non-intrusiveness and system robustness under normal operating conditions through active electric field intervention. Multiple waveform features are extracted through waveform feature analysis and state determination algorithms, and combined with two-level criteria, the misjudgment rate of the pressure plate's engagement / disengagement state is significantly reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is the non-suspended output waveform of a rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is the floating state output waveform of a rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the steps of a rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria, provided by another embodiment of the present invention, to determine the potential state.

[0046] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0047] 1. Copper foil electrode; 2. Shielding sheet; 3. Induction electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. In the following description, the expression "some embodiments" refers to a subset of all possible embodiments; however, it should be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0049] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0050] It should be understood that the present invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, providing these embodiments will make the disclosure thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is intended only to describe particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. When used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “compose” and / or “comprising,” when used in this specification, identify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups. When used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0051] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0052] To fully understand this invention, a detailed structure will be presented in the following description to illustrate the technical solution proposed by this invention. Optional embodiments of the invention are described in detail below; however, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the invention may have other embodiments.

[0053] Reference Figures 1-3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria, including a sensor housing and a detection module. A wire groove is provided inside the sensor housing, and the detection module is located below the wire groove inside the sensor housing. The detection module includes a copper foil electrode 1, a shielding sheet 2, a sensing electrode 3, and a signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode 1 is located below the wire groove, and the sensing electrode 3 is located below the copper foil electrode 1. The shielding sheet 2 is located between the copper foil electrode 1 and the sensing electrode 3 and is rotated by a motor. The sensing electrode 3 is electrically connected to the signal processing circuit, and the copper foil electrode 1 is supplied with an inverse voltage of the wire to be detected.

[0054] The shielding plate 2 is grounded.

[0055] The copper foil electrode 1 is configured to be in non-contact with the wire.

[0056] For example, the wire to be tested is placed in the wire groove for potential detection; the inside of the outer casing is sprayed with conductive paint and grounded, and its potential is 0V; the shielding plate 2 is made of metal and is driven by a motor to rotate, periodically blocking the sensing electrode 3; the sensing electrode 3 is periodically exposed to the electric field of the wire due to the rotation of the shielding plate 2, and the amount of induced charge changes with the position of the shielding plate, thereby generating an alternating current. The signal processing circuit processes the current signal and deduces the potential of the wire.

[0057] The area of ​​copper foil electrode 1 is ≥10mm² 2 The surface is exposed to enhance electric field coupling; the copper foil electrode 1 is connected to the reverse voltage of the wire to be detected, which can apply an electric field with the opposite polarity to the floating potential, forming a potential gradient difference and driving the directional migration of charges, for example:

[0058] If the floating potential of the wire is V 悬浮 =-100V, V applied to the copper foil electrode 反 =100V, and simultaneously the sensor housing is grounded, forming a three-layer potential gradient from copper foil electrode 1 (+100V) - wire (-100V) - housing (0V). This causes the virtual potential to be in a reverse electric field, and its surface charge migrates towards copper foil electrode 1 or the housing under the drive of the potential difference, significantly increasing the charge discharge rate. When the wire is suspended, a reverse electric field is formed between copper foil electrode 1 and the wire, with the electric field strength as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Where, d eff This indicates the equivalent distance between the copper foil electrode 1 and the wire.

[0061] This electric field forces the charge on the conductor to migrate more rapidly through weak points in the air or insulation layer, and the charge dissipation time τ satisfies:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, V 阈值 This indicates the voltage threshold for determining if a voltage is floating.

[0064] By intervening with a reverse electric field, the charge dissipation time is shortened to less than 1 second. When the pressure plate is engaged, the wire potential is directly maintained by an external power supply, and the reverse electric field only acts on the surface charge, avoiding interference with the actual potential measurement. Simultaneously, the copper foil electrode 1 and the wire adopt a non-contact design (spacing ≥2mm), combined with the isolation mechanism between the reverse voltage source and the sensor power supply, effectively preventing potential jumps during pressure plate engagement and disengagement and ensuring the stability of the polarized electric field. Compared to traditional passive solutions that rely on natural charge dissipation, this solution, through active electric field intervention, improves response speed while ensuring non-interference under normal operating conditions and system robustness.

[0065] In the detection of the hard plate condition, the output waveform of the electrostatic potential measurement sensor will show significant differences depending on the condition of the plate.

[0066] When the pressure plate is engaged, and a voltage exists on the conductor being measured by the electrostatic potential sensor, because the conductor potential is fixed and the electric field strength is constant, the induced current changes periodically. Therefore, the sensor output waveform is approximately a sine wave, with a peak-to-peak value of V. pp The fluctuation range is ≤±5%, the waveform fluctuates very little, and the standard deviation σ<10mV. The sensor output waveform is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0067] When the pressure plate retracts, and the voltage is removed from the wires measured by the electrostatic potential sensor, the potential in the wires gradually decays due to the gradual discharge of charge. The sensor output waveform shows a peak-to-peak value of V. pp It exhibits exponential decay characteristics, with V in the initial stage pp The waveform is initially high, then gradually decreases to near zero. At this point, the waveform stability is poor, with peak-to-peak fluctuations >20% and a standard deviation σ >50mV. The sensor output waveform is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0068] Based on this, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 Another embodiment of this application provides a rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria. The method is executed in a rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria. By analyzing the peak-to-peak attenuation characteristics and fluctuations of the waveform, rapid detection and judgment of the floating potential is achieved. The method includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Collect the conductor voltage signal and use a digital low-pass filter to suppress high-frequency noise in the signal;

[0070] For example,

[0071] The high-frequency noise suppressed by the digital low-pass filter is specifically as follows:

[0072] The signal is processed using the transfer function of a second-order Butterworth filter, then discretized to derive a difference equation, and finally the processed signal is output using the difference equation.

