Peanut single seed precision seed metering device

Abstract

The application discloses a peanut single-seed precision seed-metering device, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, which comprises a rack, a seed supply mechanism, a seed-metering mechanism, a seed supplementing mechanism and a control system, the seed supply mechanism comprises a seed box and a hopper, the seed box is installed on the rack, the hopper is arranged below the seed box, and a seed filling area is formed between the seed box and the hopper; the seed-metering mechanism comprises a seed taking and throwing assembly, a seed guiding assembly and a driving assembly, the seed taking and throwing assembly is partially located in the seed filling area, the seed taking and throwing assembly comprises a seed taking spoon, the seed taking spoon is used for accommodating a single peanut seed, the seed guiding assembly forms a seed guiding channel, and the driving assembly is used for driving the seed taking spoon to throw the peanut seeds in the seed filling area into the seed guiding channel; the seed supplementing mechanism comprises a seed supplementing structure and a seed supplementing pipeline, the seed supplementing structure is arranged at the bottom of the hopper, the seed supplementing pipeline has a seed supplementing channel, and the seed supplementing channel is communicated with the seed guiding channel. The application can realize single-seed sowing, can also reduce the seed missing probability, and is beneficial to realizing precision planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a peanut single-kernel precision seeding device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, peanuts are an important oilseed and cash crop in my country. To fully realize the yield potential of individual plants and increase peanut yield per unit area, planting techniques require sowing single seeds within a specified row / plant spacing. Therefore, peanut planting devices should be able to adapt to the agronomical requirements of planting rows / plant spacing and possess single-seed precision planting capabilities.

[0003] Currently, peanut single-seed precision seed metering devices mainly employ technologies such as mechanical orifice filling, pneumatic roller seed suction, and combinations of pneumatic and mechanical methods. For example, in the multi-seed pre-filled peanut single-seed seed metering device disclosed in application number 202411292373.0, an inclined, elongated groove-shaped orifice structure is used on the seed metering disc, allowing two or more seeds to be filled into the orifice during the filling stage. A flexible scraper then removes excess seeds from the orifice, ensuring the accuracy of single-seed planting. Similarly, in the peanut seed plot metering device disclosed in application number 202510053445.4, a seed suction hole is set on the seed metering cylinder, which has an internal negative pressure environment. The diameter of the suction hole is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the peanut seed, thus stably adsorbing peanut seeds of different shapes, sizes, and morphological characteristics. For example, in the air-suction peanut precision seed metering device disclosed in application number 201910569261.8, the seed-taking method that combines negative pressure airflow suction with mechanical auxiliary clamping can prevent large seeds from falling off during seed carrying due to their large weight and insufficient air pressure, thereby reducing the seed omission rate. At the same time, it can reduce the seed metering device's demand for air pressure, achieving the effect of energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0004] However, the aforementioned peanut single-seed precision seed metering device has the following problems in actual use: The pneumatic seed-taking method is suitable for small peanut seeds and has a good single-seed extraction effect, but its structure is complex, power consumption is high, maintenance is difficult, and detached peanut skins and fragments easily clog the pores. The mechanical hole-type seed-taking method has the advantages of relatively simple structure and low power consumption, but for seeds with different dimensions, the fixed-size seed-taking holes are prone to overfilling or underfilling, making it difficult to meet the precision sowing needs of different varieties or seeds with large size differences. When seeds are underfilled, it also leads to changes in the plant spacing, which is not conducive to achieving precision sowing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a peanut single-seed precision seeding device, which uses a seed-picking spoon to pick up a single seed from the seed filling area of ​​the hopper and put it into the seed guiding channel to achieve single-seed peanut seed sowing. At the same time, the control system coordinates the seeding mechanism and the replanting mechanism to effectively solve the problem of missed sowing, thereby realizing single-seed precision sowing operation.

[0006] An embodiment of this application provides a peanut single-kernel precision seed metering device, including a frame, a seed supply mechanism, a seed metering mechanism, a replanting mechanism, and a control system, wherein:

[0007] The frame is used to connect to the walking device;

[0008] The seed supply mechanism includes a seed box and a hopper. The seed box is mounted on the frame, and the hopper is located below the seed box. The seed box has a cavity for holding peanut seeds, and a seed filling area is formed between the seed box and the hopper.

[0009] The seed dispensing mechanism includes a seed picking and dispensing component, a seed guiding component, and a driving component. The seed picking and dispensing component is partially located in the seed filling area. The seed picking and dispensing component includes a seed picking spoon with a conical hole for accommodating a single peanut seed. The seed guiding component forms a seed guiding channel. The driving component drives the seed picking spoon to move from the seed filling area toward the seed guiding channel to dispense the peanut seed from the seed picking spoon into the seed guiding channel.

[0010] The replanting mechanism includes a replanting structure and a replanting pipe. The replanting structure is located at the bottom of the hopper, and the replanting pipe has a replanting channel that is connected to the seed guiding channel. The replanting structure is used to deliver peanut seeds from the filling area into the replanting channel one by one.

[0011] The control system is used to acquire the missed seeding information of the seed delivery component in real time and control the replanting structure to put peanut seeds into the replanting channel according to the missed seeding information.

