Support frame body dismantling auxiliary device for bent cap and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of auxiliary device and construction method of bent cap dismantling support frame body.The auxiliary device includes: a plurality of anti-friction mechanisms, a plurality of support mechanisms and a plurality of steel wires;Each support mechanism is arranged in the area between two piers along the longitudinal direction of the bent cap, for supporting the bent cap and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the bent cap;Each anti-friction mechanism is arranged in the bottom formwork structure;Each steel wire corresponds to each anti-friction mechanism, each steel wire is wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the bent cap, and the two ends of each steel wire are connected with the lifting device.In the application, each support mechanism bears the load of the bottom formwork structure, the steel wire is wound around the anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the bent cap and then lifted by the lifting device, so that the lifting device suspends and supports the bottom formwork structure of the bent cap through the steel wire, assists each support mechanism to support the bottom formwork structure, facilitates the removal of the hoop at the bottom of the bottom formwork structure, and improves the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, and more specifically, to an auxiliary device and construction method for dismantling the support frame of a cap beam. Background Technology

[0002] In highway or municipal engineering construction, the construction method for bridge cap beam structures is quite common, typically employing the clamp method. This involves first installing clamp devices on the bridge piers, then installing jacks or sandbags, the main load-bearing beams, secondary load-bearing beams, the cap beam bottom formwork, reinforcing steel, and side formwork on top. However, during the removal of the bottom formwork, jacks or sandbags are needed to lower the formwork, followed by the sequential removal of each tool. This process is inefficient and carries a high safety risk. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes an auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of a cap beam, aiming to solve the problem of low efficiency in dismantling the bottom formwork when constructing cap beam structures using the clamp method in the prior art. The present invention also proposes a construction method for dismantling the support frame of a cap beam using the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame.

[0004] In one aspect, the present invention proposes an auxiliary device for dismantling a cap beam support frame. The device includes: multiple anti-friction mechanisms, multiple support mechanisms, and multiple wire ropes. Each support mechanism is arranged longitudinally along the cap beam in the area between two piers to support the cap beam and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam. Each anti-friction mechanism is arranged intermittently on the bottom formwork structure. Each wire rope corresponds one-to-one with each anti-friction mechanism, and each wire rope is wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam. Both ends of each wire rope are used to connect to a lifting device.

[0005] Furthermore, in the auxiliary device for the above-mentioned cap beam dismantling support frame, each anti-friction mechanism includes: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components; wherein, the two anti-friction components are respectively arranged on the outside of the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom formwork structure, which are placed on the lower flange plate; and the wire rope is sequentially wound around the two anti-friction components.

[0006] Furthermore, in the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the aforementioned cap beam, each anti-friction component includes: two parallel sealing plates, a cylindrical body, and two parallel clamping plates; wherein, one side of the cylindrical body has an opening extending through the length of the cylindrical body; the two clamping plates are respectively connected to the two side walls at the opening of the cylindrical body, and the gap between the two clamping plates clamps the flange plate of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam; the two sealing plates are respectively disposed at the two ends of the cylindrical body, and each sealing plate has a through-hole at the gap between the two clamping plates, so that the through-holes on the two sealing plates are connected to the gap between the two clamping plates.

[0007] Furthermore, in the auxiliary device for dismantling the cap beam support frame, each support mechanism includes: a first I-beam, a second I-beam, and two positioning components; wherein, the first I-beam is placed on top of the cap beam along the transverse direction and both ends are placed outside the cap beam; the second I-beam is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams along the transverse direction and both ends are placed outside the cap beam, and the positions of the first I-beam and the second I-beam correspond to each other; each positioning component is disposed between the first I-beam and the second I-beam for positioning the first I-beam and the second I-beam.

[0008] Furthermore, in the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the aforementioned cap beam, each positioning component includes: a threaded rod, two bolt caps, and two washers; wherein, the threaded rod is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam and the second I-beam, the first end of the threaded rod is positioned above the first I-beam and screwed to one of the bolt caps, and the second end of the threaded rod is positioned below the second I-beam and screwed to the other bolt cap; both washers are inserted through the threaded rod, one washer is sandwiched between the first I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap, and the other washer is sandwiched between the second I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap.