[0073] The transfer function of the second-order Butterworth filter is:

[0074]

[0075] Where, ω c The angular frequency form representing the cutoff frequency and ω c =2πf c f c Indicates the cutoff frequency and f c =500Hzf, where s is the frequency response of the filter;

[0076] The difference equation is:

[0077] y[n]=0.0201x[n]+0.0402x[n-1]+0.0201x[n-2]+1.561y[n-1]-0.6414y[n-2]

[0078] Where x[n] represents the input signal and y[n] represents the output signal.

[0079] Step 2: Feature extraction of the signal, specifically including: dynamically tracking the peak-to-peak value of the signal to obtain the peak-to-peak value sequence; performing exponential fitting on the peak-to-peak value sequence to calculate the signal decay rate; and using a sliding window to calculate the waveform standard deviation to obtain the signal volatility quantization.

[0080] Peak-to-peak dynamic tracking is used to calculate the peak-to-peak value of the waveform in real time within each cycle and record its change curve over time. The formula is:

[0081] V pp (k)=max(y[kN:(k+1)N])-min(y[kN:(k+1)N])

[0082] Where N represents the number of sampling points per cycle, which is 100 here, and k represents the cycle index and k = 0, 1, ..., 100.

[0083] The decay rate is calculated by performing an exponential fit on the peak-to-peak sequence and extracting the decay coefficient α, as shown in the formula:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, t i V represents a time series. pp This represents the peak-to-peak value sequence of the acquired signal;

[0086] Volatility quantification uses a sliding window (100ms window length) to calculate the waveform standard deviation, characterizing the volatility intensity. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Step 3: Determine the potential state based on the characteristics of the extracted signal, which includes the following steps:

[0089] Step 31: Determine the peak-to-peak value of the signal using the primary criteria, specifically:

[0090] If the peak-to-peak value decrease rate is greater than 15% for three consecutive sampling periods, it is marked as "suspected hanging". The primary criterion formula is:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, V pp This represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal.

[0093] Step 32: Determine the signal volatility and attenuation coefficient using secondary criteria, specifically as follows:

[0094] If the volatility σ > 50mV and the decay rate α > 0.1 / s in the "suspected suspended state", then it is determined to be a "suspended state".

[0095] Step 33: Combining the primary and secondary criteria, output the final potential state, specifically as follows:

[0096] Combining the primary and secondary criteria, a status flag indicating either "floating state" or "non-floating state" is output. It should be noted that the copper foil electrodes, shielding sheets, motors, induction electrodes, and signal processing circuits used in this application are all existing electronic components in the art. Those skilled in the art can understand the circuit structures and interconnections of these electronic components based on existing publicly available technical knowledge and documentation. This application's embodiments will not elaborate on these details further, and those skilled in the art can freely select appropriate models as needed; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, characterized in that, The device includes a sensor housing and a detection module. The sensor housing has a wire groove inside, and the detection module is located below the wire groove inside the sensor housing. The detection module includes a copper foil electrode, a shielding sheet, a sensing electrode, and a signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode is located below the wire groove, and the sensing electrode is located below the copper foil electrode. The shielding sheet is located between the copper foil electrode and the sensing electrode and is rotated by a motor. The sensing electrode is electrically connected to the signal processing circuit, and the copper foil electrode is supplied with an inverse voltage from the wire to be detected.

2. The electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding sheet is grounded.

3. The rapid electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper foil electrode is configured to be non-contact with the wire.

4. A rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria, characterized in that, The method is performed in the electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, and the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect the conductor voltage signal and use a digital low-pass filter to suppress high-frequency noise in the signal; Step 2: Feature extraction of the signal, specifically including: dynamically tracking the peak-to-peak value of the signal to obtain the peak-to-peak value sequence; performing exponential fitting on the peak-to-peak value sequence to calculate the signal decay rate; and using a sliding window to calculate the waveform standard deviation to obtain the signal volatility quantization. Step 3: Determine the potential state based on the characteristics of the signal extraction point.

5. The rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 1, the digital low-pass filter is used to suppress high-frequency noise in the signal, specifically as follows: The signal is processed using the transfer function of a second-order Butterworth filter, then discretized to derive a difference equation, and finally the processed signal is output using the difference equation. The transfer function of the second-order Butterworth filter is: in, The angular frequency form representing the cutoff frequency and , Indicates the cutoff frequency. This refers to the frequency response of the filter. The difference equation is: in, Indicates the input signal. This indicates the output signal.

6. The rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for dynamic tracking of peak-to-peak values ​​in step 2 is: in, This indicates the number of sampling points per cycle. Indicates a periodic index; The decay rate formula is: in, Representing a time series, This represents the peak-to-peak value sequence of the acquired signal; The formula for quantifying volatility is: 。 7. The rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 3 specifically includes the following steps: Step 31: Determine the peak-to-peak value of the signal using the primary criteria; Step 32: Determine the signal volatility and attenuation coefficient using secondary criteria; Step 33: Combine the primary criterion and the secondary criterion to output the final potential state.

8. The rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step 31 specifically involves: if the peak-to-peak value decrease rate is >15% for three consecutive sampling periods, it is marked as "suspected suspended". The preliminary criterion formula is: in, This represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal.

9. The rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step 32 specifically involves: if the "suspected suspended" state, the volatility... >50mV and decay rate If the value is greater than 0.1 / s, it is determined to be in a "suspended state".

10. The rapid electrostatic potential detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature criteria according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step 33 specifically involves combining the primary and secondary criteria to output a status flag indicating either "suspended state" or "non-suspended state".

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