Cam-driven multi-directional adjustable compound motion fiber unwinding device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of fiber filament pre-impregnated tape unwinding, a cam drive type multi-direction adjustable composite motion fiber unwinding device, comprising a rack, a one-way motion cam mechanism, a composite motion cam mechanism, an upper row of unwinding roller groups, a lower row of unwinding roller groups, a position adjusting module, and a rotation fixed mode switching mechanism; the rack comprises a convex horizontal mounting bottom plate, a B-shaped mounting side plate, and an arch door type vertical mounting plate, the convex horizontal mounting bottom plate upper surface is integrated with an open type linear guide rail module, the convex horizontal mounting bottom plate, the B-shaped mounting side plate, and the arch door type vertical mounting plate are fixed to form a gantry type structure, which greatly ensures the stability of the entire unwinding link. Under the condition that the initial width of the carbon fiber bundle is 6 mm, the amplitude is 20 mm, the frequency is 15 Hz, and the inclined groove cam inclined groove included angle is 15°, the width after unwinding can reach 24 mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber prepreg tape spreading, and particularly to a cam-driven multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of fiber material processing, fiber spreading equipment is a key piece of equipment for ensuring uniform fiber dispersion, reducing internal stress, and improving the quality of finished products. Traditional fiber spreading equipment mostly adopts a fixed roller group structure, with limited roller positions and motion modes, making it difficult to adapt to the processing needs of fibers with different fineness, strength, and surface properties. For example, existing technologies use linear guides to achieve unidirectional reciprocating motion of the roller group, which can partially improve tension distribution, but suffers from rigid motion trajectory and poor adjustment flexibility, resulting in insufficient interlayer slippage of fibers and limited spreading uniformity. This is especially prone to causing fiber breakage or wrinkling defects for ultrafine or high-strength fibers. In addition, some improvement schemes attempt to introduce oscillation functions, but these rely on independent drive mechanisms, leading to complex equipment structures, low synchronization accuracy, and difficulty in achieving synergy with reciprocating motion. For example, many current transverse vibration spreading equipment uses multiple motors to drive the upper and lower roller groups separately, achieving a combination of oscillation and linear motion, but suffers from drawbacks such as complex control logic, high energy consumption, and difficult maintenance. On the other hand, existing equipment's roller position adjustment is mostly limited to a single direction, making it impossible to precisely control fiber contact pressure and wrap angle in three-dimensional space. Furthermore, it lacks the ability to quickly switch between rotation and fixed modes, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of low-friction processing and fiber spreading / setting. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly integrated fiber spreading device with dynamically coordinated motion parameters. This device should simplify the mechanical structure while achieving precise control of fiber tension and optimization of spreading morphology, thereby overcoming the limitations of existing technologies on fiber material adaptability and processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is: Traditional fiber spreading equipment generally suffers from limited motion modes, insufficient adjustment flexibility, and difficulty in adapting to the diverse processing needs of different fiber materials (such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid). The invention provides a fiber spreading device with a compact structure and dynamically adaptable parameters, integrating a composite cam drive mechanism, a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjustment module, and dynamic mode switching capabilities, significantly improving fiber spreading uniformity and process adaptability.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a cam-driven multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device, including a frame, a unidirectional motion cam mechanism, a composite motion cam mechanism, an upper row of spreading rollers, a lower row of spreading rollers, a position adjustment module, and a rotation and fixing mode switching mechanism; the frame includes a convex horizontal mounting base plate 1, a B-type mounting side plate 9, and an arch-shaped vertical mounting plate 10. An open-type linear guide rail module is integrated on the upper surface of the convex horizontal mounting base plate 1. The convex horizontal mounting base plate 1, the B-type mounting side plate 9, and the arch-shaped vertical mounting plate 10 are fixed together to form a gantry structure, greatly ensuring the overall... The stability of the yarn spreading process is ensured; the upper row of yarn spreading rollers includes at least three parallel long rollers 34 (the number of rollers can be increased or decreased at any time according to the vibration spreading requirements and installation space), an upper row of yarn spreading rollers mounting plate 6, an upper row of yarn spreading rollers mounting base plate 5, an optical axis guide rail 7, and a control position threaded block 29. The two ends of the long rollers 34 are connected to the optical axis guide rail 7. The upper row of yarn spreading rollers mounting base plate 5 is connected to a one-way motion cam mechanism through the control position threaded block 29. The one-way motion cam mechanism drives the upper row of yarn spreading rollers to perform horizontal reciprocating linear motion along the axial direction of the long rollers 34, with a motion frequency range of 0-20. The stroke amplitude is dynamically adjusted by the cam eccentricity of the unidirectional motion cam mechanism. The lower row of yarn spreading rollers includes an arc-shaped mounting plate 20, a vibration shaft 25, and at least two parallel short rollers 33. The arc-shaped mounting plate 20 consists of two symmetrical pieces. The vibration shaft 25 and the short rollers 33 are mounted between the two arc-shaped mounting plates. The compound motion cam mechanism is connected to the vibration shaft 25. The compound motion cam mechanism drives the short rollers 33 on the arc-shaped mounting plate 20 to perform a compound motion of oscillation along the circumference of the vibration shaft 25 and reciprocating linear motion along the axial direction of the vibration shaft 25 through the vibration shaft 25. The oscillation angle range is 5°-30°. The position adjustment module includes an X-axis adjustment mechanism, a Y-axis adjustment mechanism, and a Z-axis adjustment mechanism. The rotation fixed mode switching mechanism includes an electromagnetic clutch, a mechanical buckle, and a servo drive module. When the electromagnetic clutch is energized, it releases the short rollers and drives the short rollers to rotate by the servo drive module. The speed range is adjustable from 0-500 rpm. When the power is off, the short rollers are locked by the mechanical buckle.

