A disassembling device for a dual-glass photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application relates to a disassembling device for a double-glass photovoltaic module, which comprises a cutting mechanism for cutting the adhesive film between the panel glass and the cell piece of the fixed double-glass photovoltaic module, a pulling and separating mechanism comprising a motor, a rotating shaft, a connecting rod one, a connecting rod two, a rocker, a positioning piece and a suction cup, the rocker is fixed on the suction cup and one end of the rocker extends out of the suction cup and is rotationally connected with the positioning piece, one end of the connecting rod two is rotationally connected with the rocker, the other end of the connecting rod two is rotationally connected with one end of the connecting rod one, the other end of the connecting rod one is fixed on the rotating shaft, the motor is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, the positioning piece is used for limiting the rocker, and a power adjusting system is used for adjusting the output power of the motor in real time according to the angles of the connecting rod one and the rocker relative to initial positions. The problems that the panel glass or the cell piece is damaged due to excessive mechanical stress when the traditional disassembling method is used to disassemble the double-glass photovoltaic module are solved, and the recovery rate during disassembling and the integrity of resources are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic module dismantling technology, and in particular to a dismantling device for a double-glass photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, as early-stage, large-scale installed crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) modules gradually enter their retirement period, double-glass PV modules, as a new generation of highly weather-resistant PV products, have been widely used in various outdoor power generation scenarios due to their excellent mechanical strength, fire resistance, and light transmission stability. These modules mainly consist of two layers of tempered glass (one as the panel glass and the other as the backsheet glass) and a layer of solar cells sandwiched between them. The solar cells are bonded to the two tempered glass layers on both sides using polymer encapsulation materials (such as EVA film). Compared to traditional backsheet PV modules, double-glass PV modules have a more robust structure, tighter interlayer bonding, and significantly enhanced adhesion between the encapsulation material and the glass. However, if double-glass PV modules are not properly recycled, they can easily create new pollution burdens on the environment. Therefore, how to efficiently and environmentally dismantle and recycle double-glass PV modules has become a key technical challenge for the industry.

[0003] In the dismantling process of double-glass photovoltaic modules, the panel glass is first peeled off to separate it from the solar cells, exposing the cells. The backsheet glass can then be separated using a specific solvent. The EVA film used in double-glass photovoltaic modules forms a highly adhesive layer after curing, making it difficult to effectively break the bond between the EVA film and the panel glass using traditional backsheet peeling or flexible sheet prying methods. Furthermore, because the panel glass of double-glass photovoltaic modules is tempered, it is both strong and brittle. Traditional peeling methods apply significant mechanical force between the panel glass and the solar cells, and it is difficult to control the peeling angle and speed. A mismatch between the peeling angle and speed leads to uneven force application, ultimately causing excessive mechanical stress on the panel glass or solar cells, resulting in damage and significantly reducing recycling rates and resource integrity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a disassembly device for double-glass photovoltaic modules to solve the problem that traditional disassembly methods can easily cause damage to the panel glass or solar cells due to excessive mechanical stress during the disassembly of double-glass photovoltaic modules.

[0005] This invention provides a disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module. The double-glass photovoltaic module sequentially includes a panel glass, solar cells, and a backsheet glass. The panel glass, solar cells, and backsheet glass are bonded and fixed together by an adhesive film. The disassembly device includes a cutting mechanism for cutting the adhesive film between the panel glass and the solar cells of the fixed double-glass photovoltaic module; and a pulling and separating mechanism including a motor, a rotating shaft, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a rocker arm, a positioning component, and a suction cup. The rocker arm is fixed to the suction cup, and one end extends out of the suction cup and is rotatably connected to the positioning component. One end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rocker arm, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the first connecting rod. The other end of the first connecting rod is fixed to the rotating shaft. The motor is used for... The drive shaft rotates; the positioning component limits the rocker arm; the suction cup is used to adhere and fix the panel glass; the power adjustment system adjusts the motor output power in real time according to the angles θ1 and θ2 of the connecting rod and the rocker arm relative to their initial positions: θ1<5°, θ2<2°, then the switching output power is 80%; θ1=25°±2°, θ2=15°±1°, then the switching output power is 65%; θ1=50±3°, θ2=45°±2°, then the switching output power is 50%; θ1=75±3°, θ2=70°±2°, then the switching output power is 40%; θ1>100°, θ2>85°, then the switching output power is 30%.

