Rainfall-driven landslide experimental device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of rainfall-driven landslide experimental device, including base frame, box, adjusting assembly and bottom plate;Base frame is frame structure, box is no top no bottom, front end open box structure, box is suspended and limited in the inside of base frame;Bottom plate is between the bottom of box and the bottom of base frame, the box is connected with bottom plate by adjusting assembly, adjusting assembly is used to drive bottom plate close to or away from the bottom of box, when bottom plate and the bottom of box abut, it can close box;The rear end of bottom plate, front end is respectively equipped with the first spool, second spool parallel to the width direction of bottom plate, first film one end is wound on the first spool, and the other end of first film is wound around the top of bottom plate and wound on the second spool;Second spool is driven to rotate under the driving of driving assembly fixed to the front end of box, to wind first film, while driving first spool to rotate and release first film wound on it.The present application can simply and efficiently complete the replacement of the bottom film of sliding belt soil, reduce the complexity of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landslide experimental technology, and in particular to a rainfall-driven landslide experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] A landslide simulation apparatus is a device used to reproduce and study landslide phenomena in a controlled environment. These apparatuses are commonly used in research institutions and university laboratories to help scientists and engineers understand the triggering mechanisms, development processes, and effective prevention or mitigation of landslides. A typical landslide simulation apparatus includes a model box, a loading system, and monitoring instruments. The model box is the main container for the experiment and is usually made of robust materials. The loading system applies forces to simulate factors that may trigger landslides, such as rainfall, earthquakes, and human activities. Monitoring instruments include displacement sensors, strain gauges, and pressure sensors to record real-time changes in the sliding surface position, stress distribution, and other key parameters.

[0003] In current landslide simulation experiments, the general procedure is to first lay slip zone soil at the bottom of the test chamber, then lay the landslide structure on top of the slip zone soil, and finally inject water behind the landslide to observe changes in the landslide, in order to understand the landslide mechanism, predict landslide behavior, and assess landslide risk. However, during the experiment, it is often found that some water unexpectedly seeps into or escapes from the bottom of the slip zone soil. This not only disrupts the predetermined hydrostatic pressure distribution in the slip zone soil, affecting the accuracy of the stress on the landslide body, but also causes unexpected softening or hardening of the slip zone soil material, changing its physical properties and frictional characteristics. As a result, the experimental results cannot truly reflect the actual situation, reducing the reliability and accuracy of landslide behavior research.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the experimenters could only manually lay a thin film on the bottom of the model box before the experiment to achieve a certain degree of waterproofing and reduce the possibility of water unexpectedly seeping into or flowing out from the bottom of the slip zone soil. However, this operation was extremely cumbersome, so it was necessary to provide a new solution to reduce the cumbersomeness of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a rainfall-driven landslide experimental device for efficiently and simply laying a thin film at the bottom of the slip zone soil.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a rainfall-driven landslide experimental device, comprising a base frame, a box body, an adjustment component, and a base plate; the base frame is a frame structure, the box body is a box-type structure without a top or bottom and open at the front end, the length of the box body is from front to back, and the box body is suspended and limited inside the base frame; the base plate is located between the bottom of the box body and the bottom of the base frame, the box body is connected to the base plate through the adjustment component, the adjustment component is used to drive the base plate closer to or away from the bottom of the box body, and the box body can be closed when the base plate abuts against the bottom of the box body; the rear end and front end of the base plate are respectively provided with a first roller and a second roller parallel to the width direction of the base plate, one end of the first film is wound around the first roller, and the other end of the first film passes over the top of the base plate and is wound around the second roller; the second roller rotates under the drive of the drive component fixed to the front end of the box body to wind the first film, and at the same time drives the first roller to rotate to release the first film wound on it.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a swing plate, a linkage plate, and a first drive cylinder; both the left and right sides of the housing are hinged to the bottom plate through several parallel swing plates, and all swing plates on the same side are hinged to the linkage plate at the same position to achieve linkage; the linkage plate is rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the housing through the first drive cylinder, and the first drive cylinders on both sides synchronously drive the linkage plates on both sides through the reciprocating linear motion of their own telescopic rods, so that all swing plates swing synchronously, thereby causing the bottom plate to move away from or closer to the housing, so as to realize the opening or closing of the bottom of the housing.

