Device, method and system for grouting

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of grouting methods or apparatuses for sealing wellbores, fractures, or similar conditions, specifically to an apparatus, grouting method, and grouting system suitable for borehole grouting. This application provides an apparatus suitable for borehole grouting, capable of injecting water into a non-grouting borehole during the borehole grouting process, comprising: multiple pipe fittings and an air-inflating component. The multiple pipe fittings are connected to each other and arranged to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole to its opening after connection, allowing water to be injected into the non-grouting borehole through the multiple pipe fittings. The air-inflating component is located at the pipe fitting at the opening, and is configured to seal the gap between the pipe fitting and the non-grouting borehole after inflation, preventing water entering the borehole through the multiple pipe fittings from flowing out of the gap to the outside of the borehole. The apparatus provided by this application can prevent the formation of voids in the grouting borehole, ensuring dense grouting, and prevent the non-grouting borehole from being blocked by grout, thus avoiding borehole abandonment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to the technical field of grouting methods or apparatus for sealing wellbores, fractures or similar situations, and specifically to an apparatus, grouting method and grouting system suitable for borehole grouting. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein are provided merely as background information in connection with this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] To ensure the safety of underground engineering projects, rationally design support parameters, and conduct geological early warning, it is usually necessary to pre-drill holes in the tunnel wall and embed sensors to monitor parameters such as stress, displacement, and energy release of the surrounding rock. When embedding sensors, cement slurry is usually used as the coupling medium between the sensor and the rock mass and as the sound wave transmission medium. By injecting cement slurry into the borehole, the sensor can be tightly coupled with the rock mass, thereby meeting the monitoring conditions of the surrounding rock and realizing real-time monitoring and early warning of the response of the surrounding rock during the construction of underground engineering projects. This effectively avoids engineering accidents and ensures the safety and quality of underground engineering construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A brief overview of this application is provided below to offer a basic understanding of certain aspects thereof. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the application. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the application, nor is it intended to limit its scope. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus suitable for borehole grouting, which is capable of injecting water into a non-grouting borehole during the borehole grouting process. The apparatus includes: multiple pipe fittings and an air-inflating component. The multiple pipe fittings are interconnected and configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole to its opening after connection, and are configured to inject water into the non-grouting borehole through the multiple pipe fittings. The air-inflating component is disposed on the pipe fitting located at the opening, and is configured to seal the gap between the pipe fitting and the non-grouting borehole after inflation, so that water entering the borehole through the multiple pipe fittings will not flow out to the outside of the borehole through the gap.

[0006] The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application, by configuring multiple pipes to be connected to each other, extends from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole to the opening of the non-grouting borehole after connection, and is configured to inject water into the non-grouting borehole through the multiple pipes, so as to guide water from the outside into the bottom of the non-grouting borehole, and facilitate water penetration into the through-cracks located at the bottom of the non-grouting borehole, so that water fills the non-grouting borehole and the through-cracks; and by providing an air-filling component to seal the gap between the pipes and the non-grouting borehole, the water entering the borehole through the multiple pipes will not flow out to the outside of the borehole through the gaps. In order to prevent the grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole from the grouting borehole through the through-cracks during the grouting process, the water in the non-grouting borehole and the through-cracks will prevent the grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole from the grouting borehole through the through-cracks, thereby avoiding the formation of voids in the grouting borehole, ensuring grout compaction, and preventing the non-grouting borehole from being blocked by grout, causing the borehole to be abandoned.

[0007] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a grouting method suitable for grouting multiple boreholes. This method employs an apparatus suitable for borehole grouting according to any embodiment of the first aspect of this application, and includes the following steps: S10: Determining one of the multiple boreholes as a grouting borehole and determining the other boreholes as non-grouting boreholes; identifying and marking the non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting borehole; S20: Determining that during borehole grouting, grout can flow from the grouting borehole to the non-grouting borehole; identifying the non-grouting boreholes into which the grout flows; and identifying a through-crack between the non-grouting borehole and the grouting borehole; S30: Setting the apparatus at the location determined in step S20. For non-grouting boreholes, water is filled into grouting boreholes, non-grouting boreholes, and through-cracks using a device; S40: Inflate the air inflator to seal the gap between the pipe and the non-grouting borehole; S50: Inject water into the non-grouting borehole at a predetermined water injection pressure to achieve pressure balance between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes during grouting; S60: Inject grout into the grouting borehole at a predetermined grouting pressure; S70: After grouting is completed, wait a predetermined time before deflating the air inflator to allow water to flow out of the non-grouting borehole and clean the non-grouting borehole; S80: Repeat steps S10-S70 until all boreholes are grouted.

[0008] The grouting method provided in the embodiments of this application first identifies and marks the non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting borehole to be grouted. Then, it identifies the non-grouting boreholes from which grout will flow into the grouting borehole when grout is injected. The device is then placed in the identified non-grouting boreholes, and water is injected into the non-grouting boreholes through the device. The water flows into the grouting borehole through the through-crack between the non-grouting borehole and the grouting borehole, so that the non-grouting borehole, the grouting borehole, and the through-crack are all filled with water. Afterward, an air-filled component is used to seal the gap between the pipe and the non-grouting borehole to maintain water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole. Then, water is injected into the non-grouting boreholes according to the predetermined water injection pressure. This ensures that the pressure between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes is balanced during grouting, preventing the grouting pressure in the grouting boreholes from pushing the water out of the non-grouting boreholes. After that, grout is injected into the grouting boreholes. By utilizing the pressure balance between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes, the grout injected into the grouting boreholes will not flow into the non-grouting boreholes through the through-cracks between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes. This ensures that the grouting in the grouting boreholes is dense and effectively avoids the formation of voids. At the same time, it prevents the non-grouting boreholes from being blocked by grout, thus avoiding the abandonment of the borehole.

[0009] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a grouting system suitable for grouting multiple boreholes, including grouting boreholes and non-grouting boreholes, with a through-crack existing between the grouting boreholes and the non-grouting boreholes. The system includes a grouting unit and a water injection unit. The grouting unit is configured to inject grout into the grouting boreholes; the water injection unit includes the device from the first aspect of this application suitable for borehole grouting, configured to inject water into the non-grouting boreholes, and capable of maintaining water at a predetermined pressure in both the non-grouting boreholes and the through-crack, so as to prevent the injected grout from flowing into the non-grouting boreholes through the through-crack when the grouting unit injects grout into the grouting boreholes.

[0010] The grouting system provided in the embodiments of this application, by configuring the water injection unit to inject water into the non-grouting borehole, maintains water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole and the through-cracks. This prevents the injected grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole through the through-cracks when the grouting unit injects grout into the grouting borehole, thus keeping the grout injected into the grouting borehole within the grouting borehole. This ensures that the grouting in the grouting borehole is dense, effectively avoiding the generation of voids. At the same time, it prevents the non-grouting borehole from being blocked by grout flowing into it, causing the borehole to be abandoned. Furthermore, configuring the water injection unit to inject water into the non-grouting borehole also allows for the cleaning of any grout that may have inadvertently flowed into the non-grouting borehole through the through-cracks after the grouting unit has completed grouting into the grouting borehole, thereby further preventing the non-grouting borehole from being blocked by grout. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Other objects and advantages of this application will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings, and will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of this application.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for borehole grouting according to an embodiment of this application disposed in a non-grouting borehole;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device for borehole grouting according to an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0016] 1. Non-grouting drill holes; 2. Grouting drill holes;

[0017] 10. Pipe fitting; 11. Pipe body; 12. First end; 13. Second end; 20. Inflatable component.

