An ecological restoration device and method for fish habitat

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fish habitat ecological restoration device and method, the device includes floating ecological restoration platform and the protective layer located at the periphery of floating ecological restoration platform, the floating ecological restoration platform includes the matrix structure of the group of buoyancy units connected by elastic connecting piece, matrix structure is connected with the protective layer by second telescopic component, the bottom of matrix structure is anchored on the riverbed of water body bottom by anchoring component, control system is arranged on the protective layer, and second telescopic component is electrically connected with control system.The anchoring component and second telescopic component of adjustable length of the application can resist the damage caused by large water level amplitude and unstable water flow to the restoration facility in unstable water area, and continuously carry out ecological restoration, to ensure the restoration effect.The setting of solar cell panel can reduce the dependence on the outside world, and is suitable for setting in remote areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular relates to an ecological restoration device and method for fish habitats. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological restoration of fish habitats is a crucial aspect of current ecological restoration efforts. Habitat destruction is caused by a variety of factors, including urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural activities leading to the pollution, landfilling, damming, or alteration of large bodies of water. The discharge of industrial and domestic wastewater causes eutrophication, impacting fish habitats; river damming alters water flow patterns, blocking fish migration routes and preventing many species from reaching suitable breeding and foraging grounds. Natural disasters and climate change also damage fish habitats. Extreme weather events such as floods and droughts can shrink water areas and deteriorate water quality, affecting fish survival and reproduction. Furthermore, excessive commercial fishing, illegal fishing, and recreational fishing have drastically reduced the populations of many fish species. Some important economically important fish species have experienced significant resource depletion due to long-term overfishing, even facing the risk of depletion. Therefore, ecological restoration of fish habitats is urgently needed.

[0003] Currently, methods for ecological restoration of fish habitats mainly include improving water quality, restoring aquatic morphology, and restoring fish communities. For example, this involves controlling pollution and purifying water using aquatic plants and microorganisms; restoring river connectivity to allow fish to migrate freely between different bodies of water, seeking suitable breeding, feeding, and overwintering sites; providing a favorable growth and breeding environment for fish through artificial facilities; and selecting suitable fish species for stock enhancement based on the ecological characteristics of the water body and the status of fish resources. While these methods can contribute to the ecological restoration of fish habitats to some extent, it is well known that fish habitats are diverse. While these restoration methods have a certain degree of generality, specific restoration plans are needed for the restoration of special habitats. Among the many fish habitats, those in areas with large water level fluctuations and unstable currents (such as reservoirs and mountain rivers) are a relatively special type. Ecological restoration of fish habitats in such environments faces the following technical challenges:

[0004] Water level fluctuations can cause restoration facilities to fail: for example, traditional fixed fish nests and artificial reefs become exposed and fail when the water level drops, or are submerged and fail when the water level rises. Frequent water level fluctuations cause unstable contact between restoration materials and the water, affecting the restoration effect. Furthermore, the impact of water flow can damage and wash away restoration materials; for example, during the flood season, strong currents can easily wash away or damage traditional restoration materials. Sediment carried by the water flow can cover restoration facilities, affecting their functionality.

[0005] It is evident that waters with large fluctuations in water level and unstable water flow are prone to damaging repair facilities, thereby affecting the repair results.

[0006] Patent application CN114831057A discloses a method for artificially constructing lake fish habitats. Although this method also addresses the impact of large water level differences and unstable water flow on the fish's ecological environment, the patent application involves setting up fish gathering areas on floating islands. These fish gathering areas are specifically located below suspended artificial fish nests or biomimetic aquatic plants. The entire structure of the floating island is a square or circular shape with an opening on one side, facing the upstream direction of the water flow. However, this structure cannot adjust the spacing between the various fish gathering areas to reduce the impact of water flow on the overall structure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an ecological restoration device and method for fish habitats.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0009] The present invention provides an ecological restoration device for fish habitats, comprising a floating ecological restoration platform and a protective layer located on the outer periphery of the floating ecological restoration platform. The floating ecological restoration platform comprises a matrix structure composed of buoyancy units connected by elastic connectors. The matrix structure is connected to the protective layer through a second telescopic component. The bottom of the matrix structure is anchored to the riverbed at the bottom of the water body through an anchoring component. A control system is provided on the protective layer, and the second telescopic component is electrically connected to the control system.