[0008] Furthermore, the base frame includes a bottom frame and four vertical columns fixed at the four corners of the bottom frame; the front end of the box is hinged to the bottom of the front column of the base frame, and the rear end of the box is rotatably connected to the rear column of the base frame through a second drive cylinder; the second drive cylinder moves by extending and retracting its own telescopic rod, causing the box to rotate with its front hinge point as the fulcrum.

[0009] Furthermore, a movable frame is provided, which includes a top support, partition plates, and a second membrane. The two partition plates are vertically connected to the left and right sides below the top support, respectively, and the distance between the two partition plates is less than the width of the box. The partition plates are equipped with clamping components, which can be used to clamp the second membrane in a U-shape on the opposite sides of the two partition plates. A set of diagonal columns of the base frame are equipped with lifting cylinders, and the telescopic rods of the lifting cylinders are fixed to the bottom of the top support. Another set of diagonal columns passes vertically through the top support and is slidably connected to it. By synchronously extending or retracting the telescopic rods of the lifting cylinders, the movable frame is driven to move vertically upward or downward.

[0010] Furthermore, the movable frame is also equipped with an unwinding roller, which is fixed to the left side of the top support parallel to the width direction of the box body. The second film is wound on the unwinding roller. The clamping assembly includes a bottom rod, a push cylinder, and a top rod. The bottom rod and the top rod are respectively set on the inner side of the bottom and top of the isolation plate, parallel to the length direction of the box body, and the bottom rod and the top rod are at a certain distance from the corresponding isolation plate. The top rod is connected to the telescopic rod of the push cylinder fixed to the isolation plate. The push cylinder moves by extending and retracting its own telescopic rod, causing the top rod to move away from or towards the corresponding isolation plate. The free end of the second film passes sequentially around the top rod, the bottom rod, the bottom rod, and the top rod on the left side from the inner side of the left isolation plate, so that the second film is U-shaped between the opposite surfaces of the two isolation plates. The upper end of the U-shaped second film can be pressed onto the corresponding isolation plate by the top rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the left push rod is fitted with an elastic sleeve, and a cutter is provided along the length of the push rod on the side facing the left isolation plate. The length of the cutter protruding from the push rod is less than the thickness of the elastic sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the isolation plate is slidably connected to the top plate support along the width direction of the box. The top of the opposite sides of the isolation plates on both sides are fixed to the top support through adjusting cylinders. The adjusting cylinders move in a reciprocating linear motion perpendicular to the isolation plate through their own telescopic rods, causing the isolation plates on both sides to move closer or further away.

[0013] Furthermore, a support frame is provided, which is located between the two partition plates and suspended above the U-shaped second membrane. Several spray heads are provided at the bottom of the support frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the box is equipped with a push plate, which is slidably connected to the left and right sides of the box.

[0015] A rainfall-driven landslide experimental method comprises the following steps: First, adjusting the components to move the base plate away from the bottom of the chamber; Second, driving the second roller to rotate, causing the first roller to rotate, so that the first film wound on the first roller covers the base plate; adjusting the components to bring the base plate against the bottom of the chamber; Third, laying slip zone soil on the first film; Fourth, releasing the second film with the unwinding roller, the free end of the second film sequentially passing around the left top rod, left bottom rod, right bottom rod and right top rod from the inside of the left partition to form a U-shaped film; The drive cylinder telescopic rod presses the upper end of the U-shaped membrane onto the corresponding isolation plate via the top rods on both sides; the lifting cylinder lowers the movable frame vertically until the U-shaped membrane contacts the slip zone soil; the fifth step is to adjust the position of the push plate; a landslide is laid in the area of ​​the U-shaped membrane; the sixth step is to lift the top plate support and isolation plate using the lifting cylinder, causing the U-shaped membrane to detach from the isolation plate; the seventh step is to fill the space between the push plate and the rear end of the box with water; the second drive cylinder adjusts the inclination of the box, and then the sprinkler head simulates rainfall. The changes in the landslide are observed and recorded to complete the experiment.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention separates the bottom plate from the bottom side of the box body, drives the second roller to drive the first roller to rotate, so that the new first film covers the bottom plate, and completes the replacement of the film at the bottom of the slip zone soil in a simple and efficient manner, reducing the complexity of operation, and effectively reducing the possibility of water unexpectedly seeping into or being lost from the bottom of the slip zone soil.

