A multi-stage sorting apparatus for aquatic organisms

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage selecting device for aquatic organisms and relates to the field of aquatic organism selection, which comprises a selecting box, a baffle arranged in the selecting box, a plurality of bottom mud uniform spreading devices arranged on the baffle, a plurality of secondary dilution uniform spreading devices arranged on one side of the bottom mud uniform spreading devices, and a plurality of suction selecting devices arranged on the inner wall top of the selecting box. The selecting device is collaboratively designed through the modules of bottom mud uniform spreading, secondary dilution, suction selecting and automatic unloading, so that efficient, accurate and automatic screening and collection of benthic macroinvertebrates are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of aquatic organism selection, specifically a multi-stage selection device for aquatic organisms. Background Technology

[0002] To effectively reflect the state of the aquatic environment, benthic macroinvertebrates are the core biological group that must be selected from water samples. Benthic macroinvertebrates are the most sensitive to the aquatic environment. They have a small range of activity and a long lifespan, and can reflect long-term pollution.

[0003] Existing benthic macroinvertebrate collection equipment includes a frame and a support suspended from the frame by a cable. The lower end of the support is connected to a dredging bucket, and one end of the cable is connected to a motor for winding the cable. The dredging bucket has several filter holes for filtering out seabed sediment. This automatic benthic organism collection device uses the cable to lower the dredging bucket onto the seabed surface. The support controls the opening and closing of the dredging bucket to dredge the seabed sediment. The seabed sediment in the collected seabed sediment sample flows out through the filter holes, while the benthic organisms remain in the dredging bucket. Workers can directly collect benthic organisms without having to sort them, which greatly saves manpower and improves sample collection efficiency.