[0005] There are four B-type mounting side plates 9 and two arch-shaped vertical mounting plates 10. One arch-shaped vertical mounting plate and two B-type mounting side plates form a "["-shaped left arch side frame, and the remaining one arch-shaped vertical mounting plate and two B-type mounting side plates form a "]"-shaped right arch side frame. The left and right arch side frames are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the convex horizontal mounting base plate 1. The front and rear sides of the convex horizontal mounting base plate 1 protrude from between the left and right arch side frames to form front and rear protruding ear plates.

[0006] The unidirectional motion cam mechanism includes a cylindrical cam 16 (made of hardened steel and chrome-plated), a cam follower 17, a cam drive frame, a cam vibration fixing plate 11, an indexing pin fixing plate 18, a miniature linear track module, and a 6201 vertical bearing with a seat 15. The cylindrical cam 16 is a cylinder with a curved groove on its cylindrical surface. The miniature linear track module includes a miniature linear track 13 and a miniature linear slider 14. The 6201 vertical bearing with a seat 15 axially fixes the cylindrical cam 16 to the cam vibration fixing plate 11. The indexing pin fixing plate 18 connects the cam follower 17 and the indexing pin knob plunger 19 to the miniature linear slider 14 through a screw pair. When the cylindrical cam 16 rotates, the rotary groove on the cylindrical cam 16 drives the indexing pin knob plunger 19 and the cam follower 17 to perform linear reciprocating motion along the direction of the miniature linear track 13.

[0007] The composite motion cam mechanism includes a unidirectional motion cam mechanism and a slanted cylindrical cam drive mechanism. The slanted cylindrical cam drive mechanism includes a slanted cylindrical cam 24, a 6001 vertical bearing with a mounting seat 27, an L-shaped cam baffle 28, an internal / external thread adapter screw 36, and a coupling 35. The slanted cylindrical cam 24 is fixed to the cam vibration fixing plate 11 via the 6001 vertical bearing with a mounting seat 27 and the L-shaped cam baffle 28 (limiting the axial movement range of the slanted cylindrical cam 24). The cam vibration fixing plate 11 and the L-shaped cam... The indexing pin knob plunger 19 is fixed between the wheel baffles 28. The cam follower 17 is connected to the inclined cylindrical cam 24 through the internal and external thread adapter screw 36 and the coupling 35. The cylindrical cam 16 drives the cam follower 17 and the inclined cylindrical cam 24 to perform reciprocating linear motion. At the same time, the inclined groove of the indexing pin knob plunger 19 and the inclined cylindrical cam 24 will cause the inclined cam to rotate at a certain angle when feeding or retracting, which will drive the lower row of yarn spreading rollers to swing (this rotation angle is related to the diameter of the inclined cam and the inclination angle of the inclined groove).