[0010] Preferably, the buoyancy unit includes a buoyancy upper cover and a buoyancy lower cover, which are connected by a connecting rod. The bottom of the buoyancy lower cover is anchored to the riverbed at the bottom of the water body by an anchoring assembly. A fish nest is provided between the buoyancy upper cover and the buoyancy lower cover, and the fish nest is connected to the buoyancy upper cover and the buoyancy lower cover by an elastic rope.

[0011] Preferably, the fish nest includes a multi-layered honeycomb structure arranged from top to bottom, with an adhesive matrix provided on each layer of the honeycomb structure, and the multi-layered honeycomb structures are fixedly connected between the buoyancy upper cover and the buoyancy lower cover by elastic ropes.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the buoyancy cover is provided with one or two of photocatalysts and aquatic plants, and a water level sensor is installed on the buoyancy cover.

[0013] Preferably, a sinker is provided on the buoyancy cover, and a temperature sensor and a camera are provided on the buoyancy cover.

[0014] Preferably, the protective layer includes a circular inner plate and an outer plate, with the inner plate sleeved inside the outer plate. The inner plate is connected to the matrix structure via a second telescopic component. The top and bottom of the inner and outer plates are connected via connecting plates. A third telescopic component is provided on the inner plate, with a toothed piece rotatably mounted at the end of the third telescopic component away from the inner plate. A notch is opened on the outer plate at the corresponding position of the toothed piece.

[0015] Preferably, a partition is provided radially between the inner plate and the outer plate and on both sides of the third telescopic assembly, with the inner plate and the outer plate connected at both ends of the partition, and a water flow velocity sensor is installed on the outer surface of the outer plate.

[0016] Preferably, a motor is installed at one end of the third telescopic component, a gear is installed on the output shaft of the motor, and a solar panel is installed on the outer plate.

[0017] Preferably, the anchoring assembly includes a first telescopic assembly and a flexible connector. The first telescopic assembly includes a fixed cylinder and a movable rod. The bottom of the fixed cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the riverbed. One end of the movable rod extends into the fixed cylinder and is slidably connected. The other end of the movable rod is connected to the flexible connector. The top of the flexible connector is connected to the buoyancy cover.

[0018] The method of using the ecological restoration device includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Collect information on fish species and locations in the water area to be restored, match suitable growth environment information for the fish population based on the obtained information, and set corresponding parameters in the control system.

[0020] S2: The ecological restoration device is installed in the water area to be restored, and the matrix structure is fixed to the bottom of the riverbed using anchoring components for restoration.

[0021] S3: During the repair process, the anchoring components adjust their length according to changes in water level, keeping the buoyancy unit afloat and adapting to water level changes. The water flow velocity sensor monitors the water flow velocity data in real time and feeds it back to the control system. When the water flow velocity exceeds a preset value, the control system controls the third telescopic component to extend and rotates the toothed plate via a motor. At the same time, the control system controls the second telescopic component to extend, reducing the impact of the water flow. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature inside the buoyancy unit in real time and feeds the temperature data back to the control system. The camera captures images of fish on the fish nest and their spawning and resting behavior, and transmits the images to the control system. The control system then transmits the obtained temperature data and spawning and resting behavior photos to the user terminal connected to the communication connection for analysis.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention, through an adjustable-length anchoring component and a second telescopic component, enables the device to withstand damage to the restoration facilities caused by large water level fluctuations and unstable water flows, and to continuously carry out ecological restoration, thereby ensuring the restoration effect. The installation of solar panels reduces dependence on external resources, making it suitable for installation in remote areas. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the buoyancy unit;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring assembly.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a side view of the outer panel.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Buoyancy unit, 10-Camera, 11-Buoyancy top cover, 12-Buoyancy bottom cover, 121-Sinking weight, 13-Fish nest, 14-Connecting rod, 15-Solar panel, 16-Water level sensor, 17-Elastic rope, 18-Elastic rope, 19-Temperature sensor, 2-Protective layer, 21-Inner plate, 22-Outer plate, 23-Baffle, 24-Third telescopic assembly, 25-Toothed plate, 26-Cavity, 27-Water flow velocity sensor, 3-Control system, 4-Second telescopic assembly, 5-Elastic connector, 6-Anchoring assembly, 61-First telescopic assembly, 611-Fixed cylinder, 612-Moving rod, 62-Flexible connector. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0030] Example:

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an ecological restoration device for fish habitat includes a floating ecological restoration platform and a protective layer 2 located on the outer periphery of the floating ecological restoration platform. The floating ecological restoration platform includes a matrix structure composed of buoyancy units 1 connected by elastic connectors 5. The matrix structure is connected to the protective layer 2 by a second telescopic component 4. The bottom of the matrix structure is anchored to the riverbed at the bottom of the water body by an anchoring component 6. A control system 3 is installed on the protective layer 2. The second telescopic component 4 is electrically connected to the control system 3. The control system 3 is communicatively connected to a user terminal.

[0032] The buoyancy unit 1 includes a buoyancy upper cover 11 and a buoyancy lower cover 12. The second telescopic component 4 can be connected to either the buoyancy upper cover 11 or the buoyancy lower cover 12. To ensure that the floating ecological restoration platform can float on the water surface without significant displacement due to water flow, the buoyancy upper cover 11 and the buoyancy lower cover 12 are connected by a connecting rod 14. The bottom of the buoyancy lower cover 12 is anchored to the riverbed at the bottom of the water body by an anchoring component 6. A fish nest 13 is provided between the buoyancy upper cover 11 and the buoyancy lower cover 12, and the fish nest 13 is connected to the buoyancy upper cover 11 and the buoyancy lower cover 12 by an elastic rope 18. The buoyancy upper cover 11, the buoyancy lower cover 12, and the fish nest 13 are all disc-shaped and coaxially arranged.

[0033] The fish nest 13 includes a multi-layered honeycomb structure arranged from top to bottom. Each layer of the honeycomb structure is provided with an adhesive matrix. The multi-layered honeycomb structures are fixedly connected between the buoyancy upper cover 11 and the buoyancy lower cover 12 by elastic ropes 18.

[0034] The surface of the buoyancy cover 11 is provided with one or two of the following: photocatalyst 17 and aquatic plants, depending on the actual situation. A water level sensor 16 is installed on the buoyancy cover 11, and the water level sensor 16 is electrically connected to the control system 3.

[0035] A sinker 121 is provided on the buoyancy lower cover 12, and a temperature sensor 19 and a camera 10 are provided on the buoyancy lower cover 12. The temperature sensor 19 and the camera 10 are electrically connected to the control system 3 respectively.

[0036] The overall structure of buoyancy unit 1 is relatively loose, which can reduce the impact of water flow and reduce the risk of debris accumulation.

[0037] The protective layer 2 includes a circular inner plate 21 and an outer plate 22. The inner plate 21 is fitted inside the outer plate 22. The inner plate 21 is connected to the matrix structure through a second telescopic component 4. The top and bottom of the inner plate 21 and the outer plate 22 are connected by connecting plates. A plurality of third telescopic components 24 are provided on the inner plate 21. A toothed piece 25 is rotatably installed at the end of the third telescopic component 24 away from the inner plate 21. The outer plate 22 has a notch at the corresponding position of the toothed piece 25. The toothed piece 25 extends to the outside of the outer plate 22 under the action of the third telescopic component 24 and rotates.

