Water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supplement

Abstract

The application relates to a water-saving irrigation device for root directional water supplement applied to the field of agricultural irrigation technology. Through the setting of a root growth unit, the water reaching depth changes with the root growth at different periods according to the growth law of crops, directional water supplement to the roots is realized, compared with the drip irrigation of the prior art which is only surface irrigation, the root water acquisition efficiency is significantly improved, and then the stable growth of crops is ensured. Meanwhile, in cooperation with the setting of a sensing strip, the loosening or component aging of the irrigation vertical pipe buried underground can be monitored. When loosening or component aging occurs at the connecting nodes of two irrigation vertical pipes, the protection effect of the sensing strip on the inner side of the corresponding position is poor due to the compression effect of the external soil. At this time, a certain bending occurs, the laser path of the laser is shielded, and then the loosening condition is found in time, so that the staff can timely overhaul and maintain normal irrigation of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an irrigation device, and more particularly to a water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply applied in the field of agricultural irrigation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Drip irrigation is a method of watering crops by delivering water and nutrients, drop by drop, into the soil around the crop roots through a pipeline system and emitters installed on capillary tubes, according to the crop's water requirements. Current smart agriculture drip irrigation systems are equipped with corresponding control systems that can intelligently control the start and stop of each drip tape, primarily achieving uniform and synchronized irrigation of crops.

[0003] However, in existing drip irrigation technologies, the irrigation water volume remains consistent across all areas along the same drip irrigation tape route, excluding unexpected situations such as drip nozzle blockage. For example, the drip irrigation tape and drip irrigation tape device disclosed in the Chinese patent specification with announcement number CN118303309A. However, for crops, some crops in the same area may wither or fail to survive, resulting in water waste in that area. Furthermore, existing drip irrigation technology is generally surface irrigation, which is suitable for the early stages of crop growth when the root system has just started to grow or has not yet grown. As the crop grows, its root system gradually extends downwards. Surface irrigation makes it difficult for most of the water to penetrate to the root system, resulting in limited water absorption by the roots and limited water utilization. This can even have a certain impact on the stable growth of crops. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that as crops grow, their roots are far from the ground surface, making it difficult for them to absorb drip irrigation water smoothly, which affects crop growth and water resource utilization.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water replenishment, comprising a control system and an irrigation horizontal pipe. Multiple evenly distributed branch pipes are fixedly connected to the outer end of the irrigation horizontal pipe. Water collection hoppers are fixedly connected to the ends of the branch pipes. A root-following growth unit is connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper. The root-following growth unit includes an irrigation vertical pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper and a liquid-changing component located within the water collection hopper and the irrigation vertical pipe. The irrigation vertical pipe includes a surface pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper and multiple sequentially threaded extension pipes. The system includes an underground pipe and a connecting ring fixedly connected to the lower end of the underground pipe. The fluid transformation assembly includes an electric push rod fixedly connected to the middle of the water collection hopper, a connecting rod fixedly connected to the extended end of the electric push rod, and a water transformation plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface pipe and the inner wall of the connecting ring. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to the water transformation plate in the surface pipe and moves through the water transformation plates in multiple connecting rings. A surface water outlet hole is drilled in the middle of the outer end of the surface pipe. Multiple water outlet filter plates are fixedly embedded in the outer end of the underground pipe near the connecting ring. The water outlet filter plates include a metal mesh layer and an inner dense mesh layer attached to the inner wall of the metal mesh layer.

[0006] In the aforementioned root-oriented water-saving irrigation device, by setting up root-growth units, the depth of irrigation water reaches the root system at different stages according to the growth pattern of the crop, thereby achieving targeted water replenishment to the root system. Compared with the existing drip irrigation technology that only irrigates the surface, this significantly improves the efficiency of the root system in obtaining water, thus ensuring the stable growth of the crop.

[0007] As a further improvement of this application, the bottom of the bottom connecting ring is sealed, and no water-changing plate is set inside the bottom connecting ring.

[0008] As a further improvement of this application, a sealing ring is also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface pipe, the surface water outlet is located between the sealing ring and the water-changing plate, and the surface water outlet is higher than the ground. A sealing plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the extended end of the electric push rod, the sealing plate is located above the sealing ring, and the outer diameter of the sealing plate is larger than the inner diameter of the sealing ring.