[0008] The X-axis adjustment mechanism includes an open linear guide module, the Y-axis adjustment mechanism includes a linear optical axis guide module, and the Z-axis adjustment mechanism includes an open linear guide module. The linear optical axis guide module includes an optical axis guide 7, an optical axis locking slider 8, an optical axis bearing 2, and an anti-collision pad. The open linear guide module includes an open track 3 and an open self-locking slider 4.

[0009] The slant cylindrical cam 24 in the compound motion cam mechanism has a diameter of 50 mm and two slant grooves with angles of 15° and 20° to the axis are machined on its surface. At the same time, depending on the swing angle requirements, it can be replaced with a slant cylindrical cam 24 with slant grooves with angles of 25° and 30° to the axis.

[0010] The upper row of yarn spreading rollers comprises at least three parallel ceramic-coated long rollers 34 (the number of rollers can be increased or decreased as needed based on vibration spreading requirements and installation space), an upper row of yarn spreading rollers mounting plate 6, an upper row of yarn spreading rollers mounting base plate 5, and a control position threaded block 29. The long rollers 34 have a diameter of 25 mm and a tube length of 300 mm. The upper row of yarn spreading rollers mounting plate 6 is made of aluminum alloy and manufactured using sheet metal processing; it is 500 mm long and 165 mm high.

[0011] The lower row of yarn spreading rollers consists of an aluminum alloy arc-shaped mounting plate 20 and at least two parallel ceramic-coated short rollers 33. The short rollers 33 have a diameter of 25 mm and a tube length of 160 mm (to balance vibration range). The arc-shaped mounting plate 20 has a semi-circular arc surface, a length of 400 mm, and a height of 240 mm.

[0012] The arc-shaped mounting plate 20 of the lower row of spreading rollers is distributed on both sides of the shoulder of the vibration shaft 25 and is rigidly connected to the vibration shaft 25 by bolts. The composite motion spreading mechanism connects the vibration shaft 25 to transmit the composite motion of reciprocating linear motion and reciprocating oscillation motion to the short roller 33 of the lower row of spreading rollers.

[0013] The position adjustment module includes a linear optical axis guide rail module and an open linear guide rail module. The linear optical axis guide rail module includes an optical axis guide rail 7, an optical axis locking slider 8, an optical axis bearing 2, and an anti-collision pad, while the open linear guide rail module includes an open track 3 and an open self-locking slider 4.

[0014] The open-type linear guide module is integrated on the convex horizontal mounting base plate 1 and the single-sided arch-shaped vertical mounting plate 10, both with a track length of 500 mm. The linear optical axis guide model is integrated on the upper row of yarn spreading roller assembly mounting plate 6 and the lower row of yarn spreading roller assembly arc-shaped mounting plate 20. Based on vibration space requirements, the optical axis guide 7 on the upper row of yarn spreading roller assembly mounting plate has a length of 500 mm, while the optical axis guide 7 on the arc-shaped mounting plate 20 has a length of 400 mm.

[0015] The sliders used in the position adjustment module are all self-locking sliders, which facilitates fixing the relative position between the yarn spreading rollers.

[0016] The electromagnetic clutch of the rotating fixed mode switching mechanism adopts a dual-mode electromagnetic coil design. When energized, it attracts the armature and releases the roller through the magnetic field. When de-energized, it maintains part of the magnetic force through the permanent magnet to reduce the switching delay. The clutch response time is ≤20 ms and has a built-in temperature sensor and current monitoring module. When an abnormal load is detected, it automatically cuts off the power and triggers an alarm.