[0006] In some embodiments, θ1 is obtained by coaxially fixing an angle encoder on the shaft. The angle encoder is used to read the rotation angle of the shaft, which is equal to θ1.

[0007] In some of these embodiments, θ2 is obtained by combining the kinematic model of the linkage with θ1.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cutting mechanism includes a horizontal slide rail, a first slider, and a blade. The first slider is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide rail, and the blade is fixed relative to the first slider. The first slider slides along the horizontal slide rail to drive the blade to cut.

[0009] In some embodiments, the disassembly device further includes a vertical positioning component, which includes a vertical slide rail and a second slider. The vertical slide rail is vertically fixedly mounted on the first slider, the second slider is slidably mounted on the vertical slide rail, and the blade is fixedly mounted on the second slider.

[0010] In some embodiments, an industrial camera is mounted on the second slider to observe the alignment of the blade.

[0011] In some of these embodiments, both the horizontal and vertical slide rails are guide rail screws, and both the first and second sliders are ball nuts.

[0012] In some of these embodiments, the blade is internally provided with a heating element for heating.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cutting mechanism further includes a temperature sensor, a drive unit, and a cutting speed adjustment system. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the blade. The output shaft of the drive unit is coaxially fixed with the horizontal slide rail and is used to control the rotation of the guide rail screw. The cutting speed adjustment system is used to adjust the output power of the drive unit appropriately according to the temperature of the blade.

[0014] In some embodiments, the disassembly device further includes a body, which includes fasteners for securing the double-glass photovoltaic module.

[0015] Compared with related technologies, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This device secures the backsheet glass of a double-glass photovoltaic module to the machine body. A cutting mechanism laterally cuts the adhesive layer of the module, and simultaneously, a pulling separation mechanism pulls the panel glass upwards. The pulling separation mechanism consists of connecting rod one, connecting rod two, and a rocker arm, forming a linkage mechanism. Due to the special nature of this linkage mechanism, when connecting rod one rotates by a certain angle θ1 relative to its initial position, the rocker arm rotates by an angle θ2 much smaller than θ1, resulting in a slower and more precise change in the peeling angle, facilitating subsequent control and adjustment. Furthermore, the power regulation system can adjust the motor's output power in real time according to the rocker arm's rotation angle, ensuring that the peeling speed matches the change in the peeling angle, thus guaranteeing that the panel glass is pulled away promptly and evenly during the blade cutting process. This solves the problem of excessive mechanical stress and damage to the panel glass or solar cells during the disassembly of double-glass photovoltaic modules using traditional methods, significantly improving the recycling rate and resource integrity during disassembly.

[0017] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of this application more readily apparent. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the disassembly device for the double-glass photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing component in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the transverse cutting mechanism in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the blade and temperature sensor in this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the pull-separation mechanism in this embodiment.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Support leg; 3. Cutting mechanism; 31. Horizontal slide rail; 32. First slider; 33. Driving component; 34. Vertical slide rail; 35. Second slider; 4. Positioning component; 5. Pull-and-separate mechanism; 51. Motor; 52. Angle encoder; 53. Rotating shaft; 54. Link 1; 55. Link 2; 56. Rocker arm; 57. Suction cup; 61. Heating wire; 62. Blade; 63. Temperature sensor; 7. Double-glass photovoltaic module; 8. Fixing component; 81. Adsorber; 82. Preheating platform; 91. Vision platform; 92. Industrial camera. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application, the application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the general meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. Words such as “a,” “an,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “these,” used in this application, do not indicate quantitative limitation and may be singular or plural. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and any variations thereof used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or modules (units) but may include steps or modules (units) not listed, or may include other steps or modules (units) inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices. The terms “connected,” “linked,” and “coupled,” used in this application, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The term “multiple” used in this application refers to two or more. The "and / or" operator describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Typically, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., used in this application are merely for distinguishing similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects.