[0012] Furthermore, in the seed-taking spoon located in the seed filling area, the following conditions are met: the cross-section of the upper end of the conical hole is larger than the cross-section of the lower end; the inclination angle of the centerline of the conical hole relative to the vertical direction is greater than the static friction angle between the peanut seed and the seed-taking spoon and less than 45 degrees; the upper end face of the seed-taking spoon is perpendicular to the centerline of the conical hole; the maximum diameter of the conical hole is greater than 1 times the average transverse diameter of the peanut seed and less than 1 times the average longitudinal diameter of the peanut seed; and the depth of the conical hole along the centerline direction is 0.5 to 0.6 times the average longitudinal diameter of the peanut seed.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a synchronous belt and a rotational drive component that indirectly drives the synchronous belt to rotate. The synchronous belt portion is located in the seed filling area. There are multiple seed-taking scoops, which are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the synchronous belt. The seed-taking and dispensing assembly includes a seed-protecting shell with a limiting cavity. The synchronous belt and the seed-taking scoops are both disposed within the limiting cavity, and the distance between the seed-taking scoops and the inner wall of the limiting cavity is less than the average transverse diameter of the peanut seeds. The seed-guiding channel communicates with the limiting cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a timing pulley and a drive shaft. There are two timing pulleys, which are spaced apart within the limiting cavity. The timing belt is sleeved on the two timing pulleys. The drive shaft is connected to one of the timing pulleys. The rotation drive member is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate, thereby driving the timing belt to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the replanting structure includes a shell, a replanting disc, a seed-protecting plate, a flexible sweeping component, and a replanting drive component. The shell is installed below the hopper and has a seed outlet. The replanting disc is rotatably mounted on the shell and has multiple seed-accepting holes evenly spaced along its circumference. The seed outlet is located below the movement trajectory of the seed-accepting holes. The seed-protecting plate is positioned above the replanting disc and covers the seed outlet along its projection perpendicular to the end face of the shell. The flexible sweeping component is installed on both sides of the seed-protecting plate and is used to sweep away peanut seeds located outside the seed-accepting holes. The replanting drive component is used to drive the replanting disc to rotate.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the seed-accepting holes has an inclined surface at one end, which is used to guide peanut seeds into the seed-accepting hole, and a stop block at the other end of the seed-accepting hole, which is used to prevent a single peanut seed from leaving the seed-accepting hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the control system includes a controller and a missed seed detection sensor and a supplementary seed detection sensor, which are electrically connected to the controller respectively. The missed seed detection sensor is installed between the seed outlet of the supplementary seeding structure and the feed inlet of the seed guiding channel. The supplementary seed detection sensor is installed on the side of the housing away from the supplementary seeding tray, and the supplementary seed detection sensor is located on the seed protection plate along a projection perpendicular to the housing. The housing is provided with a detection port, and the supplementary seed detection sensor detects whether there are peanut seeds to be supplemented in the seed-containing hole through the detection port.

[0018] Furthermore, the control system includes a speed measuring radar, which is electrically connected to the controller. The speed measuring radar is used to detect the travel speed of the walking device. The controller is used to calculate the target rotation speed of the seed metering mechanism based on the plant spacing and the travel speed, and to control the drive shaft of the seed metering mechanism to rotate according to the target rotation speed of the seed metering mechanism in order to release peanut seeds.

[0019] Furthermore, the seed dispensing mechanism includes a connecting buckle, which is mounted on the timing belt, and the seed-collecting spoon is detachably mounted on the connecting buckle.

[0020] Furthermore, the seed supply mechanism includes a movable baffle installed inside the seed box. The seed filling area is formed between the bottom of the movable baffle and the hopper. By adjusting the installation height of the movable baffle in the vertical direction, the seed layer height in the seed filling area can be changed.

[0021] The aforementioned peanut single-seed precision seed metering device has at least the following beneficial effects: The seed metering mechanism uses a seed-picking scoop to pick up individual seeds from the seed filling area of ​​the hopper and place them into the seed guide channel, thus achieving single-seed sowing. Simultaneously, the control system can monitor the seed metering mechanism's missed sowing status in real time. When a missed sowing occurs, the control system can promptly control the replanting structure to place the replanted peanut seeds into the replanting channel. The end of the replanting channel is connected to the seed guide channel, ensuring that the replanted peanut seeds land at the target planting location of the missed seeds. This reduces the probability of missed sowing and minimizes changes in planting intervals caused by missed sowing, allowing the plant spacing of peanut seeds to remain as equal as possible, thus facilitating precision planting.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a peanut single-kernel precision seed metering device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seed supply mechanism in a peanut single-seed precision seed metering device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the seed metering mechanism in a peanut single-kernel precision seed metering device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the seed collection and delivery component in a peanut single-seed precision seed metering device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5a This is a front view of the seed-taking spoon in a peanut single-seed precision seed metering device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5b for Figure 5a A cross-sectional diagram of position AA in the diagram;

[0030] Figure 5c A schematic diagram showing the fit between the peanut seed and the conical hole of the seed-collecting spoon;

[0031] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the replanting mechanism and the hopper in a peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the replanting mechanism in a peanut single-seed precision seeding device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the replanting mechanism in a peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the seed supply mechanism, seed metering mechanism, and replanting mechanism in a peanut single-seed precision seed metering device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a peanut planter according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a control flowchart of a peanut planter control method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure label:

[0038] 1. Peanut seeds;

[0039] 100. Rack;

