An environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology

Abstract

The present application provides an environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology, relating to the technical field of marine ecological environment protection. First, benthic biological samples are collected through marine ecological environment investigation and distribution characteristics are recorded to generate benthic biological distribution data; based on this, the biological community structure is analyzed and the ecological sensitivity is evaluated to determine the coral transplantation species list and transplantation area coordinates to generate a coral transplantation plan; then, a coral-microorganism symbiotic system is constructed in the transplantation area using microbial group reinforcement transplantation technology to generate symbiotic system three-dimensional coordinate data; finally, the suspended matter control device is laid out to limit the migration of pollutants to the symbiotic area in combination with the engineering construction time sequence and symbiotic system coordinate data. This method improves the survival rate of corals through microbial reinforcement, precisely controls the diffusion of suspended matter, and achieves the minimum disturbance of engineering and the optimization of ecological restoration in steep terrain areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine ecological environment protection technology, and in particular to an environmental restoration method based on coral transplantation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Marine engineering projects in tropical waters pose a severe challenge to the protection of coral reef ecosystems. Traditional engineering solutions often employ centralized water intake structures, requiring large-scale excavation of the reef platform, directly damaging coral habitats and benthic communities. Suspended solids generated during construction are dispersed by ocean currents, further contributing to coral bleaching and death. Particularly in the abruptly changing reef edges, complex hydrodynamic conditions exacerbate the uncontrollability of suspended solids migration. Existing technologies struggle to accurately quantify the extent of ecological impact and lack systematic remediation solutions. For example, in seawater intake projects, where the intake head is located within coral reef distribution areas and Eucheuma protection zones, there is an urgent need for an environmental remediation method that can balance structural safety and ecological protection throughout the entire construction process, achieving the dual goals of "minimizing ecological disturbance" and "precise remediation." Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention proposes an environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology, comprising: S1: Based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, benthic organism samples are collected and their distribution characteristics are recorded through marine ecological environment survey methods to generate benthic organism distribution data; S2: Based on benthic organism distribution data, analyze the biological community structure and assess ecological sensitivity through ecological data analysis methods, determine the list of coral transplant species and the coordinates of the transplant area, and generate a coral transplant plan. S3: Based on the coral transplantation project, a coral-microbe symbiotic system is constructed at the coordinates of the transplantation area using microbiome-enhanced transplantation technology, generating three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system. S4: Based on the time sequence information of engineering construction activities and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, control devices are deployed within the scope of the project's influence through measures to prevent the spread of suspended matter, thereby restricting the migration of suspended matter to the symbiotic system area.

[0004] In some implementations, S1 includes: S1.1: Based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, a three-dimensional laser scan of the coral reef habitat is performed using underwater ROV equipment to generate a reef topographic point cloud dataset; S1.2: Based on the reef topographic point cloud dataset, sampling points are deployed in steep change areas and gentle areas using a gridded sampling algorithm to generate an ecological sampling coordinate set; S1.3: Based on the ecological sampling coordinate set, obtain coral coverage and Euphorbia dendrite density data through a benthic organism collector, and generate benthic organism distribution data including boundary parameters of ecologically sensitive areas.

[0005] In some implementations, S1.2 also includes: based on the tidal cycle data of mangrove mudflats, setting dynamic sampling points in the intertidal zone through a multi-phase sampling strategy to generate a tidal-related sampling coordinate set; S1.3 also includes: based on the tidal correlation sampling coordinate set, the sediment particle size distribution of sandy coasts is recorded by a sediment particle size analyzer to generate benthic organism distribution data with an additional sediment correlation matrix.

[0006] In some implementations, S2 includes: S2.1: Based on benthic organism distribution data, the coordinate set of ecologically degraded areas is identified by comparing historical coral reef distribution databases using a spatiotemporal comparison algorithm; S2.2: Based on the coordinate set of ecologically degraded areas, calculate the priority weight value of coral transplantation through a vulnerability assessment model; S2.3: Based on priority weight values, generate a coral transplantation plan that includes a heatmap of the transplantation area using a species adaptation algorithm.

[0007] In some implementations, S2.2 also includes: determining the coordinates of the microbial pre-cultivation area based on a coral symbiotic microbiome database through community compatibility analysis; S2.3 also includes: based on the coordinates of the microbial pre-culture area, marking the microbial enhancement zones on the heat map of the transplantation area to generate a microbial-enhanced coral transplantation plan.

[0008] In some implementations, S3 includes: S3.1: Based on the list of transplant species in the coral transplantation project, analyze the characteristic spectrum of symbiotic microbiota in the native reef area using gene sequencing technology; S3.2: Based on the characteristic spectrum of symbiotic microbial communities, a microbial carrier matrix is ​​preloaded into the target transplantation area using a constant temperature incubation chamber; S3.3: Based on a microbial carrier matrix, coral fragments are implanted into a pre-cultivation matrix using an underwater robotic arm; S3.4: Based on the flow velocity data collected by the hydrodynamic sensor, the frequency of the release pulse of the bacterial community is controlled by the piezoelectric micropump to generate a symbiotic bacterial community colonization report; S3.5: Based on the colonization report of symbiotic microbial communities, the symbiotic effect of microorganisms is verified by a spectral analyzer, and three-dimensional coordinate data of the coral-microorganism symbiotic system is generated.