[0018] 2. When the telescopic rod of the swing cylinder of the present invention extends or retracts, the box body can rotate around the hinge point at the front end of the base frame as the fulcrum. The tilt angle of the box body can be easily adjusted, thereby simulating the occurrence of landslides under different slope conditions, so that the experiment can more comprehensively study the characteristics of landslides under different terrain conditions.

[0019] 3. This invention can lay landslides within the area of ​​the U-shaped membrane, further achieving the functions of waterproofing and isolation of landslides, enabling experiments to study the changing patterns of landslides more accurately, and improving the flexibility and depth of the experiment.

[0020] 4. The distance between the two isolation plates of the present invention can be adjusted according to experimental requirements. During the experiment, the size of the experimental area can be flexibly changed to adapt to landslide simulation experiments of different scales, improve the adaptability of the experimental device to different experimental requirements, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of experimental research.

[0021] 5. By setting an unwinding roller on a movable frame, the second film is wound on the unwinding roller. When the second film is needed, the release length and laying position of the second film can be easily controlled, which facilitates the storage and management of the film, reduces problems such as entanglement and mess during the experiment, and improves the convenience and stability of the experimental operation.

[0022] 6. In this invention, as the length of the cutter protruding from the top rod is less than the thickness of the elastic sleeve, and as the top rod gradually approaches the separator plate and the elastic sleeve is continuously compressed, the cutter cuts the second film, facilitating the separation of the second film from the unwinding roller.

[0023] 7. When laying slip zone soil and landslide, the present invention can isolate the rear end of the box by pushing plate to facilitate water injection in this area for landslide testing. The pushing plate also makes the rear edge of the landslide uniformly stressed under the hydrostatic pressure formed by water filling. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the box structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation plate structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic sleeve of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1-base frame, 11-bottom frame, 12-column, 13-second drive cylinder, 14-lifting cylinder, 2-box body, 21-side plate, 22-rear end plate, 23-first swing plate, 24-linkage plate, 25-first drive cylinder, 26-push plate, 3-movable frame, 31-isolation plate, 311-bottom rod, 312-push cylinder, 313-top rod, 314-elastic sleeve, 315-cutter, 32-unwinding roller, 33-second film, 34-adjusting cylinder, 4-bottom plate, 41-first reel, 42-second reel, 43-first film, 5-bearing frame, 51-spray head, 52-traction rope. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] This invention provides a rainfall-driven landslide experimental device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a base frame 1, a housing 2, an adjustment assembly, and a base plate 4. The base frame 1 is a frame structure, comprising a rectangular base frame 11 and four vertical columns 12 fixed to the four corners of the base frame 11. The housing 2 is a box-type structure without a top or bottom and open at the front. The length of the housing is from front to back, and the housing 2 is suspended and confined inside the base frame 1. In this embodiment, the housing 2 includes two vertically arranged side plates 21, which are arranged along the length of the housing 2. The rear ends of the two side plates 21 are fixedly connected by a rear end plate 22 perpendicular to them.

[0032] The bottom plate 4 is located between the bottom of the box 2 and the bottom frame 11. The two side plates 21 of the box 2 are connected to the bottom plate 4 through the adjustment component. The adjustment component is used to drive the bottom plate 4 to move up and down, so that the bottom plate 4 moves closer to or away from the bottom of the box 2. When the bottom plate 4 abuts against the box 2, it can close the bottom of the box 2.

[0033] like Figure 2As shown, a first spool 41 is located below the rear end of the base plate 4, and a second spool 42 is located below the front end of the base plate 4. The first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are parallel to each other and arranged along the width direction of the base plate 4. One end of the first film 43 is wound around the first spool 41 to form a film roll, and the other end of the first film 43 passes over the top of the base plate 4 and is wound around the second spool 42. A drive assembly is fixed to the front end of the housing 2 and is used to drive the second spool 42 to rotate to wind the first film 43 above the base plate 4, while simultaneously driving the first spool 41 to rotate and release the first film 43 wound on the first spool 41. The drive assembly can be a manual crank or a drive motor.