[0009] As a further improvement of this application, multiple push plates are also fixedly connected to the outer end of the connecting rod. The multiple push plates are located below the multiple variable water plates corresponding to the connecting ring, and the distance gradient between the multiple push plates and the upper variable water plates increases along the downward direction.

[0010] As a further improvement of this application, the variable water plate includes an outer fixed ring and a central sealing plate snapped into the middle of the outer fixed ring, wherein the outer diameter of the push plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the central sealing plate.

[0011] As another improvement of this application, sensing strips are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface tube and the inner walls of multiple connecting rings corresponding to the water level changer. The sensing strips are located below the water level changer. A locking strip is fixedly connected to the bottom outer end of the sensing strip. A locking groove is also carved in the inner wall of the connecting ring. The locking strip and the locking groove on the connecting ring below the sensing strip engage with each other. A laser is also fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the lowest connecting ring. Multiple sensing strips and lasers are coaxially arranged.

[0012] As a further improvement to this application, the sensing strip includes two positioning segments and a sensing segment fixedly connected between the two positioning segments. A light-transmitting hole is drilled in the middle of the positioning segment, the sensing segment is a non-transparent flexible structure, and the outer fixing ring is a transparent structure.

[0013] A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply, the control system including a control center, a timing unit connected to the control center by signals, and an interactive unit for data setting within the timing unit, the method of using it includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. First, based on the crop type, multiple growth time nodes of the root-growth unit are set in the timing unit through the interactive unit;

[0015] S2. Irrigation water is transported through horizontal irrigation pipes, distributed to water collection buckets through multiple branch pipes, and transported to the crop roots through multiple vertical irrigation pipes.

[0016] S3. When the timing unit detects that the first growth time node has been reached, the control center controls the liquid leveling component to shorten, causing the first water leveling plate to open. At this time, the irrigation water can pass through the first water leveling plate and continue to extend below the ground, bringing the irrigation water closer to the crop roots and improving the utilization rate of irrigation water.

[0017] S4. Repeat step S3 continuously until multiple growth time nodes are completed, so as to achieve the effect of irrigation depth changing with plant growth and form an irrigation system that provides targeted watering according to root growth.

[0018] S5. After the crops have finished growing and been harvested, or after some crops have withered, the control center controls the liquid-converting component to shorten, thereby closing the corresponding water collection inlet. Steps S1-S4 will be repeated when the next crop is planted for the next round of crop irrigation.

[0019] As another improvement of this application, a capillary channel is provided inside the sensing section, and a connecting pipe is connected between the uppermost sensing strip and the irrigation horizontal pipe, and a spare valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0020] In summary, by setting up root-growth units, the depth of irrigation water reaches the root system at different stages according to the crop's growth pattern, achieving targeted water replenishment to the roots. Compared to existing drip irrigation technologies that only irrigate the surface, this significantly improves the efficiency of water acquisition by the roots, thereby ensuring stable crop growth. Simultaneously, with the addition of sensing strips, loosening monitoring can be performed on underground irrigation risers. When loosening or aging occurs at the connection point between two irrigation risers, the sensing strip on the inner side of the corresponding location is weakened by the pressure of the external soil, causing it to bend and block the laser path, thus promptly detecting the loosening and facilitating timely repairs by staff to maintain normal irrigation for the crops. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the first embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the root-growth unit portion of the first embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a radial section of the root-growth unit in the first embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial front cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the variable fluid assembly according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change in irrigation depth of the root growth unit according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the root-growth unit according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connecting ring according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing strip according to the second embodiment of this application.