[0009] In some implementations, the microbial carrier matrix in S3.2 is a porous basalt matrix, with hydroxyapatite nutrients loaded through nano-coating technology; S3.4 also includes: optimizing the deployment location of piezoelectric micropumps based on the reef topographic point cloud dataset; S3.5 also includes: recording the coordinates of the coral attachment substrate using a three-dimensional imaging system to generate a spatial topology map of the symbiotic system.

[0010] In some implementations, S4 includes: S4.1: Based on the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, a predicted map of the migration path of suspended matter is generated through a fluid dynamics model; S4.2: Based on the predicted migration path of suspended matter, the tilt angle and pore distribution parameters of the curtain barrier are calculated using an intelligent optimization algorithm; S4.3: Based on pore distribution parameters, deploy curtain-type barrier devices along the perimeter of the engineering activity area using an underwater automatic paving vessel; S4.4: Real-time collection of suspended solids concentration in the protected area using a turbidity sensor array to generate a suspended solids blocking effectiveness monitoring dataset.

[0011] In some implementations, S4.2 also includes: using a laser locator to calibrate the coordinates of the annular protective barrier around the pre-cultivation area based on the coordinates of the microbial enhancement zone; S4.3 also includes: adding a double-layer intelligent curtain system based on the coordinates of the ring-shaped protective barrier; S4.4 also includes: generating a dynamic protection adjustment instruction set based on the suspended matter blocking performance monitoring dataset.

[0012] In some implementations, S4 also includes: S4.5: Based on seabed topographic scanning data, the vibration suppression module of the ecological dredging equipment controls the sediment disturbance intensity parameters; S4.6: Based on the dynamic protection adjustment instruction set, the permeability of the curtain barrier is changed through the electromagnetic adjustment unit; S4.7: Based on the sediment disturbance intensity parameters and barrier permeability, construction control parameters are integrated through an IoT platform to generate a low-disturbance construction certification map.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Step S1, based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, collects benthic organism samples and records their distribution characteristics through marine ecological environment surveys, generating benthic organism distribution data. This step establishes an ecological baseline database for the engineering area for the first time, accurately identifying the spatial distribution of sensitive resources such as coral reefs and Euphorbia tirucalli, providing an irreplaceable baseline basis for subsequent transplantation area selection, and avoiding the traditional extensive model of "destroying first and then repairing".

[0014] Step S2, based on benthic organism distribution data, analyzes the biological community structure and assesses ecological sensitivity using ecological data analysis methods to determine the list of coral transplant species and the coordinates of the transplantation area, generating a coral transplantation plan. This step quantifies ecological sensitivity into actionable transplantation parameters, ensuring the ecological compatibility of the transplanted species with the target area. This technology has enabled the development of differentiated transplantation plans for Euphorbia milii conservation areas and degraded coral reef areas, significantly improving species survival rates.

[0015] Step S3, based on the coral transplantation plan, utilizes microbiome-enhanced transplantation technology to construct a coral-microbe symbiotic system at the coordinates of the transplantation area, generating three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system. This step innovatively introduces microbial symbiosis into the transplantation process, leveraging the microbial community to enhance coral resilience and overcome the high mortality rate caused by the environmental adaptation period in traditional transplantation. The generated three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system precisely delineates the protection target area for subsequent suspended matter control.

[0016] Step S4, based on the timeline information of engineering construction activities and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, deploys control devices within the project's influence area using methods to prevent the spread of suspended matter, thus restricting its migration into the symbiotic system region. This step, through a dual-dimensional spatiotemporal protective design, blocks suspended matter from entering the symbiotic system's coordinate system. In practice, after the deployment of the control devices, the spread range of suspended matter was reduced, and the coral damage rate decreased, achieving dynamic synergy between "construction and restoration."

[0017] The four steps form a closed-loop technology chain: the ecological baseline data of S1 drives the scientific transplantation planning of S2; the transplantation coordinates of S2 guide the construction of the symbiotic system in S3; and the three-dimensional coordinate data of S3 provides spatial anchors for the precise prevention and control of S4. Ultimately, under the conditions of steeply changing topography and highly sensitive ecological marine areas, a breakthrough has been achieved in unifying "minimizing engineering disturbance" and "pre-emptive ecological restoration," providing a reusable technological paradigm for similar marine engineering projects. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of an environmental restoration method based on coral transplantation technology according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes an environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology, comprising: S1: Based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, benthic organism samples are collected and their distribution characteristics are recorded through marine ecological environment survey methods to generate benthic organism distribution data; S2: Based on benthic organism distribution data, analyze the biological community structure and assess ecological sensitivity through ecological data analysis methods, determine the list of coral transplant species and the coordinates of the transplant area, and generate a coral transplant plan. S3: Based on the coral transplantation project, a coral-microbe symbiotic system is constructed at the coordinates of the transplantation area using microbiome-enhanced transplantation technology, generating three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system. S4: Based on the time sequence information of engineering construction activities and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, control devices are deployed within the scope of the project's influence through measures to prevent the spread of suspended matter, thereby restricting the migration of suspended matter to the symbiotic system area.