[0034] During operation, the bottom plate 4 is first moved away from the bottom of the box 2 by adjusting the components, that is, the bottom plate 4 is a certain distance away from the bottom of the box 2. The second roller 42 is driven to rotate and the first film 43 above the bottom plate 4 is wound onto the second roller 42. At the same time, the first roller 41 is driven to rotate and the first film 43 on the first roller 41 is moved to the top of the bottom plate 4, thus completing the replacement of the first film 43. Finally, the bottom plate 4 is brought into contact with the bottom of the box 2 by adjusting the components again to close the box 2. This greatly reduces the cumbersome operation when laying the first film 43 on the surface of the bottom plate 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, the adjustment assembly includes a swing plate 23, a linkage plate 24, and a first drive cylinder 25. Two or more swing plates 23 are evenly distributed on the outer side of each side plate 21, and all swing plates 23 are parallel to each other. The upper end of each swing plate 23 is hinged to the side plate 21, and the lower end of each first swing plate 23 is hinged to the bottom plate 4. The swing plates 23 on the same side are linked through the linkage plate 24, meaning the linkage plate 24 is parallel to the bottom plate 4 and hinged to the same position of all swing plates 23 on the same side. Each side plate 21 is provided with several first drive cylinders 25. The cylinder body of each first drive cylinder 25 is rotatably connected to the side plate 21, and the telescopic rod of the first drive cylinder 25 is hinged to the linkage plate 24. During operation, the telescopic rods of the first drive cylinders 25 on both sides can reciprocate linearly, driving all the first swing plates 23 to swing synchronously through the linkage plates 24 on both sides, thereby causing the bottom plate 4 to move away from or closer to the bottom of the housing 2, facilitating the opening or closing of the bottom of the housing 2.

[0036] To adapt the chamber 2 to simulation tests at different angles, the front ends of the side plates 21 are hinged to the bottom of the columns 12 at the front end of the base frame 1, and the rear ends of the side plates 21 are rotatably connected to the columns 12 at the rear end of the base frame 1 via the second drive cylinder 13. Specifically, the cylinder body of the second drive cylinder 13 is hinged to the bottom of the columns 12 at the rear end of the base frame 1, and the telescopic rod of the second drive cylinder 13 is hinged to the side plates 21. Since the front end of the chamber 2 is hinged to the columns 12 at the front end of the base frame 1, when the telescopic rod of the second drive cylinder 13 extends or retracts, the chamber 2 rotates with its front hinge point as the fulcrum, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the chamber 2 and simulating the occurrence of slopes under different gradient conditions.

[0037] As an improvement, such as Figure 2 As shown, the box 2 is also equipped with a push plate 26. The two sides of the push plate 26 are slidably connected to two side plates 21, that is, the push plate 26 can reciprocate within the box 2 along the length of the box 2. The rear end plate 22 is connected to a water inlet pipe. When laying the slip zone soil and the landslide, the push plate 26 is used to isolate the slip zone soil, the landslide and the rear end plate 22. At the same time, the area between the push plate 26 and the rear end plate 22 is used for water injection for landslide testing. The push plate 26 can make the rear edge of the landslide uniformly stressed under the hydrostatic pressure formed by the water filling.

[0038] As a further improvement, such as Figure 3 As shown, a movable frame 3 is also provided to facilitate the installation of a landslide. The movable frame 3 includes a top support, a partition plate 31, an unwinding roller 32, and a second film 33. The two partition plates 31 are parallel to each other and vertically connected to the left and right sides below the top support. The partition plates 31 are parallel to each other and the side plates 21 are parallel to each other. The distance between the two partition plates 31 is less than the distance between the two side plates 21.

[0039] The top support is slidably connected to four columns 12 at its four corners. Specifically, a set of diagonal columns 12 is vertically equipped with lifting cylinders 14, the telescopic rods of which are fixed to the bottom of the top support. Another set of diagonal columns 12 passes vertically through the top support and is slidably connected to it. During operation, the telescopic rods of the two lifting cylinders 14 extend or retract synchronously, which drives the top support to move vertically upward or downward along the columns 12. The isolation plate 31 rises or falls with the top support into the housing 2.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the isolation plate 31 is provided with a bottom rod 311, a push cylinder 312, and a top rod 313. The bottom inner sides of the two isolation plates 31 are respectively connected to the corresponding bottom rods 311. The bottom rods 311 are arranged along the bottom edge of the isolation plate 31 (parallel to the length direction of the box body 2), and the bottom rods 311 are a certain distance away from the corresponding isolation plates 31, that is, a first gap is formed between the bottom rods 311 and the corresponding isolation plates 31. Preferably, both ends of the bottom rods 311 are connected to the isolation plates 31 through support members. The support members are vertically fixed to the isolation plates 31, and both ends of the bottom rods 311 are rotatably connected to the support members, so that the bottom rods 311 can rotate about their own axis.