[0026] A double-glass photovoltaic module comprises a panel glass, solar cells (such as silicon wafers), and a backsheet glass. The panel glass, solar cells (such as silicon wafers), and backsheet glass are bonded together with EVA film, resulting in an EVA film layer on each opposite side of the silicon wafer. This embodiment provides a disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module, used to remove the panel glass or the backsheet glass from the module by cutting the EVA film, thereby exposing the silicon wafer and facilitating subsequent processing of the solar cells and silicon wafers. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The device includes a main body, a cutting mechanism 3, a pulling and separating mechanism 5, a power adjustment system, and a cutting speed adjustment system. The main body is used to fix the double-glass photovoltaic module 7, preheat the double-glass photovoltaic module 7, and soften the EVA film inside the double-glass photovoltaic module 7, facilitating the cutting mechanism 3 to cut the EVA film. In this embodiment, the disassembly device is used to disassemble the panel glass from the double-glass photovoltaic module by cutting the EVA film. Therefore, while the cutting mechanism 3 is cutting the EVA film, the pulling and separating mechanism 5 pulls the panel glass away from the double-glass photovoltaic module 7, assisting the cutting mechanism 3 in its operation. The power adjustment system is used to adjust the power of the pulling and separating mechanism 5 according to the separation angle (peeling angle) of the panel glass relative to the main body of the double-glass photovoltaic module 7 when the pulling and separating mechanism 5 peels off the panel glass, so that the peeling speed always matches the change in the peeling angle. The cutting speed adjustment system is used to adjust the cutting speed of the cutting mechanism 3 according to the temperature of the cutting point, so that the cutting speed matches the temperature of the cutting point.

[0027] The main body can be composed of a base 1, four support legs 2, positioning components 4, and fixing components 8. The four support legs 2 are used to support and fix the base 1. The positioning components 4 and fixing components 8 can be fixed to the base 1. The fixing components 8 are used to fix the double-glass photovoltaic module 7 and preheat the double-glass photovoltaic module 7. The positioning components 4 are used to install the pull-and-separate mechanism 5. In other embodiments, the four support legs 2 and the base 1 may not be provided. In this case, the positioning components 4 and fixing components 8 can be directly positioned on a plane.

[0028] Please combine Figure 2The fixing component 8 may include an adsorber 81 and a preheating platform 82. The adsorber 81 is fixed on the preheating platform 82, such as the back of the adsorber 81 being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the preheating platform 82. When fixing the double-glass photovoltaic module 7, its back glass needs to be placed on the adsorber 81 and then a vacuum is drawn to adsorb and fix the double-glass photovoltaic module 7. The preheating platform 82 may be equipped with heating tubes. The heating tubes are embedded and arranged in a mesh or serpentine structure, so that the heat is evenly conducted inside the preheating platform 82, avoiding the problems of local overheating or uneven heating. Preheating the double-glass photovoltaic module 7 not only effectively reduces the bonding strength of the EVA film and improves the peeling efficiency, but also avoids the photocontamination problem caused by infrared or visible light to the cells in traditional irradiation heating, thereby helping to improve the integrity and cleanliness of cell recycling.

[0029] The cutting mechanism 3 may include a horizontal slide rail 31, a first slider 32, a blade 62, a vertical positioning assembly, an industrial camera 92, a heating wire 61, a temperature sensor 63, a drive unit 33, and a cutting speed adjustment system. The cutting mechanism 3 is used to cut the EVA film in the double-glass photovoltaic module 7. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The horizontal slide rail 31 and the first slider 32 can each be provided in twos. The two first sliders 32 can be slidably installed on the two horizontal slide rails 31 respectively. The blade 62 is fixed relative to the first slider 32. The blade 62 can be kept parallel to the substrate 1 so that the blade edge of the blade 62 is aligned with the EVA film in the double-glass photovoltaic module. Then, the blade 62 is driven to cut the EVA film laterally by the first slider 32 sliding horizontally along the horizontal slide rail 31.

