Preparation method of multifunctional vibration reduction shell lattice structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a multifunctional vibration reduction shell lattice structure, and belongs to the technical field of ships and underwater vehicles. According to the invention, an ox horn structure is subjected to bionic design and is applied to the field of submarine shell protection, and three ox horn lattice structures which combine the characteristics of a horn core porous chamber and a corrugated structure at the cross section of an ox horn sheath are established by referring to macro and micro characteristics of common yak horns in the nature; and the three ox horn lattice structures are constructed into the bionic ox horn gradient structure with the honeycomb negative gradient change, and compared with a traditional lattice structure, the bionic ox horn gradient structure is more excellent in mechanical bearing performance, and the deformation mode is more stable when the bionic ox horn gradient structure encounters impact damage. According to the TC4 titanium alloy-foamed aluminum interpenetrating phase imitated raw ox horn structure prepared through the non-pressure infiltration technology, the explosion energy dispersion area of the shell at the impact point is remarkably increased, and the built-in foamed aluminum material also has excellent sound insulation and noise reduction functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ships and submersibles, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure. Background Art

[0002] Existing submarine hulls still have significant deficiencies in acoustic stealth, vibration, and noise reduction, severely restricting their stealthy combat capabilities and endurance. Traditional steel hulls have limited effectiveness in suppressing mechanical vibration and propeller noise. Structural acoustic waves generated by the operation of internal equipment easily radiate through the hull into the water, forming a distinct acoustic signature. Furthermore, existing hull materials lack sufficient absorption and scattering properties for active sonar waves, making it easier for enemy detection systems to detect the submarine's position. Furthermore, traditional hulls struggle to balance pressure resistance and lightweight design. High-depth diving often requires increased hull thickness, which in turn increases weight and fluid noise. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new submarine hull structure that, while maintaining mechanical strength, significantly improves acoustic stealth performance, reduces vibration transmission efficiency, and optimizes fluid noise characteristics, effectively enhancing a submarine's battlefield survivability and tactical stealth.

[0003] TC4 titanium alloy is an α+β type titanium alloy, combining the advantages of α phase (stable and high temperature resistant) and β phase (high strength and heat treatable strengthening). The density of TC4 is only 4.43 g / cm³ (about 60% of steel), but the tensile strength can reach 900-1100 MPa. The specific strength (strength / density ratio) far exceeds that of steel and aluminum alloys. At the same time, its corrosion resistance is excellent enough and it is almost corrosion-resistant in seawater and acidic and alkaline environments. Therefore, it is one of the ideal materials for manufacturing submarine hulls.

[0004] In recent years, driven by demand for lightweighting, additively manufactured TC4 lattice structures have been widely used in submarine protection. However, traditional additively manufactured TC4 lattice structures, such as pyramid and BCC types, often have drawbacks and shortcomings. After experiencing periodic fluid pressure or explosive shock waves, these traditional lattice structures experience a significant decrease in energy absorption efficiency, and their explosion resistance is even inferior to that of traditional stiffened plate structures.

[0005] At the same time, the TC4 lattice's cavity structure has insufficient absorption of low-frequency (<500Hz) mechanical vibrations and sonar waves, resulting in radiated noise from the shell exceeding 90dB, making it easily detectable by modern passive sonar (such as towed array sonar). Aluminum foam is inherently lightweight and high-strength, and its porous structure effectively absorbs mid- and high-frequency sound waves. Closed-cell aluminum foam also boasts a shielding effectiveness of over 75dB against high-frequency electromagnetic waves (0.015kHz–1.5GHz). However, while its porous structure can absorb impact energy, it is susceptible to plastic deformation under high loads, leading to structural failure. Furthermore, due to the nature of its porous structure, aluminum foam is prone to fracture when subjected to shear forces, limiting its application in load-bearing structures.