[0017] The position adjustment module is integrated between the frame and the roller assembly, including an X-axis adjustment mechanism, a Y-axis adjustment mechanism, and a Z-axis adjustment mechanism. The X-axis adjustment mechanism consists of a control position threaded block 29 fixed to the base plate of the upper row of spreading rollers and an open-type linear guide module. It controls the horizontal vibration displacement and position of the upper row of spreading rollers, with a vibration adjustment range of ±100 mm and a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm. The Y-axis adjustment mechanism consists of a linear optical axis guide module fixed to the mounting plate 6 of the upper row of spreading rollers and the arc-shaped mounting plate 20 of the lower row of spreading rollers. It adjusts the front-to-back distance between the rollers in the upper and lower rows of spreading rollers, with an adjustment range of 0-500 mm. Furthermore, the mounting plate of the upper row of spreading rollers is marked with numerical graduations for precise control of the front-to-back position distance of the rollers. The Z-axis adjustment mechanism consists of a steel plate bearing adjustment seat and an open linear guide module. The open linear guide module and the bearing adjustment seat are respectively installed on the left and right arch-shaped vertical mounting plates 10 to adjust the relative position of the lower row of yarn spreading rollers in the vertical direction. The adjustment range is 0-300 mm. Numerical scales are also marked on the vertical base. The rotation / fixed mode switching mechanism is located in the bearing seats at both ends of each roller and includes an electromagnetic clutch, a mechanical buckle and a servo drive module. When the electromagnetic clutch is energized, it releases the roller and drives the roller to rotate freely by the servo motor through the synchronous belt. The speed range is adjustable from 0-500 rpm. When the power is off, the mechanical buckle locks the roller to form a fixed contact surface.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: For a carbon fiber bundle with an initial width of 6 mm, under the conditions of an amplitude of 20 mm, a frequency of 15 Hz, and a 15° angle between the slant groove and the cam, the bundle width can reach 24 mm (expansion ratio of 4 times), with a uniformity standard deviation of less than 0.2 mm and a breakage rate of less than 3%. After replacing the slant groove cam (slant groove angle of 25°) and adjusting the frequency to 18 Hz, the initial width of the carbon fiber bundle expands from 6 mm to 28 mm, with an expansion ratio of 4.6 times and a uniformity standard deviation of 0.22 mm. By preset optimization parameters for different fiber materials (such as amplitude, frequency, swing angle, and roller speed), and combined with real-time feedback from fiber tension sensors, motion parameters can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to process requirements. For example, when processing microfibers, the amplitude needs to be reduced to 10 mm and the frequency increased to 18 Hz to reduce the stress on the single filament; for high-strength fibers, the swing angle needs to be increased to ±25° and switched to a fixed mode to enhance the lateral separation force by increasing the normal load. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a frontal view of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage state of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the composite motion cam mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the composite motion cam mechanism of the present invention; The components include: 1. Convex horizontal mounting base plate; 2. Optical shaft bearing; 3. Open-type track; 4. Open-type self-locking slider; 5. Upper row of yarn spreading roller assembly mounting base plate; 6. Upper row of yarn spreading roller assembly mounting plate; 7. Optical shaft guide rail; 8. Optical shaft locking slider; 9. Type B mounting side plate; 10. Arch-shaped vertical mounting plate; 11. Cam vibration fixing plate; 12. Cam fixing thickened plate; 13. Miniature linear track; 14. Miniature linear slider; 15. 6201 vertical bearing with seat; 16. Cylindrical cam; 17. Cam follower; 18. Indexing pin fixing plate; 9. Indexing pin knob plunger; 20. Arc-shaped mounting plate; 21. Square flange bearing base; 22. Square flange bearing inner core; 23. Linear optical shaft; 24. Inclined groove cylindrical cam; 25. Vibration shaft; 26. Rigid coupling; 27. 6001 vertical bearing with seat; 28. Cam baffle; 29. ​​Control position threaded block; 30. One-way motion cam fixing plate; 31. Internal and external threaded flange sleeve with cap; 32. One-way vibration threaded rod; 33. Short roller; 34. Long roller; 35. Coupling; 36. Internal and external threaded adapter reducer screw. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The cam-driven multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is used to explain the technical solution of the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of the claims.