[0023] Specifically, the environmental restoration method based on coral transplantation technology first initiates a marine ecological environment survey based on the geographical location information of the project area. This step involves collecting benthic organism samples using specialized underwater equipment, simultaneously recording distribution characteristics such as coral coverage and *Euphorbia milii* density. Taking a water intake project as an example, the survey area covers the coral reef distribution area and the experimental area of ​​the provincial-level *Euphorbia milii* reserve, employing a grid-based sampling strategy to ensure spatial representativeness of the data. The generated benthic organism distribution data includes boundary parameters of ecologically sensitive areas, laying a quantitative foundation for subsequent steps. The core technology at this stage lies in establishing a precise ecological baseline database, which, unlike traditional experience-based estimation methods, avoids deviations in target area positioning due to data gaps.

[0024] Ecological data analysis methods were then used to deeply analyze benthic organism distribution data. Key species symbiotic relationships were identified through community structure models, and the vulnerability level of the region was assessed using historical ecological databases. This method can distinguish between degraded and healthy coral reef areas, thereby determining a list of transplantable species such as staghorn corals and littoral corals, and selecting low-velocity, gentle-slope areas as transplantation coordinates based on hydrodynamic simulation results. The generated coral transplantation plan includes a species adaptation matrix and a heatmap coordinate set, ensuring that the transplantation scheme matches the ecological carrying capacity of the target marine area. This step translates ecological sensitivity into actionable engineering parameters, significantly improving the survival expectation of transplanted species.

[0025] Microbiome-enhanced transplantation technology is the core of constructing coral-microbe symbiotic systems. Based on the species list in the transplantation plan, symbiotic microbiota are extracted from the native reef area for gene sequencing to obtain characteristic phylogenetic data. A porous basalt substrate pre-loaded in a temperature-controlled cultivation chamber is transported to the target location, where hydroxyapatite nutrients are released slowly through a nano-coating technology. After an underwater robotic arm implants coral fragments into this substrate, a piezoelectric micropump regulates the microbial release frequency based on real-time flow rate data, accelerating the colonization of the symbiotic microbiota. The final generated three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system includes the spatial topological relationship of the coral attachment substrate, providing precise spatial anchors for suspended matter control.

[0026] The timing information of engineering construction activities and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system jointly drive the control of suspended matter diffusion. A fluid dynamics model is used to simulate the migration path of suspended matter, and curtain-type barrier devices are deployed around the perimeter of the engineering activity area. Intelligent optimization algorithms are employed to calculate the barrier tilt angle and pore distribution, significantly improving the interception efficiency compared to traditional methods. A turbidity sensor array monitors the suspended matter concentration within the protected area in real time, dynamically adjusting the barrier parameters. This method strictly limits the diffusion range of suspended matter outside the symbiotic system coordinates, thus reducing coral damage rates.

[0027] For the first time, the distribution data of benthic organisms established through marine ecological environment surveys has achieved a holographic understanding of the ecological baseline of the engineering area, avoiding the risk of resource omissions in traditional extensive surveys. The community structure analysis capabilities of ecological data analysis methods quantify biological sensitivity as a transplantation priority parameter, enabling differentiated restoration plans for Euphorbia milii protected areas and coral degradation areas. Microbiome-enhanced transplantation technology shortens the coral's environmental adaptation period through microbial pre-cultivation, and three-dimensional coordinate data provides centimeter-level spatial benchmarks for the deployment of control devices. The suspended matter diffusion control measures rely on a dual spatiotemporal protection mechanism to keep the concentration of suspended matter during construction within the coral's tolerance threshold. These four steps form a closed-loop chain of "survey-planning-restoration-protection," achieving a dual breakthrough in reducing the scope of construction disturbance and increasing the success rate of ecological restoration in areas with abruptly changing topography. The synergistic effect of this method provides a reusable technological paradigm for engineering projects in highly sensitive marine areas, especially suitable for marine water intake projects that require consideration of both structural safety and ecological protection.

[0028] In some implementations, S1 includes: S1.1: Based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, a three-dimensional laser scan of the coral reef habitat is performed using underwater ROV equipment to generate a reef topographic point cloud dataset; S1.2: Based on the reef topographic point cloud dataset, sampling points are deployed in steep change areas and gentle areas using a gridded sampling algorithm to generate an ecological sampling coordinate set; S1.3: Based on the ecological sampling coordinate set, obtain coral coverage and Euphorbia dendrite density data through a benthic organism collector, and generate benthic organism distribution data including boundary parameters of ecologically sensitive areas.