[0006] If the mechanical properties of the TC4 lattice structure and the filtering and noise reduction capabilities of the foam aluminum material can be combined, the respective performance advantages of the two materials can be combined to make up for the performance deficiencies of a single material, and a submarine hull lattice structure that can efficiently reduce vibration and effectively filter and reduce noise can be designed, thereby greatly improving the safety of the submarine during its service. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: A method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure comprises the following steps: Step 1: Using 3D modeling software, a bionic horn gradient structure is established. The bionic horn gradient structure includes three different horn lattice structures obtained based on the cross-section of the horn core. A composite surface layer structure composed of the three different horn lattice structures is then established. The wall thickness of the surface layer composed of each cavity structure is then adjusted in a gradient manner to ultimately obtain the bionic horn gradient structure. Step 2: Import the bionic horn gradient structure designed in step 1 into Magics software, and print TC4 titanium alloy powder into the bionic horn gradient structure based on selective laser melting technology; Step 3: Using a pressureless infiltration method, the bionic horn gradient structure of TC4 material is prepared into a TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure; Step 4: Electrochemical deposition and pulling and impregnation are used to add two layers of multifunctional composite coating to the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic horn heterostructure obtained in step 3.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-sectional dimensions and aspect ratios of the three ox-horn lattice structures in step one are the same.

[0010] Preferably, in the composite surface layer structure in step one, each ox-horn lattice structure is coupled and spliced ​​to form a single-layer surface layer structure, and the surface layer structure composed of multiple cavity structures is coupled and spliced ​​to form a multi-layer composite structure.

[0011] Preferably, the lattice monomers of the three types of ox-horn lattice structures in step one are all realized by equation-driven curve commands, surface scanning commands and solid thickening commands, and the equations used in the equation-driven curve commands include involute equations, Archimedean spiral equations and cycloid equations.

[0012] Preferably, the construction method of one of the three ox horn lattice structures is as follows: Take the front view datum plane as the datum and use the involute parameterized equation as the sketch profile: X: m*(cos(t)+t*sin(t)), Y: m*(sin(t)-t*cos(t)), where t ranges from 0 to 3 / 2 Pi, where m is a constant and t is a variable. At the same time, draw a perpendicular line segment of length n on the right view datum plane as the path sketch. Perform surface scanning operations, with the contour orientation changing along the path. The contour twisting mode is set to a specified twist angle, with twist control being the number of turns. The scanned surface's first and last endpoints are marked as A and B, respectively, and then the scanned surface is thickened. Perform linear array entity operation along the AB direction, and then perform mirror entity operation on the arrayed structure with the front view reference plane as the reference to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure monomer; Finally, the ox-horn lattice structure monomers are arrayed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure.

[0013] Preferably, the construction method of one of the three ox horn lattice structures is as follows: Take the front view datum plane as the datum, use the gradient line parameterized equation as the sketch outline X:o*t*cos(t), Y:o*t*sin(t), where t ranges from 0 to 2Pi, where o is a constant and t is a variable. At the same time, draw a vertical line segment of length n on the right view datum plane as the path sketch; Perform surface scanning, keep the normal line unchanged, select the specified twist value for the contour twist mode, and use degree control for twist control. Mark the first and last endpoints of the scanned surface as C and D respectively, and then perform thickening on the scanned surface. A datum axis is established with point C and the top datum plane as the datum, and then a circular array is performed along the datum axis. A datum plane is established with point D and the right datum plane as the datum, and a mirror entity operation is performed with the datum plane as the datum to obtain a single horn lattice structure. Finally, the ox-horn lattice structure monomers are arrayed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure.