[0021] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown, the equipment consists of a frame, a unidirectional motion cam mechanism, a compound motion cam mechanism, an upper row of yarn spreading rollers, a lower row of yarn spreading rollers, a position adjustment module, and a rotation and fixing mode switching mechanism.

[0022] The frame includes a convex horizontal mounting base plate 1, B-type mounting side plates 9, and an arch-shaped vertical mounting plate 10 made of aluminum alloy. The B-type mounting side plates 9 and the arch-shaped vertical mounting plate 10 are connected by bolts to form a gantry-type structure. An open-type linear guide module is pre-installed on the surface of the convex horizontal mounting base plate 1. The open-type linear guide module includes an open-type rail 3 and an open-type self-locking slider 4. There are two open-type rails 3, each with two open-type self-locking sliders. The two open-type rails are symmetrically mounted on the front and rear protruding ear plates. When the open-type self-locking slider is in a non-locking state, it can slide freely on the corresponding open-type rail. When the open-type self-locking slider is in a self-locking state, it is fixed to slide on the corresponding open-type rail. This type of open-type linear guide module already exists in the prior art and will not be described in detail here; it can be purchased directly from the market. In this embodiment, each open-type rail is 500 mm long; in other embodiments, other lengths of open-type rails can be selected as needed.

[0023] The unidirectional motion cam mechanism includes a cylindrical cam 16 (made of hardened steel with chrome plating), a cam follower 17, a cam drive frame, a cam vibration fixing plate 11, an indexing pin fixing plate 18, a miniature linear track module, and a 6201 vertical bearing with a mounting seat 15. The cylindrical cam 16 is a cylinder with curved grooves on its cylindrical surface. The miniature linear track module includes a miniature linear track 13 and a miniature linear slider 14. The 6201 vertical bearing with a mounting seat axially fixes the cylindrical cam 16 to the cam vibration fixing plate 11. The indexing pin fixing plate 18 connects the cam follower 17 and the indexing pin knob plunger 19 to the miniature linear slider 14 via a helical pair. When the cylindrical cam 16 rotates, the rotary groove on the cylindrical cam 16 drives the indexing pin knob plunger 19 and the cam follower 17 to perform linear reciprocating motion along the direction of the miniature linear track 13. In this embodiment, the curved groove on the cylindrical cam 16 is a helical groove with an amplitude of 10-30 mm.

[0024] In one embodiment, the cylindrical cam 16 is machined with helical grooves with amplitudes of 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm, and can be replaced with cylindrical cams 16 with helical grooves with amplitudes of 25 mm and 30 mm according to vibration requirements. When the cylindrical cam 16 rotates around the axis, the grooves cooperate with the indexing pin knob plunger 19 on the cam drive frame to guide the cam follower 17 to perform reciprocating linear motion (lateral vibration) in the horizontal direction.

[0025] The compound motion cam mechanism includes a unidirectional motion cam mechanism and a slanted cylindrical cam drive mechanism. The slanted cylindrical cam drive mechanism includes a slanted cylindrical cam 24, a 6001 vertical bearing with a mounting seat 27, an L-shaped cam baffle 28, an internal / external thread adapter screw 36, and a coupling 35. The slanted cylindrical cam 24 is fixed to the cam vibration fixing plate 11 via the 6001 vertical bearing with a mounting seat 27 and the L-shaped cam baffle 28 (limiting the axial movement range of the slanted cylindrical cam 24). The cam vibration fixing plate 11 and the L-shaped cam baffle... The indexing pin knob plunger 19 is fixed between the plates 28. The cam follower 17 is connected to the inclined cylindrical cam 24 through the internal and external thread adapter screw 36 and the coupling (35). The cylindrical cam 16 drives the cam follower 17 and the inclined cylindrical cam 24 to perform reciprocating linear motion. At the same time, the inclined groove of the indexing pin knob plunger 19 and the inclined cylindrical cam 24 will cause the inclined cam to rotate at a certain angle when feeding or retracting, which will drive the lower row of yarn spreading rollers to swing (this rotation angle is related to the diameter of the inclined cam and the inclined groove inclination angle).