[0030] Since the surface of the battery cell is not completely flat, there may be some bumps or depressions. To prevent the blade 62 from damaging the battery cell during cutting, the position of the blade 62 can be adjusted using a vertical positioning assembly. The vertical positioning assembly may include a vertical slide rail 34 and a second slider 35. Two vertical slide rails 34 and two second sliders 35 may be provided. The two vertical slide rails 34 can be vertically fixedly mounted on the upper surfaces of the two first sliders 32, and the second sliders 35 can be slidably mounted on the vertical slide rails 34. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 4 The blade 62 is fixed on both sides of the two second sliders 35 that are close to each other. During the first cut, the blade 62 can be flush with the EVA film by sliding the second sliders 35 up and down along the vertical slide rail 34. If a protrusion or depression is encountered during the cut, the second sliders 35 can be adjusted to move up or down and move the blade 62 to change its cutting position, thereby achieving a better cutting effect.

[0031] To more precisely control the moving distance and speed of the first slider 32 and the second slider 35, both the horizontal slide rail 31 and the vertical slide rail 34 are guide rail screws, and both the first slider 32 and the second slider 35 are ball nuts. The guide rail screws and ball nuts work together to form a ball screw motion model. Corresponding drive components can be set to drive the guide rail screw to rotate. By converting the rotational motion of the guide rail screw into the linear motion of the ball nut, and the rotational speed of the guide rail screw determines the moving speed of the ball nut, the controllable precision is high.

[0032] To ensure the blade 62 maintains the optimal cutting depth for the EVA film and avoids protrusions or defects on the cell surface, an industrial camera 92 is mounted on the second slider 35. The industrial camera 92 is used to observe the alignment position of the blade 62. Specifically, a vision platform 91 can be fixedly installed between the two second sliders 35. The vision platform 91 is at the same height as the blade 62 and horizontally positioned behind it. The industrial camera 92 can be fixedly mounted on the vision platform 91. During cutting, the industrial camera 92 continuously captures images of the cutting position of the blade 62 in real time. These images are then observed, and the cutting depth of the blade 62 is adjusted based on the information in the images to maintain the optimal depth. This facilitates the subsequent disassembly of the double-glass photovoltaic module by the pulling and separating mechanism 5.

[0033] To facilitate the cutting of EVA film by the blade 62, a heatable heating wire 61 is disposed inside the blade 62 (the heating wire 61 is tightly fitted inside the blade body of the blade 62 and heated by an external power supply to form a stable linear hot zone). Heating the heating wire 61 raises the temperature of the blade 62 simultaneously, causing the EVA film to melt upon contact with the high-temperature blade 62, making it easier to cut. The heating wire 61 can be made of nickel-chromium alloy heating wire (NiCr), which has good high-temperature resistance and electrothermal conversion efficiency, capable of heating to over 300°C in a short time. It offers advantages such as fast heating response, compact structure, and high temperature control accuracy, enabling the blade body to be heated to the set temperature range in a short time and maintaining a constant temperature at the working end of the hot blade. This ensures continuous melting of the EVA film, achieving rapid softening and separation of the EVA film and other hot-melt layers. The blade 62 is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy material, possessing good thermal conductivity and structural strength to meet the thermal stability requirements under continuous working conditions.