[0009] In this invention, the cap beam and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam are supported by various support mechanisms, so that each support mechanism can bear the load of the bottom formwork structure. An anti-friction mechanism is set on the bottom formwork structure. The steel wire rope is wound around the anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then lifted by the lifting device. In this way, the lifting device suspends and supports the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam through the steel wire rope, assists each support mechanism in supporting the bottom formwork structure, facilitates the removal of the clamps at the bottom of the bottom formwork structure, simplifies the operation, improves construction efficiency, reduces safety risks, and solves the problem of low efficiency in bottom formwork dismantling when constructing cap beam structures using the clamp method in the prior art.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a construction method for dismantling the support frame of a cap beam using any of the above-mentioned auxiliary devices for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam. The method includes the following steps: side formwork removal step, after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength, the side formwork is removed; support mechanism setting step, multiple support mechanisms are set at intervals in the area between the cap beam and the two piers; determination step, the lifting point position is determined; installation step, anti-friction mechanism is installed at each lifting point position and at the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam, each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope, and each steel wire rope is connected to the lifting device after being sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam; clamp removal step, each steel wire rope is lifted and the clamp at the bottom of the cap beam is removed; support mechanism removal step, each support mechanism is removed; bottom formwork removal step, each steel wire rope is lowered and the bottom formwork structure is removed.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above construction method, during the support mechanism setting step, each support mechanism is set at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam; each support mechanism includes: a first I-beam, a second I-beam, and two positioning components; wherein, the first I-beam is placed on top of the cap beam along the transverse direction and both ends are placed outside the cap beam; the second I-beam is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom formwork structure along the transverse direction of the cap beam and both ends are placed outside the cap beam, and the positions of the first I-beam and the second I-beam correspond to each other; each positioning component is set between the first I-beam and the second I-beam to position the first I-beam and the second I-beam.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above construction method, each positioning component includes: a threaded rod, two bolt caps, and two washers; wherein, the threaded rod is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam and the second I-beam, the first end of the threaded rod is positioned above the first I-beam and screwed to one of the bolt caps, and the second end of the threaded rod is positioned below the second I-beam and screwed to the other bolt cap; both washers are inserted through the threaded rod, one washer is sandwiched between the first I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap, and the other washer is sandwiched between the second I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above construction method, in the determination step, the distance between the lifting point and the end of the longitudinal I-beam is 0.2 to 0.3L; where L is the longitudinal length of the longitudinal I-beam.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above construction method, during the installation steps, each anti-friction mechanism includes: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components; wherein, the two anti-friction components are respectively located on the outer side of the flange plate of the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom formwork structure; each anti-friction component includes: two parallel sealing plates, a cylindrical body, and two parallel clamping plates; wherein, an opening penetrating the length of the cylindrical body is provided on one side; the two clamping plates are respectively connected to the two side walls at the opening of the cylindrical body, and the gap between the two clamping plates clamps the flange plate of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam; the two sealing plates are respectively located at the two ends of the cylindrical body, and each sealing plate has a through-hole at the gap between the two clamping plates so that the through-holes on the two sealing plates are connected to the gap between the two clamping plates; the wire rope is wound around the cylindrical body of the two anti-friction components from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device.

[0015] In this invention, after the concrete of the cap beam reaches its design strength, the side formwork is removed. Then, multiple support mechanisms are spaced out in the area where the cap beam is placed between the two piers. Anti-friction mechanisms are installed at each predetermined lifting point and at the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam. Each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope. Each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device. Then, each steel wire rope is lifted, the clamps at the bottom of the cap beam are removed, and then each support mechanism is dismantled. Finally, each steel wire rope is lowered, and the bottom formwork structure is dismantled. It can quickly dismantle the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam, shortening the bottom formwork dismantling time, effectively improving the construction efficiency of cap beam formwork installation and dismantling, shortening the turnover time of formwork and other materials, improving the standardization and safety of operation, eliminating the need for jacks or sandboxes as in existing technologies, reducing hydraulic oil pollution or material loss, and reducing safety risks, such as high-altitude formwork dismantling and transportation, improving the safety of bridge cap beam construction, reducing personnel input, improving mechanized operation capabilities, reducing safety risks, and meeting the requirements of standardized production and civilized construction. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 An exploded view of the anti-friction component in the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the anti-friction component and the longitudinal I-beam in the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam provided in the embodiment of the present invention, when only the anti-friction component is provided;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first I-beam and the positioning component in the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first I-beam and the positioning component in the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating the construction method for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Device Example:

[0028] See Figures 1 to 8 The figure shows a preferred structure of the auxiliary device for dismantling the cap beam support frame in this embodiment. As shown, the auxiliary device for dismantling the cap beam support frame includes: multiple anti-friction mechanisms, multiple support mechanisms 1, and multiple steel wire ropes 2. Each support mechanism 1 is located in the area where the cap beam 3 is situated between two piers 8, and each support mechanism 1 is along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. Figure 1 As shown in the left-to-right direction, the support mechanisms 1 are spaced apart on the cap beam 3, and each support mechanism 1 is used to support the cap beam 3 and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam 3.