[0026] In one embodiment, the indexing pin fixing plate 18 is connected to the cam vibration fixing plate 11 via a miniature linear track 13. The indexing pin knob plunger 19 is embedded in the groove. The cam follower 17 cooperates with the indexing pin knob plunger 19 via a screw pair. The servo motor drives the cylindrical cam 16 to rotate at a frequency of 0-20 Hz. The compound motion cam mechanism adds a slanted cylindrical cam 24 with a diameter of 50 mm and a 20° angle between the surface slant and the axis. It is fixed by a 6001 vertical bearing with a seat 27 and an L-shaped cam baffle 28. The indexing pin knob plunger 19 cooperates with the slant to realize the oscillating and linear compound motion of the lower roller group.

[0027] In this embodiment, the upper row of spreading rollers consists of three ceramic-coated long rollers 34, each with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 300 mm. Both ends are slidably connected to the linear optical axis guide rail 7 of the upper row of spreading rollers mounting plate via electromagnetic clutches. The mounting plate is connected to the cam follower 17 via a control position threaded block 29, adjusting the horizontal vibration displacement to the initial position. The lower row of spreading rollers consists of two short rollers 33 fixed to an aluminum alloy arc-shaped mounting plate 20. The short rollers have a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 160 mm. The arc-shaped mounting plate 20 is rigidly connected to the vibration shaft 25 via bolts. The end of the vibration shaft is linked to the inclined groove cam 24, with a preset swing angle of ±15°. The position adjustment module adjusts the horizontal vibration displacement of the upper roller group to within ±100 mm by controlling the position threaded block 29, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm; the linear optical axis guide rail 7 adjusts the distance between the upper and lower roller groups to 300 mm, and the digital scale assists in precise positioning; the steel plate bearing adjustment seat adjusts the vertical position of the lower roller group to 150 mm, and the scale on the arch-shaped vertical mounting plate 10 ensures consistent adjustment.

[0028] During operation, the carbon fiber bundle is drawn from the yarn guiding device and passes through the upper and lower rollers in an "S" shaped path. After the servo motor is started, the cylindrical cam 16 rotates at a frequency of 15 Hz, driving the upper roller group to reciprocate horizontally with an amplitude of 20 mm. The inclined cam 24 rotates synchronously, driving the short roller 33 of the lower roller group to perform a compound motion with a swing angle of ±15°, forming a symmetrical tension field with a phase difference of 180° with the upper roller group. The PLC controller presets the carbon fiber optimization parameters: amplitude 20 mm, frequency 15 Hz, swing angle ±15°, and roller speed 200 rpm. The fiber tension sensor monitors the tension fluctuation in real time. When local tension exceeds the limit, it automatically reduces the amplitude to 18 mm and adjusts the swing angle to ±12°. The electromagnetic clutch switches the roller mode. In the rotating mode, the roller rotates freely to reduce friction damage. In the fixed mode, the mechanical latch locks the roller to lift the normal load. The clutch response time of 18 ms ensures no delay in switching.