[0034] Since the blade 62 is difficult to keep at a constant temperature when cutting EVA film, in order to match the cutting speed of the cutting mechanism 3 with the temperature of the blade 62, in this embodiment, a temperature sensor 63 can be installed next to the blade 62 to detect its temperature. The output shaft of the drive unit 33 is coaxially fixed with the horizontal slide rail 31 and used to control the rotation of the guide rail screw. The cutting speed adjustment system can be loaded into the drive unit 33 and used to adjust the output power of the drive unit 33 according to the temperature of the blade 62 (the higher the power, the faster the guide rail screw rotates, the faster the ball nut moves, and the faster the cutting speed of the blade 62). During the cutting process, when the temperature sensor 63 detects that the temperature of the blade 62 is lower than the preset lower limit, the cutting speed adjustment system will automatically reduce the output power of the drive unit 33 to reduce the cutting speed of the blade 62 and increase the heating power of the heating resistance wire 61 to enhance heat conduction; when the temperature of the blade 62 exceeds the upper limit, the output power of the drive unit 33 will be automatically increased to increase the cutting speed of the blade 62 and the heating power of the heating resistance wire 61 will be reduced or heating will be paused to avoid carbonization of the EVA layer or material damage. This ensures that the entire cutting process remains within the optimal cutting temperature range, achieving high-quality separation of the EVA layer.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, a method for adjusting the cutting speed of blade 62 under different temperature ranges is provided, as shown in Table 1:

[0036] Table 1. Relationship between blade temperature and blade cutting speed.

[0037] ＜117 Significantly reduced speed 50％ To prevent incomplete cutting or breakage due to excessive cooling 117～120 Slight reduction in speed 80％ Entering the heating preparation area 120-130 (optimal) Normal speed 100％ To ensure optimal cutting quality and efficiency 130～135 Slight acceleration 120％ Prevent localized overheating, adhesion, or melting of edges. ＞135 Significant acceleration 150％ Avoid thermal damage and quickly pass through the hot zone.

[0038] As shown in the table above, the optimal temperature range for blade 62 when cutting EVA film is set to 120℃~130℃.

[0039] If the temperature of the blade 62 is below the optimal temperature range (e.g., <125°C), the cutting speed should be reduced appropriately to increase the local heating time. At the same time, the heating power can be increased to heat up faster.

[0040] If the temperature of the hot knife 62 is higher than the optimal temperature range (e.g., >135℃), the cutting speed is accelerated first, the heating time of the EVA per unit length is shortened, and the local temperature rise is slowed down, so the heat is quickly "taken away". If the temperature is still high, the heating power can be reduced or the heating of the electric heating wire 61 can be temporarily stopped.