[0014] Preferably, the construction method of one of the three ox horn lattice structures is as follows: Take the front view datum plane as the datum, use the gradient line parameterized equation as the sketch outline X: p*(t - sin(t)), Y: p*(1 - cos(t)), the range of t is Pi / 3-Pi, where p is a constant and t is a variable. At the same time, draw a vertical line segment of length n on the right view datum plane as the path sketch; Then, the surface scanning operation is performed. The contour orientation changes with the path. The contour twisting mode selects the specified twist value. The twist control adopts arc control. The first and last endpoints of the scanned surface are marked as E and F respectively. Then, the scanned surface is thickened. The datum axis is established based on point F and the front datum plane, and the circular array entity command is executed. Then, the mirror entity command is executed based on the front datum plane to obtain the horn lattice structure monomer. Finally, the ox-horn lattice structure monomers are arrayed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure.

[0015] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of the pressureless infiltration method in step 3 are as follows: Place the foam aluminum plate on the bionic ox horn gradient structure prepared in step 2, and heat it to 900℃ at 5℃ / min in an argon environment. After reaching the temperature, keep it warm for 1 hour and cool it with the furnace. At this time, wait for the foam aluminum material to be deposited into the bionic ox horn gradient structure under its own gravity to ensure that it is fully infiltrated.

[0016] Preferably, the specific method of adding two layers of multifunctional composite coating in step 4 is as follows: First, a corrosion-resistant zinc-nickel alloy coating is deposited by electrochemical deposition; The electrochemical deposition used a three-electrode system, with a TC4 titanium alloy-aluminum foam interpenetrating phase bionic ox horn heterostructure as the working electrode, a platinum sheet as the counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode. The deposition solution consisted of sodium citrate, citric acid, nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, and deionized water. The electrodeposition process was carried out in a constant potential mode, with a deposition potential of -1.1 to -1.25 V, a deposition time of 10 to 30 min, and a solution temperature of 25 °C. Then, the electromagnetic shielding coating is prepared on the zinc-nickel alloy coating by a pulling and dipping method; The TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic ox horn heterostructure wrapped with a zinc-nickel alloy coating was immersed in the Mxene solution at a speed of 10 mm / min. When the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic ox horn heterostructure was completely immersed in the Mxene solution, it was pulled out at the same speed. This process was repeated 5-10 times, and then the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic ox horn heterostructure was taken out and waited for the electromagnetic shielding coating to solidify.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses bionic design of ox horn structure and applies it to the field of submarine hull protection. Drawing on the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of yak horns commonly found in nature, three ox horn lattice structures that combine the porous cavity characteristics of the horn core and the corrugated structure at the cross-section of the ox horn sheath are established. The three ox horn lattice structures are constructed into a bionic ox horn gradient structure with a honeycomb negative gradient change. Compared with traditional lattice structures, the mechanical bearing performance is better and the deformation mode will be more stable when encountering impact damage.

[0018] The TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure, prepared by the pressureless infiltration method, further improves the mechanical properties and deformation mode of the gradient bionic horn lattice structure. At the same time, the interpenetrating phase material can significantly increase the impact point explosion area, improve the stress concentration tendency of the structure in the face of explosion, and further enhance the service stability of the submarine. The introduction of the foam aluminum material can effectively improve the insufficient sound absorption and noise reduction capabilities of the TC4 titanium alloy lattice structure, preventing the submarine's signal from being detected by sonar, and further improving the submarine's "stealth performance."

[0019] The combined electrochemical deposition and Czochralski impregnation process offers precise thickness control, strong bonding, functional gradients, and low cost, making it particularly suitable for the multifunctional coating requirements of submarine lattice structures. By depositing a multifunctional chemical coating on the periphery of the lattice structure using electrochemical deposition and Czochralski impregnation, the hull structure's electromagnetic shielding capabilities and corrosion resistance are further enhanced, preventing excessive electromagnetic waves from disrupting the normal operation of high-precision instruments within the hull and significantly improving the safety of the submarine hull during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of sampling yak horns in nature and electronic characterization of horn sheaths and cores; Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of three yak horn lattice structures and a bionic yak horn gradient structure designed based on the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of yak horn; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the bionic J-shaped horn corrugated structure BJHWPS designed for the present invention; Figure 4Schematic diagram of the bionic A-type ox horn corrugated structure BAHWPS designed for the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the bionic B-type horn corrugated structure BBHWPS designed for the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of bionic horn gradient structure BHGS; Figure 7 To prepare TC4 titanium alloy-aluminum foam interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure based on pressureless infiltration method; Figure 8 In order to prepare a multi-layer TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure by electrodeposition and pulling and impregnation method outside the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure, Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the working principle of the multi-level TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic heterostructure.