[0029] Under conditions of 20 mm amplitude and 15 Hz frequency, the initial width of the carbon fiber bundle was expanded to 24 mm, with a width-to-width ratio of 4 times and a uniformity standard deviation of 0.18 mm, significantly better than the 0.5 mm deviation of traditional equipment. The three-dimensional position adjustment module precisely controls the wrap angle and contact pressure, reducing the interlayer slippage rate of fibers by 40%. The fiber breakage rate is 2.8% in rotation mode and 4.5% in fixed mode, far lower than the 8% of traditional equipment. The surface roughness Ra of the ceramic-coated roller is ≤0.05 μm, effectively reducing frictional heat accumulation. After replacing the skewed cam (skew angle 25°) and adjusting the frequency to 18 Hz, the initial width of the carbon fiber bundle was expanded to 28 mm, with a width-to-width ratio of 4.6 times and a uniformity standard deviation of 0.22 mm. Meanwhile, this device is compatible with various types of fibers such as carbon fiber (6 K / 12 K), glass fiber (S2), and aramid fiber, with diffusion width adjustment ranges of 6-30 mm (maximum spreading ratio of 5 times), 8-25 mm (maximum spreading ratio of 4.1 times), and 6-15 mm (maximum spreading ratio of 5 times).

[0030] This invention utilizes a servo motor-driven composite cam mechanism, integrating the 180° phase difference reciprocating linear motion of the upper and lower roller groups with the independent oscillation of the lower roller group, forming a dynamic alternating tension field that significantly improves fiber spreading uniformity. The equipment adopts a modular frame design, combined with a multi-degree-of-freedom position adjustment module (X / Y / Z axes), to achieve precise control of the roller's three-dimensional spatial position (accuracy ±0.1 mm), adapting to the processing needs of fibers with different fineness and strength. The rotation / fixed mode switching mechanism instantaneously switches the roller state via an electromagnetic clutch. In rotation mode, friction damage is reduced (fiber breakage rate <3%), while in fixed mode, static friction shaping enhances the spreading effect. The composite cam drive and parametric control (frequency 0-20 Hz, amplitude 10-30 mm, oscillation angle ±5°-30°) work synergistically, overcoming the limitations of traditional equipment's single motion mode and rigid adjustment. Experiments show that the carbon fiber spreading ratio reaches 3-5 times, with a uniformity deviation of <0.2 mm. This equipment features a simplified structure, high-precision control, and strong compatibility, making it suitable for low-damage and high-efficiency fiber spreading of high-performance composite materials in aerospace, automotive, and other fields, providing an innovative solution for the production of high-performance fiber-reinforced materials.

Claims

1. A cam-driven, multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device, characterized in that: The machine includes a frame, a unidirectional motion cam mechanism, a compound motion cam mechanism, an upper row of yarn spreading rollers, a lower row of yarn spreading rollers, a position adjustment module, and a rotation and fixing mode switching mechanism. The frame includes a convex horizontal mounting base plate (1), a B-type mounting side plate (9), and an arch-shaped vertical mounting plate (10). The upper surface of the convex horizontal mounting base plate (1) integrates an open linear guide rail module. The convex horizontal mounting base plate (1), the B-type mounting side plate (9), and the arch-shaped vertical mounting plate (10) are fixed together to form a gantry structure, which greatly ensures the smooth operation of the yarn spreading process. The stability of the process; the upper row of spreading rollers includes at least three parallel long rollers (34), an upper row of spreading rollers mounting plate (6), an upper row of spreading rollers mounting base plate (5), an optical axis guide rail (7), and a control position threaded block (29). The two ends of the long rollers (34) are connected to the optical axis guide rail (7). The upper row of spreading rollers mounting base plate (5) is connected to a one-way motion cam mechanism through the control position threaded block (29). The one-way motion cam mechanism drives the upper row of spreading rollers to perform horizontal reciprocating linear motion along the axial direction of the long rollers (34). The motion frequency is... The range is 0-20Hz, and the stroke amplitude is dynamically adjusted by the cam eccentricity of the unidirectional motion cam mechanism; the lower row of yarn spreading rollers includes an arc-shaped mounting plate (20), a vibration shaft (25), and at least two parallel short rollers (33). The arc-shaped mounting plate (20) consists of two symmetrical pieces. The vibration shaft (25) and the short rollers (33) are installed between the two arc-shaped mounting plates. The compound motion cam mechanism is connected to the vibration shaft (25). The compound motion cam mechanism drives the short rollers on the arc-shaped mounting plate (20) through the vibration shaft (25). (33) Perform a compound motion of circumferential oscillation along the vibration axis (25) and reciprocating linear motion along the vibration axis (25), with an oscillation angle range of 5°-30°; the position adjustment module includes an X-axis adjustment mechanism, a Y-axis adjustment mechanism and a Z-axis adjustment mechanism; the rotation fixed mode switching mechanism includes an electromagnetic clutch, a mechanical buckle and a servo drive module. When the electromagnetic clutch is energized, it releases the short roller and drives the short roller to rotate by the servo drive module. The rotation speed range is adjustable from 0 to 500 rpm. When the power is off, the short roller is locked by the mechanical buckle.