[0030] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0031] 1. Irrigation horizontal pipe, 101. Branch pipe, 2. Water collection hopper, 3. Surface pipe, 301. Surface water outlet, 4. Underground pipe, 5. Connecting ring, 6. Water outlet filter, 61. Metal mesh layer, 62. Inner dense mesh layer, 7. Water variable plate, 71. Outer fixed ring, 72. Central sealing plate, 81. Electric push rod, 82. Connecting rod, 83. Sealing plate, 84. Push plate, 85. Sealing ring, 9. Sensing strip, 91. Sensing section, 92. Positioning section, 901. Locking strip, 902. Light transmission hole, 903. Laser. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The three embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] First implementation method:

[0034] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water replenishment, comprising a control system and an irrigation horizontal pipe 1. Multiple evenly distributed branch pipes 101 are fixedly connected to the outer end of the irrigation horizontal pipe 1. Water collection hoppers 2 are fixedly connected to the ends of the branch pipes 101. A root-following growth unit is connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper 2. The root-following growth unit includes an irrigation vertical pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper 2 and a variable liquid component located within the water collection hopper 2 and the irrigation vertical pipe. During irrigation, irrigation water flows along the irrigation horizontal pipe 1 and the branch pipes 101 into the water collection hopper 2, and then into the root-following growth unit. Through the design of the root-following growth unit, the depth of irrigation water reaches the root system at different stages according to the crop's growth pattern, achieving targeted water replenishment to the roots. Compared to existing drip irrigation technologies that only irrigate the surface, this significantly improves the efficiency of water acquisition by the roots, thereby ensuring stable crop growth.

[0035] like Figure 2-3 The irrigation riser includes a surface pipe 3 fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper 2, and multiple extension pipes connected in sequence by threads. The extension pipe includes an underground pipe 4 and a connecting ring 5 fixedly connected to the lower end of the underground pipe 4. Multiple water outlet filter plates 6 are fixedly embedded at the outer end of the underground pipe 4 near the connecting ring 5. The water outlet filter plate 6 includes a metal mesh layer 61 and an inner dense mesh layer 62 attached to the inner wall of the metal mesh layer 61. The inner dense mesh layer 62 is used to intercept external soil, making it difficult for external soil to enter the irrigation riser and protecting its internal structure from soil impact. The bottom of the connecting ring 5 is sealed, making it difficult for soil to enter the irrigation riser. The bottom of the connecting ring 5 does not have a water-changing plate 7. The last connecting ring 5 does not need to be opened. When the previous water-changing plate 7 is opened, the irrigation water can seep out directly along the water outlet filter plate 6 above it.

[0036] like Figure 4The variable liquid component includes an electric push rod 81 fixedly connected to the middle of the water collection hopper 2, a connecting rod 82 fixedly connected to the extended end of the electric push rod 81, and a variable water plate 7 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface tube 3 and the inner wall of the connecting ring 5. The connecting rod 82 is fixedly connected to the variable water plate 7 inside the surface tube 3 and moves through multiple connecting rings 5. The variable water plate 7 includes an outer fixed ring 71 and a central sealing piece 72 snapped into the middle of the outer fixed ring 71. A surface water outlet hole 301 is drilled in the middle of the outer end of the surface tube 3. In the early stage of planting, only surface irrigation is needed. At this time, the irrigation water only flows from the surface tube 3. Water seeps out from the surface outlet 301, thus providing surface irrigation for the crop. At this time, multiple variable water plates 7 are in a closed state. As the crop grows, its roots gradually grow downwards. At this time, the control system can control the electric push rod 81 to shorten at the corresponding time node, thereby driving the push plate 84 to move upwards, so that it contacts the central sealing plate 72 and pushes it to separate from the outer fixed ring 71, so that the irrigation water can move downwards along the opened variable water plate 7, making the irrigation depth adapt to the growth of the root system, facilitating the acquisition of water, improving the utilization rate of water resources, and ensuring stable crop growth.

[0037] like Figure 5 Multiple pusher plates 84 are located below multiple variable water plates 7 corresponding to the connecting ring 5. Along the downward direction, the distance gradient between the multiple pusher plates 84 and the upper variable water plate 7 increases, so that when the electric push rod 81 shortens and the connecting rod 82 rises, the multiple pusher plates 84 do not contact the corresponding variable water plate 7 at the same time. Thus, when the electric push rod 81 shortens each time, the opening of the variable water plate 7 at the corresponding time node can be controlled by controlling the shortening amplitude. The outer diameter of the pusher plate 84 is smaller than the outer diameter of the central sealing plate 72, so that it can stably pass through the center of the outer fixed ring 71, making it less likely for the upper pusher plate 84 to affect the opening of the lower multiple variable water plates 7.