[0004] Existing benthic macroinvertebrate collection equipment uses filtration to collect and select benthic organisms, but for small benthic macroinvertebrates, filtration is difficult to collect accurately. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms, comprising a sorting box, a partition disposed within the sorting box, a plurality of bottom sediment spreading devices disposed on the partition, a plurality of secondary dilution spreading devices disposed on one side of each bottom sediment spreading device, a plurality of suction sorting devices disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box, each bottom sediment spreading device comprising a carrier box disposed on the partition, a bottom sediment feeding net disposed at the end of the carrier box away from the secondary dilution spreading device, and a water flow spreading component disposed on the outer wall of the carrier box and below the bottom sediment feeding net; the secondary dilution spreading device includes a rotatable connection The partition includes multiple secondary dilution boxes, a power component located at the bottom of the partition for driving the multiple secondary dilution boxes to rotate, and a liquid addition component and a liquid drainage component located on the partition. The liquid addition component is used to add liquid to the secondary dilution boxes, and the liquid drainage component is used to remove waste liquid from the secondary dilution boxes. The suction and sorting device includes a movable positioning component located at the top of the inner wall of the sorting box, a T-shaped plate located at the execution end of the movable positioning component, a suction component located on the T-shaped plate with its execution end extending to the lower part of the T-shaped plate, and two cameras passing through the T-shaped plate and symmetrically distributed about the suction component.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom sediment feed screen includes a plurality of n-shaped frames with one end hinged to the outer wall of the support box, a water spray ring connected to the end of the n-shaped frames on the outer wall, and a bottom sediment strainer disposed at the bottom of the water spray ring. In this preferred embodiment, the bottom sediment feed screen achieves preliminary sieving of the bottom sediment to facilitate the removal of large impurities in the bottom sediment.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the water distribution component includes a water pipe disposed on the outer wall of the support box and communicating with the support box, a plurality of overflow holes passing through the end of the support box away from the water pipe, and a first drain pipe disposed on the partition plate; a filter screen is provided in the overflow hole, and the overflow hole is connected to the first drain pipe through a pipe. In this preferred embodiment, the water distribution component enables the bottom sediment to be evenly distributed in the support box, so as to facilitate the selection of aquatic organisms in the bottom sediment.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a water discharge component is further provided at one end of the carrier box near the secondary dilution and spreading device. The water discharge component includes an extension plate connected at one end to the carrier box and at the other end to the first drain pipe, an extension plate provided on the outer wall of the carrier box, an L-shaped gate plate provided on the extension plate and extending at one end into the carrier box, and a drive cylinder provided at the bottom of the extension plate for driving the L-shaped gate plate to rise and fall. In this preferred embodiment, the waste liquid in the carrier box is discharged through the water discharge component.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power component includes a sliding frame slidably connected to the bottom of the partition, a cylinder disposed at the bottom of the partition and used to drive the sliding frame to move, a plurality of drive rings disposed on the sliding frame, a shaft with one end connected to the bottom of the secondary dilution box and the other end rotatably connected to the partition and extending to the lower part of the partition, and a transmission rod with one end connected to the outer wall of the shaft and the other end slidably connected to the inner ring of the drive rings. In this preferred embodiment, the reciprocating rotation of the secondary dilution box is realized by the power component to facilitate the secondary dilution and dispersion of the substance initially selected by the suction and selection device.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid addition component includes a liquid source pipe disposed on the partition, a liquid addition pipe having one end connected to the liquid source pipe and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box, and a first electrically controlled valve disposed on the liquid addition pipe. In this preferred embodiment, liquid addition is achieved through the liquid addition component.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the draining component includes a telescopic cylinder disposed at the bottom of the partition and having its actuating end penetrating the partition, a drain pipe disposed at the actuating end of the telescopic cylinder, a suction pipe having one end connected to the drain pipe and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box, and a second electrically controlled valve disposed on the suction pipe. In this preferred embodiment, the draining component enables the discharge of waste liquid.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the moving positioning component includes two slide rails symmetrically disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box, a second linear module slidably connected at both ends to the two slide rails, a first linear module disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box for driving the movement of the second linear module, and a first electric cylinder disposed at the actuating end of the second linear module, the actuating end of the first electric cylinder being connected to the T-shaped plate. In this preferred embodiment, the moving positioning component realizes the movement and positioning of the suction component and the camera.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the suction component includes a plunger tube disposed on the T-shaped plate, a suction tube whose top is connected to the bottom of the plunger tube, an electromagnetic block, a magnetic block, a magnetic ring, and an elastic sheet sequentially disposed within the plunger tube from top to bottom, a miniature electric cylinder disposed at the top of the plunger tube and whose actuating end is connected to the electromagnetic block, and a connecting rod whose top is connected to the bottom of the magnetic block and whose bottom passes through the magnetic ring and connects to the elastic sheet; the magnetic ring and the elastic sheet are both fixed to the inner wall of the plunger tube, and the electromagnetic block and the magnetic block are both slidably connected to the inner wall of the plunger tube. In this preferred embodiment, the suction component achieves precise suction of the area to be selected.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a discharge device is further included, disposed on the partition and located on the side of the secondary dilution and spreading device away from the bottom sediment spreading device. The discharge device includes a conveyor belt disposed on the partition and extending to the outside of the sorting box at both ends, a loading platform at one end of the conveyor belt, a loading pipe at the top of the loading platform, a loading hole passing through the bottom of the loading pipe, a pneumatic cylinder disposed on the loading platform, and a pusher block disposed at the actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder and located within the loading hole. In this preferred embodiment, the discharge device enables stable transport of the storage bottle to collect the sorted aquatic organisms.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: The sorting device in this invention achieves efficient, precise, and automated screening and collection of benthic macroinvertebrates through the coordinated design of modules such as bottom sediment even distribution, secondary dilution, suction sorting, and automatic unloading. Its core advantages are reflected in four aspects: graded processing, structural integration, intelligent control, and ease of operation. 1. Hierarchical processing and precise classification: The sediment spreading device pre-filters giant organisms larger than three centimeters through a sediment strainer to avoid clogging. The suction and selection device, combined with a camera and magnetically driven suction components, accurately locates target organisms of 2-30mm. The secondary dilution spreading device removes impurities and improves purity through reciprocating rotation and flushing. 2. Structural integration and functional synergy: The bottom mud spreading device integrates water spraying, water flow spreading, and automatic water unloading functions: the water spray ring washes the bottom mud, the overflow hole maintains the water level, and the L-shaped gate quickly discharges sewage, enabling continuous operation. The secondary dilution box uses the oscillation of the power component to work in conjunction with the liquid addition and drainage components to dynamically stir and disperse biological samples, avoid accumulation, and improve aspiration efficiency. The conveyor belt and pneumatic bottle-pushing structure of the unloading device enable automated storage, reducing the risk of contamination from manual handling. 3. Intelligent control, flexible adaptation The suction component is driven by electromagnetic coupling. The magnetic strength is adjusted by current, and the position of the electromagnetic block of the miniature electric cylinder is adjusted to achieve stepless adjustment of the suction volume, which can be adapted to organisms of different sizes. The dual linear module plus electric cylinder design of the mobile positioning component enables precise three-dimensional positioning. Combined with image analysis from the camera, it can intelligently identify targets and reduce the false negative rate. 4. Easy to operate and efficient to maintain: The bottom sediment strainer has a flip-over design, making it easy to clean up giant biological residues; waste liquid is recycled through drainage pipes and a negative pressure system, which is environmentally friendly and water-saving. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is an isometric view of the overall structure of the selection device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the selection device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the bottom mud spreading device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the suction and sorting device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the suction component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the secondary dilution and uniform spreading device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the unloading device structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the selection device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of the structure at point A of the present invention.