[0040] 200. Seed supply mechanism; 210. Seed box; 220. Hopper; 230. Movable baffle; 240. Partition;

[0041] 300. Seed dispensing mechanism; 310. Seed picking and dispensing component; 311. Seed picking spoon; 3111. Conical hole; 3112. Upper end face; 312. Connecting buckle; 313. Seed protection shell; 3131. Third shell; 3132. Fourth shell; 3133. Limiting cavity; 320. Seed guiding component; 321. First shell; 322. Second shell; 323. Seed guiding channel; 330. Drive component; 331. Synchronous belt; 332. Synchronous pulley; 333. Drive shaft; 334. Rotation drive component;

[0042] 400. Replanting mechanism; 410. Replanting pipe; 411. Replanting channel; 420. Shell; 421. Seed outlet; 422. Detection port; 430. Replanting tray; 431. Seed-containing hole; 4311. Inclined surface; 440. Seed protection plate; 450. Flexible material sweeping component; 460. Replanting drive component;

[0043] 500. Control system; 510. Missed seed detection sensor; 520. Supplementary seed detection sensor; 530. Controller; 540. Speed ​​measuring radar; 550. Touch screen. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0046] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0047] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0048] In the description of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0049] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application discloses a peanut planter, including a peanut single-kernel precision seeding device and a walking device, wherein the peanut single-kernel precision seeding device is mounted on the walking device via a frame 100.

[0050] The traveling device can be a tractor or other traction implement with a traveling structure. By controlling the movement of the traveling device, the peanut single-seed precision seed metering device can be moved, thereby achieving mobile sowing. It is worth understanding that the trajectory swept by the traveling device and the peanut single-seed precision seed metering device is the sowing trajectory. By controlling the speed and direction of movement of the traveling device, and synchronously controlling the peanut single-seed precision seed metering device to sow seeds, precision planting with a fixed plant spacing can be achieved.

[0051] See Figures 1 to 9 The second aspect of this application discloses a peanut single-seed precision seeding device, including a frame 100, a seed supply mechanism 200, a seed metering mechanism 300, a replanting mechanism 400, and a control system 500.

[0052] Specifically, the frame 100 is used to connect with the walking device; the seed supply mechanism 200 includes a seed box 210 and a hopper 220. The seed box 210 is mounted on the frame 100, and the hopper 220 is located below the seed box 210. The seed box 210 has a placement cavity for holding peanut seeds 1, and a seed filling area is formed between the seed box 210 and the hopper 220; the seed dispensing mechanism 300 includes a seed picking and dispensing component 310, a seed guiding component 320, and a driving component 330. The seed picking and dispensing component 310 is partially located in the seed filling area. The seed picking and dispensing component 310 includes a seed picking spoon 311, which has a conical hole 3111 for holding a single peanut seed 1. The seed guiding component 320... A seed-guiding channel 323 is formed. A driving component 330 is used to drive the seed-picking spoon 311 to move from the seed-filling area towards the seed-guiding channel 323, so as to put the peanut seeds 1 in the seed-picking spoon 311 into the seed-guiding channel 323. The replanting mechanism 400 includes a replanting structure and a replanting pipe 410. The replanting structure is set at the bottom of the hopper 220. The replanting pipe 410 has a replanting channel 411, which is connected to the seed-guiding channel 323. The replanting structure is used to send the peanut seeds 1 in the seed-filling area into the replanting channel 411 one by one. The control system 500 is used to obtain the missed seeding information of the seed-picking and dispensing component 310 in real time and control the replanting structure to put the peanut seeds 1 into the replanting channel 411.

[0053] During actual sowing, the seed metering mechanism 300 uses a seed scoop 311 to pick up a single peanut seed from the seed filling area of ​​the hopper 220 and put it into the seed guiding channel 323. The peanut seed 1 flows out of the seed guiding channel 323 and falls onto the planting position to achieve the sowing of a single peanut seed 1.

[0054] The control system 500 can acquire the missed planting situation of the seed metering mechanism 300 in real time. When the seed metering mechanism 300 misses a planting, the control system 500 can promptly control the replanting structure to put the replanted peanut seeds 1 into the replanting channel 411 for replanting. The end of the replanting channel 411 is connected to the seed guiding channel 323, so that the replanted peanut seeds 1 can fall into the target planting position of the missed peanut seeds 1. In this way, while reducing the probability of missed planting, it can also reduce the change in planting interval caused by the missed planting of the seed metering mechanism 300, so that the planting spacing of peanut seeds 1 can be kept as equal as possible, which is conducive to achieving precision planting.

[0055] In one embodiment, the control system 500 is also used to adjust the seeding speed of the seeding mechanism 300 according to the driving speed, so as to ensure that the planting spacing is kept as equal as possible.

[0056] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 , Figure 5a , Figure 5b and Figure 5cThe seed dispensing component 310 includes a seed dispensing spoon 311, which has a conical hole 3111 for accommodating a single peanut seed 1. The seed dispensing mechanism 300 includes a driving component 330 for driving the seed dispensing spoon 311 to move from the seed filling area to the seed guiding channel 323, so as to put the peanut seed 1 in the seed dispensing spoon 311 into the seed guiding channel 323.