[0029] It should be noted that the cap beam 3 is constructed using the clamping method. The bottom formwork structure of the cap beam 3 includes: a bottom formwork 5, a transverse distribution beam 6, and two parallel longitudinal H-beams 7. The bottom of the cap beam 3 is the bottom formwork 5, the bottom of the bottom formwork 5 is the transverse distribution beam 6, and the two longitudinal H-beams 7 are located at the bottom of the transverse distribution beam 6. The two longitudinal H-beams 7 are positioned on both sides of the pier column 8, and their length direction is the same as the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. However, the length of the two longitudinal H-beams 7 is longer than the length of the cap beam 3, generally by 0.5 to 1.2 meters, to serve as an operating platform or passageway. Clamps 9 are placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal H-beams 7, thus supporting the two longitudinal H-beams 7 and the structure above them. Existing technologies can be referenced regarding the cap beam 3 and the bottom formwork structure, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0030] See Figure 1 , Figures 6 to 8 Each support mechanism 1 includes: a first I-beam 11, a second I-beam 12, and two positioning components. The first I-beam 11 is positioned along the transverse direction of the cap beam 3. Figure 6 As shown in the left-to-right direction, it is placed on top of the cap beam 3. Specifically, the transverse direction of the cap beam 3 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. The first I-beam 11 extends along the transverse direction of the cap beam 3, and the longitudinal direction of the first I-beam 11 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. Furthermore, the first I-beam 11 is placed on top of the cap beam 3. Both ends of the first I-beam 11 are placed outside the cap beam 3, that is, the longitudinal length of the first I-beam 11 is greater than the transverse width of the cap beam 3.

[0031] The second I-beam 12 is positioned transversely along the cap beam 3 at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. Specifically, the second I-beam 12 extends transversely along the cap beam 3 and is positioned at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. Both ends of the second I-beam 12 are located outside the cap beam 3, meaning the longitudinal length of the second I-beam 12 is greater than the transverse width of the cap beam 3, and both ends of the second I-beam 12 extend beyond the corresponding longitudinal I-beams 7. The second I-beam 12 is parallel to the first I-beam 11, and the position of the first I-beam 11 corresponds to the position of the second I-beam 12.

[0032] Each positioning component is positioned between the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12, and each positioning component is used to position the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. Specifically, the two positioning components correspond to the two ends of the first I-beam 11 in the longitudinal direction, and the two positioning components are located on the outer side of the cap beam 3 in the transverse direction, and also on the outer side of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. That is to say, the two positioning components are located on the outer side of the two side walls of the cap beam 3 in the transverse direction. The two positioning components only position the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. Since the first I-beam 11 is placed on top of the cap beam 3 and the second I-beam 12 is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7, the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 sandwich the cap beam 3 and the bottom formwork structure in the middle, and the two positioning components fix and position the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12.

[0033] See Figure 1 , Figures 6 to 8 Each positioning component includes a threaded rod 13, two bolt caps 14, and two washers 15. The threaded rod 13 is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. The first end of the threaded rod 13 is positioned above the first I-beam 11 and screwed to one of the bolt caps 14, while the second end of the threaded rod 13 is positioned below the second I-beam 12 and screwed to the other bolt cap 14.

[0034] Both washers 15 are inserted through the threaded rod 13. One washer 15 is sandwiched between the first I-beam 11 and the corresponding bolt cap 14, and the other washer 15 is sandwiched between the second I-beam 12 and the corresponding bolt cap 14.

[0035] During installation, after the first end of the threaded rod 13 extends above the first I-beam 11, a washer 15 is placed on the first end of the threaded rod 13, and then a bolt cap 14 is screwed onto the first end of the threaded rod 13. After the second end of the threaded rod 13 extends below the second I-beam 12, another washer 15 is placed on the second end of the threaded rod 13, and then another bolt cap 14 is screwed onto the second end of the threaded rod 13.

[0036] In practice, the first I-beam 11 is welded from two channel steels. The channel steels are selected from sizes 12# to 20#, and their strength should meet the load-bearing requirements. The gap between the webs of the two channel steels is greater than 16-20mm. The webs in the middle of the two channel steels are all welded, with electric welding used for the middle section, supplemented by welding of small-sized steel plates to improve the overall load-bearing capacity. Through holes are provided at the weld joints of the two channel steels to facilitate the insertion of threaded rods 13.