[0029] Specifically, based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, an ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) equipped with a 3D laser scanner was used to conduct full-topographic mapping of the coral reef habitat, generating a high-precision reef topographic point cloud dataset. This dataset clearly shows the abrupt slope changes in the reef edge (e.g., slope zones from 1:1.3 to 1:2.1). A gridded sampling algorithm was then used to divide the survey area into equal-area grid cells, with sampling points densely distributed in steeply changing areas and uniformly distributed in gentler areas, forming an ecological sampling coordinate set. This design ensures sampling coverage in areas with complex terrain and avoids data distortion caused by traditional uniform point distribution.

[0030] Benthic organism samplers acquire samples based on a set of ecological sampling coordinates. For example, hydraulic grab samplers collect samples of coral bedrock attachment in steeply transitional areas, while box samplers collect samples of *Euphorbia lactea* and benthic communities in gentler areas. The collected data is integrated through a GIS (Geographic Information System) platform to generate benthic organism distribution data that includes boundary parameters of ecologically sensitive areas, where coral coverage and *Euphorbia lactea* density data are linked to specific geographic coordinates. This data layer provides key boundary constraints for subsequent transplantation site selection, such as identifying the boundary between the core area and experimental area of ​​the *Euphorbia lactea* protected area.

[0031] Alternatively, 3D laser scanning can be replaced by multibeam sonar topographic mapping, and the gridded sampling algorithm can be replaced by Kriging spatial interpolation.

[0032] The point cloud dataset generated by 3D laser scanning overcomes the limitations of traditional 2D topographic maps, accurately capturing the micro-topographic features of abrupt reef transition zones. A gridded sampling algorithm dynamically adjusts the sampling density based on topographic complexity, increasing the data volume in abrupt transition zones compared to gentler areas, ensuring the representativeness of ecological samples in complex hydrodynamic zones. Benthic organism collectors are adapted to different habitats, and the generated distribution data includes spatial boundary parameters, preventing transplantation projects from entering ecologically restricted areas. This method successfully avoids the core intertidal zone of mangrove mudflats, locating the transplantation target area in areas with ecological restoration potential. The coupled analysis of point cloud data and biological distribution achieves, for the first time, 3D visualization of the ecological sensitivity of the engineering marine area, providing a millimeter-level spatial benchmark for subsequent steps.

[0033] In some implementations, S1.2 also includes: based on the tidal cycle data of mangrove mudflats, setting dynamic sampling points in the intertidal zone through a multi-phase sampling strategy to generate a tidal-related sampling coordinate set; S1.3 also includes: based on the tidal correlation sampling coordinate set, the sediment particle size distribution of sandy coasts is recorded by a sediment particle size analyzer to generate benthic organism distribution data with an additional sediment correlation matrix.

[0034] Specifically, based on the tide table of mangrove mudflats, a multi-phase sampling strategy sets dynamic sampling points within the tidal cycle. For example, in a certain project, benthic organisms in the supratidal zone were collected at high tide, and additional sampling points were added in the exposed intertidal zone at low tide, generating a tidal-related sampling coordinate set. This strategy solves the problem of traditional static sampling missing the distribution of organisms in the tidal transition zone, such as discovering a unique coral larval community in a tidal channel in a mudflat area.

[0035] A sediment grain size analyzer simultaneously records the sediment grain size distribution. In sandy coastal areas located by tidal-correlated sampling coordinate sets, a laser diffractometer analyzes the proportion of sand and silt in the sediment samples, generating benthic organism distribution data in an additional sediment correlation matrix. For example, the attachment rate of coral larvae is significantly higher in coarse sand areas than in fine sand areas, and this correlation provides a scientific basis for the selection of transplantation substrate sites.

[0036] The multi-phase sampling strategy dynamically covers traditional sampling blind spots through tidal cycles. The tidal correlation coordinate set reveals the coupling pattern between biological distribution and tidal level changes, giving benthic biological distribution data a temporal dimension. The correlation matrix established by sediment grain size analysis quantifies the impact of the sedimentary environment on biological habitats, such as the attachment dominance rate of coral larvae on coarse sandy substrates. This combination of technologies can successfully identify tidal channel ecological corridors, avoid sediment disturbance in the area during construction, and reduce the risk of connectivity disruption in the Euphorbia milii protected area.

[0037] In some implementations, S2 includes: S2.1: Based on benthic organism distribution data, the coordinate set of ecologically degraded areas is identified by comparing historical coral reef distribution databases using a spatiotemporal comparison algorithm; S2.2: Based on the coordinate set of ecologically degraded areas, calculate the priority weight value of coral transplantation through a vulnerability assessment model; S2.3: Based on priority weight values, generate a coral transplantation plan that includes a heatmap of the transplantation area using a species adaptation algorithm.

[0038] Specifically, based on benthic organism distribution data, the spatiotemporal comparison algorithm calls upon historical coral reef distribution databases (such as a ten-year remote sensing image database of a certain area) to identify the coordinate set of ecologically degraded areas through change detection. For example, the algorithm marks the coordinates of coral bleaching areas caused by aquaculture pollution, creating spatial isolation from healthy areas.