[0057] In the seed-collecting spoon 311 located in the seed-filling area, the following conditions are met: the cross-section of the upper end of the conical hole 3111 is larger than the cross-section of the lower end; the inclination angle of the centerline of the conical hole 3111 relative to the vertical direction is greater than the static friction angle between the peanut seed and the seed-collecting spoon 311 and less than 45 degrees; the upper end face 3112 of the seed-collecting spoon 311 is perpendicular to the centerline of the conical hole 3111; the maximum diameter of the conical hole 3111 is greater than 1 times the average transverse diameter of the peanut seed 1 and less than 1 times the average longitudinal diameter of the peanut seed 1; and the depth of the conical hole 3111 along the centerline direction is 0.5 to 0.6 times the average longitudinal diameter of the peanut seed 1. By using the conical hole 3111 in conjunction with the peanut seed 1 and limiting the shape and size of the conical hole 3111, it is possible to avoid overfilling or underfilling of peanut seeds 1 in the seed-collecting spoon 311, and also to reduce the probability of peanut seeds 1 falling out of the seed-collecting spoon 311 and causing missed sowing. In addition, the conical hole 3111 is a through hole, so the detached peanut skin and fragments are not easily blocked by the conical hole 3111, which ensures the stability of the combination between the seed spoon 311 and the peanut seed 1.

[0058] In the above embodiment, by constraining the size of the inclined conical hole 3111, a single seed is guided to fall stably into the seed-taking spoon 311 along the longitudinal direction, avoiding two peanut seeds 1 from stacking into the seed-taking spoon 311 along the transverse or longitudinal direction, and avoiding stacked seeds on the upper end face 3112 of the conical hole 3111 that has been filled with a single seed, thus achieving stable single-seed extraction.

[0059] It is worth mentioning that the minimum diameter of the conical hole 3111 is smaller than the average transverse diameter of the peanut seed 1, which can prevent the peanut seed 1 located in the conical hole 3111 from falling from the bottom of the conical hole 3111. That is to say, when the peanut seed 1 is above the lower end face of the seed-collecting spoon 311, the peanut seed 1 will not enter the conical hole 3111. In other words, even if the lower end face of the seed-collecting spoon 311 has a conical hole 3111, the lower end face of the seed-collecting spoon 311 can still play a role in supporting the peanut seed 1. Figure 9 As shown.

[0060] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4The seed dispensing mechanism 300 includes a connecting buckle 312, which is mounted on the timing belt 331. The seed-taking spoon 311 is detachably mounted on the connecting buckle 312. Thus, in practical applications, different seed-taking spoons 311 can be replaced according to the size and model of the peanut seeds 1 to suit the planting of peanut seeds 1 of different sizes and models.

[0061] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5a , Figure 5b , Figure 5c and Figure 9 The driving assembly 330 includes a synchronous belt 331 and a rotation drive 334 that indirectly drives the synchronous belt 331 to rotate. A portion of the synchronous belt 331 is located in the seed filling area. Multiple seed-collecting scoops 311 are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the synchronous belt 331. The seed-collecting and dispensing assembly 310 includes a seed-protecting shell 313 with a limiting cavity 3133. Both the synchronous belt 331 and the seed-collecting scoops 311 are disposed within the limiting cavity 3133, and the distance between the seed-collecting scoops 311 and the inner wall of the limiting cavity 3133 is less than the average transverse diameter of the peanut seeds 1. The seed-guiding channel 323 communicates with the limiting cavity 3133. When the peanut seeds 1 pass through the inlet of the seed-guiding channel 323, the peanut seeds 1 in the seed-collecting scoops 311 can fall into the seed-guiding channel 323.

[0062] The seed-protecting shell 313 has a notch at the position corresponding to the filling area, so that the seed-picking spoon 311 can contact the peanut seeds 1 in the filling area and successfully pick up the peanut seeds 1 in the filling area.

[0063] In one possible implementation, see Figure 3 and Figure 9 The seed protection shell 313 includes a third shell 3131 and a fourth shell 3132 that cooperate with each other, and the aforementioned limiting cavity 3133 is enclosed between the third shell 3131 and the fourth shell 3132.

[0064] In this embodiment, see Figure 9 A seed protection area is formed within the limiting cavity 3133. Within this area, a limiting unit is formed between the synchronous belt 331, the spaced seed-taking spoons 311, and the cavity wall of the limiting cavity 3133. This limiting unit can accommodate peanut seeds 1 and prevent peanut seeds 1 from detaching from the limiting unit, thereby avoiding the situation of peanut seeds from different seed-taking spoons 311 accumulating in one limiting unit, which would lead to reseeding or partial missed sowing.

[0065] It is understandable that when evaluating the overall performance of a peanut planter, the actual plant spacing of the peanut seeds 1 that have fallen into the ground is usually measured directly. If the actual plant spacing is less than 0.5 times the theoretical plant spacing, it is considered double planting, and if it is greater than 1.5 times the theoretical plant spacing, it is considered missed planting.

[0066] In the above embodiment, after peanut seeds 1 are filled into the conical hole 3111 of the seed-taking spoon 311 in the seed-filling area, the seed-taking spoon 311 in the seed-filling area is brought into the seed-protecting area as the synchronous belt 331 rotates. The peanut seeds 1 are separated in the limiting unit between two adjacent seed-taking spoons 311, which can not only prevent the peanut seeds 1 on different seed-taking spoons 311 from being mixed, but also allow the peanut seeds 1 on each seed-taking spoon 311 to pass through the feed port of the seed-guiding channel 323 located at the bottom of the limiting cavity 3133 in sequence, so that the peanut seeds 1 are put into the seed-guiding channel 323 one by one.