[0038] A partition 23 is provided radially between the inner plate 21 and the outer plate 22 and on both sides of the third telescopic component 24. The two ends of the partition 23 are connected to the inner plate 21 and the outer plate 22 respectively. The partition 23 divides the cavity structure between the inner plate 21 and the outer plate 22 into several chambers 26. A control system 3 is installed in one of the chambers 26. A water flow velocity sensor 27 is installed on the outer surface of the outer plate 22. The water flow velocity sensor 27 and the third telescopic component 24 are electrically connected to the control system 3 respectively.

[0039] The third telescopic component 24 has a motor installed at one end of the toothed plate 25, the output shaft of the motor is mounted on the toothed plate 25, and a solar panel 15 is installed on the outer plate 22. The solar panel 15 is used to power the device.

[0040] The anchoring assembly 6 includes a first telescopic assembly 61 and a flexible connector 62. The first telescopic assembly 61 includes a fixed cylinder 611 and a movable rod 612. The bottom of the fixed cylinder 611 is fixed to the riverbed at the bottom of the water body. One end of the movable rod 612 extends into the fixed cylinder 611 and is slidably connected. The other end of the movable rod 612 is connected to the flexible connector 62. The top of the flexible connector 62 is connected to the buoyancy cover 12. The anchoring assembly 6 can adjust the length of the first telescopic assembly 61 according to changes in water level, so that the buoyancy cover in each buoyancy unit can float on the water surface, suitable for the corresponding water level. On the other hand, the flexible connector 62, to a certain extent, ensures that the floating ecological restoration platform can adapt to water flow conditions, improves flexibility, and reduces the damage to the restoration system caused by unstable water flow.

[0041] The method of using the ecological restoration device includes the following steps:

[0042] S1: Collect information on the species and location of fish in the water area to be restored, match the growth environment information suitable for the fish in the water area based on the obtained information, and set the corresponding parameters in the control system 3.

[0043] S2: The ecological restoration device is set in the water area to be restored, and the matrix structure is fixed to the bottom of the riverbed through the anchoring component 6 for restoration;

[0044] S3: During the repair process, the anchoring component 6 adjusts its length according to changes in water level, keeping the buoyancy unit 1 afloat and adapting to water level changes. The water flow velocity sensor 27 monitors the water flow velocity data in real time and feeds the data back to the control system 3. When the water flow velocity exceeds a preset value, the control system 3 controls the third telescopic component 24 to extend and rotates the toothed plate 25 via a motor to disturb the water flow and reduce its scouring force. At the same time, the control system 3 controls the second telescopic component 4 to extend, reducing the distance between each buoyancy unit so that the buoyancy unit can adapt to changes in water flow, reducing the relative scouring effect between the buoyancy unit and the water flow, and mitigating the impact caused by the water flow. When the water flow velocity decreases to a preset value, the rotation of the toothed plate 25 stops, and the third telescopic component 24 retracts to stop disturbing the water. Simultaneously, the second telescopic component 4 retracts, increasing the distance between each buoyancy unit, improving the ability to capture fish eggs, and increasing the area of ​​the spawning ground.

[0045] Temperature sensor 19 monitors the temperature inside buoyancy unit 1 in real time and feeds the temperature data back to control system 3. Camera 10 takes pictures of fish and their spawning and resting behavior on fish nest 13 and transmits them to control system 3. Control system 3 transmits the obtained temperature data and spawning and resting behavior photos to the user terminal with communication connection for analysis and recording. Photocatalyst 17 decomposes pollutants in the water under light. Artificial aquatic plants installed on the surface of buoyancy cover 11 provide a suitable habitat for fish.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration device for fish habitats, characterized in that: The system includes a floating ecological restoration platform and a protective layer (2) located on the outer periphery of the floating ecological restoration platform. The floating ecological restoration platform includes a matrix structure composed of buoyancy units (1) connected by elastic connectors (5). The matrix structure is connected to the protective layer (2) through a second telescopic component (4). The bottom of the matrix structure is anchored to the riverbed at the bottom of the water body through an anchoring component (6). A control system (3) is installed on the protective layer (2). The second telescopic component (4) is electrically connected to the control system (3). The protective layer (2) includes a circular inner plate (21) and an outer plate (22). The inner plate (21) is fitted inside the outer plate (22). The inner plate (21) is connected to the matrix structure through the second telescopic component (4). The top and bottom of the inner plate (21) and the outer plate (22) are connected by connecting plates. A third telescopic component (24) is provided on the inner plate (21). A toothed piece (25) is rotatably installed at the end of the third telescopic component (24) away from the inner plate (21). The outer plate (22) has a notch at the corresponding position of the toothed piece (25).