[0041] Each of the two side isolation plates 31 has a top rod 313 on its inner top surface. The top rod 313 is parallel to the bottom rod 31, and a second gap is formed between the top rod 313 and the isolation plate 31. Both the first gap and the second gap are used to pass through the second membrane 33. The front and rear ends of the top rod 313 are provided with push cylinders 312. The cylinder body of the push cylinder 312 is fixedly connected to the isolation plate 31. The telescopic rod of the push cylinder 312 is perpendicularly fixed to both ends of the top rod 313. When the telescopic rod of the push cylinder 312 extends or retracts, it can drive the top rod 313 away from or towards the corresponding isolation plate 31.

[0042] The top support is rotatably connected to the unwinding roller 32, the axis of which is parallel to the width of the housing 2, and the unwinding roller 32 is located outside the left partition 31. One end of the second film 33 is wound around the unwinding roller 32 to form a film roll, and the other end of the second film 33 passes sequentially from the inside of the left partition 31 around the left top rod 313, the left bottom rod 311, the right low rod 311, and the right top rod 313, so that the second film 33 forms a U-shape between the opposing surfaces of the two partitions 31, thus forming a U-shaped film. By pushing the cylinder 312 to move the top rods 313 on both sides closer to the corresponding partitions 31, the upper end of the U-shaped film located between the two partitions 31 can be pressed between the partitions 31 and the corresponding top rods 313.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, an elastic sleeve 314 is fitted over the left push rod 313. A cutter 315 is provided along the length of the push rod 313 on the side facing the left isolation plate 31. The length of the cutter 315 protruding from the push rod 313 is less than the thickness of the elastic sleeve 314. When the push cylinder 312 drives the telescopic rod to retract, the upper left end of the U-shaped film is first pressed onto the inner side of the left isolation plate 31 by the elastic sleeve 314. As the telescopic rod of the push cylinder 312 retracts, the elastic sleeve 314 continues to compress, and the cutter 315 cuts off the upper left end of the U-shaped film, separating the U-shaped film from the unwinding roller 32. The elastic sleeve 314 can also press the upper left end of the U-shaped film tightly against the inner side of the left isolation plate 31.

[0044] After the slip zone soil is laid, the movable frame 3 descends vertically, causing the isolation plates 31 on both sides to be inserted into the box 2. The U-shaped membrane falls on the slip zone soil, forming a relatively independent space inside the box 2. The landslide is laid inside the U-shaped membrane to further achieve the waterproofing and isolation of the landslide, enabling the experiment to study the landslide change pattern more accurately.

[0045] As a further improvement, the two side isolation plates 31 are slidably connected to the top plate support along the width direction of the box body 2. Adjustment cylinders 34 are also provided on the top of the opposite sides of the two side isolation plates 31. The telescopic rods of the adjustment cylinders 34 are fixed to the two isolation plates 31, and the cylinder body of the adjustment cylinder 34 is fixed to the top support. The telescopic rods of the adjustment cylinders 34 can reciprocate linearly perpendicular to the isolation plates 31. That is, the adjustment cylinders 34 can move the two side isolation plates 31 closer together or further apart, allowing the distance between the isolation plates 31 to be adjusted according to experimental needs. During the experiment, the size of the experimental area can be flexibly changed to adapt to landslide simulation experiments of different scales, improving the adaptability of the experimental device to different experimental needs and enhancing the pertinence and effectiveness of the experimental research.