[0067] Further, see Figure 3 and Figure 9 The drive assembly 330 also includes a synchronous pulley 332 and a drive shaft 333. Two synchronous pulleys 332 are spaced apart within a limiting cavity 3133. A synchronous belt 331 is fitted onto the two synchronous pulleys 332. The drive shaft 333 is connected to one of the synchronous pulleys 332. A rotation drive member 334 drives the drive shaft 333 to rotate, thereby driving the synchronous belt 331 to rotate. Thus, by controlling the rotation of the rotation drive member 334, the synchronous pulleys 332 and the synchronous belt 331 can be rotated, thereby causing the seed-picking spoon 311 to transfer the peanut seeds 1 from the seed filling area to the feed inlet of the seed guiding channel 323. In this embodiment, the cooperation between the synchronous pulleys 332 and the synchronous belt 331 improves the rotation accuracy of the synchronous belt 331, facilitating precise seed metering.

[0068] In this embodiment, the inlet of the seed guiding channel 323 is connected to the lower part of the limiting cavity 3133. When the peanut seed 1 moves to the bottom of the limiting cavity 3133, the peanut seed 1 can fall into the seed guiding channel 323 to achieve sowing.

[0069] Further, see Figure 3 The seed guide assembly 320 includes a first housing 321 and a second housing 322, which can be fixedly connected by means of clips, bolts, etc.

[0070] In one possible implementation, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 9 The seed guide assembly 320 includes a first housing 321 and a second housing 322. The seed protection shell 313 includes a third housing 3131 and a fourth housing 3132. The first housing 321 and the third housing 3131 are integrally formed as a right housing, and the second housing 322 and the fourth housing 3132 are integrally formed as a left housing. The right housing and the left housing are fixedly connected by means of buckles, bolts, etc.

[0071] In one embodiment, see Figures 6 to 8The replanting structure includes a shell 420, a replanting disc 430, a seed-protecting plate 440, a flexible sweeping component 450, and a replanting drive component 460. The shell 420 is installed below the hopper 220 and has a seed outlet 421. The replanting disc 430 is rotatably installed on the shell 420 and has multiple seed-accepting holes 431 evenly spaced along the circumference. The seed outlet 421 is located below the movement trajectory of the seed-accepting holes 431. The seed-protecting plate 440 is located above the replanting disc 430 and can cover the seed outlet 421 along its projection perpendicular to the shell 420. The flexible sweeping component 450 is installed on both sides of the seed-protecting plate 440 and is used to sweep away peanut seeds 1 located outside the seed-accepting holes 431. The replanting drive component 460 is used to drive the replanting disc 430 to rotate.

[0072] In the above embodiment, the replanting tray 430 is divided into a seed-taking area, a pre-sowing area, and a sowing area in sequence along the rotation direction. The seed outlet 421 is located in the sowing area. As the replanting tray 430 rotates, it can pass through the seed-taking area, the pre-sowing area, and the sowing area in sequence, thereby realizing the seed-taking, replanting detection, and sowing work respectively.

[0073] In the above embodiments, see Figure 7 In the seed-collecting area, the peanut seeds 1 in the hopper 220 can be distributed across the upper surface of the replanting tray 430, thus allowing the peanut seeds 1 to fill each seed-containing hole 431 in the seed-collecting area. In the pre-planting area, the replanting tray 430 in this area is located below the seed-protecting plate 440, and one end of the seed-protecting plate 440 is provided with a flexible sweeping component 450. Therefore, when the replanting tray 430 in the seed-collecting area rotates to the pre-planting area, the excess peanut seeds 1 in the seed-containing holes 431 will be swept away by the flexible sweeping component 450, so that only one peanut seed 1 remains in the seed-containing hole 431. As the replanting tray 430 continues to rotate, the peanut seeds 1 located in the pre-planting area will move to the planting area. When the seed-containing hole 431 of the replanting tray 430 is aligned with the seed outlet 421, the peanut seeds 1 located in the seed-containing hole 431 can fall from the seed outlet 421 and into the replanting channel 411, thereby realizing replanting.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the flexible sweeping component 450 can specifically be a brush.

[0075] Based on precision planting, it is necessary to ensure that the spacing between each peanut seed 1 is equal to achieve equal plant spacing. Therefore, in the above embodiment, it is necessary to ensure that there are peanut seeds 1 in the seed-receiving holes 431 in the pre-planting area. Thus, in this embodiment, a seed replenishment detection sensor 520 is provided in the pre-planting area to detect whether there are peanut seeds 1 in each seed-receiving hole 431 in the pre-planting area. When no peanut seeds 1 are detected in the seed-receiving hole 431, the replenishment drive 460 is controlled to continue driving the replenishment disk 430 to rotate until peanut seeds 1 are detected in the seed-receiving hole 431.

[0076] In practical applications, the replanting drive component 460 can be a motor. For ease of distinction, in the embodiments of this application, the motor is referred to as the replanting motor.

[0077] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the replanting drive 460 can drive the replanting disc 430 to rotate at a constant speed, and replanting can be realized when the seed-containing hole 431 is aligned with the seed outlet 421.