[0018] Figure Descriptions: 10. Sorting box; 11. Partition plate; 20. Bottom mud spreading device; 21. Carrying box; 22. Bottom mud feed screen; 221. N-shaped frame; 222. Water spray ring; 223. Bottom mud strainer; 23. Water spreading component; 231. Water pipe; 232. Overflow hole; 233. First drain pipe; 234. Filter screen; 24. Water discharge component; 241. Water discharge pipe; 242. Extension plate; 243. L-shaped gate; 244. Drive cylinder; 30. Secondary dilution spreading device; 31. Secondary dilution box; 32. Power component; 321. Sliding frame; 322. Cylinder; 323. Drive ring; 324. Shaft; 325. Transmission rod; 33. Liquid adding component; 331. Liquid source pipe; 332. Liquid adding pipe; 33 3. First electrically controlled valve; 34. Drainage component; 341. Telescopic cylinder; 342. Drainage pipe; 343. Suction pipe; 344. Second electrically controlled valve; 40. Suction and sorting device; 41. Moving and positioning component; 411. Slide rail; 412. Second linear module; 413. First linear module; 414. First electric cylinder; 42. T-shaped plate; 43. Suction component; 431. Plunger tube; 432. Suction pipe; 433. Electromagnetic block; 434. Magnetic block; 435. Magnetic ring; 436. Elastic sheet; 437. Miniature electric cylinder; 438. Connecting rod; 44. Camera; 50. Unloading device; 51. Conveyor belt; 52. Loading platform; 53. Loading pipe; 54. Loading hole; 55. Pneumatic cylinder; 56. Pushing block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0021] In this embodiment, the reference is emphasized. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 7, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms includes a sorting box 10, a partition 11 disposed within the sorting box 10, a plurality of bottom sediment spreading devices 20 disposed on the partition 11, a plurality of secondary dilution spreading devices 30 disposed on one side of the bottom sediment spreading devices 20, a plurality of suction sorting devices 40 disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box 10, and a bottom sediment spreading device 20 including a carrier box 21 disposed on the partition 11, a bottom sediment feeding net 22 disposed at the end of the carrier box 21 away from the secondary dilution spreading device 30, and a net disposed outside the carrier box 21. A water distribution component 23 is located below the bottom sediment feed net 22. The bottom sediment feed net 22 includes multiple n-shaped frames 221 with one end hinged to the outer wall of the support box 21, a water spray ring 222 connected to the end of the n-shaped frame 221 on the outer wall, and a bottom sediment strainer 223 located at the bottom of the water spray ring 222. The water distribution component 23 includes a water pipe 231 located on the outer wall of the support box 21 and communicating with the support box 21, multiple overflow holes 232 passing through the end of the support box 21 away from the water pipe 231, and a first drain pipe 233 located on the partition plate 11. The overflow hole 232 is located below the bottom sediment feed net 22. A filter screen 234 is provided inside the hole 232. The overflow hole 232 is connected to the first drain pipe 233 through a pipe. It also includes a water discharge component 24 located at one end of the support box 21 near the secondary dilution and spreading device 30. The water discharge component 24 includes a water discharge pipe 241 with one end connected to the support box 21 and the other end connected to the first drain pipe 233, an extension plate 242 located on the outer wall of the support box 21, an L-shaped gate 243 located on the extension plate 242 and extending one end into the support box 21, and a L-shaped gate 243 located at the bottom of the extension plate 242 for driving the L-shaped gate 243 to rise and fall. The drive cylinder 244 also includes a discharge device 50 disposed on the partition plate 11 and located on the side of the secondary dilution and spreading device 30 away from the bottom mud spreading device 20. The discharge device 50 includes a conveyor belt 51 disposed on the partition plate 11 and extending to the outside of the sorting box 10 at both ends, a loading platform 52 disposed at one end of the conveyor belt 51, a loading pipe 53 disposed at the top of the loading platform 52, a loading hole 54 passing through the bottom of the loading pipe 53, a pneumatic cylinder 55 disposed on the loading platform 52, and a pusher block 56 disposed at the actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 and located in the loading hole 54.