[0038] like Figure 4 The inner wall of the surface pipe 3 is also fixedly connected to a sealing ring 85. The surface water outlet 301 is located between the sealing ring 85 and the variable water plate 7, and the surface water outlet 301 is higher than the ground. The outer end of the extended end of the electric push rod 81 is fixedly connected to a sealing plate 83. The sealing plate 83 is located above the sealing ring 85, and the outer diameter of the sealing plate 83 is larger than the inner diameter of the sealing ring 85. In existing smart agriculture systems, large-area irrigation is generally equipped with drone inspection. When it is detected that crops in some areas have withered, the control system of this irrigation device can control the electric push rod 81 in the corresponding water collection hopper 2 to extend after obtaining the drone inspection information, thereby causing the sealing plate 83 to move down until it touches the sealing ring 85, thus effectively sealing the lower opening of the water collection hopper 2 and stopping irrigation at this point. Compared with the existing technology where a single drip irrigation line is always irrigated synchronously regardless of the crop growth status, this effectively saves water resources.

[0039] It is worth noting that during the installation of this irrigation device, the surface water outlet 301 is positioned above the ground surface, while the lower part of the surface pipe 3 is positioned below the ground surface, thereby ensuring that the entire irrigation riser is buried below the ground surface, which facilitates targeted underground irrigation of crop roots.

[0040] A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply, the control system including a control center, a timing unit connected to the control center by signals, and an interactive unit for data setting within the timing unit, the method of using it includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. First, based on the crop type, multiple growth time nodes of the root-growth unit are set in the timing unit through the interactive unit;

[0042] S2. Irrigation water is transported through irrigation horizontal pipe 1, and dispersed to water collection hopper 2 through multiple branch pipes 101, and transported to crop roots through multiple irrigation vertical pipes;

[0043] S3, such as Figure 6 When the timing unit detects that the first growth time node has been reached, the control center controls the liquid-changing component to shorten, causing the first water-changing plate 7 to open. At this time, the irrigation water can pass through the first water-changing plate 7 and continue to extend below the ground, bringing the irrigation water closer to the crop roots and improving the utilization rate of irrigation water.

[0044] S4. Repeat step S3 continuously until multiple growth time nodes are completed, so as to achieve the effect of irrigation depth changing with plant growth and form an irrigation system that provides targeted watering according to root growth.

[0045] S5. After the crops have finished growing and been harvested, or after some crops have withered, the control center controls the liquid-changing component to shorten, thereby closing the corresponding water collection hopper 2 opening. Steps S1-S4 will be repeated when the next crop is planted to carry out the next round of crop irrigation.

[0046] In summary, by setting up root-growth units, the depth of irrigation water reaches the root system at different stages according to the crop's growth pattern, achieving targeted water replenishment to the root system. Compared with existing technologies such as drip irrigation that only irrigates the surface, this significantly improves the efficiency of root system in obtaining water, thereby ensuring stable crop growth.

[0047] It is worth noting that, generally speaking, humidity sensors are pre-embedded in the soil in smart irrigation technology. This irrigation device can also be used with a humidity sensor. When this irrigation device irrigates according to the approximate time of plant root development, the amount of irrigation water can be adjusted with reference to the data of the humidity sensor to maintain a good water-saving effect and effectively avoid over-irrigation.

[0048] Second implementation method:

[0049] This embodiment adds a sensing strip 9 and its related structures to the first embodiment, while the rest remains the same as the first embodiment.