[0078] As an improvement to the above embodiments, see Figure 7 In another embodiment, the seed-receiving holes 431 on the replanting tray 430 are evenly spaced at angles, with the angle interval between two adjacent seed-receiving holes 431 being one unit angle interval, denoted by θ. The replanting drive unit 460 is used to drive the replanting tray 430 to rotate by one unit angle interval each time. The seed detection sensor 520 and the seed outlet 421 can be spaced apart by N unit angle intervals, where N is a positive integer.

[0079] For example, the housing 420 is provided with a detection port 422, and the detection port 422 is provided with a seed replenishment detection sensor 520. The detection port 422 is spaced apart from the seed outlet 421 by a unit angle interval. When the seed replenishment drive 460 receives a rotation control signal, the seed replenishment drive 460 drives the seed replenishment disk 430 to rotate by a unit angle interval, so that the peanut seeds 1 located in the pre-planting area move to the seed outlet 421 to achieve replenishment. Compared with the scheme of driving the seed replenishment disk 430 to rotate at a slower and uniform speed, this embodiment directly controls the seed replenishment disk 430 to rotate by a unit angle interval, which can increase the rotation speed of the seed replenishment disk 430, improve the replenishment efficiency, and thus facilitate precision planting. At the same time, after the seed replenishment disk 430 rotates by a unit angle interval, the seed-receiving hole 431 can be directly aligned with the seed outlet 421, ensuring that the peanut seeds 1 in the seed-receiving hole 431 can fall from the seed outlet 421 into the seed replenishment channel 411.

[0080] In one embodiment, see Figure 7 and Figure 8Each seed-receiving hole 431 has an inclined surface 4311 at one end, which guides the peanut seed 1 into the seed-receiving hole 431. The other end of the seed-receiving hole 431 has a stop block, which prevents a single peanut seed 1 from detaching from the seed-receiving hole 431 from above. This ensures that there is exactly one peanut seed 1 in each seed-receiving hole 431 within the pre-planting area, facilitating single-seed replanting.

[0081] See Figure 10 The control method for the peanut planter in this application includes the following steps:

[0082] S110, obtain the travel speed of the walking device, control the seed dispensing speed of the seed dispensing mechanism 300 according to the travel speed, and obtain whether peanut seeds 1 are passing through the seed guiding channel 323;

[0083] S120, when no peanut seed 1 passes through the seed channel 323, the replanting structure is controlled to put peanut seed 1 into the replanting channel 411.

[0084] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 The control system 500 includes a controller 530 and a missed seed detection sensor 510 and a supplementary seed detection sensor 520, both electrically connected to the controller 530. The missed seed detection sensor 510 is installed between the seed outlet 421 of the supplementary seeding structure and the inlet of the seed guide channel 323. The supplementary seed detection sensor 520 is installed on the side of the housing 420 away from the supplementary seeding tray 430, and its projection perpendicular to the housing 420 is located on the seed protection plate 440. The housing 420 is provided with a detection port 422. The supplementary seed detection sensor 520 detects whether there are peanut seeds 1 to be supplemented in the seed-containing hole 431 through the detection port 422. When the missed seed detection sensor 510 detects a missing signal of peanut seeds 1, the controller 530 determines that the seeding mechanism 300 has missed a seeding. At this time, the controller 530 controls the supplementary seeding drive 460 to rotate, so that the peanut seeds 1 located in the pre-sowing area rotate to the seed outlet 421 to realize supplementary seeding.

[0085] In the above embodiment, since the missed seed detection sensor 510 is installed between the seed outlet 421 of the replanting structure and the feed inlet of the seed guiding channel 323, that is, the installation height of the missed seed detection sensor 510 is higher than the seed outlet 421 of the replanting structure, the time difference of replanting can be shortened, which is conducive to making the planting position of the replanted peanut seeds 1 consistent with the expected planting position of the missed peanut seeds 1, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the planting spacing.

[0086] In this embodiment, both the missed seed detection sensor 510 and the supplementary seed detection sensor 520 are photoelectric sensors used to determine the seed collection status of the corresponding detection area and transmit the missing signal or the in-place signal to the controller 530.

[0087] As described above, in some embodiments of this application, the control system 500 is also used to adjust the seeding speed of the seeding mechanism 300 according to the traveling speed of the walking device, so as to ensure that the planting spacing is kept as equal as possible.

[0088] In one possible implementation, see Figure 1 The control system 500 includes a speed measuring radar 540, which is electrically connected to the controller 530. The speed measuring radar 540 is used to detect the travel speed of the walking device. The controller 530 is used to calculate the target rotation speed of the seed metering mechanism 300 based on the plant spacing and travel speed, and controls the drive shaft 333 of the seed metering mechanism 300 to rotate according to the target rotation speed of the seed metering mechanism 300, so as to realize the release of peanut seeds 1.

[0089] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The control system 500 includes a touch screen 550 and a controller 530. The rotation drive 334 is specifically a motor, referred to as the seeding motor for easy distinction. The output end of the seeding motor is connected to the drive shaft 333, which drives the synchronous belt 331 to rotate via the synchronous pulley 332. Figure 9 As shown. In this embodiment, for further details, the two synchronous pulleys 332 are a driving pulley and a driven pulley, respectively. The driving pulley is connected to the drive shaft 333, and the driven pulley is rotatably mounted inside the seed protection shell 313 via a rotating shaft. The synchronous belt 331 is sleeved on the driving pulley and the driven pulley, as shown. Figure 9 As shown.