[0018] 100. Grouting unit; 110. Grouting assembly; 111. Grouting component; 1111. First extension; 1112. First conveying section; 112. Second control valve; 113. Second pressure measuring component; 120. Discharge assembly; 121. Discharge component; 1211. Second extension; 1212. Second conveying section; 122. Third control valve; 130. Grout storage component; 140. Grouting pump;

[0019] 200. Water injection unit; 210. Water injection assembly; 211. Applicable device for borehole grouting; 212. Pipeline; 213. First pressure measuring element; 214. First control valve; 220. Water storage element; 230. Water injection pump.

[0020] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are shown only in a schematic manner without affecting the reader's understanding. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity and brevity, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the development of any such actual embodiment to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as complying with constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. Furthermore, it should be understood that while development work can be very complex and time-consuming, such development work is merely a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0022] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring this application with unnecessary details, only the equipment structure and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to this application are omitted.

[0023] The inventors of this application have discovered that if the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole are connected, for example, if there are through-cracks through which grout can pass, when grout is injected into the grouting borehole, under the action of grouting pressure, the grout will flow along the through-cracks into the non-grouting borehole, forming a void in the grouting borehole and causing problems such as incomplete grouting. As a result, the coupling between the sensor to be buried in the borehole and the rock mass is poor, causing the sensor to be unable to accurately monitor parameters such as stress, displacement and energy release of the surrounding rock. Furthermore, the non-grouting borehole into which grout flows is easily blocked by the grout, causing the borehole to be abandoned.

[0024] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a device suitable for borehole grouting, which can inject water into non-grouting boreholes during the borehole grouting process, such as... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an embodiment of the apparatus for borehole grouting, disposed in a non-grouting borehole. The apparatus includes: a plurality of pipes 10 and an air inflator 20. The plurality of pipes 10 are interconnected and arranged to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 to its opening after connection, and are configured to allow water to be injected into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the plurality of pipes 10. The air inflator 20 is disposed at the pipes 10 located at the opening, and is configured to seal the gap between the pipes 10 and the non-grouting borehole 1 after inflation, so that water entering the borehole through the plurality of pipes 10 will not flow out of the borehole through the gap.

[0025] The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application, by configuring multiple pipe fittings 10 to be connected to each other, extends from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 to the opening of the non-grouting borehole 1 after connection, and is configured to inject water into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the multiple pipe fittings 10, so as to guide water from the outside into the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1, and facilitate water penetration into the through-cracks located at the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1, so that water fills the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-cracks; and by providing an air-filling member 20 to seal the gap between the pipe fittings 10 and the non-grouting borehole 1, the water entering the borehole through the multiple pipe fittings 10 will not flow out to the outside of the borehole through the gaps. In order to prevent the grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1 from the grouting borehole through the through-cracks during the grouting process, the water in the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-cracks prevents the grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1 from the grouting borehole through the through-cracks, thereby avoiding the formation of voids in the grouting borehole, ensuring grout compaction, and preventing the non-grouting borehole from being blocked by grout, causing the borehole to be abandoned.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the structure of an apparatus for borehole grouting according to an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, the pipe 10 has a pipe body 11, a first end 12, and a second end 13. The pipe body 11 is disposed between the first end 12 and the second end 13, and the pipe body 11, the first end 12, and the second end 13 are integrally formed. The first end 12 of one pipe 10 is detachably connected to the second end 13 of another pipe 10. The second end 13 of the pipe 10 disposed at the borehole opening is located outside the borehole opening. This allows multiple pipes 10 to be connected to each other, forming a structure that extends from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 to the borehole opening of the non-grouting borehole 1. This facilitates the external guidance of water into the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 and allows water to penetrate deeply into the through-hole fissures located at the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1, filling the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-hole fissures with water.

[0027] In some embodiments, the radial length of the pipe body 11 is set to be 7-13 mm less than the radial length of the non-grouting borehole 1, preferably 10 mm. In this embodiment, the radial length of the pipe body 11 is set to be 7-13 mm less than the radial length of the non-grouting borehole 1, so as to ensure the grout blocking effect while facilitating the movement of the pipe body 11 in the borehole, and to prevent the pipe fitting 10 from being difficult to pull out of the borehole after grout flows between the pipe fitting 10 and the borehole.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first end 12 is configured with an external thread and the second end 13 is configured with an internal thread, wherein the radial length of the second end 13 is greater than the radial length of the tube body 11.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first end 12 of the pipe fitting 10 is configured with an external thread and the second end 13 is configured with an internal thread, so that the first end 12 of one pipe fitting 10 can be detachably connected to the second end 13 of another pipe fitting 10. By setting the radial length of the second end 13 to be greater than the radial length of the pipe body 11, the second end 13 is closer to the hole wall of the non-grouting borehole 1 than the pipe body 11. Thus, during the grouting process of grouting the grouting borehole, if grout still flows into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the through-crack, the inflowing grout can be restricted between every two second ends 13, preventing the grout from flowing deeper into the non-grouting borehole 1. Furthermore, when the device is removed from the non-grouting borehole 1, the grout solidified on the inner wall of the borehole can be scraped off using the second end 13 and carried out with the grout.

[0030] In some embodiments, the radial length of the second end 13 is 3-7 mm greater than the radial length of the pipe body 11, preferably 5 mm. In this embodiment, the radial length of the second end 13 is 3-7 mm greater than the radial length of the pipe body 11 to ensure the blocking effect on the slurry and the ability to scrape the slurry solidified on the inner wall of the borehole, and to avoid excessive slurry outflow.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the air inflator 20 is positioned at the second end 13 of the pipe 10 near the orifice, so that the air inflator 20 can seal the gap between the orifice of the non-grouting borehole 1 and the pipe 10, thereby ensuring that the non-grouting borehole 1 and all through-cracks are filled with water, thereby improving the blocking effect on grout flowing from the grouting borehole through the through-cracks into the non-grouting borehole 1.

[0032] In some embodiments, the inflatable component 20 can be an O-shaped airbag, which is sleeved on the pipe 10 to adapt to the shape of the non-grouting borehole 1 wall and fit tightly against the non-grouting borehole 1 wall, thereby sealing the gap between the non-grouting borehole 1 and the pipe 10 tightly.

[0033] In some embodiments, the apparatus for borehole grouting also includes a rubber pad disposed at the connection of the plurality of pipe fittings 10 to improve the sealing of the connection between the plurality of pipe fittings 10 and prevent water from leaking from the connection, which would prevent water from being guided through the plurality of pipe fittings 10 to the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 and affect the water penetration into the through-crack located at the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1.

[0034] Specifically, a rubber gasket is disposed on the inner side of the second end 13 of the pipe fitting 10 so as to cooperate with the first end 12 of the other pipe fitting 10 to achieve a sealed connection.

[0035] Embodiments of this application also provide a grouting method suitable for grouting multiple boreholes, which employs the apparatus suitable for borehole grouting according to any embodiment of the first aspect of this application, and includes the following steps S10 to S80:

[0036] S10: Identify one of the multiple boreholes as a grouting borehole and identify the other boreholes as non-grouting boreholes, identify and mark the non-grouting boreholes that are connected to the grouting borehole.