[0022] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the monitoring specifications directly stipulate that: a body length greater than two millimeters and unable to pass through a 40-mesh sieve is a large benthic invertebrate, and a body length greater than three centimeters is a giant benthic organism. The sediment spreading device 20 can filter giant benthic organisms larger than three centimeters. Large benthic invertebrates smaller than three centimeters but larger than two millimeters can enter the carrier box 21 and be initially selected by the suction and selection device 40. The suction and selection device 40 transfers the initially selected large benthic invertebrates to the secondary dilution spreading device 30. The secondary dilution spreading device 30 uses water flow to perform a secondary rinsing and impurity removal on the large benthic invertebrates. The suction and selection device 40 transfers the large benthic invertebrates after the secondary rinsing and impurity removal into the storage bottle conveyed by the unloading device 50 to complete the selection and collection process. Furthermore, when the sediment spreading device 20 is working, the staff can place the sampled sediment into the sediment feeding net 22, and the water supply system connected to the water spray ring 222 will supply water. The water spray ring 222 sprays water, and after the sediment is filtered by the sediment strainer 223, impurities larger than three centimeters or giant benthic organisms are filtered out by the sediment strainer 223, while impurities smaller than three centimeters or large benthic invertebrates enter the carrier box 21. The bottom sediment strainer 223 can be flipped over by rotating around the hinge of the n-shaped frame 221, so that the filtered material inside the bottom sediment strainer 223 can be poured out. After impurities smaller than three centimeters or large benthic invertebrates enter the carrier box 21, the water spreading component 23 spreads them out. After spreading, the suction and selection device 40 selects them out. After selection, the unloading component 24 can unload the impurities from the carrier box 21. Furthermore, when the water flow spreading component 23 is working, the water source system connected to the water flow pipe 231 supplies water, and the water flows into the carrier box 21 through the water flow pipe 231, continuously flushing the impurities and benthic large invertebrates in the carrier box 21 so that the impurities and benthic large invertebrates spread on the bottom of the carrier box 21. When the water level is higher than the overflow hole 232, the water is filtered through the filter screen 234 and discharged through the overflow hole 232 and the first drain pipe 233. Furthermore, when the unloading component 24 is working, the actuator of the drive cylinder 244 drives the L-shaped gate 243 to move upward, and the water flow carries impurities out through the unloading pipe 241 and the first drain pipe 233. Furthermore, when the unloading device 50 is working, multiple storage bottles can be placed in the feeding pipe 53. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to move. The pushing block 56 can push the storage bottle at the bottom of the feeding pipe 53 into the conveyor belt 51 through the feeding hole 54. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to reset. At this time, the storage bottle in the feeding pipe 53 falls naturally under the action of gravity. The conveyor belt 51 can transport the storage bottles.