[0021] In the figure: 11. Bionic J-type ox horn corrugated structure; 110. Bionic J-type ox horn corrugated structure monomer; 12. Bionic A-type ox horn corrugated structure; 120. Bionic A-type ox horn corrugated structure monomer; 13. Bionic B-type ox horn corrugated structure; 130. Bionic B-type ox horn corrugated structure monomer; 2. Bionic ox horn gradient structure; 3. TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic ox horn heterostructure; 4. Multi-level TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic heterostructure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0023] This solution is designed based on the microstructure of yak horns in nature. Yak horns have excellent resistance to impact deformation. Their unique structure and material properties enable them to maintain stability even in severe collisions or stresses. Figure 1 As shown, yak horn has a typical hole horn structure, consisting of an outer horn sheath (horn sheath) and an inner horn core (bone core). The longitudinal SEM characterization of the polished horn sheath is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 The left side shows that its surface is gray-black and its microstructure exhibits a unique wavy layered structure.

[0024] These wavy layered structures have the following typical characteristics: low peak value, smooth peak shape and separation between waves. The wavy crack layered structure of the horn sheath effectively resists impact and absorbs energy through crack deflection, interlayer slip, shear band formation and other mechanisms. At the same time, Figure 1As shown on the right, the bone core, observed along the horn's axis, exhibits a loose, porous morphology and disordered arrangement. As a lightweight, porous material, the bone core's low density and large specific area enhance the horn's impact mechanical properties. Furthermore, the yak horn's macroscopic gradient morphology is reflected in the gradual changes in structure, composition, and mechanical properties from base to tip. This multi-scale gradient design also contributes to its excellent overall mechanical properties.

[0025] First, we used a microscopic electron microscope to observe the microstructure of yak horns in nature. The observed microstructures of yak horns included the cavity structure characteristics observed in the cross-section of the horn core and the corrugated structure characteristics observed in the longitudinal part of the horn sheath.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, based on the key features of the yak horn microstructure, structural design was carried out, and three yak horn lattice structures were extracted from the yak horn microstructure, including a bionic J-shaped horn wave pattern structure 11 (abbreviated as BJHWPS (BionicJ-shaped horn wave pattern structure)), a bionic A-shaped horn wave pattern structure 12 (abbreviated as BAHWPS (BionicA-shaped horn wave pattern structure)), and a bionic B-shaped horn wave pattern structure 13 (abbreviated as BBHWPS (BionicB-shaped horn wave pattern structure)). The three yak horn lattice structures all exhibit different corrugation characteristics and cavity structures. At the same time, based on the yak horn macro-gradient strategy, the three established yak horn lattice structures were constructed into a honeycomb negative gradient overall structure, and a bionic horn gradient structure 2 (abbreviated as BHGS (Bionichorn-shaped gradient structure)) was established. BHGS presents a negative gradient strategy, that is, the wall thickness increases from top to bottom. The shell structure constructed using this negative gradient strategy can further improve the vibration reduction performance of the shell structure.

[0027] The overall impact resistance of yak horn depends on the synergistic mechanism of its sheath and core: the sheath withstands tensile and shear forces under load, resisting surface cracks through its fiber-reinforced structure, while the core absorbs energy through pore collapse, preventing internal stress from being transmitted to the sheath. The three yak horn lattice structures—BJHWPS, BAHWPS, and BBHWPS—exhibit both corrugated features and cavity structures in both the longitudinal and axial directions, and each exhibits different corrugated and cavity structures. The bionic horn gradient structure 2 exhibits negative gradient properties, a strategy that has been demonstrated in research on honeycomb lattice structures to broadly improve the impact resistance of structures.