[0037] S20: Determine that during grouting of boreholes, grout can flow from grouting boreholes to non-grouting boreholes, determine the non-grouting boreholes into which grout flows, and identify the through-cracks between the non-grouting boreholes and grouting boreholes.

[0038] S30: The device is placed in the non-grouting borehole determined in step S20, and water is filled into the grouting borehole, the non-grouting borehole, and the through-crack through the device.

[0039] S40: Inflate the inflator 20 to seal the gap between the pipe 10 and the non-grouting borehole.

[0040] S50: Inject water into the non-grouting borehole according to the predetermined water injection pressure, so that when grouting is injected into the grouting borehole, pressure balance can be achieved between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole.

[0041] S60: Grout into the grouting borehole according to the predetermined grouting pressure.

[0042] S70: After grouting is completed, wait for a predetermined time and then deflate the air inflator 20 to allow the water in the non-grouting borehole to flow out and clean the non-grouting borehole.

[0043] S80: Repeat steps S10-S70 until all boreholes are grouted.

[0044] The grouting method provided in the embodiments of this application first identifies and marks the non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting borehole to be grouted. Then, it identifies the non-grouting boreholes from which grout will flow into the grouting borehole during grouting. Next, it places the device in the identified non-grouting borehole and injects water into it. The water flows into the grouting borehole through the through-hole between the non-grouting borehole and the grouting borehole, filling the non-grouting borehole, the grouting borehole, and the through-hole with water. Then, it uses an air-filling component 20 to seal the gap between the pipe 10 and the non-grouting borehole, maintaining a predetermined pressure of water in the non-grouting borehole. Then, water is injected into the non-grouting boreholes according to the predetermined water injection pressure. This ensures that the pressure between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes is balanced during grouting, preventing the grouting pressure in the grouting boreholes from pushing the water out of the non-grouting boreholes. After that, grout is injected into the grouting boreholes. By utilizing the pressure balance between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes, the grout injected into the grouting boreholes will not flow into the non-grouting boreholes through the through-cracks between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes. This ensures that the grouting in the grouting boreholes is dense, effectively avoiding the formation of voids. At the same time, it prevents the non-grouting boreholes from being blocked by grout, thus avoiding the abandonment of the borehole.

[0045] In some embodiments, step S10, "identifying and marking non-grouting boreholes connected to grouting boreholes," further includes the following steps:

[0046] S11: Inject water into the grouting borehole and maintain the predetermined pressure.

[0047] S12: Identify the borehole with the greatest variation in water flow rate in the non-grouting borehole, mark it, and seal it.

[0048] S13: Repeat steps S11-S12 to identify and mark the non-grouting boreholes that are connected to the grouting boreholes.

[0049] In this embodiment, water is injected into the grouting borehole and maintained at a predetermined pressure. The boreholes with the largest changes in water flow rate in the non-grouting boreholes are marked and sealed. Then, water is injected into the grouting borehole again, and the boreholes with the largest changes in water flow rate in the non-grouting boreholes are marked and sealed again. In this way, all non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting borehole are identified. By sealing the boreholes with the largest changes in flow rate in sequence, most of the water flows out from the borehole with the largest changes in flow rate during water injection, which would result in insignificant changes in flow rate in other boreholes. This also avoids missing non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting borehole.

[0050] Specifically, during the process of identifying and marking non-grouting boreholes connected to grouting boreholes, water is injected into the grouting boreholes while maintaining a predetermined pressure. The borehole with the largest change in water flow rate in the non-grouting boreholes is identified and marked. Water injection into the grouting boreholes is stopped, and the marked non-grouting boreholes are sealed using airbags. Water injection into the grouting boreholes is continued while maintaining the predetermined pressure. The borehole with the largest change in water flow rate in the non-grouting boreholes is identified and marked. Water injection into the grouting boreholes is stopped, and the marked non-grouting boreholes are sealed using airbags. The above steps are repeated until the water flow rate in all boreholes no longer changes. This process is used to identify and mark all non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting boreholes.

[0051] In some embodiments, step S20 further includes the following steps:

[0052] S21: Determine the aperture of the through fracture in the marked non-grouting borehole.

[0053] S22: Based on the opening of the through fracture, determine whether the grout can flow from the grouting borehole to the non-grouting borehole during grouting, and identify the non-grouting borehole from which the grout flows.

[0054] In this embodiment, the opening of the through-fracture of the marked non-grouting borehole connected to the grouting borehole is determined so that the non-grouting borehole into which grout will flow during grouting can be identified based on the opening of the through-fracture.

[0055] In some embodiments, step S22 further includes the following steps:

[0056] S221: Determine the maximum diffusion radius of the grout based on the opening of the penetrating fracture.

[0057] S222: Determine the nearest non-grouting borehole to the grouting borehole and determine the distance between them.

[0058] S223: Based on the maximum diffusion radius determined in S221 and the distance determined in step S222, determine whether the grout can flow from the grouting borehole to the non-grouting borehole during grouting, and identify the non-grouting borehole into which the grout flows.

[0059] Since the most important factor affecting the maximum diffusion radius of the grout is the opening of the penetrating fracture, in this embodiment, the maximum diffusion radius of the grout is determined based on the opening of the penetrating fracture in the non-grouting borehole, and the distance between the non-grouting borehole closest to the grouting borehole and the grouting borehole is determined. Then, by using the maximum diffusion radius of the grout and the distance value, the non-grouting boreholes into which grout will flow during grouting are screened out, which effectively reduces the difficulty of judgment and improves the accuracy of screening.

[0060] In some embodiments, step S223 further includes the following steps: determining that the maximum diffusion radius is greater than the distance based on the maximum diffusion radius determined in step S221 and the distance determined in step S222; determining that during grouting of the borehole, the grout can flow from the grouting borehole to the non-grouting borehole; determining the distance between all non-grouting boreholes marked in step S10 and the grouting borehole; and determining non-grouting boreholes with a distance less than the maximum diffusion radius as non-grouting boreholes into which the grout flows.

[0061] In some embodiments, in step S221, the aperture of the penetrating crack and the maximum diffusion radius of the grout conform to the following relationship:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, R max For the maximum diffusion radius, b max P0 represents the maximum aperture of the penetrating fracture, and P represents the predetermined grouting pressure. a ρ is the hydrostatic pressure, τ is the yield shear stress of the grout, η is the crack roughness coefficient, α is the water separation rate of the grout, k0 is the safety factor considering the change in crack aperture, which is generally taken as 1.2, ρ c ρ is the density of the slurry, g is the gravitational acceleration, h0 is the orifice elevation, h2 is the elevation of the fracture center, and β is the fracture dip angle.

[0064] In this embodiment, the relationship between the opening of the through-crack and the maximum diffusion radius of the grout is used to accurately determine the maximum diffusion radius of the grout. This further ensures the accuracy of the non-grouting boreholes selected in step S223 based on the maximum diffusion radius determined in S221 and the distance between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole, which are selected during the grouting process. This avoids omitting non-grouting boreholes that need to be prevented from flowing in with grout. As a result, it further ensures that the grout will not flow into the non-grouting boreholes when grouting is injected into the grouting borehole, making the grouting in the grouting borehole dense and preventing the non-grouting boreholes from being blocked by grout.