[0023] Please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 2 , 6 As shown, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary dilution and even distribution device 30 includes a plurality of secondary dilution boxes 31 rotatably connected to the partition 11, a power component 32 disposed at the bottom of the partition 11 and used to drive the plurality of secondary dilution boxes 31 to rotate, and a liquid addition component 33 and a liquid discharge component 34 disposed on the partition 11. The liquid addition component 33 is used to add liquid to the secondary dilution boxes 31, and the liquid discharge component 34 is used to remove waste liquid from the secondary dilution boxes 31. The power component 32 includes a sliding frame 321 slidably connected to the bottom of the partition 11, a cylinder 322 disposed at the bottom of the partition 11 and used to drive the sliding frame 321 to move, and a plurality of drive rings 323 disposed on the sliding frame 321, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the secondary dilution box 31 and the other end is rotatably connected to the partition 11. The partition 11 includes a shaft 324 extending to the lower part of the partition 11, and a transmission rod 325 with one end connected to the outer wall of the shaft 324 and the other end slidably connected to the inner ring of the drive ring 323. The liquid adding component 33 includes a liquid source pipe 331 on the partition 11, a liquid adding pipe 332 with one end connected to the liquid source pipe 331 and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box 31, and a first electrically controlled valve 333 on the liquid adding pipe 332. The liquid draining component 34 includes a telescopic cylinder 341 located at the bottom of the partition 11 and with its actuating end penetrating the partition 11, a liquid draining pipe 342 located at the actuating end of the telescopic cylinder 341, a suction pipe 343 with one end connected to the liquid draining pipe 342 and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box 31, and a second electrically controlled valve 344 on the suction pipe 343.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the secondary dilution and spreading device 30 is working, after the material after the first selection enters the secondary dilution box 31, the liquid adding component 33 adds liquid, and the actuator of the power component 32 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to move, so as to assist the dispersion of the material after the first selection. After the material is dispersed, the suction and selection device 40 can select again. Furthermore, when the liquid adding component 33 is working, the liquid supply system connected to the liquid source pipe 331 supplies liquid, and the first solenoid valve 333 corresponding to the secondary dilution box 31 to be added is opened, and the liquid enters the secondary dilution box 31 through the liquid adding pipe 332. Furthermore, when the power unit 32 is working, the cylinder 322 extends and retracts, causing the sliding frame 321 to move. The sliding frame 321 drives one end of the transmission rod 325 to swing through the drive ring 323, and the other end of the transmission rod 325 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to rotate back and forth. Furthermore, when the drain component 34 is working, the actuator of the telescopic cylinder 341 drives the drain pipe 342 and the suction pipe 343 to move down until the end of the suction pipe 343 is close to the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary dilution box 31. At this time, the negative pressure system connected to the drain pipe 342 is turned on, the second solenoid valve 344 is turned on, and the waste liquid in the secondary dilution box 31 can be discharged through the suction pipe 343 and the drain pipe 342.

[0025] Please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 2 , 4 As shown in Figures 5, 8, and 9, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction sorting device 40 includes a movable positioning component 41 disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box 10, a T-shaped plate 42 disposed on the execution end of the movable positioning component 41, a suction component 43 disposed on the T-shaped plate 42 and whose execution end extends to the lower part of the T-shaped plate 42, and two cameras 44 disposed through the T-shaped plate 42 and symmetrically distributed about the suction component 43. The movable positioning component 41 includes two slide rails 411 symmetrically disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box 10, a second linear module 412 whose two ends are slidably connected to the two slide rails 411, a first linear module 413 disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box 10 and used to drive the second linear module 412 to move, and a first linear module 413 disposed on the execution end of the second linear module 412. The first electric cylinder 414 is connected to the T-shaped plate 42 at its actuating end. The suction component 43 includes a plunger tube 431 on the T-shaped plate 42, a suction tube 432 at the bottom of the plunger tube 431 at its top, an electromagnetic block 433, a magnetic block 434, a magnetic ring 435, and an elastic sheet 436 arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the plunger tube 431, a miniature electric cylinder 437 at the top of the plunger tube 431 and connected to the electromagnetic block 433 at its actuating end, and a connecting rod 438 at its top connected to the bottom of the magnetic block 434 and at its bottom connected to the elastic sheet 436 through the magnetic ring 435. The magnetic ring 435 and the elastic sheet 436 are both fixed to the inner wall of the plunger tube 431, and the electromagnetic block 433 and the magnetic block 434 are both slidably connected to the inner wall of the plunger tube 431.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the suction and selection device 40 is working, the controller receives the image information captured by the camera 44, and after analysis, triggers the moving positioning component 41 and the suction component 43 to perform the selection work. Furthermore, when the moving positioning component 41 is working, the first linear module 413 actuator drives the second linear module 412 to move, the second linear module 412 actuator drives the first electric cylinder 414 to move, and the first electric cylinder 414 actuator drives the T-shaped plate 42 to move. Furthermore, when the suction component 43 is working, the magnetic block 434 can rise or fall under the magnetic force of the magnetic ring 435 and the electromagnetic block 433. When the magnetic block 434 rises, it pulls the elastic plate 436 up through the connecting rod 438 so that the suction tube 432 produces a suction effect. When the magnetic block 434 falls, it pushes the elastic plate 436 down through the connecting rod 438 so that the suction tube 432 produces a drainage effect. The actuator of the miniature electric cylinder 437 can drive the electromagnetic block 433 to move, thereby adjusting the movement stroke of the magnetic block 434, so as to change the effective liquid absorption of the suction tube 432 and facilitate the suction of different benthic organisms. By changing the current, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic block 433 and the magnetic ring 435 is changed, so that the magnetic block 434 rises or falls. Taking the magnetic block 434 rising as an example, the electromagnetic block 433 generates an attractive force opposite to that of the magnetic block 434 when energized, and the magnetic ring 435 generates a repulsive force of the same polarity as that of the magnetic block 434 when energized, so that the magnetic block 434 moves upward.