[0041] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 5The pulling and separating mechanism 5 includes a motor 51, a rotating shaft 53, a first connecting rod 54, a second connecting rod 55, a rocker arm 56, a suction cup 57, and a positioning component 4. The motor 51 is vertically fixed to the base 1 of the machine body via support legs. The suction cup 57 is aligned with the top of the double-glass photovoltaic module and is used to adsorb and fix the panel glass of the double-glass photovoltaic module 7. It is worth mentioning that when vacuuming the suction cup 57, its vacuum level needs to be such that the adsorption force on the panel glass is greater than the adhesion force of the EVA film to the panel glass. Otherwise, the suction cup 57 may detach from the panel glass before the EVA film is pulled off. Two connecting rods 54, 55, and 56 are symmetrically arranged. The rocker is fixed on the suction cup, and one end extends out of the suction cup and is rotatably connected to the positioning component 4. There are five positioning components 4, two of which are used to rotatably install the two ends of the rotating shaft 53, two others are used to rotatably install one end of each of the two rockers 56, and the last one is used to fix the motor 51. One end of the connecting rod 55 is rotatably connected to one end of the rocker 56, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 54. The other end of the connecting rod 54 is fixed on the rotating shaft 53. The motor 51 is fixedly installed on the base 1. The output shaft of the motor 51 is coaxially fixed with the rotating shaft 53. The rotation of the output shaft of the motor 51 can drive the rotating shaft 53 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 53 can drive the connecting rod 54 to rotate around the rotating shaft 53. The connecting rod 54 drives the rocker 56 to rotate through the connecting rod 55, and the rocker 56 disperses the traction force of the connecting rod 51, driving the suction cup 57 to evenly pull the panel glass to separate it from the battery cell (peeling process). In this embodiment, a linkage mechanism is formed by link 54, link 55, and rocker arm 56. Due to the special nature of the linkage mechanism, when link 54 rotates by a certain angle θ1 relative to its initial position (link 54 is initially horizontal), the angle θ2 of the rocker arm 56's rotation relative to its initial position (rocker arm 56 is initially horizontal) will be much smaller than θ1. The peeling angle will change more slowly and with higher precision, making it easier for the power adjustment system to adjust the peeling speed according to the peeling angle. Specifically, the power adjustment system adjusts as follows: if θ1 < 5°, θ2 < 2°, then switch... The output power is 80%; θ1=25°±2°, θ2=15°±1°, then the switching output power is 65%; θ1=50±3°, θ2=45°±2°, then the switching output power is 50%; θ1=75±3°, θ2=70°±2°, then the switching output power is 40%; θ1>100°, θ2>85°, then the switching output power is 30%. As the peeling angle gradually increases, the peeling speed gradually decreases, and the peeling speed is always matched to the change of peeling angle, thereby ensuring that the panel glass is pulled away in a timely and uniform manner during the cutting process of blade 62.Furthermore, if the rocker arm 56 is directly driven to rotate by the motor 51, the rotation angle of the rocker arm 56 is directly equal to the angle at which the panel glass separates from the battery cell. The required torque is usually large, and it is necessary to directly overcome the load inertia and the weight of the panel on the suction cup 57. The start-stop impact is large. However, by setting up a linkage mechanism, the force of the linkage can be transmitted through the lever effect, reducing the torque required for the motor 51 to drive the rocker arm 56. In addition, two-thirds of the rocker arm 56 is fixed to the suction cup 57. When pulling away the panel glass, it will distribute the traction force evenly on the panel glass, making the force on the panel glass more uniform and increasing the stability of the process of separating the panel glass and the battery cell.

[0042] An angle encoder 52 can be fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 53 and detect the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 53 and send it to the power regulation system. The power regulation system can be loaded into the motor 51. The power regulation system can measure the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 53, which is equal to θ1. Then, based on the kinematic model of the linkage mechanism, the rotation angle θ2 of the rocker arm 56 is obtained. Finally, the output power of the motor 51 is adjusted according to the rotation angle of the rocker arm 56.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, a motor output power control strategy corresponding to θ1 and θ2 under different conditions is provided, as shown in Table 2:

[0044] Table 2 shows the relationship between θ1 and θ2 and the motor's output power.

[0045]

[0046] As shown in Table 2, the change in the angle of the joystick 56 reflects the degree of peeling of the panel glass by the suction cup 57. The larger the rotation angle, the more thorough the peeling. The power control system can change the output power of the motor according to the current rotation angle θ2 of the joystick 56. Based on this, the power control system controls the motor 51 to output the corresponding speed to the rotating shaft 53, so that the peeling angle and speed are precisely matched, thereby ensuring that the panel glass is pulled away in a timely and even manner during the cutting process of the blade 62, preventing the panel glass from being suddenly torn open due to excessive force or excessive peeling speed, which could cause damage to the panel glass or battery cells.

[0047] In summary, this device fixes the lower surface (back glass) of the double-glass photovoltaic module 7 to the body, performs a transverse cut on the adhesive layer of the double-glass photovoltaic module 7 using the cutting mechanism 3, and simultaneously pulls the upper surface (panel glass) of the double-glass photovoltaic module 7 upwards using the pulling and separating mechanism 5. The pulling and separating mechanism 5 consists of connecting rod 54, connecting rod 55, and rocker arm 56, forming a linkage mechanism. Due to the special nature of the linkage mechanism, when connecting rod 54 rotates by a certain angle θ1 relative to its initial position, the angle θ2 of the rocker arm 56's rotation relative to its initial position will be much smaller than θ1, resulting in a slower change in the peeling angle, higher precision, and easier subsequent control and adjustment. Furthermore, the power adjustment system can adjust the output power (peeling speed) of the motor 51 in real time according to the rotation angle (peeling angle) of the rocker arm 56, ensuring that the peeling speed always matches the change in the peeling angle, thereby ensuring that the panel glass is pulled away promptly and evenly during the cutting process of the blade 62. This solves the problem that traditional dismantling methods can easily cause damage to the panel glass or cells due to excessive mechanical stress when dismantling double-glass photovoltaic modules, greatly improving the recycling rate and resource integrity during dismantling.