[0050] Figure 7 As shown, sensing strips 9 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the surface tube 3 and the inner walls of the multiple connecting rings 5 ​​corresponding to the water-changing plate 7. The sensing strips 9 are located below the water-changing plate 7 and are in contact with the adjacent water-changing plates 7, making it difficult for the light-transmitting hole 902 to be blocked. Figure 8 A retaining strip 901 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer end of the sensing strip 9. A retaining groove is also carved into the inner wall of the connecting ring 5. The retaining strip 901 engages with the retaining groove on the connecting ring 5 below the sensing strip 9. A laser 903 is also fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the lowest connecting ring 5. The laser 903 is located inside the sensing strip 9. Multiple sensing strips 9 and the laser 903 are coaxially arranged, such as... Figure 9 The sensing strip 9 includes two positioning segments 92 and a sensing segment 91 fixedly connected between the two positioning segments 92. A light-transmitting hole 902 is drilled in the middle of each positioning segment 92. The sensing segment 91 is a non-transparent flexible structure, while the outer fixing ring 71 is a transparent structure. Under normal circumstances, the laser emitted by the laser 903 can pass through the sensing strip 9 and the transparent outer fixing ring 71 to irradiate the sealing ring 85. However, when the connection between the underground pipe 4 and the connecting ring 5 becomes loose, or when components age, the strength of the corresponding lower extension pipe is damaged. Under the influence of external soil, it will deform to a certain extent, at which point the sensing strip 9 inside will lose its function. The mutual stability constraint between the two lower extension tubes will cause a certain degree of bending deformation. Due to the opacity of the sensing section 91, the laser beam has difficulty passing through, resulting in a significant change in the data acquired by the laser 903. This signal can be fed back to the control system, which then alerts the staff to the abnormality of the lower extension tube through SMS, mobile APP, control center alarm, etc. Based on this, after the end of a crop growth cycle, the staff can maintain the lower extension tube in time before the next round of crop planting, so that the irrigation water is less likely to leak prematurely and effectively ensures targeted irrigation of the crop roots.

[0051] The multiple lower extension tubes can be disassembled, eliminating the need for complete replacement during maintenance and effectively reducing implementation costs. In practice, the multiple lower extension tubes can also be configured as an integrated structure, allowing for complete replacement when needed. The actual configuration can be determined based on specific requirements.

[0052] Alternatively, if the sensing strip 9 is not provided, the water outlet filter 6 in the first embodiment may also be omitted, and holes such as surface water outlet holes can be drilled at the corresponding locations.

[0053] With the addition of sensing strip 9, loosening monitoring can be performed on underground irrigation risers. When loosening or aging occurs at the connection point of two irrigation risers, the protection effect of sensing strip 9 on the inner side of the corresponding location deteriorates due to the pressure of the external soil. At this time, it will bend to a certain extent, blocking the laser path of laser 903, thereby detecting the loosening in time, which is convenient for staff to carry out timely maintenance and maintain normal irrigation for crops.

[0054] The third implementation method:

[0055] The sensing section 91 is equipped with capillary channels. The uppermost sensing strip 9 is connected to the irrigation horizontal pipe 1 by a connecting pipe, and a spare valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0056] In this embodiment, multiple sensing strips 9 are connected vertically as one unit, that is, the upper end of the sensing strip 9 passes through the corresponding water-changing plate 7 and is fixed to the bottom of the previous sensing strip 9. When the underground irrigation riser becomes loose or ages, it indicates that some irrigation water will overflow in advance, making it difficult for deep roots to obtain the expected water. When the laser 903 obtains this signal, it first closes the sealing ring and at the same time opens the backup valve, so that some water can flow directly into the sensing strip 9 and diffuse along it into the deep soil, thereby realizing the compensation water replenishment after the irrigation riser is abnormal, thus effectively ensuring the stable growth of plants.