[0027] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The monitoring specifications directly stipulate that: those with a body length greater than two millimeters and unable to pass through a 40-mesh sieve are considered large benthic invertebrates, and those with a body length greater than three centimeters are considered giant benthic organisms. The sediment spreading device 20 can filter giant benthic organisms with a body length greater than three centimeters. Large benthic invertebrates smaller than three centimeters but larger than two millimeters can enter the carrier box 21 and be initially selected by the suction and selection device 40. The suction and selection device 40 transfers the initially selected large benthic invertebrates to the secondary dilution spreading device 30. The secondary dilution spreading device 30 uses water flow to perform a secondary rinsing and impurity removal on the large benthic invertebrates. The suction and selection device 40 then transfers the large benthic invertebrates after the secondary rinsing and impurity removal into the storage bottle conveyed by the unloading device 50 to complete the selection and collection process. When the sediment spreading device 20 is working, the staff can place the sampled sediment into the sediment feeding net 22. The water supply system connected to the water spray ring 222 supplies water. The water spray ring 222 sprays water. After the sediment is filtered by the sediment strainer 223, impurities larger than three centimeters or giant benthic organisms are filtered out by the sediment strainer 223, while impurities smaller than three centimeters or large benthic invertebrates enter the carrier box 21. The bottom sediment strainer 223 can be flipped over by rotating around the hinge of the n-shaped frame 221, so that the filtered material inside the bottom sediment strainer 223 can be poured out. After impurities smaller than three centimeters or large benthic invertebrates enter the carrier box 21, the water spreading component 23 spreads them out. After spreading, the suction and selection device 40 selects them out. After selection, the unloading component 24 can unload the impurities from the carrier box 21. When the water flow spreading component 23 is working, the water source system connected to the water flow pipe 231 supplies water, and the water flows into the carrier box 21 through the water flow pipe 231, continuously flushing the impurities and benthic large invertebrates in the carrier box 21 so that the impurities and benthic large invertebrates spread at the bottom of the carrier box 21. When the water level is higher than the overflow hole 232, the water is filtered through the filter screen 234 and discharged through the overflow hole 232 and the first drain pipe 233. When the unloading component 24 is working, the actuator of the drive cylinder 244 drives the L-shaped gate 243 to move upward, and the water flow carries impurities through the unloading pipe 241 and the first drain pipe 233 to be discharged. When the unloading device 50 is working, multiple storage bottles can be placed in the feeding pipe 53. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to move. The pushing block 56 can push the storage bottle at the bottom of the feeding pipe 53 into the conveyor belt 51 through the feeding hole 54. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to reset. At this time, the storage bottle in the feeding pipe 53 falls naturally under the action of gravity. The conveyor belt 51 can transport the storage bottles; When the secondary dilution and spreading device 30 is working, after the material after the first selection enters the secondary dilution box 31, the liquid addition component 33 adds liquid, and the actuator of the power component 32 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to move to assist the dispersion of the material after the first selection. After the material is dispersed, the suction and selection device 40 can select it again. When the liquid adding component 33 is working, the liquid supply system connected to the liquid source pipe 331 supplies liquid, and the first electrically controlled valve 333 corresponding to the secondary dilution box 31 to be added is opened, and the liquid enters the secondary dilution box 31 through the liquid adding pipe 332. When the power unit 32 is working, the cylinder 322 extends and retracts, causing the sliding frame 321 to move. The sliding frame 321 drives one end of the transmission rod 325 to swing through the drive ring 323, and the other end of the transmission rod 325 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to rotate back and forth. When the draining component 34 is working, the actuator of the telescopic cylinder 341 drives the drain pipe 342 and the suction pipe 343 to move down until the end of the suction pipe 343 is close to the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary dilution box 31. At this time, the negative pressure system connected to the drain pipe 342 is turned on, the second electric control valve 344 is turned on, and the waste liquid in the secondary dilution box 31 can be discharged through the suction pipe 343 and the drain pipe 342. When the suction and selection device 40 is working, the controller receives the image information captured by the camera 44, and after analysis, triggers the moving positioning component 41 and the suction component 43 to perform the selection work. When the moving positioning component 41 is working, the first linear module 413 actuator drives the second linear module 412 to move, the second linear module 412 actuator drives the first electric cylinder 414 to move, and the first electric cylinder 414 actuator drives the T-shaped plate 42 to move. When the suction component 43 is working, the magnetic block 434 can rise