[0028] After the overall structure of the bionic horn gradient structure 2 is designed, the vibration damping shell based on the structure can be manufactured. The specific manufacturing method is as follows: Step one, complete the establishment of the bionic horn gradient structure 2 based on the three-dimensional modeling software. The bionic horn gradient structure 2 includes three different horn lattice structures obtained based on the cross-section of the horn core. A composite surface layer structure composed of three different horn lattice structures is established, and then the wall thickness of the surface layer composed of each horn lattice structure is adjusted in a gradient manner to finally obtain the bionic horn gradient structure 2.

[0029] Step 2: Convert the bionic horn gradient structure 2 designed in step 2 into an STL format file and import it into Magics software. Based on the selective laser melting technology (SLM), TC4 titanium alloy powder is printed into the bionic horn gradient structure 2.

[0030] Step 3: The bionic ox horn gradient structure 2 made of TC4 material is prepared into a TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic ox horn heterostructure 3 by using a pressureless infiltration method.

[0031] Step 4: Two layers of multifunctional coating are deposited on the outside of the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic ox horn heterostructure 3 by electrochemical deposition and pulling and impregnation, and a multi-level TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic ox horn heterostructure 3 is further prepared to solve the problems of insufficient corrosion resistance of traditional shell structures and electromagnetic interference faced during service.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the design steps of the bionic J-shaped horn corrugated structure 11 are as follows: First, with the front view reference plane as the reference, use the equation to drive the curve: use the involute parameterized equation as the sketch contour: X: m*(cos(t)+t*sin(t)), Y: m*(sin(t)-t*cos(t)), the range of t is 0-3 / 2 Pi (m is a constant, t is a variable), and at the same time, a vertical line segment with a length of n is drawn on the right-view reference plane as a path sketch; secondly, a surface scanning operation is performed, the contour orientation changes with the path, the contour twisting mode selects a specified twist angle, the twisting control is a circle control and the arc is 1.5 circles, the first and last endpoints of the scanned surface (consistent with the path direction) are marked as A and B respectively, and then a thickening operation is performed with a thickness of t1; then a linear array entity operation is performed along the AB direction, and the number of array entities is 1; then a mirror entity operation is performed based on the front view reference plane (sketch contour reference plane) to construct a bionic J-shaped ox horn corrugated structure monomer 110 with a size of a1*b1*c1; finally, array entity operations are performed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively, and the number of arrays is 2 to form a bionic J-shaped ox horn corrugated structure 11.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the design steps of the bionic A-type horn corrugated structure 12 are as follows: First, take the front view reference plane as the reference and use the equation to drive the curve: use the gradient line parameterization equation (corresponding to the Archimedean spiral equation) as the sketch contour: X: o*t*cos(t), Y: o*t*sin(t), the range of t is 0-2 Pi (o is a constant, t is a variable), and at the same time, a vertical line segment of length n is drawn on the right-view reference plane as a path sketch; secondly, a surface scanning operation is performed, the contour orientation keeps the normal unchanged, the contour twisting mode selects the specified twist value, the twist control adopts degree control and the degree is selected as 60 degrees, the scanned surface end points are marked as C and D respectively, and then a thickening operation is performed with a thickness of t2; then, a reference axis 1 is established with point C and the top-view reference plane as the reference, and then a circular array is performed with the number of arrays being 4; then, a reference plane 1 is established with point D and the right-view reference plane as the reference, and a mirror entity operation is performed with reference plane 1 as the reference, at this time a bionic A-type ox horn corrugated structure monomer 120 with a size of a2*b2*c2 is formed, and according to the top view, it can be seen that its corresponding A-type cavity feature is still in an open state; finally, array entity operations are performed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions respectively, with the number of arrays being 2, to form a bionic A-type ox horn corrugated structure 12.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the design steps of the bionic B-type horn corrugated structure 13 are as follows: First, with the front view reference plane as the reference, the curve is driven by the equation: the gradient line parameterization equation (corresponding to the cycloid equation) is used as the sketch contour X: p*(t- sin(t)), Y: p*(1 - cos(t)), the range of t is Pi / 3-Pi (p is a constant, t is a variable), and at the same time, a vertical line segment of length n is drawn on the right-view datum plane as a path sketch; secondly, a surface scanning operation is performed, the contour orientation changes with the path, the contour twisting mode selects a specified twist value, the twist control adopts radian control and the radian is set to 5rad, the first and last endpoints of the scanned surface are marked as E and F respectively, and then a thickening operation is performed, and the thickness is set to t3; based on point F and the front view datum plane, a datum axis 2 is established, and a circular array entity command is performed with an array count of 4. At this time, it can be seen from the top view that the A-type cavity feature presents a lotus-like cavity form; then a mirror entity command is performed based on the front view datum plane (the datum plane where the original contour curve is drawn), and a bionic B-type ox horn corrugated structure monomer 130 with a size of a3*b3*c3 is obtained; finally, an array entity operation is performed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions with an array count of 2 to obtain a bionic B-type ox horn corrugated structure 13.