[0037] The second I-beam 12 is also welded from two channel steels. The channel steels are selected from sizes 12# to 20#, and their strength should meet the load-bearing requirements. The web between the two channel steels is fully welded, with the middle section using electric welding, supplemented by welding of small-sized steel plates to improve the overall load-bearing capacity. Through holes are provided at the weld joints of the two channel steels to facilitate the insertion of threaded rods 13.

[0038] In specific implementation, the threaded rod 13 can be a Φ16 precision rolled bolt. The two ends of the precision rolled bolt are threaded, and the threading length is generally 100-150mm, so as to facilitate screwing with the corresponding bolt cap 14.

[0039] Each anti-friction mechanism is spaced apart on the bottom mold structure. Specifically, each anti-friction mechanism is installed on the two longitudinal I-beams 7 of the bottom mold structure.

[0040] Each wire rope 2 corresponds to a specific anti-friction mechanism. Each wire rope 2 is wound around the bottom of the cap beam 3 to the corresponding anti-friction mechanism, and both ends of each wire rope 2 are used to connect to the lifting device. The lifting device lifts the two ends of the wire rope 2, thereby suspending and supporting the bottom formwork structure above the clamp 9.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 5Each anti-friction mechanism includes two anti-friction components 4. The two anti-friction components 4 are symmetrically arranged, and are respectively located on the outer side of the lower flange plate 71 of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 in the bottom mold structure. Specifically, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the two longitudinal I-beams 7 and the two anti-friction components 4, with each anti-friction component 4 located on the outer side of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam 7's lower flange plate 71. The wire rope 2 is sequentially wound around the two anti-friction components 4. Therefore, the anti-friction components 4, located on the outer side of the lower flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beams 7, can reduce friction on the wire rope 2.

[0042] Each anti-friction component 4 includes: two sealing plates 41, a cylindrical body 42, and two clamping plates 43. An opening 421 extending through the length of the cylindrical body 42 is provided on one side of the cylindrical body 42.

[0043] The two clamping plates 43 are arranged side by side, and each clamping plate 43 is connected to one of the two side walls at the opening 421 of the cylinder. Specifically, the cylinder 42 forms two opposing side walls at the opening 421, and the two clamping plates 43 correspond one-to-one with the two side walls. Each clamping plate 43 is set at the corresponding side wall, and there is a certain gap between the two clamping plates 43. The gap between the two clamping plates 43 clamps the flange plate 71 of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam 7. A part of each clamping plate 43 is placed inside the cylinder 42, and the other part is placed outside the cylinder 42.

[0044] In practice, the distance between the two clamping plates 43 should be slightly greater than the thickness of the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7 by 5 to 10 mm, so that the anti-friction component 4 can be snapped onto the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7.

[0045] The two sealing plates 41 are arranged side by side, and are respectively located at the two ends of the cylinder 42, sealing the two ends of the cylinder 42. Each sealing plate 41 has a through-hole 411 at the gap between the two clamping plates 43, so that the through-hole 411 on the two sealing plates 41 communicates with the gap between the two clamping plates 43, so as to jointly clamp the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7. Specifically, the size of the through-hole 411 on each sealing plate 41 is the same as the distance between the two clamping plates 43.

[0046] Preferably, each clamping plate 43 is welded to the cylinder 42, and each sealing plate 41 is welded to the cylinder 42, and the welding is firm and the weld is full.

[0047] In practical implementation, the cylinder 42 can be made of cast iron steel pipe, with strength sufficient to meet the lifting pressure requirements. The diameter is generally selected as 100-150mm, with a longitudinal notch. Each clamping plate 43 can be made of steel plate, with a thickness generally selected as 10-20mm. Each sealing plate 41 has the same material and thickness as the clamping plate 43. The length of the entire anti-friction assembly 4 should preferably be 300-500mm.

[0048] The wire rope 2 is wound around the cylinder 42 of the two anti-friction components 4 from the bottom of the cover beam 3, and then the two ends of the wire rope 2 are connected to the lifting device.

[0049] Preferably, each anti-friction mechanism includes four anti-friction components 4. The four anti-friction components 4 are respectively disposed on the outer sides of the upper and lower flanges of the two longitudinal I-beams 7.