[0065] In some embodiments, step S30 further includes the following steps:

[0066] S31: Determine the non-grouting borehole that is closest to the center of the grouting borehole.

[0067] S32: Inject water into the non-grouting boreholes determined in step S31 to ensure that the grouting boreholes, all non-grouting boreholes, and through-cracks are filled with water.

[0068] In this embodiment, by determining the non-grouting borehole that is closest to the center of the grouting borehole, the non-grouting borehole with the best connectivity to the grouting borehole is determined. That is, this non-grouting borehole is most likely to receive grout and has the highest potential for grout to flow in. Therefore, water is first injected into this borehole so that the injected water can flow into the grouting borehole and other non-grouting boreholes through the through-crack.

[0069] In some embodiments, in step S50, a predetermined water injection pressure for injecting water into non-grouting boreholes is determined based on the predetermined grouting pressure for grouting the boreholes. By establishing a relationship between the predetermined grouting pressure and the predetermined water injection pressure, it is convenient to control the water injection pressure into non-grouting boreholes according to the changes in the predetermined grouting pressure for grouting the boreholes. This facilitates achieving pressure balance between grouting and non-grouting boreholes and prevents water from being pushed out of non-grouting boreholes under the pressure of grouting the boreholes.

[0070] In some embodiments, when the grouting borehole is a downwardly inclined borehole, the predetermined grouting pressure P0 is maintained at 0.3 MPa; when the grouting borehole is an upwardly inclined borehole, the predetermined grouting pressure P0 can be determined based on the borehole opening elevation and the bottom elevation of the borehole.

[0071] Specifically, the borehole elevation, bottom elevation, and predetermined grouting pressure of the grouting borehole conform to the following relationship:

[0072] P0 = 0.3 + ρ c g(h1-h0).

[0073] Where P0 is the predetermined grouting pressure, ρ c Let ρ be the density of the slurry, g be the acceleration due to gravity, h0 be the elevation at the orifice, and h1 be the elevation at the bottom of the orifice.

[0074] In some embodiments, the predetermined water injection pressure and the predetermined grouting pressure conform to the following relationship:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, P c To determine the predetermined water injection pressure, D min b is the distance between the center of the non-grouting borehole and the center of the grouting borehole that is closest to the center of the grouting borehole. max P0 represents the maximum aperture of the penetrating fracture, P0 represents the predetermined grouting pressure, and ρ represents the maximum aperture of the penetrating fracture. c Let g be the density of the slurry, h be the acceleration due to gravity, h0 be the elevation at the orifice, h2 be the elevation at the center of the fracture, and P be the density of the slurry. aτ is the hydrostatic pressure, η is the yield shear stress of the slurry, α is the crack roughness coefficient, α is the water separation rate of the slurry, k0 is the safety factor considering the change in crack opening, which is generally taken as 1.2, and β is the crack inclination angle.

[0077] In this embodiment, a specific relationship is established between the predetermined water injection pressure and the predetermined grouting pressure, so as to accurately control the water injection pressure into the non-grouting borehole according to the change of the predetermined grouting pressure injected into the grouting borehole. This ensures that a stable pressure balance is maintained between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole, and further ensures that the grout injected into the grouting borehole will not flow into the non-grouting borehole through the through-crack between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole.

[0078] In some embodiments, step S60 further includes the following steps:

[0079] S61: Grout into the grouting borehole until the liquid flowing out of the borehole changes from water to slurry, and continue grouting for the first predetermined time.

[0080] S62: Adjust the grouting pressure to the predetermined grouting pressure, and maintain the predetermined grouting pressure to inject grout into the grouting borehole for a second predetermined time.

[0081] In this embodiment, when grouting the grouting borehole, grouting is first performed until the liquid flowing out of the borehole changes from water to slurry, so as to determine that the slurry has been injected to the predetermined position. Initially, the slurry flowing out of the borehole may contain a small amount of water, so grouting continues for a first predetermined time to ensure that all the liquid flowing out of the borehole is slurry, thus ensuring that the grouting borehole is filled with slurry. However, at this time, the through-cracks between the boreholes are not filled with slurry. If grouting is stopped at this time, slurry will flow from the grouting borehole into the through-cracks, forming a void in the grouting borehole. Therefore, the grouting pressure is adjusted to the predetermined grouting pressure, and grouting is performed on the grouting borehole for a second predetermined time to avoid disrupting the pressure balance between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole, and to ensure that the through-cracks are also completely filled with slurry, thereby ensuring the grouting of the grouting borehole is dense.

[0082] In some embodiments, in step S61, after the liquid flowing out of the grouting borehole changes from water to grout, grouting continues for 15 seconds; in step S62, the grouting pressure is maintained to continue grouting into the grouting borehole for 5 minutes.

[0083] In some embodiments, the grout injected into the grouting borehole consists of ordinary 425 silicate cement and water in a mass ratio of 0.5:1. The grout also includes light magnesium oxide, which accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the grout. Light magnesium oxide acts as an expansion agent to ensure good coupling between the sensor embedded in the borehole after grouting and the rock mass, while minimizing heat release.

[0084] In some embodiments, in step S70, a predetermined time is determined based on the initial setting time of the grout, so as to release the blockage of the non-grouting borehole opening before the grout reaches the initial setting state, allowing water inside the non-grouting borehole to flow out, so as to promptly clean the grout flowing into the non-grouting borehole and prevent the grout from solidifying and clogging the non-grouting borehole. Specifically, the initial setting time of the grout can be determined according to the composition and ratio of the grout.

[0085] In some embodiments, the predetermined time is 20-40 minutes before the grout reaches its initial setting state. At this time, the grout's fluidity is significantly reduced, and it has not completely solidified, making it easier to promptly remove grout flowing into non-grouting boreholes. Preferably, the predetermined time is 30 minutes before the grout reaches its initial setting state.

[0086] In some embodiments, during step S70, when cleaning the non-grouting borehole, the following steps are also included:

[0087] S71: Water is injected into non-grouting boreholes through this device.

[0088] S72: The device is moved back and forth along the axial direction in non-grouting boreholes.

[0089] S73: Confirm that the non-grouting borehole has been cleaned.

[0090] In this embodiment, water is injected into the non-grouting borehole using the device, and the device is moved back and forth along the axial direction in the non-grouting borehole to repeatedly scrape the borehole wall of the non-grouting borehole 1 using the second end 13 of the device's pipe 10, so as to carry out the grout flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1, thereby cleaning the non-grouting borehole 1 and further preventing the non-grouting borehole 1 from being blocked by grout.

[0091] Embodiments of this application also provide a grouting system, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the grouting system according to an embodiment of this application is shown, which includes a grouting unit 100 and a water injection unit 200. The grouting unit 100 is configured to inject grout into a grouting borehole 2; the water injection unit 200 includes the device applicable to borehole grouting according to the first aspect of this application, and is configured to inject water into a non-grouting borehole 1, and is capable of maintaining water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-hole, so as to prevent the injected grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the through-hole when the grouting unit 100 injects grout into the grouting borehole 2.

