A rock slope stability analysis method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydropower engineering geological survey, and more particularly to a rock slope stability analysis method; comprising: S1, drawing a slope engineering geological sketch; S2, collecting the rubble and block stone accumulated on the slope angle to obtain a rubble and block stone shape shape map; S3, restoring the damaged area of the slope to obtain the topographic profile map of the damaged area before the damage; S4, based on the restored topographic profile map and the slope engineering geological sketch, confirming the specific cracks that cause the damage of the damaged area of the slope; S5, in the slope engineering geological sketch determined in step S1, all cracks parallel to each crack determined in step S4 are screened out and marked in the slope engineering geological sketch; S6, according to all cracks marked in the slope engineering geological sketch in step S5, the unstable area of the slope is divided; the accuracy of the potential damage of the slope rock is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological surveying technology for hydropower projects, and in particular to a method for analyzing the stability of rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to general engineering projects, hydropower projects are characterized by their high level of specialization and technical standards. During the construction of hydropower projects, rock slope failure is frequently encountered during slope excavation. Currently, when encountering rock slope failure, engineering technicians conduct geological surveys of the damaged slope surface and surrounding area at the project site. They then integrate the results of previous engineering geological investigations and use engineering geological analysis principles or computer numerical simulation methods to analyze the slope's stability. This method, however, is time-consuming.

[0003] The existing technology CN107328919B discloses a method for classifying and analyzing the stability of rock mass engineering in mine slopes, including the following steps: 1) In an open-pit mine, investigate the development of rock mass structural planes within the slope rock mass area. Measure the occurrence and scale of bedding, foliation, phyllation, foliation, faults, and joints on-site and record them separately; 2) Classify the structural planes developed in the slope rock mass: bedding, foliation, phyllation, foliation, and faults whose structural plane scale is greater than or equal to a multiple of the overall slope scale are considered penetrating structural planes; faults whose structural plane scale is less than a multiple of the overall slope scale are considered non-penetrating structural planes; joints are considered small-scale structural planes; 3) Based on the slope surface dip and angle determined by the design boundary of the overall mine slope, plot a stereographic projection together with the dip and angle of the penetrating structural planes to analyze the potential failure modes of the overall stability of the mine rock mass slope. However, the above method does not take into account the gravel and boulders generated by the already occurred rock slope failure when analyzing potential damage, which makes the analysis of potential damage inaccurate.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for analyzing the stability of rock slopes, which can improve the accuracy of the potential damage to rock slopes compared to existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a method for analyzing the stability of rock slopes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for analyzing the stability of rock slopes includes the following steps: S1. Draw a geological sketch of the slope at the engineering site. The geological sketch of the slope includes the area exposed by the slope excavation, the area where the slope is damaged, cracks and faults. S2. Collect the gravel and boulders accumulated at the slope angle in the area where the slope is damaged, obtain the shape map of the gravel and boulders, and analyze and determine the specific crack characteristics that generated the shape of the gravel and boulders. S3. Restore the damaged area of ​​the slope in the engineering geological sketch of the slope drawn in step S1 to obtain the topographic profile of the restored slope area. S4. Based on the restored topographic profile obtained in step S3 and the engineering geological sketch of the slope drawn in step S1, the specific cracks that caused the slope damage are determined using the specific crack features identified in step S2. S5. In the slope engineering geological sketch map determined in step S1, select all the cracks that are parallel to each other and grouped according to the crack phase identified in step S4, and mark them in the slope engineering geological sketch map. S6. Based on the cracks marked on the slope engineering geological sketch map in step S5, delineate the unstable areas of the slope.

[0007] Furthermore, S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. In the slope engineering geological sketch map drawn in step S1, set multiple topographic profiles, one of which is located in the area where the slope is damaged. S32. Obtain the topographic profile map at each topographic profile. Based on the topographic profile map corresponding to the topographic profile map in the area where the slope is damaged, restore the topography of the damaged area to obtain the restored topographic profile map of the damaged area.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S32, the specific method for obtaining the topographic profile map after the slope occurrence area is as follows: obtain the slope of the topographic profile map corresponding to the topographic profile map not in the slope occurrence area, take the average value of all the slopes, and use this average value as the slope of the topographic profile map corresponding to the topographic profile map located in the slope occurrence area, thereby obtaining the topographic profile map after the slope occurrence area is restored.

[0009] Furthermore, S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Identify all cracks in the topographic profile of the restored slope failure area. S42. Based on the shape diagrams of gravel and boulders obtained in step S2, analyze the characteristics of each crack obtained in step S41, and select the cracks that can cut out the shape diagrams of gravel and boulders. S43. Based on the cracks screened in step S42, identify the specific cracks that caused the slope damage.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S43, by combining engineering geological analysis and judgment methods, the cracks screened in step S42 are divided into cracks that serve as bottom slip surfaces, cracks that serve as trailing edge cutting surfaces, and cracks that serve as slope cutting surfaces. Cracks that serve as bottom slip surfaces and cracks that serve as slope cutting surfaces are identified as the specific cracks that cause slope damage.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S6, the unstable area of ​​the slope is at least the minimum range where all the cracks marked in step S5 are located.