or fall under the magnetic force of the magnetic ring 435 and the electromagnetic block 433. When the magnetic block 434 rises, it pulls the elastic plate 436 up through the connecting rod 438 so that the suction tube 432 produces a suction effect. When the magnetic block 434 falls, it pushes the elastic plate 436 down through the connecting rod 438 so that the suction tube 432 produces a drainage effect. The actuator of the miniature electric cylinder 437 can drive the electromagnetic block 433 to move, thereby adjusting the movement stroke of the magnetic block 434, so as to change the effective liquid absorption of the suction tube 432 and facilitate the suction of different benthic organisms. By changing the current, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic block 433 and the magnetic ring 435 is changed, so that the magnetic block 434 rises or falls. Taking the magnetic block 434 rising as an example, the electromagnetic block 433 generates an attractive force opposite to that of the magnetic block 434 when energized, and the magnetic ring 435 generates a repulsive force of the same polarity as that of the magnetic block 434 when energized, so that the magnetic block 434 moves upward.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms, comprising a sorting box (10), a partition (11) disposed within the sorting box (10), a plurality of bottom sediment spreading devices (20) disposed on the partition (11), a plurality of secondary dilution spreading devices (30) disposed on one side of the bottom sediment spreading devices (20), and a plurality of suction sorting devices (40) disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box (10), characterized in that The bottom mud spreading device (20) includes a support box (21) on the partition plate (11), a bottom mud feeding net (22) on the end of the support box (21) away from the secondary dilution spreading device (30), and a water flow spreading component (23) on the outer wall of the support box (21) and below the bottom mud feeding net (22). The secondary dilution and spreading device (30) includes a plurality of secondary dilution boxes (31) rotatably connected to the partition (11), a power component (32) located at the bottom of the partition (11) and used to drive the plurality of secondary dilution boxes (31) to rotate, and a liquid adding component (33) and a liquid draining component (34) located on the partition (11). The liquid adding component (33) is used to add liquid to the secondary dilution boxes (31), and the liquid draining component (34) is used to remove waste liquid from the secondary dilution boxes (31). The suction and sorting device (40) includes a movable positioning component (41) disposed on the top of the inner wall of the sorting box (10), a T-shaped plate (42) disposed on the execution end of the movable positioning component (41), a suction component (43) disposed on the T-shaped plate (42) and whose execution end extends to the lower part of the T-shaped plate (42), and two cameras (44) passing through the T-shaped plate (42) and symmetrically distributed with respect to the suction component (43). The water flow distribution component (23) includes a water pipe (231) disposed on the outer wall of the support box (21) and communicating with the support box (21), a plurality of overflow holes (232) passing through the end of the support box (21) away from the water pipe (231), and a first drain pipe (233) disposed on the partition (11). The overflow hole (232) is equipped with a filter screen (234), and the overflow hole (232) is connected to the first drain pipe (233) through a pipe; It also includes a water discharge component (24) located at one end of the carrier box (21) near the secondary dilution and spreading device (30). The water discharge component (24) includes a water discharge pipe (241) with one end connected to the carrier box (21) and the other end connected to the first drain pipe (233), an extension plate (242) located on the outer wall of the carrier box (21), an L-shaped gate (243) located on the extension plate (242) and extending one end into the carrier box (21), and a drive cylinder (244) located at the bottom of the extension plate (242) for driving the L-shaped gate (243) to rise and fall. The power unit (32) includes a sliding frame (321) slidably connected to the bottom of the partition (11), a cylinder (322) located at the bottom of the partition (11) and used to drive the sliding frame (321) to move, a plurality of drive rings (323) located on the sliding frame (321), a shaft (324) with one end connected to the bottom of the secondary dilution box (31), the other end rotatably connected to the partition (11) and extending to the lower part of the partition (11), and a transmission rod (325) with one end connected to the outer wall of the shaft (324) and the other end slidably connected to the inner ring of the drive ring (323). The suction component (43) includes a plunger tube (431) disposed on the T-shaped plate (42), a suction tube (432) connected at the bottom of the plunger tube (431) at the top, an electromagnetic block (433), a magnetic block (434), a magnetic ring (435) and an elastic sheet (436) disposed in the plunger tube (431) from top to bottom, a miniature electric cylinder (437) disposed at the top of the plunger tube (431) and whose actuation end is connected to the electromagnetic block (433), and a connecting rod (438) whose top end is connected to the bottom of the magnetic block (434) and whose bottom end passes through the magnetic ring (435) and connects to the elastic sheet (436). The magnetic ring (435) and the elastic sheet (436) are both fixed to the inner wall of the plunger tube (431), and the electromagnetic block (433) and the magnetic block (434) are both slidably connected to the inner wall of the plunger tube (431).