[0092] The grouting system provided in the embodiments of this application, by configuring the water injection unit 200 to inject water into the non-grouting borehole 1, maintains water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-crack, so that when the grouting unit 100 injects grout into the grouting borehole 2, it prevents the injected grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the through-crack, thereby keeping the grout injected into the grouting borehole 2 in the grouting borehole 2, thereby ensuring that the grouting in the grouting borehole 2 is dense, effectively avoiding the generation of voids, and at the same time, preventing the non-grouting borehole 1 from being blocked by the grout flowing into the grouting borehole 2, causing the borehole to be abandoned; and, by configuring the water injection unit 200 to inject water into the non-grouting borehole 1, it can also clean up the grout that has inadvertently flowed into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the through-crack after the grouting unit 100 has completed grouting into the grouting borehole 2, thereby further preventing the non-grouting borehole 1 from being blocked by the grout.

[0093] In some embodiments, the water injection unit 200 includes at least one water injection assembly 210, a water storage element 220, and a water injection pump 230. The water injection assembly 210 is configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 to the outside of the non-grouting borehole 1 and is configured to inject water into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the water injection assembly 210, so that water at a predetermined pressure is maintained in the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-fracture; the water storage element 220 is configured to store water delivered to the non-grouting borehole 1 through the water injection assembly 210; the water injection pump 230 is configured to provide pressure so that water in the water storage element 220 flows into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the water injection assembly 210.

[0094] In this embodiment, the water injection component 210 extends from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 to the outside of the non-grouting borehole 1 and is configured to inject water into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the water injection component 210. Under the pressure of the water injection pump 230, the water in the water storage component 220 is guided into the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 through the water injection component 210, so that the water can penetrate into the through-crack at the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1. Furthermore, by configuring the water injection component 210 to maintain water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-crack, during the grouting process of grouting the borehole 2, the water in the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-crack prevents the grout from flowing from the grouting borehole 2 into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the through-crack.

[0095] In some embodiments, the water injection assembly 210 includes: a device 211 for borehole grouting, a pipeline 212, a first pressure measuring element 213, and a first control valve 214. The device 211 for borehole grouting is configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 to the orifice of the non-grouting borehole 1, guide water from the outside of the non-grouting borehole 1 to its interior, and is configured to maintain water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole 1 and through the fracture; the pipeline 212 is disposed outside the non-grouting borehole 1 and is in fluid communication with the device 211 for borehole grouting; the first pressure measuring element 213 is disposed in the pipeline 212 for measuring the pressure value of the water flowing through the pipeline 212; the first control valve 214 is disposed in the pipeline 212 for controlling the flow path between the pipeline 212 and the device 211 for borehole grouting to be open or closed.

[0096] In this embodiment, the device 211 for borehole grouting is configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole 1 to its opening, guiding water from the outside of the non-grouting borehole 1 to its interior. It is configured to maintain water at a predetermined pressure within the non-grouting borehole 1 and the penetrating fracture. A pipeline 212 is fluidly connected to the device 211, and a first control valve 214 is located in the pipeline 212. Closing the first control valve 214 further restricts the outflow of water from the non-grouting borehole 1. Ensure that water can be maintained at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole 1 and the through-hole; a first pressure measuring element 213 is provided in the pipeline 212 to determine the water pressure injected into the non-grouting borehole 1 by the device 211 suitable for borehole grouting, thereby preventing the injected grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the through-hole when the grouting unit 100 grouts into the grouting borehole 2; and after the grouting unit 100 completes the grouting into the grouting borehole 2, the water in the non-grouting borehole 1 is allowed to flow out through the pipeline 212 by opening the first control valve 214.

[0097] In some embodiments, the number of water injection components 210 is determined according to the number of non-grouting boreholes 1 that have through-cracks with the grouting borehole 2. A water injection component 210 is provided in each non-grouting borehole 1 that has through-cracks with the grouting borehole 2, so as to keep water at a predetermined pressure in each non-grouting borehole 1 and through-cracks with through-cracks with the grouting borehole 2. Thus, during the grouting process of the grouting borehole 2, the grout is prevented from flowing into these non-grouting boreholes 1 through the through-cracks, effectively ensuring the grouting of the grouting borehole 2 is compact.

[0098] In some embodiments, the water pump 230 and the water storage unit 220 are in fluid communication with the water injection assembly 210 located in the non-grouting borehole 1 closest to the grouting borehole 2, so as to inject water into the non-grouting borehole 1 closest to the grouting borehole 2 through the water injection assembly 210, so that the injected water can flow into the grouting borehole 2 and other non-grouting boreholes 1 through the through-crack.

[0099] In some embodiments, the water pump 230 storage unit 220 is in fluid communication with the pipeline 212 of the water injection assembly 210 located in the non-grouting borehole 1 closest to the grouting borehole 2, so that water in the storage unit 220 is injected into the non-grouting borehole 1 via the pipeline 212 through the device 211 suitable for borehole grouting, and then flows into the grouting borehole 2 and other non-grouting boreholes 1 through the through-fracture.

[0100] In some embodiments, the grouting unit 100 includes: a grouting assembly 110, a discharge assembly 120, a grout storage unit 130, and a grouting pump 140. The grouting assembly 110 is configured to extend from the interior of the grouting borehole 2 to the exterior of the grouting borehole 2, and is configured to inject grout from the grout storage unit 130 into the grouting borehole 2 through the grouting assembly 110; the grout storage unit 130 is configured to store the grout delivered to the grouting borehole 2 through the grouting assembly 110; the discharge assembly 120 is configured to extend from the interior of the grouting borehole 2 to the exterior of the grouting borehole 2, forming a channel for the discharge of gas or liquid from the grouting borehole 2; the grouting pump 140 is configured to provide pressure to allow the grout from the grout storage unit 130 to flow into the grouting borehole 2 through the grouting assembly 110.

[0101] In this embodiment, the grouting assembly 110 extends from the inside of the grouting borehole 2 to the outside of the grouting borehole 2, so that the grout in the grout storage container 130 is guided into the grouting borehole 2 through the grouting assembly 110 under the pressure of the grouting pump 140; and the discharge assembly 120 extends from the inside of the grouting borehole 2 to the outside of the grouting borehole 2, so that when grout is injected into the grouting borehole 2 through the grouting assembly 110, the water in the grouting borehole 2 can flow out through the discharge assembly 120, thus avoiding the water in the grouting borehole 2 from affecting the injection of the grout.

[0102] In some embodiments, the grouting assembly 110 and the discharge assembly 120 are configured to maintain water at a predetermined pressure in the grouting borehole 2 to prevent water flowing out of the non-grouting borehole 1 through the through-crack when the water injection unit 200 injects water into the non-grouting borehole 1.

[0103] In some embodiments, the grouting assembly 110 includes: a grouting component 111, a second control valve 112, and a second pressure measuring component 113. The grouting component 111 is configured to extend from the inside of the grouting borehole 2 to the outside of the grouting borehole 2 and is in fluid communication with the grouting pump 140 and the grout storage unit 130; the second control valve 112 is disposed on the grouting component 111 and is used to control the flow path between the grouting component 111 and the grouting pump 140 and the grout storage unit 130 to allow flow or prevent flow; the second pressure measuring component 113 is disposed on the grouting component 111 and is used to measure the pressure value of the grout flowing through the grouting component 111.