[0012] Furthermore, if no cracks are marked in step S5, it indicates that there are no unstable areas in the slope excavation area.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the shapes in the shape diagram include at least triangular prisms, tetrahedrons, and pentahedrons.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the angle of each face of the gravel and boulders is measured using a protractor.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the length of each side of the gravel and boulders is measured using a measuring tape.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention combines engineering experience with theory, making full use of the natural laws under the natural conditions on site, and making full use of the shape of gravel and boulders in the damaged area of ​​the slope to quickly and accurately analyze and determine whether the slope will be further damaged and to identify the unstable area of ​​the slope; thus, the next step of engineering support can be carried out for the identified unstable area of ​​the slope. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a geological sketch of the slope engineering of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the morphology of the crushed stone and the block stone of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This invention is a slope engineering geological sketch map including a topographic profile.

[0021] Figure 5 These are the topographic profile diagrams corresponding to the three topographic profiles of this invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a topographic profile of the damaged area of ​​the slope after restoration according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a topographic profile of the restored slope damage area marked by the cracks in this invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a topographic profile of the restored slope damage area, showing the shape of each crack after it was cut, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for analyzing the stability of rock slopes, including the following steps: S1. Draw a geological sketch of the slope at the engineering site. The drawn geological sketch of the slope is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, this includes the area exposed by slope excavation, the area where the slope has been damaged, cracks, and faults.

[0027] S2. Collect the gravel and boulders accumulated at the slope angle within the area where the slope has been damaged. The edges of the collected gravel and boulders are not rock cross-sections, but rather the slope surface of bedrock and the joint crack surface of the rock mass. Analyze the morphology and shape of the collected gravel and boulders to obtain a morphology and shape diagram of the gravel and boulders in the area where the slope has been damaged, and analyze and determine the specific crack characteristics that generated the morphology and shape of the gravel and boulders.

[0028] The shape diagram obtained in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes three types of gravel and boulders; among them, Figure 3 A in the diagram represents a triangular prism. The specific crack characteristics of a triangular prism are: it includes five faces, two of which are parallel and have equal areas. Figure 3 The shape shown in B is a tetrahedron. The specific crack characteristics of a tetrahedron are: the four faces must intersect each other in pairs. Figure 3 The figure in C represents a pentahedron. The specific crack characteristics of a pentahedron are: the upper and lower faces are parallel and their areas differ significantly. A significant area difference can be seen as the difference in area between the upper and lower faces being greater than the area threshold.

[0029] The angles of each face of the gravel and boulders were measured using a protractor, and the lengths of each side were measured using a measuring tape.

[0030] S3. Restore the damaged area of ​​the slope in the slope engineering geological sketch obtained in step S1, specifically including the following steps: S31. In the slope engineering geological sketch map obtained in step S1, multiple topographic profiles are set, one of which is located in the slope failure area, while the others are not located in the slope failure area. In this embodiment, three topographic profiles are preferred, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0031] S32. Obtain the terrain profile maps at the three terrain profiles set in step S31, such as... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 2-2 and 3-3 in the diagram are topographic profiles corresponding to the undamaged areas revealed during slope excavation. Figure 5 1-1 in the diagram is the topographic profile of the area where the slope failure occurred. Calculation Figure 5 The slopes of the topographic profiles corresponding to sections 2-2 and 3-3 are used. The average of the two calculated slopes is taken as the slope of the affected area before slope failure. This allows for the reconstruction of the affected area. The reconstructed topographic profile of the affected area is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0032] S4. Based on the topographic profile of the slope failure area obtained in step S3 and the engineering geological sketch of the slope drawn in step S1, identify the specific cracks that caused the slope failure, which includes the following steps: S41. Identify all cracks in the restored topographic profile of the slope failure area, and extend all cracks using geological mapping methods, such as... Figure 7 As shown. In this embodiment, the cracks in the topographic profile of the restored slope damage area include L1, L2, L3, and L4.

[0033] S42, Analysis Figure 7 The shapes of the slope rocks after each crack has cut through them, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the rock shape cut by arbitrarily combining various cracks is compared with the morphological shape diagram obtained in step S2, and cracks that can cut rocks into the shape diagram are selected.

[0034] like Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, only the combination of L1 and L2, or the combination of L1 and L4, can cut the rock with the shape shown in A or B in the shape diagram, and only the combination of L3 and L4 can cut the rock with the shape shown in C in the shape diagram. However, the shape of the rock formed by the combination of L1, L2, and L4 is not shown in the shape diagram, indicating that the rock formed by the combination of L1, L2, and L4 did not separate along L2 during the slope failure process in this embodiment. This indicates that L2 has limited cutting ability on the slope rock mass, and L2 is not a crack that affects the stability of the slope. It also indicates that L2 is not included in the cracks that cause the slope failure area. Therefore, based on the above analysis, the cracks that can cut the rock with the shape shown in the shape diagram include L1, L3, and L4.