[0035] like Figure 6As shown, the bionic horn gradient structure 2 is designed by coupling and splicing three bionic horn lattice structures: BJHWPS, BAHWPS, and BBHWPS. Within the surface layer composed of the three different bionic horn lattice structures, the cross-sectional dimensions and aspect ratios of the different types of horn lattice structures are identical, meaning that within the same surface layer, the different types of horn lattice structures occupy the same proportion of the surface area. Within the multi-layer composite surface layer, the wall thickness of each horn lattice structure is adjusted in a gradient manner. The wall thickness of the surface layer gradually increases from top to bottom (corresponding to from outside to inside on an actual ship hull), representing a negative gradient strategy. This negative gradient strategy is consistent with the macroscopic gradient strategy of horns. The coupling method draws inspiration from the interlocking interfaces found in horn and hoof structures, enabling the lattice structure to achieve a coupling-strengthening effect when subjected to impact.

[0036] Selective laser melting technology is used to manufacture the bionic horn gradient structure 2. The laser power is 180w, the laser scanning rate is 800mm / s, the layer thickness of single-layer printing is 20μm, and the laser scanning spacing is 60μm. At the same time, in order to ensure the bonding effect of the coupling interface, the overlapping areas between different horn lattice structures are remelted 2-3 times during the printing preparation process.

[0037] The process of preparing TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure 3 is shown in Figure 7 As shown, the steps for preparing the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic horn heterostructure 3 using a pressureless infiltration method are as follows: a commercially available foam aluminum sheet is placed on the prepared bionic horn gradient structure 2. Under argon protection, the temperature is raised to 900°C at a rate of 5°C / min, held at this temperature for 1 hour, and then cooled in the furnace. When the temperature exceeds the melting point of the foam aluminum, the molten foam aluminum gradually infiltrates into the bionic horn gradient structure 2 under the action of gravity. To promote the infiltration effect, a counterweight can be applied above the foam aluminum and the bionic horn gradient structure 2 to ensure that the molten aluminum fully fills the structural voids.