[0090] In practical applications, users input information such as plant spacing into the controller 530 via the touchscreen 550. The speed measuring radar 540 is used to acquire the travel speed information of the seed metering device and transmit it to the controller 530. The controller 530 calculates the rotational speed of the seed metering motor of the seed metering mechanism 300 based on the plant spacing and travel speed information, and then controls the motor driver to output pulse signals to drive the seed metering motor to rotate.

[0091] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 9 The seed supply mechanism 200 includes a movable baffle 230, which is installed inside the seed box 210. The aforementioned seed filling area is formed between the bottom of the movable baffle 230 and the hopper 220. By adjusting the installation height of the movable baffle 230 in the vertical direction, the seed layer height in the seed filling area can be changed. Figure 9In the middle, the Z direction is the vertical direction. Thus, by adjusting the height of the movable baffle 230, the height of the seed layer in the seed filling area can be changed, thereby adjusting the height of the seed picking and dispensing component 310 of the seed metering mechanism 300 through the peanut seed population, which is beneficial to ensure that each seed picking spoon 311 in the seed filling area picks up peanut seeds 1.

[0092] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 9 The seed supply mechanism 200 includes a partition 240, which is disposed above the hopper 220 and on the side of the hopper 220 away from the seed dispensing component 310. As shown in the figure, a notch is defined between the partition 240 and the movable baffle 230, which is positioned towards the side closer to the seed dispensing component 310. In this way, peanut seeds 1 in the seed box 210 can accumulate towards the seed dispensing component 310, so that the peanut seeds 1 fall into the conical hole 3111 of the seed dispensing spoon 311 located in the seed filling area.

[0093] The following describes in detail, with a specific embodiment, the peanut single-seed precision seeding device of this application. It is to be understood that the following embodiment is merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0094] See Figures 1 to 11 In this embodiment, the working process of the peanut single-seed precision seeding device is as follows:

[0095] (1) Before sowing, add sufficient peanut seeds 1 into the seed box 210 of the seed supply mechanism 200, adjust the position of the movable baffle 230 to maintain a suitable seed layer height in the filling area, install a seed scoop 311 that matches the seed size on the connecting buckle 312, and input the sowing spacing L through the touch screen 550.

[0096] (2) When the seeding device starts to move, the speed is detected by the speed measuring radar 540. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] In the formula, Speed ​​is measured in units of 1000 rpm. ; For the speed of light ( ) ; This represents the Doppler frequency shift, measured in units of... ; The frequency of the radar signal, in units of ; The angle between the radar beam direction and the target's direction of motion, in units of . .

[0099] (3) Based on the device's travel speed Calculate the rotational speed of the seed metering motor of the seed metering mechanism 300. The formula is as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] In the formula, The rotational speed of the seed metering mechanism is 300 rpm, in units of... ; The device's travel speed is expressed in units of 1. ; , and These are the spacing between adjacent seed-taking spoons 311 in the seed metering mechanism 300, the pitch circle diameter of the drive wheel in the seed metering mechanism 300, and the sowing plant spacing, respectively.

[0102] (4) The controller 530 drives the seeding motor in the seeding mechanism 300 according to the angular velocity. The rotation, driven by the synchronous belt 331, causes the cone hole 3111 in the seed-collecting spoon 311 in the seed-filling area to take out one peanut seed 1 one by one, and then discharge them through the seed protection area and the seed-guiding area respectively.

[0103] (5) After the seed metering device starts to move, the controller 530 drives the seeding motor of the seeding mechanism 400 to rotate one unit angle interval each time, so that peanut seeds 1 are filled into the seed-containing hole 431 passing through the seed-taking area. Then, the excess seeds are removed by the brush until the seed detection sensor 520 detects that there are peanut seeds in the pre-planting area of ​​the seeding mechanism 400.

[0104] (6) When the missed seed detection sensor 510 detects that the seed scoop 311 in the seed guiding area has not released any seeds, the controller 530 drives the replanting motor to rotate by one unit angle interval, so that the peanut seed 1 passes through the seed outlet 421 of the replanting structure and is discharged through the seed guiding area of ​​the replanting channel 411 and the seed guiding channel 323. Repeat steps (5) and (6).

[0105] (7) Repeat steps (1)-(6) to achieve single-seed precision sowing of peanut seed 1.

[0106] Compared with the prior art, this embodiment has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0107] (1) An movable baffle 230 is set in the seed box 210 to adjust the height of the peanut seed layer in the filling area, maintain the consistency of the population flow during the filling of seeds into each seed scoop 311, and ensure the stability of the filling quality.

[0108] (2) The seed-taking spoon 311 has an inclined conical hole 3111 inside. The structural size constraint of the conical hole 3111 is used to achieve precise single seed taking. It is highly adaptable to peanut seeds 1 with certain shape and size differences, and has the advantages of simple structure and not easy to damage the seeds.

[0109] (3) The seed scoop 311 is installed on the synchronous belt 331 by the connecting buckle 312. For peanut seeds 1 of different varieties and large size differences, the seed scoop 311 that matches the size of peanut seeds 1 can be quickly replaced, which has good versatility.