[0046] like Figure 3As shown, a support frame 5 is also provided to simulate rainfall. The support frame 5 is located between two isolation plates 31 and suspended above the U-shaped membrane. Several sprinkler heads 51 are provided at the bottom of the support frame 5 to simulate rainfall. A set of diagonally opposite columns 12 passing through the top support are fixed to the top of the support frame 5 by two traction cables 52. When the movable frame 3 moves downward, the support frame 5 is fixed to the top of the columns 12, and the distance between the support frame 5 and the U-shaped membrane gradually increases, making room for laying slip zone soil. No additional drive device is needed to control the height of the sprinkler heads 51, simplifying the device structure and reducing costs. In other embodiments, to ensure the stability of the support frame 5, a support rod can be added to fix the support frame 5. For example, a vertical support rod can be set in the middle of the rear end of the base frame 1. The support rod passes through the top plate support and slides with the top plate support. The top of the support rod is fixed to the rear end of the top of the support frame 5 by a connector.

[0047] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0048] The first step is to drive the two side linkage plates 24 to move synchronously through the first drive cylinder 25, which pushes the first swing plates 23 on both sides of the box 2 to swing at the same time, so that the bottom plate 4 is separated from the bottom of the box 2.

[0049] The second step is to drive the second spool 42 to rotate, which in turn drives the first spool 41 to rotate and unwind, so that the first film 43 originally wound on the first spool 41 covers the top of the base plate 4; the base plate 4 is then brought into contact with the bottom of the box body 2 by the drive cylinder 25, thus completing the laying of the new first film 43 on the base plate 4.

[0050] The third step is to lay slip zone soil on the first film 43, and level and compact it as you lay it.

[0051] In the fourth step, the movable frame 3 is vertically lowered by the lifting cylinder 14, and the unwinding roller 32 releases the second film 33. The free end of the second film 33 passes through the left top rod 313, the left bottom rod 311, the right bottom rod 311 and the right top rod 313 in sequence from the inside of the left partition 31 to form a U-shaped film. The extension rod of the driving cylinder 312 is moved to press the upper end of the U-shaped film onto the corresponding partition plate 31 by the top rods 313 on both sides. The movable frame 3 continues to descend vertically until the U-shaped film falls onto the slip zone soil.

[0052] Fifth step, adjust the position of the push plate 26 to a certain distance from the rear end plate 22, use fine clay retrieved on site to soak in water to form a soft plastic shape and then fill the gaps (the gaps between the push plate 26 and the bottom plate 4 and the side plate 21) to prevent the large amount of water seepage and loss through the side boundary; lay a landslide in the area of ​​the U-shaped membrane to achieve the function of waterproofing and isolation of the landslide.

[0053] The sixth step involves using the lifting cylinder 14 to lift the top plate support and the isolation plate 31, leaving only the U-shaped membrane to wrap around the landslide. The U-shaped membrane reduces the friction with the side plate 21, which can simulate the actual situation where there is a constraint between the rock and soil on both sides of the landslide.

[0054] The seventh step is to fill the space between the push plate 26 and the rear end plate 22 with water so that the rear edge of the landslide is subjected to uniform force under the hydrostatic pressure formed by the water filling; adjust the inclination of the box 2 by the second drive cylinder 13, and then simulate rainfall by the spray head 51. Observe the changes in the landslide and record them to complete the experiment.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainfall-driven landslide experimental device, characterized in that, It includes a base frame, a housing, an adjustment assembly, a base plate, and a movable frame; the base frame is a frame structure, which includes a bottom frame and four vertical columns fixed to the four corners of the bottom frame; the housing is a box-type structure without a top or bottom and open at the front, with the length of the housing from front to back, and the housing is suspended and limited inside the base frame; The bottom plate is located between the bottom of the box and the bottom of the base frame. The box is connected to the bottom plate through an adjustment component. The adjustment component is used to drive the bottom plate closer to or away from the bottom of the box. When the bottom plate abuts against the bottom of the box, the box can be closed. The rear end and front end of the base plate are respectively provided with a first roller and a second roller parallel to the width direction of the base plate. One end of the first film is wound around the first roller, and the other end of the first film passes over the top of the base plate and is wound around the second roller. The second roller rotates under the drive of the drive assembly fixed to the front end of the box to wind the first film, and at the same time drives the first roller to rotate to release the first film wound on it. The movable frame includes a top support, a separator plate, a second film, and an unwinding roller; Two partitions are vertically connected to the left and right sides below the top support, respectively, and the distance between the two partitions is less than the width of the box; the unwinding roller is fixed to the left side of the top support parallel to the width of the box, and the second film is wound on the unwinding roller; The isolation plate is equipped with a clamping assembly, which includes a bottom rod, a push cylinder, and a top rod. The bottom rod and the top rod are respectively arranged on the inner side of the bottom and top of the isolation plate, parallel to the length direction of the box body, and the bottom rod and the top rod are at a certain distance from the corresponding isolation plate. The top rod is connected to the telescopic rod of the push cylinder fixed to the isolation plate. The push cylinder moves by extending and retracting its own telescopic rod, which drives the top rod away from or towards the corresponding isolation plate. The free end of the second film passes sequentially around the left top rod, left bottom rod, right bottom rod, and right top rod from the inside of the left partition, so that the second film forms a U-shape between the opposite faces of the two partitions; and the upper end of the U-shaped second film can be pressed onto the corresponding partitions by the top rods respectively. A set of diagonal columns of the base frame are equipped with lifting cylinders. The telescopic rods of the lifting cylinders are fixed to the bottom of the top support. Another set of diagonal columns pass vertically through the top support and are slidably connected to it. By the synchronous extension or retraction of the telescopic rods of the lifting cylinders, the movable frame is driven to move vertically upward or downward.