2. The cam-driven multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four B-type mounting side plates (9) and two arch-shaped vertical mounting plates (10). One arch-shaped vertical mounting plate and two B-type mounting side plates form a "["-shaped left arch side frame. The remaining one arch-shaped vertical mounting plate and two B-type mounting side plates form a "]"-shaped right arch side frame. The left arch side frame and the right arch side frame are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the convex horizontal mounting base plate (1). The front and rear sides of the convex horizontal mounting base plate (1) protrude from between the left arch side frame and the right arch side frame to form front and rear protruding ear plates.

3. The cam-driven multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unidirectional motion cam mechanism includes a cylindrical cam (16), a cam follower (17), a cam drive frame, a cam vibration fixing plate (11), an indexing pin fixing plate (18), a miniature linear track module, and a 6201 vertical bearing with a seat (15). The cylindrical cam (16) is a cylinder with a curved groove on its cylindrical surface. The miniature linear track module includes a miniature linear track (13) and a miniature linear slider (14). The 6201 vertical bearing with a seat fixes the cylindrical cam (16) axially on the cam vibration fixing plate (11). The indexing pin fixing plate (18) connects the cam follower (17) and the indexing pin knob plunger (19) to the miniature linear slider (14) through a screw pair. When the cylindrical cam (16) rotates, the rotary groove on the cylindrical cam (16) drives the indexing pin knob plunger (19) and the cam follower (17) to perform linear reciprocating motion along the direction of the miniature linear track (13).

4. The cam-driven multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite motion cam mechanism includes a unidirectional motion cam mechanism and a slanted cylindrical cam drive mechanism. The slanted cylindrical cam drive mechanism includes a slanted cylindrical cam (24), a 6001 vertical bearing with a mounting seat (27), an L-shaped cam baffle (28), an internal and external thread adapter screw (36), and a coupling (35). The slanted cylindrical cam (24) is fixed on the cam vibration fixing plate (11) through the cooperation of the 6001 vertical bearing with a mounting seat (27) and the L-shaped cam baffle (28). The cam vibration fixing plate (11) and the L-shaped cam baffle are connected. The indexing pin knob plunger (19) is fixed between the cam baffle (28). The cam follower (17) is connected to the inclined groove cylindrical cam (24) through the internal and external thread adapter screw (36) and the coupling (35). The cylindrical cam (16) drives the cam follower (17) and the inclined groove cylindrical cam (24) to perform reciprocating linear motion. At the same time, the inclined groove of the indexing pin knob plunger (19) and the inclined groove cylindrical cam (24) will cause the inclined groove cam to rotate at a certain angle when feeding or retracting, which will drive the lower row of yarn spreading rollers to swing.

5. The cam-driven multi-directional adjustable composite motion fiber spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis adjustment mechanism includes an open linear guide rail module, the Y-axis adjustment mechanism includes a linear optical axis guide rail module, the Z-axis adjustment mechanism includes an open linear guide rail module, the linear optical axis guide rail module includes an optical axis guide rail (7), an optical axis locking slider (8), an optical axis bearing (2), and an anti-collision pad, and the open linear guide rail module includes an open track (3) and an open self-locking slider (4).

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