[0039] The vulnerability assessment model then calculates transplantation priorities. This model integrates hydrodynamic parameters, historical water quality data, and biological community indices to output coral transplantation priority weights. In a degraded area, the weight value for high-flow-rate areas is lower than that for low-flow-rate, gentle-slope areas, reflecting the impact of environmental stability on transplantation survival rates. The species adaptation algorithm ultimately generates a transplantation plan containing a heatmap, where red highlighted areas represent preferred transplantation target sites.

[0040] Spatiotemporal comparison algorithms accurately locate ecologically degraded areas caused by human interference by overlaying historical and current data. Multi-factor ensemble analysis in vulnerability assessment models avoids misjudgments based on single indicators; for example, a high-velocity area with low coral coverage may be excluded as a preferred transplantation site due to excessively strong currents. Heat maps generated by species adaptation algorithms transform ecological parameters into engineering implementation coordinates, guiding construction vessels to avoid highly vulnerable areas and significantly improving coral survival rates compared to traditional experience-based site selection.

[0041] In some implementations, S2.2 also includes: determining the coordinates of the microbial pre-cultivation area based on a coral symbiotic microbiome database through community compatibility analysis; S2.3 also includes: based on the coordinates of the microbial pre-culture area, marking the microbial enhancement zones on the heat map of the transplantation area to generate a microbial-enhanced coral transplantation plan.

[0042] Specifically, based on coral symbiotic microbiome databases (such as the Hainan Coral Microbiome Database), community compatibility analysis compares the characteristics of the symbiotic microbiota of the coral to be transplanted with the microbial composition of the target sea area to determine the coordinates of the microbial pre-cultivation zone. For example, if the target area lacks staghorn coral-specific symbiotic bacteria, a pre-cultivation zone is established upstream of the transplantation area accordingly.

[0043] The microbial-enhanced coral transplantation plan was developed accordingly. The coordinates of the pre-cultivation area were marked on the transplantation area heat map, and microbial community enhancement zones were planned simultaneously. In actual implementation, the target strains were implanted into the pre-cultivation area in advance to form a microbial enrichment zone before transplanting coral fragments.

[0044] Community compatibility analysis overcomes the limitations of traditional transplantation methods that neglect microbial matching, and the establishment of a pre-culture zone ensures that corals receive symbiotic microbial support immediately upon implantation. Microbial-enhanced zoning design shortens the coral's environmental adaptation period, and the survival rate of transplanted corals in the pre-culture zone is higher than that in the direct transplantation zone. This technology effectively solves the problem of coral mortality caused by uneven microbial diffusion in abruptly changing terrain.

[0045] In some implementations, S3 includes: S3.1: Based on the list of transplant species in the coral transplantation project, analyze the characteristic spectrum of symbiotic microbiota in the native reef area using gene sequencing technology; S3.2: Based on the characteristic spectrum of symbiotic microbial communities, a microbial carrier matrix is ​​preloaded into the target transplantation area using a constant temperature incubation chamber; S3.3: Based on a microbial carrier matrix, coral fragments are implanted into a pre-cultivation matrix using an underwater robotic arm; S3.4: Based on the flow velocity data collected by the hydrodynamic sensor, the frequency of the release pulse of the bacterial community is controlled by the piezoelectric micropump to generate a symbiotic bacterial community colonization report; S3.5: Based on the colonization report of symbiotic microbial communities, the symbiotic effect of microorganisms is verified by a spectral analyzer, and three-dimensional coordinate data of the coral-microorganism symbiotic system is generated.

[0046] Specifically, based on the list of species to be transplanted in the coral transplantation program, gene sequencing technology first analyzes the characteristic profile of the symbiotic microbiota in the native reef area. In some embodiments, DNA extraction and metagenomic sequencing of mucus from staghorn coral samples identify the abundance characteristics of key symbiotic bacteria such as *Streptomyces*. This characteristic profile reveals the correlation between the microbiota and environmental factors; for example, microbiota in high-velocity areas exhibit stronger expression of attachment genes. A constant-temperature incubation chamber is then pre-loaded with a microbial carrier matrix in the target transplantation area. This matrix is ​​a porous basalt substrate, whose internal pore structure is loaded with hydroxyapatite nutrients through nano-coating technology, forming a slow-release microenvironment.

[0047] An underwater robotic arm implants coral fragments into a pre-cultivation substrate based on transplantation coordinates. During the operation, the robotic arm's end gripper precisely grasps the coral fragments and implants them into the substrate channels at an angle perpendicular to the reef, avoiding tissue damage. A piezoelectric micropump system is simultaneously activated, adjusting the frequency of bacterial release pulses based on real-time flow velocity data collected by hydrodynamic sensors: increasing the pulse frequency as the flow velocity increases counteracts the diffusion and dilution effect. In some embodiments, this dynamic control significantly improves the colonization efficiency of the microbial community compared to a constant release mode. The final generated symbiotic microbial community colonization report includes parameters such as microbial community coverage and colonization depth.

[0048] Spectroscopic analysis was used to verify the efficacy of microbial symbiosis. The increase in zooxanthellae photosynthetic efficiency was quantified by measuring changes in coral fluorescence intensity. In areas with abrupt topographic changes, the spatial topological relationships of the coral attachment substrate were additionally recorded using three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, forming a three-dimensional reef structure model. This model showed that the attachment stability of the graft in the grooved region of the substrate was better than in the protruding region, providing an optimization basis for subsequent grafting.