[0110] (4) The seeding mechanism 300 and the replanting mechanism 400 can be coordinated by the control system 500 to solve the problem of missed seeding and realize single-seed precision seeding operation.

[0111] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A peanut single-seed precision seed metering device, characterized in that, It includes a frame, a seed supply mechanism, a seed metering mechanism, a reseeding mechanism, and a control system, among which, The frame is used to connect to the walking device; The seed supply mechanism includes a seed box and a hopper. The seed box is mounted on the frame, and the hopper is located below the seed box. The seed box has a cavity for holding peanut seeds, and a seed filling area is formed between the seed box and the hopper. The seed dispensing mechanism includes a seed picking and dispensing component, a seed guiding component, and a driving component. The seed picking and dispensing component is partially located in the seed filling area. The seed picking and dispensing component includes a seed picking spoon with a conical hole for accommodating a single peanut seed. The seed guiding component forms a seed guiding channel. The driving component drives the seed picking spoon to move from the seed filling area toward the seed guiding channel to dispense the peanut seed from the seed picking spoon into the seed guiding channel. The replanting mechanism includes a replanting structure and a replanting pipe. The replanting structure is located at the bottom of the hopper, and the replanting pipe has a replanting channel that is connected to the seed guiding channel. The replanting structure is used to deliver peanut seeds from the filling area into the replanting channel one by one. The control system is used to acquire the missed seeding information of the seed collection and delivery component in real time and control the replanting structure to put peanut seeds into the replanting channel according to the missed seeding information. In the seed-collecting spoon located in the seed filling area, the following conditions are met: the cross-section of the upper end of the conical hole is larger than the cross-section of the lower end; the inclination angle of the centerline of the conical hole relative to the vertical direction is greater than the static friction angle between the peanut seed and the seed-collecting spoon and less than 45 degrees; the upper end face of the seed-collecting spoon is perpendicular to the centerline of the conical hole; the maximum diameter of the conical hole is greater than 1 times the average transverse diameter of the peanut seed and less than 1 times the average longitudinal diameter of the peanut seed; and the depth of the conical hole along the centerline direction is 0.5 to 0.6 times the average longitudinal diameter of the peanut seed.

2. The peanut single-seed precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving assembly includes a synchronous belt and a rotational drive component that indirectly drives the synchronous belt to rotate. The synchronous belt portion is located in the seed filling area. There are multiple seed-taking scoops, which are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the synchronous belt. The seed-taking and dispensing assembly includes a seed-protecting shell with a limiting cavity. The synchronous belt and the seed-taking scoops are both disposed within the limiting cavity, and the distance between the seed-taking scoops and the inner wall of the limiting cavity is less than the average transverse diameter of the peanut seeds. The seed-guiding channel is connected to the limiting cavity.

3. The peanut single-seed precision seeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a timing pulley and a drive shaft. There are two timing pulleys, which are spaced apart within the limiting cavity. The timing belt is sleeved on the two timing pulleys. The drive shaft is connected to one of the timing pulleys. The rotation drive is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate, thereby driving the timing belt to rotate.

4. The peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The replanting structure includes a shell, a replanting disc, a seed-protecting plate, a flexible sweeping component, and a replanting drive component. The shell is installed below the hopper and has a seed outlet. The replanting disc is rotatably mounted on the shell and has multiple seed-accepting holes evenly spaced along its circumference. The seed outlet is located below the movement trajectory of the seed-accepting holes. The seed-protecting plate is positioned above the replanting disc and covers the seed outlet along its projection perpendicular to the end face of the shell. The flexible sweeping component is installed on both sides of the seed-protecting plate and is used to sweep away peanut seeds located outside the seed-accepting holes. The replanting drive component is used to drive the replanting disc to rotate.

5. The peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the seed-accepting holes has an inclined surface at one end, which is used to guide peanut seeds into the seed-accepting hole. The other end of the seed-accepting hole is provided with a stop block, which is used to prevent a single peanut seed from leaving the seed-accepting hole.

6. The peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control system includes a controller and a missed seed detection sensor and a supplementary seed detection sensor, which are electrically connected to the controller. The missed seed detection sensor is installed between the seed outlet of the supplementary seeding structure and the feed inlet of the seed guiding channel. The supplementary seed detection sensor is installed on the side of the housing away from the supplementary seeding tray, and the supplementary seed detection sensor is located on the seed protection plate along a projection perpendicular to the housing. The housing is provided with a detection port, and the supplementary seed detection sensor detects whether there are peanut seeds to be supplemented in the seed-containing hole through the detection port.

7. The peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control system includes a speed measuring radar, which is electrically connected to the controller. The speed measuring radar is used to detect the travel speed of the walking device. The controller is used to calculate the target rotation speed of the seed metering mechanism based on the plant spacing and the travel speed, and to control the drive shaft of the seed metering mechanism to rotate according to the target rotation speed of the seed metering mechanism.

8. The peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seed dispensing mechanism includes a connecting buckle, which is mounted on the timing belt, and the seed-collecting spoon is detachably mounted on the connecting buckle.

9. The peanut single-kernel precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed supply mechanism includes a movable baffle installed inside the seed box. The seed filling area is formed between the bottom of the movable baffle and the hopper. By adjusting the installation height of the movable baffle in the vertical direction, the seed layer height in the seed filling area can be changed.

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