2. The multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom mud feed net (22) includes a plurality of n-shaped frames (221) with one end hinged to the outer wall of the bearing box (21), a water spray ring (222) connected to the end of the n-shaped frame (221) on the outer wall, and a bottom mud strainer (223) provided at the bottom of the water spray ring (222).

3. The multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid adding component (33) includes a liquid source pipe (331) disposed on the partition (11), a liquid adding pipe (332) with one end connected to the liquid source pipe (331) and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box (31), and a first electrically controlled valve (333) disposed on the liquid adding pipe (332).

4. The multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drain component (34) includes a telescopic cylinder (341) located at the bottom of the partition (11) and having its actuating end passing through the partition (11), a drain pipe (342) located at the actuating end of the telescopic cylinder (341), a suction pipe (343) with one end connected to the drain pipe (342) and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box (31), and a second electrically controlled valve (344) located on the suction pipe (343).

5. The multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving positioning component (41) includes two slide rails (411) symmetrically arranged on the top of the inner wall of the selection box (10), a second linear module (412) with its two ends slidably connected to the two slide rails (411), a first linear module (413) arranged on the top of the inner wall of the selection box (10) and used to drive the second linear module (412) to move, and a first electric cylinder (414) arranged at the execution end of the second linear module (412), the execution end of the first electric cylinder (414) being connected to the T-shaped plate (42).

6. The multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a discharge device (50) disposed on the partition (11) and located on the side of the secondary dilution and spreading device (30) away from the bottom mud spreading device (20). The discharge device (50) includes a conveyor belt (51) disposed on the partition (11) and extending to the outside of the sorting box (10) at both ends, a loading platform (52) disposed at one end of the conveyor belt (51), a loading pipe (53) disposed at the top of the loading platform (52), a loading hole (54) passing through the bottom of the loading pipe (53), a pneumatic cylinder (55) disposed on the loading platform (52), and a pusher block (56) disposed at the execution end of the pneumatic cylinder (55) and located in the loading hole (54).

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