2. The ecological restoration device for fish habitats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy unit (1) includes a buoyancy upper cover (11) and a buoyancy lower cover (12). The buoyancy upper cover (11) and the buoyancy lower cover (12) are connected by a connecting rod (14). The bottom of the buoyancy lower cover (12) is anchored to the bottom of the riverbed by an anchoring assembly (6). A fish nest (13) is provided between the buoyancy upper cover (11) and the buoyancy lower cover (12). The fish nest (13) is connected to the buoyancy upper cover (11) and the buoyancy lower cover (12) by an elastic rope (18).

3. The ecological restoration device for fish habitats as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The fish nest (13) includes a multi-layer honeycomb structure arranged from top to bottom. Each layer of the honeycomb structure is provided with an adhesive matrix. The multi-layer honeycomb structures are fixedly connected between the buoyancy upper cover (11) and the buoyancy lower cover (12) by elastic ropes (18).

4. The ecological restoration device for fish habitats as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the buoyancy cover (11) is provided with one or two of the following: a photocatalyst (17) and aquatic plants. A water level sensor (16) is installed on the buoyancy cover (11).

5. The ecological restoration device for fish habitats as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A sinker (121) is provided on the buoyancy lower cover (12), and a temperature sensor (19) and a camera (10) are provided on the buoyancy lower cover (12).

6. The ecological restoration device for fish habitats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (23) is provided radially between the inner plate (21) and the outer plate (22) and on both sides of the third telescopic assembly (24). The two ends of the partition (23) are connected to the inner plate (21) and the outer plate (22) respectively. A water flow velocity sensor (27) is installed on the outer surface of the outer plate (22).

7. The ecological restoration device for fish habitats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A motor is installed at one end of the third telescopic component (24), a gear (25) is installed on the output shaft of the motor, and a solar panel (15) is installed on the outer plate (22).

8. The ecological restoration device for fish habitats as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The anchoring assembly (6) includes a first telescopic assembly (61) and a flexible connector (62). The first telescopic assembly (61) includes a fixed cylinder (611) and a movable rod (612). The bottom of the fixed cylinder (611) is fixed to the bottom of the riverbed. One end of the movable rod (612) extends into the fixed cylinder (611) and is slidably connected. The other end of the movable rod (612) is connected to the flexible connector (62). The top of the flexible connector (62) is connected to the buoyancy cover (12).

9. A method of using the ecological restoration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collect information on the species and location of fish in the waters to be restored, match the growth environment information suitable for the fish in the waters based on the information obtained, and set the corresponding parameters in the control system (3). S2: The ecological restoration device is set in the water area to be restored, and the matrix structure is fixed to the bottom of the riverbed by the anchoring component (6) for restoration; S3: During the repair process, the anchoring component (6) adjusts its length according to the water level change to keep the buoyancy unit (1) floating on the water surface and adapt to the water level change; real-time monitoring of water flow velocity data and feedback of water flow velocity data to the control system (3). When the water flow velocity exceeds the preset value, the control system (3) controls the second telescopic component (4) to extend to reduce the impact caused by the water flow; real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the buoyancy unit (1) and feedback of temperature data to the control system (3); taking pictures of fish and spawning habitat behavior and transmitting them to the control system (3). The control system (3) transmits the obtained temperature data and spawning habitat behavior photos to the user terminal of the communication connection for analysis.

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