[0048] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and not intended to limit it. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Obviously, the accompanying drawings are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar situations based on these drawings without any creative effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the work done in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art, certain design, manufacturing, or production modifications made based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be considered as insufficient disclosure of this application.

Claims

1. A disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module, wherein the double-glass photovoltaic module sequentially comprises a panel glass, solar cells, and a backsheet glass, the panel glass, solar cells, and backsheet glass being bonded and fixed together by an adhesive film, characterized in that, The disassembly device includes: The cutting mechanism is used to cut the adhesive film between the panel glass and the cells of the fixed double-glass photovoltaic module. The pulling and separating mechanism includes a motor, a rotating shaft, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a rocker arm, a positioning component, and a suction cup. The rocker arm is fixed to the suction cup, with one end extending out of the suction cup and rotatably connected to the positioning component. One end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rocker arm, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the first connecting rod. The other end of the first connecting rod is fixed to the rotating shaft. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The positioning component limits the rocker arm. The suction cup is used to adhere and fix the glass panel. The power regulation system is used to adjust the motor's output power in real time based on the angles θ1 and θ2 of the connecting rod and rocker arm relative to their initial positions, respectively. If θ1 < 5° and θ2 < 2°, then the switching output power is 80%. θ1 = 25° ± 2°, θ2 = 15° ± 1°, then the switching output power is 65%; If θ1 = 50 ± 3° and θ2 = 45° ± 2°, then the switching output power is 50%. θ1 = 75 ± 3°, θ2 = 70° ± 2°, then the switching output power is 40%; If θ1 > 100° and θ2 > 85°, then the switching output power is 30%.

2. The disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method to obtain θ1 is to fix an angle encoder (52) coaxially on the rotating shaft (53). The angle encoder is used to read the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (53), which is equal to θ1.

3. The disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method to obtain θ2 is to use the kinematic model of the linkage mechanism and combine it with θ1 to obtain θ2.

4. The dismantling device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism (3) includes a horizontal slide rail (31), a first slider (32) and a blade (62). The first slider (32) is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide rail (31). The first slider (32) slides along the horizontal slide rail (31) to drive the blade (62) to cut.

5. The disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The disassembly device also includes a vertical positioning component, which includes a vertical slide rail (34) and a second slider (35). The vertical slide rail (34) is vertically fixed on the first slider (32), and the second slider (35) is slidably mounted on the vertical slide rail (34). The blade (62) is fixedly mounted on the second slider (35).

6. The disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second slider (35) is equipped with an industrial camera (92), which is used to observe the position of the blade (62) being aligned.

7. The disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the horizontal slide rail (31) and the vertical slide rail (34) are guide rail screws, and both the first slider (32) and the second slider (35) are ball nuts.

8. The disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blade (62) has an internal heating element (61) for heating.

9. The disassembly device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism also includes a temperature sensor (63), a drive unit (33), and a cutting speed adjustment system. The temperature sensor (63) is used to detect the temperature of the blade (62). The output shaft of the drive unit (33) is coaxially fixed with the horizontal slide rail (31) and is used to control the rotation of the guide rail screw. The cutting speed adjustment system is used to adjust the output power of the drive unit (33) according to the temperature of the blade (62).

10. The dismantling device for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disassembly device also includes a body, which includes fasteners (8) for securing the double-glass photovoltaic modules.

Images