[0104] In this embodiment, the grouting component 111 is configured to extend from the inside of the grouting borehole 2 to the outside of the grouting borehole 2 and is in fluid communication with the grouting pump 140 and the grout storage component 130, so that the grout in the grout storage component 130 is guided into the grouting borehole 2 under the pressure of the grouting pump 140. The second control valve 112 is configured on the grouting component 111. By closing the second control valve 112, the outflow of water from the grouting borehole 2 is restricted, ensuring that the water can be maintained in the grouting borehole 2 at a predetermined pressure. By opening the second control valve 112, the grouting process into the grouting borehole 2 can be controlled. The second pressure measuring component 113 is configured on the grouting component 111 to determine the pressure of grout injected into the grouting borehole 2 through the grouting component 111, which is beneficial for controlling the grouting pressure. Thus, in conjunction with the water injection pressure of the water injection unit 200 into the non-grouting borehole 1, the injected grout is prevented from flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the penetrating crack.

[0105] In some embodiments, the grouting component 111 includes a first extension 1111 and a first conveying portion 1112. The first extension 1111 and the first conveying portion 1112 are integrally formed. The first extension 1111 is disposed inside the grouting borehole 2, and the first conveying portion 1112 is disposed outside the grouting borehole 2 and is in fluid communication with the grouting pump 140 and the grout storage component 130. A second control valve 112 and a second pressure measuring component 113 are disposed on the first conveying portion 1112. The grout conveyed by the first conveying portion 1112 is guided into the grouting borehole 2 through the first extension 1111. The second control valve 112 and the second pressure measuring component 113 are disposed on the first conveying portion 1112 to control the flow path of the first conveying portion 1112 to allow for flow control and monitoring and control of the grouting pressure. This further ensures the coordination between the grouting pressure and the water injection pressure, preventing the grout injected into the grouting borehole 2 from flowing into the non-grouting borehole 1 through the penetrating crack.

[0106] In some embodiments, the sidewall of the first extension 1111 is formed with multiple holes to prevent the grout outlet of the first extension 1111 from being blocked by gravel, mud, or sand during its insertion into the grouting borehole 2, thus preventing the grout from flowing out. In this case, the grout can flow out through the multiple holes. Preferably, the multiple holes are circular holes, with 2-3 holes spaced 10 cm apart.

[0107] Furthermore, waterproof tape is pasted at the positions of multiple holes formed on the side wall of the first extension 1111. The degree of adhesion of the waterproof tape is set so that it can be washed away by the grout. This is to prevent the multiple holes of the first extension 1111 from being blocked by gravel, mud, sand, etc. during the process of extending into the grouting borehole 2. By setting the degree of adhesion of the waterproof tape to be washed away by the grout, it is also to prevent the waterproof tape from being too firmly attached, which would prevent the grout from flowing out of the multiple holes.

[0108] In some embodiments, the discharge assembly 120 includes a discharge element 121 and a third control valve 122. The discharge element 121 is configured to extend from the interior of the grouting borehole 2 to the exterior of the grouting borehole 2, forming a channel for the discharge of gas or liquid from the grouting borehole 2. The third control valve 122 is disposed on the discharge element 121 and is used to control the flow path of the discharge element 121 to allow or prevent flow. When grout is injected into the grouting borehole 2 through the grouting assembly 110, water inside the grouting borehole 2 can be guided to the exterior of the grouting borehole 2 through the discharge element 121, preventing water in the grouting borehole 2 from affecting the injection of grout. The third control valve 122 is disposed on the discharge element 121 so that by closing the third control valve 122, the outflow of water from the grouting borehole 2 can be restricted, ensuring that water can be maintained in the grouting borehole 2 at a predetermined pressure. By opening the third control valve 122, the outflow of water from the grouting borehole 2 can be controlled.

[0109] In some embodiments, the discharge member 121 includes a second extension 1211 and a second conveying section 1212. The second extension 1211 and the second conveying section 1212 are integrally formed. The second extension 1211 is disposed inside the grouting borehole 2 and is arranged parallel to the first extension 1211 along the radial direction of the grouting borehole 2. The second conveying section 1212 is disposed outside the grouting borehole 2. A third control valve 122 is disposed on the second conveying section 1212. The third control valve 122 is disposed on the second conveying section 1212 to guide water inside the grouting borehole 2 from the second conveying section 1212 to the outside of the grouting borehole 2 through the second extension 1211. The third control valve 122 is disposed on the second conveying section 1212 to control the flow path of the second conveying section 1212 to allow for flow control.

[0110] In some embodiments, when the grouting borehole 2 is an upwardly inclined borehole, the grouting member 111 is configured to form a channel for the gas or liquid inside the grouting borehole 2 to exit the grouting borehole 2, and the discharge member 121 is used to guide the grout into the grouting borehole 2; when the grouting borehole 2 is a downwardly inclined borehole, the grouting member 111 is configured to guide the grout into the grouting borehole 2, and the discharge member 121 forms a channel for the gas or liquid inside the grouting borehole 2 to exit the grouting borehole 2. Furthermore, other components of the grouting assembly 110 and the discharge assembly 120 are configured to be interchangeable according to changes in the function of the grouting member 111 and the discharge member 121.

[0111] In some embodiments, the length of the first extension 1111 is set such that, when disposed inside the grouting borehole 2, it maintains a distance of 15-20 cm from the bottom of the borehole 2. Since there may be core material remaining at the bottom of the grouting borehole, if the first extension 1111 directly penetrates the bottom, it may block the borehole opening; therefore, a certain distance needs to be maintained. Furthermore, if the distance is too great, in the case of an upward-sloping grouting borehole, the first extension 1111, used to expel gas from the grouting borehole 2, may be filled with grout before the borehole is completely filled, preventing effective gas expulsion and resulting in air bubbles in the grout, causing incomplete grouting. If the distance is too small, there is still a possibility of blocking the borehole opening.

[0112] In some embodiments, the length of the second extension 1211 is set to 1-2m, preferably 1.5m. Since the second extension 1211 is used to guide grout into the grouting borehole 2 when the borehole 2 is an upward-sloping borehole, and to discharge gas from the grouting borehole 2 when the borehole 2 is a downward-sloping borehole, if the length is too short, anchoring agent may enter during borehole anchoring, causing the borehole to be sealed. If the length is too long, in the case of a downward-sloping borehole 2, the second extension 1211 may be filled with grout before the borehole is completely filled, preventing effective gas discharge and resulting in air bubbles in the grout, causing incomplete grouting.

[0113] Embodiments of this application also provide a grouting method, which uses the grouting system of the third aspect of this application to grout multiple boreholes, comprising the following steps:

[0114] S01: Identify one of the multiple boreholes as a grouting borehole and identify the other boreholes as non-grouting boreholes. Identify and mark the non-grouting boreholes that are connected to the grouting borehole.

[0115] S02: Determine that during grouting of boreholes, grout can flow from grouting boreholes to non-grouting boreholes, and determine the non-grouting boreholes from which grout flows.

[0116] S03: Set the water injection unit 200 in the non-grouting borehole determined in step S02, set the grouting unit 100 in the grouting borehole, and fill the grouting borehole, the non-grouting borehole determined in step S02, and the through crack with water.

[0117] S04: The water injection unit 200 seals the opening of the non-grouting borehole, keeping water in the non-grouting borehole and the penetrating fracture.

[0118] S05: Water is injected into the non-grouting borehole through the water injection unit 200 at a predetermined water injection pressure, so that pressure balance can be achieved between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole when grouting is injected into the grouting borehole.

[0119] S06: Grout is injected into the grouting borehole through the grouting unit 100 at a predetermined grouting pressure.