[0049] Alternatively, the underwater robotic arm can be replaced by a diver-handled transplant device.

[0050] Gene sequencing technology, used to analyze the symbiotic microbial community characteristics, overcomes the limitations of traditional morphological identification, precisely matching the adaptability of corals to local microbial communities. The stable environment maintained by the constant-temperature cultivation chamber maximizes the slow-release efficiency of hydroxyapatite nutrients, while the porous basalt substrate provides a biomimetic attachment interface for corals. The millimeter-level precision of the underwater robotic arm avoids mechanical damage to coral tissue, and the flow-responsive release mechanism of the piezoelectric micropump compensates for the unevenness of water flow in abrupt change zones. The symbiotic microbial community colonization report quantifies the community establishment process, and spectral analysis confirms the enhanced photosynthetic activity of zooxanthellae. A spatial topological model constructed from three-dimensional coordinate data reveals the influence of micro-topography on attachment stability, guiding the optimization of substrate morphology design. This technology chain improves the survival rate of transplanted corals in abrupt change zones compared to traditional methods, especially showing significant effects in high-velocity reef edge areas.

[0051] In some implementations, the microbial carrier matrix in S3.2 is a porous basalt matrix, with hydroxyapatite nutrients loaded through nano-coating technology; S3.4 also includes: optimizing the deployment location of piezoelectric micropumps based on the reef topographic point cloud dataset; S3.5 also includes: recording the coordinates of the coral attachment substrate using a three-dimensional imaging system to generate a spatial topology map of the symbiotic system.

[0052] Specifically, the microbial carrier substrate uses a porous basalt matrix with optimized internal pore diameters to ensure smooth root extension of coral larvae. Nanocoating technology chemically bonds hydroxyapatite nutrients to the pore walls, preventing erosion by ocean currents. In some embodiments, the substrate is pre-cultured in a low-flow-rate pre-cultivation zone before being transplanted to a high-flow-rate target zone, with the nutrient release period meeting the coral's adaptation needs.

[0053] The placement of piezoelectric micropumps was optimized using a reef topographic point cloud dataset. A 3D topographic model constructed from the point cloud data identified areas of water flow acceleration and eddies, allowing micropumps to be deployed at locations with significant changes in flow velocity gradients. For example, a cluster of micropumps was added to the eddy zone at the bottom of a steep reef slope to enhance the diffusion and coverage of the microbial community. A 3D imaging system simultaneously recorded the coordinates of the coral attachment substrate, and laser scanning was used to obtain the precise 3D coordinates of the attachment points on broken branches, generating a spatial topology map containing the mapping relationship between channel numbers and attachment point coordinates. This map shows that the attachment point density in the grooved area is significantly higher than that in the raised area, guiding subsequent improvements in substrate processing techniques.

[0054] The porous basalt matrix reduces coral rejection due to its mineral compatibility, while nano-coating bonding technology enables controlled nutrient release. Optimized piezoelectric micropump placement ensures uniform bacterial diffusion in complex flow zones, overcoming transport dead zones caused by abrupt topographic changes. Three-dimensional imaging generates a spatial topology map, establishing a quantitative correlation model between attachment stability and micro-topography, providing a basis for reverse optimization of substrate design. In some embodiments, the optimized micropump placement increases bacterial coverage in high-velocity zones, and coral survival rates in grooved substrate areas are higher than in planar substrates.

[0055] In some implementations, S4 includes: S4.1: Based on the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, a predicted map of the migration path of suspended matter is generated through a fluid dynamics model; S4.2: Based on the predicted migration path of suspended matter, the tilt angle and pore distribution parameters of the curtain barrier are calculated using an intelligent optimization algorithm; S4.3: Based on pore distribution parameters, deploy curtain-type barrier devices along the perimeter of the engineering activity area using an underwater automatic paving vessel; S4.4: Real-time collection of suspended solids concentration in the protected area using a turbidity sensor array to generate a suspended solids blocking effectiveness monitoring dataset.

[0056] Specifically, based on the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, a fluid dynamics model simulates the migration path of suspended matter. The model input includes tidal current data of the engineering area and suspended matter particle size distribution parameters, and the output is a spatiotemporal distribution cloud map of suspended matter concentration. In some embodiments, the model predicts a high risk of suspended matter spreading to the *Euphorbia milii* protected area during high tide. An intelligent optimization algorithm calculates the curtain barrier parameters accordingly: through iterative solutions using a genetic algorithm, the barrier's inclination angle is determined to be an acute angle arranged in the downstream direction, and the porosity gradually changes from dense at the bottom to loose at the top, maximizing sand-blocking efficiency.