[0050] See Figures 1 to 8 The process of dismantling the support frame of the cap beam is as follows: After the concrete of the cap beam 3 reaches the demolding strength requirement, the side formwork is removed first. Then, the first I-beam 11 is placed on top of the cap beam 3, positioned as close as possible to the side of the pier column 8 to reduce the length of the cantilever section. Next, the second I-beam 12 is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 at the bottom of the cap beam 3. The first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 are connected by threaded rods 13 and bolt caps 14 to improve overall strength. At least two support mechanisms 1 are installed symmetrically on the longitudinal section of the cap beam 3 or between the two pier columns 8 to improve overall stability. After the support mechanisms 1 are installed stably, anti-friction components 4 are installed on the flange plates 71 of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. Steel wire ropes 2 pass through the bottom of the cap beam 3 and are wound around the cylinder 42 of the anti-friction components 4 to reduce friction on the steel wire ropes 2. Then, a crane is used to lift wire rope 2. Once wire rope 2 has fully borne the load, the clamps 9 under the bottom formwork 5 of the cap beam are removed. The support mechanism 1 and wire rope 2 then bear the entire load of the bottom formwork. Simultaneously, the threaded rods 13 are loosened, and the first I-beams 11 and the second I-beams 12 are removed. The bottom formwork structure is then slowly lowered to the ground. After that, the bottom formwork structure is removed, stacked neatly, and then hoisted to the next construction area.

[0051] As can be seen, in this embodiment, each support mechanism 1 supports the cap beam 3 and the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam 3, so each support mechanism 1 can bear the load of the bottom formwork structure. An anti-friction mechanism is set on the bottom formwork structure. The steel wire rope 2 is wound around the anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam 3 and then lifted by the lifting device. In this way, the lifting device suspends and supports the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam 3 through the steel wire rope 2, assists each support mechanism 1 in supporting the bottom formwork structure, facilitates the removal of the clamp 9 at the bottom of the bottom formwork structure, simplifies the operation, improves construction efficiency, reduces safety risks, and solves the problem of low efficiency in bottom formwork dismantling when constructing the cap beam structure using the clamp method in the prior art.

[0052] Method Implementation Examples:

[0053] This embodiment also proposes a construction method for dismantling the support frame of a cap beam using any of the above-mentioned auxiliary devices for dismantling the cap beam support frame. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 The construction method includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S1 for removing the side formwork: After the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength, the side formwork is removed.

[0055] Specifically, the construction of the cap beam is as follows:

[0056] The bridge pier concrete structure has been fully constructed and inspected, and the conditions for bridge cap beam construction are now in place.

[0057] Steps for installing the clamps: The clamp method is used as the support frame for the bottom formwork of the cap beam. A crane is used to lift the clamp equipment, then it is slowly lifted and installed onto the bridge pier. The position is adjusted according to the laid-out elevation, and then the clamp 9 is tightened. Clamp 9 is composed of semi-circular steel structural components connected by bolts. Anti-slip rubber pads are installed on the contact surface between clamp 9 and the pier to increase friction and improve its load-bearing capacity.

[0058] Steps: Install the longitudinal I-beams and transverse distribution beams of the cap beam: Use a crane to lift and install the longitudinal I-beams 7 and transverse distribution beams 6 of the main support frame for the bottom formwork of the cap beam in sequence. The spacing of the longitudinal I-beams 7 and transverse distribution beams 6 should meet the requirements of the construction drawings.

[0059] The steps are as follows: installation of the bottom formwork of the cap beam, reinforcement binding (the reinforcement of the cap beam can be bound nearby on site, and then hoisted and installed as a whole to reduce the danger of working at height), installation of the side formwork, and concrete pouring.

[0060] Steps for side formwork removal: Side formwork is removed only after the concrete strength of the cap beam structure has reached the design strength or specification requirements. Generally, side formwork is removed 24 hours after concrete pouring. During removal, it is not allowed to damage the concrete structure on the surface and edges of the cap beam structure. A crane is used to lift the side formwork and then lower it to the ground.

[0061] Step S2 involves setting up multiple support mechanisms at intervals in the area where the cap beam is placed between two piers.

[0062] Specifically, see Figure 1 , Figures 6 to 8 Each support mechanism 1 is set at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3.

[0063] Each support mechanism 1 includes: a first I-beam 11, a second I-beam 12, and two positioning components. The first I-beam 11 is positioned on top of the cap beam 3 along the transverse direction of the cap beam 3, and both ends of the first I-beam 11 are positioned outside the cap beam 3.

[0064] The second I-beam 12 is positioned transversely to the cap beam 3 at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 in the bottom formwork structure. Both ends of the second I-beam 12 extend beyond the cap beam 3 and also extend beyond the corresponding longitudinal I-beams 7. The second I-beam 12 is parallel to the first I-beam 11, and the position of the first I-beam 11 corresponds to the position of the second I-beam 12.

[0065] Each positioning component is disposed between the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12, and each positioning component is used to position the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. Specifically, the two positioning components correspond to the two ends of the first I-beam 11 in the longitudinal direction, and the two positioning components are located on the outer sides of the two side walls of the cap beam 3 in the transverse direction.