[0120] S07: After grouting is completed, wait for a predetermined time before unblocking the openings of the non-grouting boreholes and cleaning them.

[0121] S08: Repeat steps S01-S07 until all holes are grouted.

[0122] The grouting method provided in this application first identifies and marks the non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting borehole to be grouted. Then, it identifies non-grouting boreholes from which grout will flow into the grouting borehole during grouting, thus filtering out non-grouting boreholes with through-cracks that allow grout to flow between them and the grouting borehole. Next, a water injection unit 200 is placed in the non-grouting borehole, and a grouting unit 100 is placed in the grouting borehole. The non-grouting borehole, the grouting borehole, and the through-crack are all filled with water. The opening of the non-grouting borehole is then sealed to maintain water at a predetermined pressure within the non-grouting borehole, the grouting borehole, and the through-crack. Finally, water is injected into the non-grouting borehole according to a predetermined injection pressure, ensuring pressure balance between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole during grouting. To prevent water from being forced out of non-grouting boreholes by the grouting pressure during grouting, grouting should be performed before injecting grout into the grouting boreholes. This utilizes the pressure balance between the grouting and non-grouting boreholes to restrict grout flow and prevent grout from flowing into the non-grouting boreholes through the through-cracks. This keeps the grout within the grouting boreholes, ensuring dense grouting and effectively preventing voids. Simultaneously, it prevents grout from clogging the non-grouting boreholes, thus avoiding borehole abandonment. After grouting is completed, wait a predetermined time before unsealing the non-grouting borehole openings and cleaning them. This allows water to flow out of the non-grouting boreholes and removes any grout that may have inadvertently flowed into them through the through-cracks, further preventing grout clogging of the non-grouting boreholes.

[0123] In some embodiments, step S03 further includes the following steps:

[0124] S031: The water injection component 210 is placed in the non-grouting borehole determined in step S02, the grouting component 110 and the discharge component 120 are placed in the grouting borehole, and the grouting component 110 is in fluid communication with the grout storage component 130 and the grouting pump 140.

[0125] S032: Identify the non-grouting borehole that is closest to the center of the grouting borehole.

[0126] S033: Connect the water storage unit 220 and the water injection pump 230 to the water injection assembly 210 located in the non-grouting borehole determined in step S032 in fluid communication.

[0127] S034: Inject water into the non-grouting boreholes determined in step S032 to ensure that the grouting boreholes, all non-grouting boreholes, and through-cracks are filled with water.

[0128] In this embodiment, by determining the non-grouting borehole that is closest to the center of the grouting borehole, the non-grouting borehole with the best connectivity to the grouting borehole is determined. That is, this non-grouting borehole is most likely to receive grout and has the highest potential for grout to flow in. Therefore, water is first injected into this borehole so that the injected water can flow into the grouting borehole and other non-grouting boreholes through the through-crack.

[0129] In step S031, after setting the grouting assembly 110 and the discharge assembly 120 after the grouting borehole, the steps also include: anchoring the borehole opening; after anchoring, blowing air into the discharge assembly 121 to ensure that no gas is discharged from the grouting assembly 111; closing the second control valve 112 and blowing air into the discharge assembly to ensure that no gas is discharged from the anchored area. These steps ensure that the borehole opening is well anchored, preventing collapse or deformation of the opening during grouting.

[0130] In step S034, injecting water into the non-grouting borehole determined in step S032 further includes: closing the second control valve 112 and the third control valve 122, opening the first control valve 214 of the water injection assembly 210 which is in fluid communication with the water storage component 220 and the water injection pump 230, closing the other first control valves 214, and then opening the water injection pump 230 to inject water into the non-grouting borehole.

[0131] In some embodiments, step S06 further includes the following steps:

[0132] S061: Grout into the grouting borehole until the liquid flowing out of the borehole changes from water to slurry, and continue grouting for the first predetermined time.

[0133] S062: Adjust the grouting pressure to the predetermined grouting pressure and maintain the predetermined grouting pressure to grout the grouting borehole for a second predetermined time.

[0134] In this embodiment, when grouting the grouting borehole, grouting is first performed until the liquid flowing out of the borehole changes from water to slurry, so as to determine that the slurry has been injected to the predetermined position. Initially, the slurry flowing out of the borehole may contain a small amount of water, so grouting continues for a first predetermined time to ensure that all the liquid flowing out of the borehole is slurry, thus ensuring that the grouting borehole is filled with slurry. However, at this time, the through-cracks between the boreholes are not filled with slurry. If grouting is stopped at this time, slurry will flow from the grouting borehole into the through-cracks, forming a void in the grouting borehole. Therefore, the grouting pressure is adjusted to the predetermined grouting pressure, and grouting is performed on the grouting borehole for a second predetermined time to avoid disrupting the pressure balance between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole, and to ensure that the through-cracks are also completely filled with slurry, thereby ensuring the grouting of the grouting borehole is dense.

[0135] In some embodiments, in step S061, after the liquid flowing out of the grouting borehole changes from water to grout, grouting continues for 15 seconds; in step S062, the grouting pressure is maintained to continue grouting into the grouting borehole for 5 minutes.

[0136] In step S061, the method further includes: opening the second control valve 112 and the third control valve 122, turning on the grouting pump 140 to inject grout into the grouting borehole until the liquid flowing out from the discharge device 121 changes from water to grout, and continuing grouting for a first predetermined time; in step S062, the method further includes: closing the third control valve 122, adjusting the grouting pressure of the grouting pump 140 to a predetermined grouting pressure, maintaining the predetermined grouting pressure to inject grout into the grouting borehole for a second predetermined time, closing the grouting pump 140, and closing the second control valve 112.

[0137] Regarding the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0138] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of grouting, suitable for grouting a plurality of boreholes, characterised in that, It employs a device suitable for borehole grouting. The device for borehole grouting is capable of injecting water into non-grouting boreholes during the borehole grouting process, and includes: Multiple pipe fittings and inflatable components, The plurality of pipe fittings can be connected to each other and are configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole to the opening of the non-grouting borehole after being connected, and are configured to allow water to be injected into the non-grouting borehole through the plurality of pipe fittings. The inflatable component is installed on the pipe located at the orifice. The inflatable component is configured to seal the gap between the pipe and the non-grouting borehole after inflation, so that water entering the borehole through multiple pipes will not flow out to the outside of the borehole through the gap. The grouting method includes the following steps: S10: Determine one of the plurality of boreholes as a grouting borehole and determine the other boreholes of the plurality of boreholes as non-grouting boreholes; identify and mark the non-grouting boreholes that communicate with the grouting boreholes. S20: Determine that during grouting of the borehole, grout can flow from the grouting borehole to the non-grouting borehole, and determine that there is a through-crack between the non-grouting borehole and the grouting borehole. S30: The device is placed in the non-grouting borehole determined in step S20, and water is injected into the grouting borehole, the non-grouting borehole, and the through-crack through the device; S40: Inflate the inflatable component to seal the gap between the pipe and the non-grouting borehole; S50: Inject water into the non-grouting borehole according to a predetermined water injection pressure, so that when grouting is injected into the grouting borehole, pressure balance can be achieved between the grouting borehole and the non-grouting borehole; S60: Grout is injected into the grouting borehole according to the predetermined grouting pressure; S70: After grouting is completed, wait for a predetermined time and then deflate the air-filled component to allow the water in the non-grouting borehole to flow out and clean the non-grouting borehole. S80: Repeat steps S10-S70 until all the boreholes are grouted.