[0038] The effect diagram of multi-layer TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic heterostructure 4 is prepared by deposition coating. Figure 8As shown in the figure, the multilayered TC4 titanium alloy-aluminum foam interpenetrating biomimetic heterostructure 4 was prepared by electrochemical deposition and Czochralski impregnation as follows: First, a corrosion-resistant zinc-nickel alloy coating was deposited on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy-aluminum foam interpenetrating biomimetic ox horn heterostructure 3 substrate by electrochemical deposition. Using the TC4 titanium alloy-aluminum foam interpenetrating biomimetic ox horn heterostructure 3 as the working electrode, a platinum sheet as the counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as the reference electrode, the coating was deposited in a potentiostatic mode (-1.1 to -1.25 V vs. SCE) for 10 to 30 minutes in an electrolyte containing sodium citrate (66.15 g / L), citric acid (43.2 g / L), nickel sulfate (78.75 g / L), zinc sulfate (43.2 g / L), and deionized water at 25°C. Subsequently, a MXene electromagnetic shielding layer was applied over the zinc-nickel alloy coating by Czochralski impregnation. The sample is immersed in the MXene solution at a speed of 10 mm / min. Once fully immersed, it is pulled up at the same speed, repeated 5-10 times. After solidification, a composite functional coating is formed. The MXene solution in the pull-up and immersion method is prepared by hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching: MAX phase materials such as Ti3AlC2 are immersed in 45% HF, stirred at 40°C for 36 hours, centrifuged and washed until neutral, and then ultrasonically exfoliated for 45 minutes to obtain a monolayer MXene dispersion.

[0039] The working principle diagram of this patent is shown in Figure 9 As shown: First, when the submarine hull generates vibration noise, the aluminum foam in the multi-level TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic heterostructure 4 absorbs sound waves, resulting in excellent noise reduction, further reducing the detection range of enemy sonar. Second, when enemy detection ships use magnetic detection equipment to detect targets, the outer electromagnetic shielding coating in the multi-level TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic heterostructure 4 can effectively reflect and absorb incident waves, thereby reducing its own electromagnetic signature and interfering with or evading enemy detection signals. This can further enhance the submarine's "stealth performance" during service. Furthermore, when the submarine is discovered and attacked, the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure 3 within the multi-level TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic heterostructure 4, due to its rigid-flexible coupling concept and bionic gradient structural design, has the advantages of a larger explosion point area and better load-bearing performance compared to traditional pyramid lattice structures. Therefore, its ability to resist explosion damage and impact deformation is greatly enhanced.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Using 3D modeling software, a bionic horn gradient structure is established. The bionic horn gradient structure includes three different horn lattice structures obtained based on the cross-section of the horn core. A composite surface layer structure composed of the three different horn lattice structures is then established. The wall thickness of the surface layer composed of each horn lattice structure is then gradient-adjusted to ultimately obtain the bionic horn gradient structure. Step 2: Import the bionic horn gradient structure designed in step 1 into Magics software, and print TC4 titanium alloy powder into the bionic horn gradient structure based on selective laser melting technology; Step 3: Using a pressureless infiltration method, the bionic horn gradient structure of TC4 material is prepared into a TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating phase bionic horn heterostructure; Step 4: Electrochemical deposition and pulling and impregnation are used to add two layers of multifunctional composite coating to the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic horn heterostructure obtained in step 3.

2. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimensions and aspect ratios of the three ox-horn lattice structures in step 1 are all the same.

3. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the composite surface layer structure in step 1, each ox-horn lattice structure is coupled and spliced ​​to form a single-layer surface layer structure, and the surface layer structure composed of multiple ox-horn lattice structures is coupled and spliced ​​to form a multi-layer composite structure.

4. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lattice monomers of the three types of ox-horn lattice structures in step one are all realized by equation-driven curve commands, surface scanning commands, and solid thickening commands. The equations used in the equation-driven curve commands include involute equations, Archimedean spiral equations, and cycloid equations.

5. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The construction method of one of the three ox horn lattice structures is as follows: Take the front view datum plane as the datum and use the involute parameterized equation as the sketch profile: X: m*(cos(t)+t*sin(t)), Y: m*(sin(t)-t*cos(t)), where t ranges from 0 to 3 / 2 Pi, where m is a constant and t is a variable. At the same time, draw a perpendicular line segment of length n on the right view datum plane as the path sketch. Perform surface scanning operations, with the contour orientation changing along the path. The contour twisting mode is set to a specified twist angle, with twist control being the number of turns. The scanned surface's first and last endpoints are marked as A and B, respectively, and then the scanned surface is thickened. Perform linear array entity operation along the AB direction, and then perform mirror entity operation on the arrayed structure with the front view reference plane as the reference to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure monomer; Finally, the ox-horn lattice structure monomers are arrayed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure.

6. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The construction method of one of the three ox horn lattice structures is as follows: Take the front view datum plane as the datum, use the gradient line parameterized equation as the sketch outline X:o*t*cos(t), Y:o*t*sin(t), where t ranges from 0 to 2Pi, where o is a constant and t is a variable. At the same time, draw a vertical line segment of length n on the right view datum plane as the path sketch; Perform surface scanning, keep the normal line unchanged, select the specified twist value for the contour twist mode, and use degree control for twist control. Mark the first and last endpoints of the scanned surface as C and D respectively, and then perform thickening on the scanned surface. A datum axis is established with point C and the top datum plane as the datum, and then a circular array is performed along the datum axis. A datum plane is established with point D and the right datum plane as the datum, and a mirror entity operation is performed with the datum plane as the datum to obtain a single horn lattice structure. Finally, the ox-horn lattice structure monomers are arrayed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure.

7. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The construction method of one of the three ox horn lattice structures is as follows: Take the front view datum plane as the datum, use the gradient line parameterized equation as the sketch outline X: p*(t - sin(t)), Y: p*(1 - cos(t)), the range of t is Pi / 3-Pi, where p is a constant and t is a variable. At the same time, draw a vertical line segment of length n on the right view datum plane as the path sketch; Then, the surface scanning operation is performed. The contour orientation changes with the path. The contour twisting mode selects the specified twist value. The twist control adopts arc control. The first and last endpoints of the scanned surface are marked as E and F respectively. Then, the scanned surface is thickened. The datum axis is established based on point F and the front datum plane, and the circular array entity command is executed. Then, the mirror entity command is executed based on the front datum plane to obtain the horn lattice structure monomer. Finally, the ox-horn lattice structure monomers are arrayed along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions to obtain the ox-horn lattice structure.

8. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of the pressureless infiltration method in step 3 are as follows: Place the foam aluminum plate on the bionic ox horn gradient structure prepared in step 2, and heat it to 900℃ at 5℃ / min in an argon environment. After reaching the temperature, keep it warm for 1 hour and cool it with the furnace. At this time, wait for the foam aluminum material to be deposited into the bionic ox horn gradient structure under its own gravity to ensure that it is fully infiltrated.

9. The method for preparing a multifunctional vibration-damping shell lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of adding two layers of multifunctional composite coating in step 4 is as follows: First, a corrosion-resistant zinc-nickel alloy coating is deposited by electrochemical deposition; The electrochemical deposition used a three-electrode system, with a TC4 titanium alloy-aluminum foam interpenetrating phase bionic ox horn heterostructure as the working electrode, a platinum sheet as the counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode. The deposition solution consisted of sodium citrate, citric acid, nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, and deionized water. The electrodeposition process was carried out in a constant potential mode, with a deposition potential of -1.1 to -1.25 V, a deposition time of 10 to 30 min, and a solution temperature of 25 °C. Then, the electromagnetic shielding coating is prepared on the zinc-nickel alloy coating by a pulling and dipping method; The TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic ox horn heterostructure wrapped with a zinc-nickel alloy coating was immersed in the Mxene solution at a speed of 10 mm / min. When the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic ox horn heterostructure was completely immersed in the Mxene solution, it was pulled out at the same speed. This process was repeated 5-10 times, and then the TC4 titanium alloy-foam aluminum interpenetrating bionic ox horn heterostructure was taken out and waited for the electromagnetic shielding coating to solidify.

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