[0066] See Figure 1 , Figures 6 to 8 Each positioning component includes a threaded rod 13, two bolt caps 14, and two washers 15. The threaded rod 13 is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. The first end of the threaded rod 13 is positioned above the first I-beam 11 and screwed to one of the bolt caps 14, while the second end of the threaded rod 13 is positioned below the second I-beam 12 and screwed to the other bolt cap 14.

[0067] Both washers 15 are inserted through the threaded rod 13. One washer 15 is sandwiched between the first I-beam 11 and the corresponding bolt cap 14, and the other washer 15 is sandwiched between the second I-beam 12 and the corresponding bolt cap 14.

[0068] In specific implementation, the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 are both provided with through holes at the corresponding points where the threaded rod 13 passes through, so as to facilitate the threaded rod 13 passing through.

[0069] During installation, a crane is used to lift and place the first I-beam 11 on top of the cap beam 3, positioning it at the top plane of the cap beam 3. Then, a crane is used to lift and place the second I-beam 12 at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7, symmetrically arranged with the first I-beam 11. The position of the second I-beam 12 is adjusted so that the through holes on the first I-beam 11 align with the through holes on the second I-beam 12. Then, the threaded rod 13 is sequentially placed on the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12, with the exposed length of both ends of the threaded rod 13 being 300–500 mm. The threaded rod 13 is positioned 300–500 mm from the side wall of the cap beam 3. A washer 15 is first installed on the first end of the threaded rod 13, and then the bolt cap 14 is tightened onto the first end of the threaded rod 13. Then, another washer 15 is installed on the second end of the threaded rod 13, and then another bolt cap 14 is tightened onto the second end of the threaded rod 13. The threaded rods 13 in the two positioning components are arranged symmetrically. After both threaded rods 13 are installed, the two bolt caps 14 on each threaded rod 13 are tightened for the second time.

[0070] Two to three support mechanisms 1 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. The specific number can be determined comprehensively based on the material and strength of the I-beam, the bottom formwork of the cap beam, and the additional construction load. In this embodiment, no limit is placed on the number of support mechanisms.

[0071] Step S3 is defined to determine the location of the lifting point.

[0072] Specifically, the distance between the lifting point and the end of the longitudinal I-beam 7 is 0.2-0.3L; where L is the longitudinal length of the longitudinal I-beam 7. However, in actual determination, the distance from the bridge end column needs to be considered, closer to the inner or outer side of the pier column 8. The number of lifting points can be determined comprehensively by combining the load of the cap beam bottom formwork, the load of the longitudinal I-beam, and the additional construction load. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0073] In installation step S4, an anti-friction mechanism is installed at each lifting point and at the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam. Each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope. Each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device.

[0074] Specifically, see Figures 1 to 5 Each anti-friction mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components 4. The two anti-friction components 4 are respectively disposed on the outer side of the two longitudinal H-beams 7 positioned below the flange plate 71 in the bottom mold structure. Specifically, the two longitudinal H-beams 7 correspond one-to-one with the two anti-friction components 4, and each anti-friction component 4 is disposed on the outer side of the corresponding longitudinal H-beam 7 positioned below the flange plate 71.

[0075] Each anti-friction component 4 includes: two sealing plates 41, a cylindrical body 42, and two clamping plates 43. An opening 421 extending through the length of the cylindrical body 42 is provided on one side of the cylindrical body 42. The two clamping plates 43 are arranged side-by-side, each clamping plate 43 correspondingly connecting to one of the two side walls at the opening 421 of the cylindrical body. A certain gap exists between the two clamping plates 43, which clamps the flange plate 71 of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam 7.

[0076] The two sealing plates 41 are arranged side by side, and are respectively located at the two ends of the cylinder 42, thus sealing the two ends of the cylinder 42. Each sealing plate 41 has a through-hole 411 at the gap between the two clamping plates 43, so that the through-hole 411 on the two sealing plates 41 communicates with the gap between the two clamping plates 43 to clamp the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7. Specifically, the size of the through-hole 411 on each sealing plate 41 is the same as the distance between the two clamping plates 43.

[0077] After the wire rope 2 is wound around the cylinder 42 in the two anti-friction components 4 from the bottom of the cover beam 3, the two ends of the wire rope 2 are then connected to the lifting device.

[0078] During installation, a crane is used to lift the anti-friction component 4 to the lifting point. Then, two clamping plates 43 are clamped onto the flange plates 71 of the longitudinal I-beams 7. The sealing plates 41 on both sides serve as temporary fixation to prevent the anti-friction component 4 from moving or rotating. The two anti-friction components 4 are respectively installed on the two longitudinal I-beams 7, and the two anti-friction components 4 are arranged symmetrically.