2. The rainfall-driven landslide experimental device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment components include a swing plate, a linkage plate, and a first drive cylinder; Both sides of the box are hinged to the bottom plate by several parallel swing plates. All swing plates on the same side are hinged to the linkage plate at the same position to achieve linkage. The linkage plate is rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the box through the first drive cylinder. The first drive cylinders on both sides move in sync through the reciprocating linear motion of their own telescopic rods, driving the linkage plates on both sides to make all the swing plates swing synchronously, thereby making the bottom plate move away from or closer to the box, so as to realize the opening or closing of the bottom of the box.

3. The rainfall-driven landslide experimental device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The front end of the box is hinged to the bottom of the front column of the base frame, and the rear end of the box is rotatably connected to the rear column of the base frame through a second drive cylinder; the second drive cylinder moves by extending and retracting its own telescopic rod, so that the box rotates with its front hinge point as the fulcrum.

4. The rainfall-driven landslide experimental device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The left push rod is fitted with an elastic sleeve. A cutter is provided along the length of the push rod on the side facing the left isolation plate. The length of the cutter protruding from the push rod is less than the thickness of the elastic sleeve.

5. The rainfall-driven landslide experimental device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The isolation plate is slidably connected to the top support along the width of the box. The top of the opposite sides of the isolation plates on both sides are fixed to the top support through adjusting cylinders. The adjusting cylinders move in a reciprocating linear motion perpendicular to the isolation plate through their own telescopic rods, causing the isolation plates on both sides to move closer or further away.

6. The rainfall-driven landslide experimental device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It is also equipped with a support frame, which is located between the two partition plates and suspended above the U-shaped second membrane. Several spray heads are provided at the bottom of the support frame.

7. The rainfall-driven landslide experimental device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The box is equipped with a push plate, which is slidably connected to the left and right sides of the box.

8. An experimental method for rainfall-driven landslides, characterized in that, Using the apparatus as described in claim 7, the steps are as follows: The first step is to adjust the components so that the base plate is away from the bottom of the box; The second step involves driving the second reel to rotate, which in turn drives the first reel to rotate, causing the first film wound on the first reel to cover the top of the base plate; the base plate is then pressed against the bottom of the box by adjusting the assembly. The third step is to lay slip zone soil on the first film; Fourth step, the unwinding roller releases the second film. The free end of the second film passes through the left top rod, left bottom rod, right bottom rod and right top rod in sequence from the inside of the left partition to form a U-shaped film. The drive cylinder telescopic rod presses the upper end of the U-shaped film onto the corresponding partition plates through the top rods on both sides. The lifting cylinder makes the movable frame descend vertically until the U-shaped film comes into contact with the slip zone soil. Fifth step, adjust the position of the push plate; lay the landslide within the area of ​​the U-shaped membrane; The sixth step involves using a lifting cylinder to raise the top support and isolation plate, causing the U-shaped membrane to detach from the isolation plate. Step 7: Fill the space between the push plate and the rear end of the box with water; adjust the inclination of the box using the second drive cylinder, then simulate rainfall using the spray nozzles, observe the changes in the landslide and record them to complete the experiment.

Images