[0057] An underwater automated paving vessel deployed curtain-type barrier devices along the perimeter of the engineering activity area. Equipped with a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) positioning system, the vessel automatically laid polyester fiber curtains with counterweight chains based on the barrier coordinates. During actual construction, the gap between the bottom of the curtain and the seabed was strictly controlled within a critical value to prevent suspended matter from flowing around the bottom layer. A turbidity sensor array was deployed inside the protected area to collect real-time data on suspended matter concentrations at multiple depths. Monitoring data showed that the suspended matter concentration in the protected area decreased significantly after the curtain was deployed compared to the open area, with a particularly pronounced blocking effect during high tide.

[0058] Alternatively, the genetic algorithm can be replaced by the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the polyester fiber curtain can be replaced by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material.

[0059] Fluid dynamics models accurately quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of suspended matter migration, and intelligent optimization algorithms generate barrier parameters that overcome the limitations of empirical design. Underwater automated paving vessels achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy, and gradient pore design balances sand-blocking efficiency with water flow permeability. Multi-layer monitoring data from a turbidity sensor array verifies the laminar flow interception effect of the curtain on suspended matter. This method achieves, for the first time, active dynamic protection against suspended matter during construction, improving the accuracy of the protection range compared to traditional fixed barriers.

[0060] In some implementations, S4.2 also includes: using a laser locator to calibrate the coordinates of the annular protective barrier around the pre-cultivation area based on the coordinates of the microbial enhancement zone; S4.3 also includes: adding a double-layer intelligent curtain system based on the coordinates of the ring-shaped protective barrier; S4.4 also includes: generating a dynamic protection adjustment instruction set based on the suspended matter blocking performance monitoring dataset.

[0061] Specifically, at the coordinates of the microbial enhancement zone, a laser locator calibrates the coordinates of the annular protective barrier. This coordinate system is centered on the center of the pre-cultivation area, with the radius calculated based on the diffusion radius of the microbial community. The radius of the annular barrier set for the staghorn coral pre-cultivation area is larger than that for the littoral coral area, reflecting species differences. A dual-layer intelligent curtain system is deployed along the annular coordinates: the inner layer is a high-porosity curtain to buffer high-velocity flow impacts, while the outer layer is a low-porosity curtain for fine filtration.

[0062] The suspended solids blocking effectiveness monitoring dataset drives dynamic protection adjustments. When the turbidity sensor detects that the concentration outside the inner curtain exceeds the standard, it automatically generates a curtain permeability adjustment command. When the outer curtain becomes clogged during high tide, causing an increase in pressure differential, the system dynamically expands the pores to maintain water flow balance and prevent curtain structure failure.

[0063] The annular protective barrier establishes a targeted protective ring for the microbial pre-cultivation area, while the tiered filtration mechanism of the double-layer curtain extends the device's lifespan. Dynamic adjustment commands achieve an adaptive balance between suspended solids interception and hydraulic equilibrium, maintaining a stable sand-blocking rate during tidal changes. Compared to a single-layer curtain solution, the double-layer system significantly improves resistance to sudden changes in flow velocity in areas with abrupt topographical shifts.

[0064] In some implementations, S4 also includes: S4.5: Based on seabed topographic scanning data, the vibration suppression module of the ecological dredging equipment controls the sediment disturbance intensity parameters; S4.6: Based on the dynamic protection adjustment instruction set, the permeability of the curtain barrier is changed through the electromagnetic adjustment unit; S4.7: Based on the sediment disturbance intensity parameters and barrier permeability, construction control parameters are integrated through an IoT platform to generate a low-disturbance construction certification map.

[0065] Specifically, based on seabed topographic scanning data, the vibration suppression module of the ecological dredging equipment regulates the intensity of sediment disturbance. When working near the coral transplantation area, the module actively reduces the amplitude of the hydraulic impact hammer to keep the suspended sediment within the threshold. The dynamic protection adjustment command set is sent to the electromagnetic adjustment unit in real time to change the permeability of the curtain barrier: when the suspended solids concentration exceeds the standard, the permeability is reduced to enhance interception; when the hydraulic load is too high, the permeability is increased to ensure structural safety.

[0066] The IoT platform integrates sediment disturbance intensity parameters with barrier permeability data, and uses a time synchronization algorithm to correlate the actions of construction equipment and protective devices. This collaborative control reduces the peak concentration of suspended solids compared to the non-linked mode. The resulting low-disturbance construction certification map includes a spatiotemporal heat map of disturbance intensity, providing a quantitative benchmark for ecological restoration assessment.