[0079] The wire rope 2 should be wrapped around the bottom of the cap beam 3, then around the two anti-friction components 4, and then secured at both ends by the crane hook. The crane is then raised so that the wire rope 2 is under overall load. The angle between the wire rope 2 and the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3 should preferably be 45° to 90°.

[0080] Step S5: Remove the clamps by lifting all the wire ropes and removing the clamps at the bottom of the cap beam.

[0081] Specifically, the lifting device lifts each wire rope 2, and each wire rope 2 suspends and supports the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam 3, assisting each support mechanism 1 in bearing the load of the bottom formwork structure, and then the clamps 9 are removed.

[0082] For double-pier structures, the clamps are removed simultaneously and symmetrically on both sides to ensure symmetrical stress on the lifting wire ropes. For independent pier structures, the clamps are removed only on one pier.

[0083] Step S6: Dismantle the support structure.

[0084] Specifically, first loosen the bolt cap 14 at the second I-beam 12, remove the washer 15 at that location, then remove the second I-beam 12, then remove the bolt cap 14 at the first I-beam 11, remove the washer 15 at that location, and then disassemble the first I-beam 11 and the threaded rod 13. Disassemble each support mechanism 1 in sequence according to this method. After each support mechanism 1 is disassembled, all the lifting wire ropes 2 will bear the load.

[0085] Step S7 for dismantling the bottom formwork: lower the steel wire ropes and dismantle the bottom formwork structure.

[0086] Specifically, under the direction of a designated person on site, each steel wire rope 2 is slowly lowered, and the bottom formwork structure is lowered to the ground. Then, the materials are sorted and transferred to the next construction section or area. Each component or template of the bottom formwork of the cap beam is sorted in sequence and then lifted by a crane and transferred to the next construction area.

[0087] In this embodiment, each anti-friction component and each part of each support mechanism can be pre-processed in the factory and then transported to the site for assembly and installation. This allows for mass production and simultaneous implementation according to the on-site construction schedule, giving it a standardized and regulated technical advantage.

[0088] The structure and specific implementation process of the above-mentioned support mechanism and anti-friction mechanism can be found in the description of the above-mentioned device embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] As can be seen in this embodiment, after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength, the side formwork is removed. Then, multiple support mechanisms are set at intervals in the area where the cap beam is placed between the two piers. Anti-friction mechanisms are installed at each determined lifting point position and at the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam. Each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope. Each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device. Then, each steel wire rope is lifted, the clamps at the bottom of the cap beam are removed, and then each support mechanism is removed. Finally, each steel wire rope is lowered, and the bottom formwork structure is removed. This method allows for the rapid removal of the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam, shortening the removal time and effectively improving the construction efficiency of cap beam formwork installation and removal. It also shortens the turnover time of formwork and other materials, improves the standardization and safety of operations, eliminates the need for jacks or sandboxes as in existing technologies, reduces hydraulic oil pollution or material loss, and reduces safety risks, such as high-altitude formwork removal and transportation. This improves the safety of bridge cap beam construction, reduces personnel input, enhances mechanized operation capabilities, and meets the requirements of standardized production and civilized construction.

[0090] It should be noted that the auxiliary device and inspection system for dismantling the cap beam support frame in this invention are based on the same principle, and related parts can be referred to each other.