2. The grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipe fitting has a pipe body, a first end, and a second end, the pipe body being disposed between the first end and the second end, and the pipe body, the first end, and the second end being integrally formed. Wherein, the first end of one of the pipe fittings is detachably connected to the second end of the other pipe fitting; The second end of the pipe fitting located at the orifice is positioned outside the orifice.

3. The grouting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end is configured with an external thread and the second end is configured with an internal thread, wherein the radial length of the second end is greater than the radial length of the tube body.

4. The grouting method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inflation component is located at the second end of the pipe near the orifice.

5. The grouting method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The device for borehole grouting also includes a rubber pad, which is disposed at the connection of the plurality of pipe fittings.

6. The grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S10, "Identifying and marking non-grouting boreholes connected to the grouting boreholes," also includes the following steps: S11: Inject water into the grouting borehole and maintain a predetermined pressure; S12: Identify the borehole with the largest change in water flow rate in the non-grouting borehole, mark it, and seal it; S13: Repeat steps S11-S12 to identify and mark the non-grouting boreholes that are connected to the grouting boreholes.

7. The grouting method according to claim 1, characterized by Step S20 also includes the following steps: S21: Determine the aperture of the through fracture in the marked non-grouting borehole; S22: Based on the opening of the through fracture, determine that during grouting of the borehole, the grout can flow from the grouting borehole to the non-grouting borehole, and identify the non-grouting borehole from which the grout flows in.

8. The grouting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S22 also includes the following steps: S221: Determine the maximum diffusion radius of the slurry based on the opening of the through-crack; S222: Determine the non-grouting borehole that is closest to the grouting borehole, and determine the distance between them; S223: Based on the maximum diffusion radius determined in S221 and the distance determined in step S222, determine that during grouting of the borehole, the grout can flow from the grouting borehole to the non-grouting borehole, and identify the non-grouting borehole into which the grout flows.

9. The grouting method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S221, the aperture of the penetrating fracture and the maximum diffusion radius of the slurry conform to the following relationship: ， in, The maximum diffusion radius, For the maximum aperture of the penetrating fracture, To the predetermined grouting pressure, Let τ be the hydrostatic pressure, and τ be the yield shear stress of the slurry. The roughness coefficient is the crack roughness coefficient. The water separation rate of the slurry. To account for the safety factor of crack aperture variation, Let g be the density of the slurry, and g be the acceleration due to gravity. The elevation of the borehole. This is the elevation of the crack center. The angle of inclination of the fracture.

10. The grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S70, when cleaning the non-grouting borehole, the following steps are also included: S71: Inject water into the non-grouting borehole through the device; S72: The device is moved back and forth along the axial direction in the non-grouting borehole; S73: Determine that the non-grouting borehole has been cleaned.

11. A grouting system suitable for grouting multiple boreholes, the multiple boreholes including grouting boreholes and non-grouting boreholes, wherein a through-crack exists between the grouting boreholes and the non-grouting boreholes, characterized in that, It includes: A grouting unit is configured to inject grout into the grouting borehole; The water injection unit includes a device suitable for borehole grouting, the water injection unit is configured to inject water into the non-grouting borehole and to maintain water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole and the through-hole, so as to prevent the injected grout from flowing into the non-grouting borehole through the through-hole when the grouting unit injects grout into the grouting borehole. The device suitable for borehole grouting includes: Multiple pipe fittings and inflatable components, The plurality of pipe fittings can be connected to each other and are configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole to the opening of the non-grouting borehole after being connected, and are configured to allow water to be injected into the non-grouting borehole through the plurality of pipe fittings. The inflatable component is installed on the pipe located at the orifice. The inflatable component is configured to seal the gap between the pipe and the non-grouting borehole after inflation, so that water entering the borehole through multiple pipes will not flow out to the outside of the borehole through the gap.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein, The water injection unit includes: At least one water injection component, the water injection component being configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole to the outside of the non-grouting borehole, and being configured to inject water into the non-grouting borehole through the water injection component, so that water at a predetermined pressure is maintained in the non-grouting borehole and the through fracture. A water storage device, the water storage device being configured to store water supplied to the non-grouting borehole through the water injection assembly; A water injection pump is configured to provide pressure so that water in the water storage unit flows through the water injection assembly into the non-grouting borehole.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein, The water injection assembly includes: The device for borehole grouting is configured to extend from the bottom of the non-grouting borehole to the orifice of the non-grouting borehole, guide water from the outside of the non-grouting borehole to its interior, and is configured to maintain water at a predetermined pressure in the non-grouting borehole and the through fracture. The pipeline is located outside the non-grouting borehole and is in fluid communication with the device suitable for borehole grouting; A first pressure measuring element is disposed in the pipeline and is used to measure the pressure value of the water flowing through the pipeline; A first control valve is disposed in the pipeline and is used to control the flow path between the pipeline and the device suitable for borehole grouting to be open or closed.

14. The system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The number of water injection components is determined based on the number of non-grouting boreholes that have through-cracks with the grouting boreholes.

15. The system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The water injection pump, the water storage device, and the water injection assembly located in the non-grouting borehole closest to the grouting borehole are in fluid communication.

16. The system of any of claims 11-15, wherein, The grouting unit includes: Grouting components, discharge components, grout storage components, and grouting pumps. The grouting assembly is configured to extend from the inside of the grouting borehole to the outside of the grouting borehole, and is configured to inject grout from the grout storage component into the grouting borehole through the grouting assembly; The slurry storage unit is configured to store the slurry delivered to the grouting borehole through the grouting assembly; The discharge assembly is configured to extend from inside the grouting borehole to the outside of the grouting borehole, forming a channel for the gas or liquid inside the grouting borehole to be discharged from the grouting borehole; The grouting pump is configured to provide pressure so that grout in the grout storage unit flows into the grouting borehole through the grouting assembly.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein, The grouting assembly includes: The grouting component is configured to extend from the inside of the grouting borehole to the outside of the grouting borehole and to be in fluid communication with the grouting pump and the grout storage component. The second control valve is disposed on the grouting component and is used to control the flow path between the grouting component and the grouting pump and the grout storage component to be open or closed. The second pressure measuring element is disposed on the grouting component and is used to measure the pressure value of the grout flowing through the grouting component.

18. The system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The grouting component includes: a first extension and a first conveying part. The first extension is integrally formed with the first conveying part. The first extension is disposed inside the grouting borehole, the first conveying part is disposed outside the grouting borehole and is in fluid communication with the grouting pump and the grout storage device, and the second control valve and the second pressure measuring device are disposed in the first conveying part.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein, The emission assembly includes: A discharge component is provided, which extends from the inside of the grouting borehole to the outside of the grouting borehole, forming a channel for the gas or liquid inside the grouting borehole to be discharged from the grouting borehole; A third control valve is disposed on the discharge component and is used to control whether the flow path of the discharge component is open or closed.

20. The system according to claim 19, characterized in that, The discharge component includes: a second extension and a second conveying section. The second extension is integrally formed with the second conveying part. The second extension is disposed within the grouting borehole and is arranged parallel to the first extension along the radial direction of the grouting borehole. The second conveying section is located outside the grouting borehole, and the third control valve is located in the second conveying section.

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