[0035] S43. Based on the cracks in the rocks that can be cut out according to the shape diagram selected in step S42, the cracks that cause the slope failure area are obtained; combined with the engineering geological analysis and judgment method, the cracks as bottom slip surface, cracks as rear edge cutting surface and cracks as slope cutting surface are identified, and the cracks as bottom slip surface and cracks as slope cutting surface are confirmed as the specific cracks that cause the slope failure area to fail.

[0036] In this embodiment, L3 is a crack on the bottom slip surface, L1 is a crack on the trailing edge cutting surface, and L4 is a crack on the slope cutting surface. The specific cracks that cause the slope to fail are L3 and L4.

[0037] S5. In the slope engineering geological sketch map determined in step S1, select all cracks that are parallel to the cracks that caused the failure in each area of ​​the slope, and mark them on the slope engineering geological sketch map, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0038] In this embodiment, all cracks that are grouped parallel to L3 and L4 are selected from the slope engineering geological sketch map.

[0039] S6. Based on all the cracks marked in the slope engineering geological sketch map in step S5, delineate the unstable area of ​​the slope. The unstable area of ​​the slope shall include at least the minimum range of all the cracks marked in step S5. If no cracks are marked in step S5, it means that there is no unstable area of ​​the slope in the area exposed by the excavation.

[0040] In this embodiment, the unstable slope area is at least the minimum range that includes all the cracks grouped parallel to L3 and L4.

[0041] This invention combines engineering experience with theory, making full use of the natural laws under the natural conditions on site, and making full use of the shape of gravel and boulders in the damaged area of ​​the slope to quickly and accurately analyze and determine whether the slope will be further damaged and to identify the unstable area of ​​the slope; thus, the next step of engineering support can be carried out for the identified unstable area of ​​the slope.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the stability of rock slopes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Draw a geological sketch of the slope at the engineering site. The geological sketch of the slope includes the area exposed by the slope excavation, the area where the slope is damaged, cracks and faults. S2. Collect the gravel and boulders accumulated at the slope angle in the area where the slope is damaged, obtain the shape map of the gravel and boulders, and analyze and determine the specific crack characteristics that generated the shape of the gravel and boulders. S3. Restore the damaged area of ​​the slope in the engineering geological sketch of the slope drawn in step S1 to obtain the topographic profile of the restored slope area. S4. Based on the restored topographic profile obtained in step S3 and the engineering geological sketch of the slope drawn in step S1, the specific cracks that caused the slope damage are determined using the specific crack features identified in step S2. S5. In the slope engineering geological sketch map determined in step S1, select all the cracks that are parallel to each other and grouped according to the crack phase identified in step S4, and mark them in the slope engineering geological sketch map. S6. Based on the cracks marked on the slope engineering geological sketch map in step S5, delineate the unstable areas of the slope.

2. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. In the slope engineering geological sketch map drawn in step S1, set multiple topographic profiles, one of which is located in the area where the slope is damaged. S32. Obtain the topographic profile map at each topographic profile. Based on the topographic profile map corresponding to the topographic profile map in the area where the slope is damaged, restore the topography of the damaged area to obtain the restored topographic profile map of the damaged area.

3. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S32, the specific method for obtaining the topographic profile map of the restored slope occurrence area is as follows: obtain the slope of the topographic profile map corresponding to the topographic profile map not in the slope failure area, take the average value of all slopes, and use this average value as the slope of the topographic profile map corresponding to the topographic profile map located in the slope occurrence area, thereby obtaining the topographic profile map of the restored slope occurrence area.

4. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Identify all cracks in the topographic profile of the restored slope failure area. S42. Based on the shape diagrams of gravel and boulders obtained in step S2, analyze the characteristics of each crack obtained in step S41, and select the cracks that can cut out the shape diagrams of gravel and boulders. S43. Based on the cracks screened in step S42, identify the specific cracks that caused the slope damage.

5. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S43, the cracks selected in step S42 are classified by combining engineering geological analysis and judgment methods into cracks that serve as bottom slip surfaces, cracks that serve as trailing edge cutting surfaces, and cracks that serve as slope cutting surfaces. Cracks that serve as bottom slip surfaces and cracks that serve as slope cutting surfaces are identified as the specific cracks that cause slope damage.

6. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the unstable area of ​​the slope is at least the minimum range of all the cracks marked in step S5.

7. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 5, characterized in that, If no cracks are marked in step S5, it indicates that there are no unstable areas in the slope exposed by the excavation.

8. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the shapes in the shape diagram include at least triangular prisms, tetrahedrons, and pentahedrons.

9. The method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the angle of each face of the gravel and boulders is measured using a protractor.

10. A method for analyzing the stability of a rock slope according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the length of each side of the gravel and boulders is measured using a measuring tape.

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