[0091] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate the direction or positional relationship, are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0092] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0093] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for dismantling a cap beam support frame, characterized in that, include: Multiple anti-friction mechanisms, multiple support mechanisms (1), and multiple wire ropes (2); among which, Each of the support mechanisms (1) is arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam (3) in the area between the two piers (8) of the cap beam (3), for supporting the cap beam (3) and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam (3); Each of the aforementioned anti-friction mechanisms is spaced apart from the bottom mold structure; Each of the steel wire ropes (2) corresponds to each of the anti-friction mechanisms. Each steel wire rope (2) is wound around the bottom of the cover beam (3) to the corresponding anti-friction mechanism. Both ends of each steel wire rope (2) are used to connect to the lifting device. Each of the aforementioned anti-friction mechanisms includes: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components (4); wherein... The two anti-friction components (4) are respectively disposed on the two longitudinal I-beams (7) in the bottom mold structure, which are placed on the outside of the lower flange plate (71); The steel wire rope (2) is wound around the two anti-friction components (4) in sequence. Each of the aforementioned anti-friction components (4) includes: two side-by-side sealing plates (41), a cylindrical body (42), and two side-by-side clamping plates (43); wherein, An opening (421) extending through the length of the cylinder (42) is provided on one side. The two clamping plates (43) are respectively connected to the two side walls at the opening of the cylinder (42), and the gap between the two clamping plates (43) clamps the flange plate (71) of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam (7). The two sealing plates (41) are respectively disposed at the two ends of the cylinder (42). Each sealing plate (41) has a through hole (411) at the gap between the two clamping plates (43) so that the through hole (411) on the two sealing plates (41) is connected to the gap between the two clamping plates (43); Each of the aforementioned support mechanisms (1) includes: a first I-beam (11), a second I-beam (12), and two positioning components; wherein, The first I-beam (11) is positioned on top of the cap beam (3) along the transverse direction of the cap beam (3), with both ends positioned outside the cap beam (3); The second I-beam (12) is positioned at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams (7) along the transverse direction of the cap beam (3), with both ends positioned outside the cap beam (3). The position of the first I-beam (11) corresponds to the position of the second I-beam (12). Each of the positioning components is disposed between the first I-beam (11) and the second I-beam (12) for positioning the first I-beam (11) and the second I-beam (12).

2. The auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned positioning components includes: a threaded rod (13), two bolt caps (14), and two washers (15); wherein, The threaded rod (13) is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam (11) and the second I-beam (12). The first end of the threaded rod (13) is placed above the first I-beam (11) and screwed to one of the bolt caps (14). The second end of the threaded rod (13) is placed below the second I-beam (12) and screwed to the other bolt cap (14). Both gaskets (15) are inserted through the threaded rod (13). One gasket (15) is sandwiched between the first I-beam (11) and the corresponding bolt cap (14), and the other gasket (15) is sandwiched between the second I-beam (12) and the corresponding bolt cap (14).

3. A construction method for dismantling a cap beam support frame using an auxiliary device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The side formwork removal procedure is to remove the side formwork after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength. The support mechanism setting steps involve setting multiple support mechanisms at intervals in the area where the cap beam is placed between two piers; Determine the steps and the location of the lifting point; Installation steps: At each lifting point and at the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam, an anti-friction mechanism is installed. Each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope. Each steel wire rope is connected to the lifting device after being wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam. The procedure for removing the clamps involves lifting each of the steel wire ropes and removing the clamps at the bottom of the cap beam. The steps for dismantling the support mechanisms are as follows: dismantle each of the aforementioned support mechanisms; The bottom formwork removal process involves lowering the steel wire ropes to dismantle the bottom formwork structure.

4. The construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the step of setting up the support mechanism, each of the support mechanisms is set at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cover beam; Each of the aforementioned support mechanisms includes: a first I-beam, a second I-beam, and two positioning components; wherein the first I-beam is positioned transversely along the top of the cap beam and both ends are positioned outside the cap beam; The second I-beam is positioned transversely to the cap beam at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom formwork structure, with both ends located outside the cap beam. The position of the first I-beam corresponds to the position of the second I-beam. Each of the positioning components is disposed between the first I-beam and the second I-beam to position the first I-beam and the second I-beam.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the positioning components includes: a threaded rod, two bolt caps, and two washers; wherein... The threaded rod is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam and the second I-beam. The first end of the threaded rod is positioned above the first I-beam and screwed to one of the bolt caps. The second end of the threaded rod is positioned below the second I-beam and screwed to the other bolt cap. Both gaskets are inserted through the threaded rod, with one gasket sandwiched between the first I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap, and the other gasket sandwiched between the second I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap.

6. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the determination step The distance between the lifting point and the end of the longitudinal I-beam is 0.2~0.3L; where L is the longitudinal length of the longitudinal I-beam.

7. The construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the installation steps Each of the aforementioned anti-friction mechanisms includes: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components; wherein, the two anti-friction components are respectively disposed on the outer side of the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom mold structure, which are located on the lower flange plate; Each of the aforementioned anti-friction components includes: two side-by-side sealing plates, a cylindrical body, and two side-by-side clamping plates; wherein, one side of the cylindrical body has an opening extending through the length of the cylindrical body; The two clamping plates are respectively connected to the two side walls at the opening of the cylinder, and the gap between the two clamping plates clamps the flange plate of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam. The two sealing plates are respectively disposed at the two ends of the cylinder. Each sealing plate has a through-hole at the gap between the two clamping plates so that the through-holes on the two sealing plates are connected to the gap between the two clamping plates. The steel wire rope is wound sequentially around the cylinders of the two anti-friction components from the bottom of the cover beam and then connected to the lifting device.

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