[0067] The vibration suppression module actively reduces the amount of suspended matter generated at the source, while the electromagnetic regulation unit responds to end-of-pipe protection needs by adjusting permeability. The integrated control via the IoT platform achieves full-chain regulation from source to path to end-of-pipe. The low-disturbance construction certification map establishes, for the first time, a quantitative assessment system for engineering disturbance. This map verifies that the entire construction process complies with ecological protection standards, providing a technical certification paradigm for similar projects.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology, characterized in that, include: S1: Based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, benthic organism samples are collected and their distribution characteristics are recorded through marine ecological environment survey methods to generate benthic organism distribution data; S2: Based on the benthic organism distribution data, analyze the biological community structure and assess ecological sensitivity through ecological data analysis methods, determine the list of coral transplant species and the coordinates of the transplant area, and generate a coral transplant plan. S3: Based on the coral transplantation plan, a coral-microbe symbiotic system is constructed at the coordinates of the transplantation area using microbiome-enhanced transplantation technology, generating three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system; S4: Based on the timing information of engineering construction activities and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, deploy control devices within the scope of the engineering impact through suspended matter diffusion control measures to restrict the migration of suspended matter to the symbiotic system area; S1 includes: S1.1: Based on the geographical location information of the engineering area, a three-dimensional laser scan of the coral reef habitat is performed using an underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to generate a reef topographic point cloud dataset. S1.2: Based on the reef topographic point cloud dataset, sampling points are deployed in steep change areas and gentle areas using a gridded sampling algorithm to generate an ecological sampling coordinate set; S1.3: Based on the ecological sampling coordinate set, obtain coral coverage and Euphorbia dendrite density data through a benthic organism collector, and generate benthic organism distribution data including boundary parameters of ecologically sensitive areas; S2 includes: S2.1: Based on the benthic organism distribution data, the coordinate set of ecologically degraded areas is identified by comparing the historical coral reef distribution database with the spatiotemporal comparison algorithm; S2.2: Based on the coordinate set of the ecologically degraded area, calculate the priority weight value for coral transplantation using the vulnerability assessment model; S2.3: Based on the priority weight values, generate a coral transplantation plan including a heatmap of the transplantation area using a species adaptation algorithm; S2.2 also includes: determining the coordinates of the microbial pre-cultivation area based on the coral symbiotic microbiome database through community compatibility analysis; S2.3 also includes: based on the coordinates of the microbial pre-culture area, marking the microbial enhancement zones in the heat map of the transplantation area to generate a microbial-enhanced coral transplantation plan; S3 includes: S3.1: Based on the list of transplant species in the coral transplantation plan, analyze the characteristic spectrum of symbiotic microbiota in the native reef area using gene sequencing technology; S3.2: Based on the symbiotic microbial community characteristic spectrum, a microbial carrier matrix is ​​preloaded into the transplantation target area using a constant temperature incubation chamber; S3.3: Based on the microbial carrier matrix, coral fragments are implanted into the pre-cultivation matrix using an underwater robotic arm; S3.4: Based on the flow velocity data collected by the hydrodynamic sensor, the frequency of the release pulse of the bacterial community is controlled by the piezoelectric micropump to generate a symbiotic bacterial community colonization report; S3.5: Based on the colonization report of the symbiotic microbial community, the symbiotic effect of the microorganisms is verified by a spectral analyzer, and three-dimensional coordinate data of the coral-microorganism symbiotic system is generated.

2. The environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1.2 also includes: based on the tidal cycle data of mangrove mudflats, dynamic sampling points are set in the intertidal zone through a multi-phase sampling strategy to generate a tidal-related sampling coordinate set; S1.3 also includes: based on the tidal correlation sampling coordinate set, recording the sediment particle size distribution of sandy coasts using a sediment particle size analyzer to generate benthic organism distribution data with an additional sediment correlation matrix.

3. The environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial carrier matrix described in S3.2 is a porous basalt matrix, on which hydroxyapatite nutrients are loaded using nano-coating technology; S3.4 also includes: optimizing the deployment location of piezoelectric micropumps based on the reef topographic point cloud dataset; S3.5 also includes: recording the coordinates of the coral attachment substrate using a three-dimensional imaging system to generate a spatial topology map of the symbiotic system.

4. The environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 include: S4.1: Based on the three-dimensional coordinate data of the symbiotic system, a predicted map of the suspended matter migration path is generated through a fluid dynamics model; S4.2: Based on the predicted migration path of suspended matter, the tilt angle and pore distribution parameters of the curtain barrier are calculated using an intelligent optimization algorithm; S4.3: Based on the aforementioned pore distribution parameters, a curtain-type barrier device is deployed along the perimeter of the engineering activity area by an underwater automatic paving vessel; S4.4: Real-time collection of suspended solids concentration in the protected area using a turbidity sensor array to generate a suspended solids blocking effectiveness monitoring dataset.

5. The environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, S4.2 also includes: using a laser positioning device to mark the coordinates of the annular protective barrier around the pre-cultivation area based on the coordinates of the microbial enhancement zone; S4.3 also includes: adding a double-layer intelligent curtain system based on the coordinates of the annular protective barrier; S4.4 also includes: generating a dynamic protection adjustment instruction set based on the suspended matter blocking effectiveness monitoring dataset.

6. The environmental remediation method based on coral transplantation technology according to claim 5, characterized in that, S4 also includes: S4.5: Based on seabed topographic scanning data, the vibration suppression module of the ecological dredging equipment controls the sediment disturbance intensity parameters; S4.6: Based on the aforementioned dynamic protection adjustment instruction set, the permeability of the curtain barrier is changed through the electromagnetic adjustment unit; S4.7: Based on the sediment disturbance intensity parameters and barrier permeability, the construction control parameters are integrated through the Internet of Things platform to generate a low-disturbance construction certification map.

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