[0057] In light of current practical needs, the above-described embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to these. Any changes made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply, characterized in that: The system includes a control system and an irrigation horizontal pipe (1). The control system includes a control center, a timing unit connected to the control center, and an interactive unit for setting data within the timing unit. The irrigation horizontal pipe (1) has multiple evenly distributed branch pipes (101) fixedly connected to its outer end. The ends of the multiple branch pipes (101) are fixedly connected to a water collection hopper (2). The lower end of the water collection hopper (2) is connected to a root-following growth unit. The root-following growth unit includes an irrigation vertical pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper (2) and a liquid-changing component located within the water collection hopper (2) and the irrigation vertical pipe. The irrigation vertical pipe includes a surface pipe (3) fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collection hopper (2) and multiple extension pipes connected in sequence by threads. The extension pipe includes an underground pipe (4) and a connecting ring (5) fixedly connected to the lower end of the underground pipe (4). The liquid-changing component includes an electric push rod (81) fixedly connected to the middle of the water collection hopper (2), a connecting rod (82) fixedly connected to the extended end of the electric push rod (81), and a connecting rod (82) fixedly connected to the surface pipe. The water-changing plate (7) is located on the inner wall of the pipe (3) and the inner wall of the connecting ring (5). The water-changing plate (7) includes an outer fixed ring (71) and a central sealing plate (72) that is snapped into the middle of the outer fixed ring (71). The outer end of the connecting rod (82) is also fixedly connected to a plurality of push plates (84). The outer diameter of the push plates (84) is smaller than the outer diameter of the central sealing plate (72). The connecting rod (82) is fixedly connected to the water-changing plate (7) inside the surface pipe (3) and moves through the water-changing plate (7) inside the plurality of connecting rings (5). The connection between the plate (7) and the surface tube (3) is located on the outer fixed ring (71). The connection between the water-changing plate (7) inside the surface tube (3) and the connecting rod (82) is located on the central sealing plate (72). A surface water outlet hole (301) is drilled in the middle of the outer end of the surface tube (3). Multiple water outlet filter plates (6) are fixedly embedded in the outer end of the underground pipe (4) near the connecting ring (5). The water outlet filter plate (6) includes a metal mesh layer (61) and an inner dense mesh layer (62) attached to the inner wall of the metal mesh layer (61). The inner wall of the surface tube (3) is also fixedly connected to a sealing ring (85). The surface water outlet (301) is located between the sealing ring (85) and the water-changing plate (7), and the surface water outlet (301) is higher than the ground. The extension end of the electric push rod (81) is fixedly connected to a sealing plate (83). The sealing plate (83) is located above the sealing ring (85), and the outer diameter of the sealing plate (83) is larger than the inner diameter of the sealing ring (85). The bottom of the bottom connecting ring (5) is sealed, and no water-changing plate (7) is set inside the bottom connecting ring (5); multiple push plates (84) are located below the multiple water-changing plates (7) corresponding to the connecting ring (5), and the distance gradient between the multiple push plates (84) and the upper water-changing plate (7) increases along the downward direction.

2. The water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sensing strips (9) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface tube (3) and the inner walls of the multiple connecting rings (5) corresponding to the water-changing plate (7). The sensing strips (9) are located below the water-changing plate (7). A locking strip (901) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer end of the sensing strip (9). A slot is also chiseled in the inner wall of the connecting ring (5). The locking strip (901) and the slot on the connecting ring (5) below the sensing strip (9) are engaged with each other. A laser (903) is fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the lowest connecting ring (5). The multiple sensing strips (9) and the laser (903) are coaxially arranged.

3. A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensing strip (9) includes two positioning segments (92) and a sensing segment (91) fixedly connected between the two positioning segments (92). A light-transmitting hole (902) is drilled in the middle of the positioning segment (92). The sensing segment (91) is a non-transparent flexible structure. The outer fixed ring (71) is a transparent structure.

4. A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: Its usage includes the following steps: S1. First, based on the crop type, multiple growth time nodes of the root-growth unit are set in the timing unit through the interactive unit; S2. Irrigation water is transported through irrigation horizontal pipe (1) and distributed to water collection bucket (2) through multiple branch pipes (101), and transported to the crop roots through multiple irrigation vertical pipes; S3. When the timing unit detects that the first growth time node has been reached, the control center controls the liquid-changing component to shorten, so that the first water-changing plate (7) is opened. At this time, the irrigation water can pass through the first water-changing plate (7) and continue to extend below the ground, so that the irrigation water is closer to the crop roots and the utilization rate of irrigation water is improved. S4. Repeat step S3 continuously until multiple growth time nodes are completed, so as to achieve the effect of irrigation depth changing with plant growth and form an irrigation system that provides targeted watering according to root growth. S5. After the crops have finished growing and been harvested, or after some crops have withered, the control center controls the liquid-changing component to shorten, thereby closing the opening of the corresponding water-collecting bucket (2) until the next crop is planted, and then repeats steps S1-S4 to carry out the next round of crop irrigation.

5. A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensing section (91) is provided with capillary channels, and the uppermost sensing strip (9) is connected to the irrigation horizontal pipe (1) by a connecting pipe, on which a spare valve is installed.

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